Minolta Flash Meter IV Inst

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OWNER'S MANUALtr

MINOLTN

The Mino l ta F lash Meter lV is an ext remely versat i le exposure meter des igned tomeasure both cont inuous (ambient ) and f lash l ight sources.

1. Separate meter ing and adjustment for ambient and f lash exposures.o A gu ide-va lue funct ion ind icates how the f lash 's power leve l should be ad justed to

obta in cor rect exposure.o Aper ture-pr ior i ty measurements for f lash are poss ib le and the gu ide va lue wi l l

ind icate how to obta in cor rect exposure.o Exposure set t ings can be ad justed af ter tak ing a measurement .o By us ing t he ana l yze f unc t i on , t he e f f ec t o f comb in ing f l ash w i t h amb ien t l i gh t can

be ca lcu la ted in advance.

2. Mul t ip le-data memory and both d ig i ta l and analog d isp lays.o A bu i l t - in microcomputer s tores up tc two measurements .. A l l exposu re i n fo rma t i on i s d i sp layed on t he i l l um ina ted LCD pane l .o When used wi th the memory funct ion, the analog d isp lay can be used to qu ick ly

compare up to 3 readings.

3. Cumulat ive exposure readings are possib le wi th ambient or f lash l ightus ing e i ther ref lected- or inc ident- l ight readings.

4 . Wi re less da ta t rans fe r to M ino l ta /MAXXUM 9000 and Mino l ta /MAXXUM7000 cameras v ia the Data Receiver DR-1000.

5. A fu l l range of accessor ies are avai lab le to increase the versat i l i ty of theF lash Mete r lV .

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

N a m e s o f p a r t s . . . . . 2Preparation and basic information

l n s t a l l i n g b a t t e r i e s . . . . . . . . 4S e t t i n g f i l m s p e e d . . . . . 5Attaching of measurement heads . . .6L C D p a n e l d i s p l a y s . . . . 7T a k i n g a m e a s u r e m e n t . . . . . . 8G u i d e v a l u e . i . . . . . . . 9

Shutter-pri ority measu rementS e l e c t i n g a s h u t t e r - p r i o r i t y m e a s u r e m e n t m o d e . . . . . 1 0S ing le exposure measurement . . .11C u m u l a t i v e e x p o s u r e m e a s u r e m e n t . . . . . 1 5

Ape rtu re-priority measu rementsSelect ing an aperture-pr ior i ty measurement mode . . .18Single exposure measurement . . 19C u m u l a t i v e e x p o s u r e m e a s u r e m e n t . . . . . 2 2

Applied measurementM e m o r y f u n c t i o n . . . . 2 5How to use memory funct ion . . . .26How to recal l memorized values . . .27E x p o s u r e c a l c u l a t i o n s . . . . 2 8How to change computed values. . .30P r e c h e c k a n d m o n i t o r i n g t e c h n i q u e s . . . . . . 3 1Display for analyzer funct ion. . . . .32Monitor ing readouts of measurements . . .34D e t e r m i n i n g l i g h t i n g r a t i o s . . . . . 3 5Determin ing gu ide numbers fo r f lash . . . .36Measur ing i l l uminance . .36

f nfrared remote control . .37Measur ing- level adjuster . . . .38

S t a n d a r d a c c e s s o r i e s . . . . . . . . . 3 8Optional accessories. . . . . .38S p e c i f i c a t i o n s . . , . . 4 0C a r e a n d s t o r a g e . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1

NAM ES OF PARTS

Receptor head

Bayonet index

Memory c lear but ton

lR T ransm i t t e r w indow

Data panel

Memory but ton

Receptor index

Spher ica l d i f fuser

Shadow key

Averag ing key

H igh l i sh t key

Measur ing but ton

Measur ing-mode se lector

Decrease/i ncrease control

F unct ion se lector

/ reca l l but ton

Strap eye le t

Sync t e rm ina l


Data t ransmiss ion but ton

Shutter-re lease button

Tripod socket

Battery cover

Accessory-receptor jack

Analog-sca le se lector

Disp lay-mqde se lector

Normal/an alyze switch

Sing le /mul t i - read i ng swi tch

PREPARATION AND BASIC INFONIMATt rC IN

P O W E RThe F lash Meter lV is powered by a s ing le AA-s ize

bat tery that f i ts in to bat tery chamber A. A 1.5v

a l ka l i ne -manganese o r ca rbon -z inc o r 1 .2v n i cke l -

cadmium bat tery can be used.

The F lash Meter lV 's in f rared t ransmi t ter ispowered by a separate battery that f i ts into battery

chamber B . When us ing t he op t i ona l lR Rece i ve r -

T r i gge r o r Da ta Rece i ve r DR-1000 , a 6v a l ka l i ne -

manganese (4LR44, Eveready 537 or equiv . ) or 6 .2v

s i lver -ox ide (4SR44, Eveready 544 or equiv . ) bat tery

should be ins ta l led in bat tery chamber B.

I nstal l ing battery ( ies)

1 . Remove ba t t e r y cove r by s l i d i ngi t i n t he d i r ec t i on

i nd i cated.

Inser t bat tery( ies) in to appropr ia te chamber(s)w i t h p l us (+ ) and m inus ( - ) ends as shown i n t hebat tery chamber . (The meter wi l l not operateunless the bat tery is ins ta l led cor rect ly . )

Real ign bat tery cover and s l ide i t towards the

meter unt i l i t snaps in to p lace.

2 .

3 .

Autonratic battery checkEven w i t h power supp l i ed con t i nuous l y t o t he

meter 's memory, the meter 's power consumpt ion is

min imal . To fur ther conserve power , the F lash Meter

lV employs an automat ic cancel l ing feature that

c lears the d isp lay approx imate ly 4 minutes a f tertak ing a reading or press ing a key. When the d isp lay isoff , the meter can be activated by pressing the

on / reca l l bu t t on . The l as t d i sp lay w i l l t hen appea r on

the LCD pane l .

As bat tery power decreases, the LCD d isp lay wi l l

b l i nk when tak ing a measu remen t . l f t h i s occu rs ,

ins ta l l a new bat tery .When the bat tery is complete ly exhausted, the

LCD d i sp lay w i l l r ema in b lank even a f t e r p ress ing . t he

on/ reca l l but ton.

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S E T T I N G F I L M S P E E D1. Se t t he f unc t i on se lec to r t o " lSO" pos i t i on .

Move the decrease/ increase cont ro l downward todecrease the ISO set t ing, upward to increase theset t ing. Each t ime the cont ro l is moved, the ISOse t t i ng w i l l change by 1 /3 s top . Any speed fo r ISO8 to ISO 6400 can be set .

NOTERespect ive displays for ISO 125 and ISO 125O are

" lSO 12O" and " lSO 1200" .

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A T T A C H I N G M E A S U R E M E N T H E A D S

1 . I nc iden t - l i gh t measu remen tFo r t ak ing i nc i den t - l i gh t r ead ings , ho ld t he me te r

at the sub ject pos i t ion wi th the spher ica l d i f fuserpo in ted d i rect ly towards the camera. S ince thed i f f use r shou ld rece i ve t he same i l l um lna t i on as t hesubject , the meter 's receptor head ro ta tes up to 270"to make i t eas ie r t o t ake read ings .

A sphe r i ca l d i f f use r i s supp l i ed w i t h t he F lashMeter lV and should be at tached when makinginc ident - l ight read ings. To take readings of ex t remely

b r i gh t f l ash o r con t i nuous l i gh t sou rces , t he op t i ona l4X o r 8X sphe r i ca l ND d i f f use r can be used . Fo rde te rm in ing l i gh t i ng ra t i os , t he op t i ona l f l a t d i f f use rcan be at tached.o For macrophotography and c lose-up photography,

the opt iona l Min i Receptor p lugs in to the socket onthe s ide of the F lash Meter lV 's receptor head. Th isreceptor can be used to measure ambient and/orf lash l ight in pos i t ions inaccess ib le for the ent i remeter body.

To at tach d i f fuser :A l ign the dot on the d i f fuser wi th the bayonet

index and inser t the d i f fuser 's bayonet in to thereceptor -head socket . Rotate the d i f fuser c lockwise

to secure i t .

To remove d i f fuser :Rotate d i f fuser counterc lockwise unt i l

a l i gns w i t h bayone t i ndex and l i f t d i f f use r

receptor -head socket .

i ts dotout o f

2 . Ref lec ted- l ight measurementRef lec ted- l ight read ings should be taken f rom the

camera pos i t ion whi le look ing at the sub ject through

the eyepiece.

The receptor head can be rotated upmake i t eas ier to take readings.

to 270o to

The re f lec ted- l ight a t tachment suppl ied wi th the

meter has a 40" angle o f v iew. The opt iona l V iew-

f inder 5o or V iewf inder IO. I I can be at tached fortak ing spot readings of se lected areas.

Ref lec ted- l ight a t tachments are a t tached to themeter in the same way as the spher ica l d i f fusers .o Fo r spec ia l i zed me te r i ng f unc t i ons w i t h t he F lash

Me te r lV , t he Boos te r l l can be used . l t s h i gh l y

sens i t ive receptor permi ts re f lec ted- l ight measure-

ments in s i tuat ions where prec ise meter ing is not

usua l l y poss ib l e .


LCD PANEL DISPLAYS

(All possible displays are shown here; however, only applicable displays appear during operation.)

6. Computation

Shadow index H igh light

1 . Analog-scale pointers

mode indicator

i ndex

7 . Analyze functionindicator

. Memory indicators2. Analog scales(contrast scale,F-number scale)

3. Shutter speed(T I M El lf ram e rate(CINE)

4. ISO film speed

5. Number of exposures/guide value (GV)

1. Analog-scale pointersPointers above the analog scales indicate the lastmeasurement and/or readout with memory andcom putation.

2. Analog scales

With function selector at "TlME" or "GV"position and analog-scale selector set at "FNo."position, the analog aperture scale will be dis-played; with analog-scale selector at "CONTRAST"position, contrast scale is displayed.

3. Shutter speed lframe rateShutter speed can be set in full-stops f rom 1/8000sec. to 30 min. for ambient light; or 1/1000 to 30m in. for f lash I ight. F rame rate (f rames-per-secondfilming rate) for movie cameras can be set at 8,12 , 1 6, 18, 24 , 32, or 64 f rames pe r second.

4. ISO film speed

Any film speed from ISO 8 to ISO 6400 can be setin 1/3-stop increments.

5. Number of exposures/guide valueWhen "M U LT l" is displayed, humber of exposuresrequired for correct exposure. is indicated. WhenGV is displayed, the amount of ad justment toflash power is indicated. Display counts fromt'0" to "9", then changes back to "0" and contin-ues counting as additional measurements are

taken.6. Computation mode indicators

When highlight measurement is made, "H" is

displayed; "S" for shadow measurement; tt A" foran average of two measurements.

11. Multiple-readingindicator

12. F-numbers/EV numbers (ExlN)

7. Analyze function indicatorWhen the norm allanalyze switch is moved to"AN ALYZE","AN." will blink.

8. Memory indicatorsThese dots appear when a reading (or readings) arememorized. Up to two flash andlor ambientreadings can memorized and recalled.

9. Over/under range indicatorslf brightness is under the meter's range, "U"blinks; if over the meter's range,'O" blinks.

o lf the "U" or "O" blinks together with"T lM E", " F N o." , " Exl N", or "M U LT l", thereadings are outside the meter's indication range.

" Appropriate readings can be obtained by movingthe decrease/increase control .

10. Measuring-mode indicatorsThese indicate which measuring mode is set:"AMBI" for ambient light, "CORD" for flashmeasurements using a sync cord, "NON.C" forflash measurements without a sync cord

11. Multiple-reading indicator '

"M U LT l" is displayed when singlelmulti-readingsw itch is set to " M U LT l " position.

12. F-numbers/EV numbersMeasurements appear on display as f-numbers tothe nearest 0.1 stop. F-number range is t lO.7 totl9O +0.9. Exposure index (ExlN) numbersf rom - 1 5.9 to 1 5.6 are displayed to the nearest

0.1 stop.

9.

10.

U nde r lover rangeind icatorsMeasu ring-modei nd icato rs

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T A K I N G A M E A S U R E M E N T

Aper ture- and shut ter -pr ior i ty measurements are

bo th poss ib l e w i t h t he F lash Me te r lV .

i . Shu t t e r -p r t o r t t y measu remen t

When the meter is used for shut ter -pr ior i ty meas-

u remen ts (a t T IME se t t i ng ) , t he me te r de te rm ines t he

aper ture requi red for cor rect exposure.

Measu r i ng a s i ng le exposu re

o Measu r i ng f l ash l i gh t

Set t ing before measurement :Des i red shut ter speed is set .

o Measu r i ng amb ien t l i gh t

Set t ing before measurement :

Des i red shut ter speed is set .

o Measu r i ng mu l t i p l e exposu res

Set t ing before measurement :

Des i red shut ter speed is set .

N O T Eo By s l id ing decrease/ increase cont ro l , shut ter speed

or f i lm speed can be changed even af ter tak ing a

measurement . The meter automat ica l ly d isp lays

the new exposure set t ings when the user-set va lues

are changed.o A f t e r t ak i ng a measu remen t , t he gu ide va lue (GV)

can be changed to se lect an aper ture for cor rect

exposure wi thout changing the power leve l .

2 . Aper ture-pr ior i ty measurement

When the meter is used for aper ture-pr ior i tymeasurements (a t FNo. set t ing) , the meter determines

the shut ter speed (ambient - l ight measurements) orgu ide va lue ( f lash measurements) for cor rect expo-

sure.

Measu r i ng a s i ng le exposu re

. Measu r i ng f l ash l i gh t

Set t ing before measurement :Des i red shut ter speed andaperture are set.

o Measu r i ng amb ien t l i gh t

Set t ing before measurement :Des i red aper ture is set .

Resul t a f ter measurement :Gu ide va lue i s d i sp layed .

Resul t a f ter measurement :Requi red shut ter speed isd i sp layed

o Measu r i ng mu l t i p l e expo$u res

Set t ing before measurement :Des i red shut ter speed andaper ture are set .

Resu l t a f t e r measu remen t :Requ i red number o fexposures are d isp layed.

NOTEo By s l id ing decrease/ increase cont ro l , aper ture or

f i lm speed can be changed even af ter tak ing a

measurement . The meter automat ica l ly d isp lays

the new exposure set t ings when the user-set va lues

are changed.o When amb ien t l i gh t i s t oo h igh f o r t he ape r tu re -

shut ter combinat ion set , the meter wi l l auto-

mat ica l ly change the shut ter speed to obta in

the correct exposure set t ings.o Aper ture and shut ter speed can be set in fu l l -s tops.

Gu ide va lue i s d i sp layed i n f u l l - s t ops . The number

o f f l ashes (o r exposu res ) i s d i sp layed i n s i ng le -

burs t ind icat ions. l f the measured va lue is between

fu l l - s t op i nd i ca t i ons , ape r tu re va lue w i l l be au to -

ma t i ca l l y ad jus ted by 0 .1 t o 0 .9 s top .www.orphancameras.com

f f i { - J IDE VALUE

The gu ide va lue ind icates how the f lash powershould be ad justed to obta in cor rect exposure a t thei nd icated aper ture-sh ut ter combinat ion.

1 . Gu ide va lue {GV} con t ro l w i t h shu t t e r -p r i o r i t ymeasu reme n tChanging a GV readout a f ter measurement auto-

mat ica l ly changes the aper ture readout to re f lec t th ischange :

l f GV i s changed f r om 0 t o +1 , t he ape r tu rerequi red changes f rom f /5 .6 to f 18.

2 . Guide va lue (GV) cont ro l w i th aper ture-pr ior i tymeasurementWhen e lec t ron i c f l ash i s measu red , t he GV i nd i -

cates whether f lash power is cor rect a t the aper tureand shut ter speed d isp layed.

To get cor rect exposure a t f /5 .6 and 1/60 sec. ,f lash power should be increased one s top (doubled)

or the f lash- to-subject d is tance should be decreasedby a f ac to r o f 111 .4 .

To get correct exposure at f /5.6 and 1/60 sec.,f lash should be decreased two stops (one-quarterpower) or the f lash- to-subject d is tance should bedoub led .

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Relat ion between GV, f lash power , and f lash- to-subject d is tance.

G V -8 - 7 -6 - 5 -4 - J -2 - 1 o + 1 +2 + { +4 +5 +6 +7 +8

F l a s h p o w e r 11256x 1 I 128x 1164x ' l l32x 1 1 1 6 x 1 l 8 x 1 l 4 x 1 l 2 x 1 x 2x 4 x 8 x 1 6 x 32x 64x 128x 256x

FIash- to -sub-iec t d is tance 1 6 x 1 1 . 3 x 8x 5 . 7 x 4 x 2 . 8 x 2 x 1 . 4 x 1 x 1 l1 .4x 1 l2x " l 1 2 . 8 x 1 l 4 x 1 15 .7 x 1 l 8 x ' t 11 1 .3x 1 1 1 6 x

SHUTTER.PR IOR ITY MEASUREMENT

Single or cumulat ive exposure

Light source?Light source?

Ambient l ightElect ron ic f lashAmb ien t l i gh tE lect ron ic f lash

With sync cord?St i l l o r mov iecamera?With sync cord?

Mov iecamera


A-1. Measurements us ing a sync cord

Basic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch

. "F No . " pos i t i on


. " N O R M " p o s i t i o n

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "S ING LE"pos i t i on .

2 . Se t measu r i ng -mode se lec to r t o "CORD"

lnse r t PC p lug i n to sync t e rm ina l on me te r .Note: F lash may be t r iggered when the syncis a t tached.

4 . S l i de f unc t i on se lec to r t o "T lME" pos i t i on .

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5. Set des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/increase cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is setwi th in camera 's X-sync range.

Press the measur ing but ton to take a measurement .F lash w i l l f i r e . and LCD pane l w i l l d i sp lay t hem e t e r ' s r e a d i n g . l f " F N o . " a n d " A " o r " V "b l ink , br ightness is above or be low meter 's d isp layrange.

6.

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N O T Eo Tr igger vo l tage of some e lect ron ic f lash un i ts may

not be suf f ic ient to f i re f lash un i t when us ing"CORD" mode . l f so , use "NON.C" mode andt r i gge r f l ash manua l l y .

o Make the actua l exposure wi th the sync cordconnected to the camera. The camera should beset for proper X-sync.

S H U T T E R . P R I O R I T Y M E A S U R E M E N T

I . S I N G L E B U R S T O F E L E C T R O N I C F L A S H

A-2. Measurements wi thout us ing a sync cord

Basic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal /analyze swi tch

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ingpos i t ion.

"FNo . " pos i t i on"FNo . " pos i t i on"NORM" pos i t i on

sw i t ch t o "S INGLE"

2. Set measur ing-mode se lector to "NON.C"


Set des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/

increase cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set

w i t h i n camera ' s X -sync range .

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5 . Press the measur ing but ton to act ivate meter 's

c i r cu i t f o r measu r i ng f l ash l i gh t . "NON.C" w i l l

b l i nk on LCD pane l , and ape r tu re d i sp lay w i l l

d isappear .

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6. Tr igger f lash un i t to take a measurement .

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7. The exposure set t ings wi l l be d isp layed on the

LCD pane l .

N O T EAf ter tak ing a measurement , the meter 's c i rcu i t

remains act ivated for approx. 60 sec. and "NON.C"

con t i nues t o b l i nk t o i nd i ca te t h i s . l f "NON.C" s tops

bl ink ing before the f lash is t r iggered, press the meas-

ur ing but ton again to re-act ivate the meter 's c i rcu i t .


S H U T T E R . P R I O R I T Y M I E A S U R E M E N T

I . M A K I N G A S I N G L E E X P O S U R E M E A S U R E -M E I \ T

B-1 . Measu r i ng amb ien t l i gh t f o r a s t i l l ca rne ra

Basic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ingpos i t i on .

" F N o . " p o s i t i o n" FNo . " pos i t i on"NORM" pos i t i on

s w i t c h t o " S l N G L E "

2 . Se t measu r i ng -mode se lec to r t o "AMB l "


<-

Set des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/i n c r e a s e c o n t r o l . A n y s p e e d f r o m 3 0 m i n . t o1/8000 sec. can be set in fu l l -s tops.

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5. Press the measur ing but ton to take a measurement .

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B-2. lV leasur ing ambient

Basrc $et t i?rgsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch

i i gh t fn r a mov ie ean le ra


"FNo . " pos i t i on"FNo . " pos i t i on"NORM" pos i t i on

sw i t ch t o "S INGLE"

2. Set measur ing-mode se lector to "AMBl"

3. S l ide funct ion se lector to

r L r r I

4. Set measur ing t ime for the des i red f rames per

second ( f rame ra te) by moving the decrease/increase cont ro l . Frame ra tes appear a f ter 1 /8000sec. in shut ter -speed d isp lay. The fo l lowing f ramesr a t e s c a n b e s e t : 8 , 1 2 , 1 6 , 1 8 , 2 4 , 3 2 , a n d 6 4f rames per second.

RECALLa ll

Shut ter -sector openi ngThe shut ter -sector opening is 180" for a l l f rame ra tes.When us ing movie cameras that have shut ter -sectoropenings other than 180o, f i lm speed should beadjusted accord ing to the tab le be low.

F rame rate 8 through 64Sh utter-sector opening 1 6 0 1 8 0 220Adjustment to f i lm speed -113 0 + 1 1 3

0 : No adjustment requi red

+"113:Increase f i lm-speed ra t ing bV 113 s top. ( i .e . ,f o r ISO 100 , se t ISO 120 )

- "1 /3 :Decrease f i lm-speed ra t ing bV 1/3 s top. ( i .e . ,for ISO 100, set ISO 80)

5. Press the measur ing but tonmen t . The me te rw i l l d i sp layfor cor rect exposure.

to take a measure-the aper ture requi red

<b

I r .4 2 2.8 4 5.6 I rr 16 2232 (564 90

1 t t F b

i d ' f , t r t a r a lt r ] U n-sc__\ 't.u I


S F { U T T E R - P R I O R I T Y M E A S U R E M E N T

I I " C U M U L A T I V E - E X P O S U R E M E I \ S U R E M E N T

A. Measu remen t o f f l ash l i uh t

A - ' 1 . Measu remen ts us ing c r s fnc co rd

Basic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lector "FNo." pos i t ionD isp lay -mode se lec to r "FNo . " pos i t i onNormal /an a lyze swi tch "NORM" pos i t ion

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "MU LT l "pos i t i on .

2 . Set measur ing-mode se lector to "CORD"

3 . I nse r t PC p lug i n to sync t e rm ina l on me te r .


t'"6-)./*-oo

5 . Set desired shutter speed by moving decrease/increase cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is setwi th in camera 's X-sync range.

Press the measur ing but ton to take a measurement .The meter wi l l d isp lay the exposure set t ings andthe number o f burs ts o f f lash l ight .

]

6.

7 . Fi re the f lash by press ing the measur ing but ton.Each t ime the f lash is f i red, the meter wi l l ca lcu-la te the to ta l cumulat ive l ight va lue. The numberof f lashes made and the aper ture requi red forcor rect exposure wi l l be d isp layed.

1 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 5 8 i l t 6 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 0 9 0

A#\','*fi.ilr."-

1 LL 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 l t t6 2232456t 90

* llO l_,'* | f coRD

" . . t / r l I i E f , * u . , ,

| 1 . 4 2 2 . 6 r s 5 8 1 1 r 8 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0-* iPO l_'* n coRD

'sorfir/l u U ruLrl

NOTE. To take a new measurement , s l ide the s ing le /mul t i -

read ing swi tch to "RESET" pos i t ion, then checkthat dispf ay shows " | " and "f l" .

o Tr igger vo l tage of some e lect ron ic f lash un i ts maynot be suf f ic ient to f i re the f lash un i t when us ing"CORD" mode . l f so , use "NON.C" mode andt r igger f lash manual ly (see next page) .

A-2, Measurerxents i 'u ' r t i ' t *u t us i rug a sync cord

* a : ; l c ) e 1 i : r - i q : {

Analog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch


. "FNo . " pos i t i on



sw i t ch t o "MU LT l "

2 . Se t measu r i ng -mode se lec to r t o "NON.C"

3. S l ide funct ior r se lector to

4. Set des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/

increase cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set

w i t h i n camera ' s X -sync range .

5 . Press thec i r cu i t f o rb l i n k o nd i sappea r .

measur ing but ton to act ivate meter 'sm e a s u r i n g f l a s h l i g h t . " N O N . C " w i l l

LCD pane l , and ape r tu re d i sp lay w i l l

1 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 r 1 5 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0--l T r M E l , ] - F N o

t E U + r , /-rm--. ,,--__\ ;lo.n.!I S O , - t , \ z , , t

Et -t

\ rulrl

6 . T r i gge r f l ash un i t t o t ake a measu remen t .

1 . The me te r w i l l d i sp lay t he ape r tu re requ i red f o rcor rect exposure and the number o f cumulat ivef lash burs ts .

| 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 - 6 8 t 1 t 6 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0

l T l X E l r - I - F s- i ( D t . ' ? r t.::----------- ; r- F Etroxc' ' " 8 ' 1

\ ' L . L t - f M U L T i

1 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 1 t 5 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0

==hl,'*5.fir:uN O T Eo Af ter tak ing a measurement , the meter 's c i rcu i t


con t i nues t o b l i nk t o i nd i ca te t h i s . l f "NON.C"

stops b l ink ing before the f lash is t r iggered, press

the measur ing but ton again to re-act ivate the

meter 's c i rcu i t .o To t ake a new measu remen t , s l i de s i ng le /mu l t i -

r ead ing sw i t ch t o "RESET" pos i t i on , t hen check

that display shows " , " and "f l" .


B. Measu r i ng amb ien t l i gh t

Bas ic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch





sw i t ch t o "MU LT l "

Press the measur ing but ton toThe d i sp lay w i l l i nd i ca te t hements taken and the aper tureexposure.

take a measurement .number o f measure-requi red for cor rect



Set des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/increase cont ro l . Any speed f rom 30 min. to1/8000 sec. can be set in fu l l -s tops.

N O T ETo take a new measu remen t , s l i de t he s i ng le /mu l t i -

read ing swi tch to "RESET" pos i t ion, then check thatd isp lay shows " , " and" f l " .

Each t ime the but ton is pressed an addi t iona lmeasurement is taken. The meter then d isp lays thenumber o f measurements and the aper ture requi redfor cor rect exposure.

1 LL 2 2.8 4 5.6 I 11 16 22 32 4564 90

' rue: l f l f

t * _ - ara l

: / H n, " u f r ' 1 \ ' L . L f L , i l u r r l

1 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 1 1 6 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0-rtur ] t- l r FNo AMBI1u r- r r"' 6 ,t-l i J.fr. -7 ,u,.,,

4 .

APERTURE.PR IORITY MEASUREMENT

Single or cumulat ive exposures

Light source? Light source?

Elect ron ic f lash Amb ien t l i gh t E lect ron ic f lash Ambient l igh t

With sync cord? With sync cord?

Yes No Yes No

p . 1 9 p.20 p . 2 1 p.22 p.23 p.24


A P E R T U R E - P R I O R I T Y M E A S U R E M E N T

l . Measur ing a s ing le burs t o f e lec t ron ic f lash

A. Measurement o f f lash l ight

A-1. Measurernents us ing a sync cord

Basic sett ingsAna log -sca le se lec to r . , ,CONTRAST, , pos i t i onD isp lay -mode se lec to r , ,FNo . , , pos i t i onNormal /an a lyze swi tch , ,NORM,, pos i t ion

" In aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p layed even when se lector is a t "FNo." pos i t ion.

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "S ING LE"pos i t i on .

2. Set measur ing-mode selector to "CORD"

3. Inser t PC p lug in to sync termina l on meter .

W i th f unc t i on se lec to r a t " f lME" pos i t i on , se tdes i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/ increasecont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set w i th incamera 's X-sync range.

4 .

ta a Mur.rr a RESEI I. # l

5. Sl ide funct ion se lectordes i red aper ture bycont ro l . Any aper tureset in fu l l -s tops.

to "FNo." pos i t ion and setmoving decrease/ increasefrom f lO.7 to f /90 can be

6. Press the measur ing but ton to t r igger the f lash un i tand take a measurement .

The exposure readout wi l l be d isp layed on theLCD pane l . I n t h i s examp le , " - 1 GV" i nd i ca testhat f lash power should be reduced by one-ha l f toobtain correct exposure ar. f 14.Or , the f lash- to-subject d is tance can be increasedby a fac tor o f 1 .4 for cor rect exposure wi thoutchanging the aper ture or power leve l .

7 .

- 4 . - 3 s . - 2 . - r . 0 . 1 . 2 h . 3 . 4

* . . , f - Ey" ; -, E U , U n c o R o

; ; - ; - . - - l - ieu l t i f t' " " f r ' 1 \ ' - f ' L f L '

NOTETr igger vo l tage of some e lect ron ic f lash un i ts may

not be suf f ic ient to f i re the f lash un i t when us ing"CORD" mode . l f so , use "NON.C" mode and t r i gge rf l ash manua l l y .

I . M E A S U H I N G A S i I \ l G L E B U R S T O FL LHCTf f iOT{ IC $- LASH

.{ 3 i',11*a:;irri:ffi*}riiri vvtth{f r.!t a sVnc cord

*asr r : se t t ingsAna log -sca le se lec to r * . .D isp lay-mode se lectorNormal /an a lyze swi tch

' " 'CONTRAST" pos i t i on

' " ' F N o . " p o s i t i o n' ' " N O R M " p o s i t i o n

, . In aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p l ayed even when se lec to r i s a t "FNo . " pos i t i on .

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "S INGLE"pos i t i on .

2 . Set measur ing-mode se lector to "NON.C"

Wi th f unc t i on se lec to r a t "T lME" pos i t i on , se t

des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/ increase

cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set w i th in

camera 's X-sync range.

4. S l i de f unc t i on se lec to rdes i red aper ture bycont ro l . Any aper tureset in f u l l -s tops.

Jgi=*l

rylt o "FNo" pos i t i on and se tmoving decrease/ increase

from f lO.7 to f /90 can be

ryffi*,4

5 . Press the measur ingc i r cu i t f o r measu r i ngb l i n k o n L C D p a n e l ,

d isappear .

button to activate meter'sf l a s h l i g h t . " N O N . C " w i l land ape r tu re d i sp lay w i l l

6 .7 .

Tr igger the f lash un i t to take a measurement .

The exposure readout wi l l be d isp layed on theLCD pane l . I n t h i s examp le , " - 2 GV" i nd i ca testhat f lash power should be reduced by one-quar terto obta in cor rect exposure a t f 14. Or the f lash- to-

subject d is tance can be doubled for cor rect expo-

sure wi thout changing the aper ture or power leve l .

, { . . 3 5 . - 2 . 1 . 0 . 1 . 2 " . 3 . 6

TlrE | 1 Fb-" - " i (o *0 n_r t , ,,, .,_. 4--l "" LT. Li trii\LI , \

- 4 . - 3 s . - 2 . - 1 . 0 . 1 . 2 r . 3 . L

* " , - t " -i ( 0 _ , u r t

- - l - l l - - - - l - r - 'ov J i i J rot ' rc' " " 8 ' l \ - - r , L f L

N O T EAfter tak ing a measurement , the meter 's c i rcu i t


con t i nues t o b l i nk t o i nd i ca te t h i s . l f "NON.C" s topsbl ink ing before the f lash is t r iggered, press the meas-ur ing but ton again to re-act ivate the meter 's c i rcu i t .


I . M A K I N G A S I N G L E E X P O S U R E M E A S U R E M E N T

B . M e a s u r i n g a m b i e n t l i g h t

Bas ic set t ingsAnalog-sca l e se lector*Disp lay-mode se lectorNo rma l / an a l yze sw i t ch

"CONTRAST" pos i t i on" F N o . " p o s i t i o n" N O R M " p o s i t i o n

1 .

In aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p l ayed even when se lec to r i s a t "FNo . " pos i t i on .

Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "S lNGLE"pos i t i on .


3 . S l i de f unc t i on se lec to rdes i red aper ture bycon t ro l . Any ape r tu rese t i n f u l l - s t ops .

t o "FNo . " pos i t i on and se tmoving decrease/ i r rc rgdsefrom f lO.7 to f /90 can be

4. Press the measur ing but ton to take a rneasurement .

The me te r w i l l d i sp layfor cor rect exposure.

the shut ter speed requi red

- 4 . - 3 s . . 2 r { . 0

rue J i l @J U

' ' o 5Y 1fi f i^." '

5 .

I I. C L.IM I..' N*AT I V E - E X POS U R E M EAS t.J R E IVI E N T

A. {bteasernernent of f lash l iqht

A-n" [Weasurements us ing a sync cord

Easic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch

" 'CONTRAST" posi t ion' "FNo. " pos i t ion' "NORM" pos i t ion

o In aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p layed even when se lector is a t "FNo." pos i t ion.

1 . Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "MULT l "

pos i t i on .

2 . Set measur ing-mode se lector to "CORD"

3. Inser t PC p lug in to sync termina l on meter .

Wi th funct ion se lector a t "T lME" pos i t ion, set

des i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/ increase

cont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set w i th in

camera 's X-sync range.

4 .

5 . Sl ide funct ion se lectordes i red aper ture bycont ro l . Any aper tureset in f u l l -s tops.

to "FNo." pos i t ion and setmoving decrease/ increase

Irom f lO.7 to f /90 can be

7 .

6. Press the measur ing but ton to t r igger the f lash andtake a measurement .

The exposure readout wi l l appear on the LCDpanel . The number o f t imes f lash must be f i redw i l l be d i sp layed . I n t h i s examp le , " 4 " i nd i ca testhat the f lash should be f i red four t imes forcorrect exposure at 11125 sec. and t l4.

- 4 . , 3 5 . , 2 . j . 0

,,", ll0 ?,*;;-;-:.---1 -il 5 O ; 1 1

n - l

'-|.ff n.,_

N O T ETr igger vo l tage of some e lect ron ic f lash un i ts may

not be too low to f i r f lash un i t when us ing "CORD"

mode . l f so , use "NON.C" mode and t r i gge r t he f l ashm a n u a l l y .


A-2" lV lu l t ip le measurements wi thout us ing a synccord

1 .

ln aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p l ayed even when se lec to r i s a t "FNo . " pos i t i on .

Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ingpos i t i on .

sw i t ch t o "MULT l "

2. Set measur ing-mode se lec tor to "NoN.c"

Wi th f unc t i on se lec to r a t "T lME" pos i t i on , se tdes i red shut ter speed by moving decrease/ increasecont ro l . Make sure shut ter speed is set w i th incamera 's X-sync range.

Bas ic set t ingsAnalog-sca le se lector*Disp lay-mode se lectorNormal /an a lyze swi tch

Sl ide funct ion se lectordes i red aper ture bycont ro l . Any aper tureset in fu l l -s tops.

. . "CONTRAST" pos i t ion

. . " F N o . " p o s i t i o n

. . " N O R M " p o s i t i o n

t o "FNo . " pos i t i on and se tmoving decrease/ increasefrom f lO.7 to f /90 can be

3 .

4 .

5 . Press the measur ing but ton to act ivate the meter 'sc i rcu i t .

6 . Manua l l y f i r e t he f l ash un i t t o t ake a measu re -men t .

7 . The exposure readout wi l l be d isp layed on theLCD panel , and the number o f t imes f lash must bef i r ed w i l l be d i sp layed . I n t h i s examp le , t o ge t

cor rect exposure a t 11125 sec. and f 116, the f lashmus t be f i r ed seven t imes . l f t he re i s no amb ien tl i gh t , t he shu t t e r can be he ld open wh i l e t he f l ashis f i red repeated ly .

- 4 . - 3 s . . 2 . - 1 . 0 . ! . 2 N . 3 . 4

l l l . E t 1 , F k l

i ( 0 r - t r;;-:---

-----\ i |J ,-, NoN c,"

rl ? \ r Lf Lr ,u.,,

.ffi'r-*lfitN;

NOTETo take a new measurement , s l ide the s ing le /mul t i -

read ing swi tch to "RESET" pos i t ion, then check that

the d isp lay shows " [ "

I I . C U I \ 4 U I . A T I V E - E X P O S U R E M E A S U R E M E N T

C" lV leasu r i ng amb ien t l i gh t

Bas ic set t ings

Analog-sca le se lectorDisp lay-mode se lectorNormal/an alyze switch

" 'CONTRAST" pos i t i on

" ' F N o . " p o s i t i o n' " N O R M " p o s i t i o n

1 .

In aper ture-pr ior i ty mode, cont rast sca le is d is-p l ayed even when se lec to r i s a t "FNo . " pos i t i on .

Move s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ing sw i t ch t o "MU LT l "pos i t ion.

u I rA L Y Z I S I N G ( E ' ' M U L T I ' R E S E I

I t i l i l f i i l t ' i l l 'II

iffil


3 . With f unct ion se lectordes i red shut ter speed by

Sl ide funct ion se lectordes i red aper ture bY

cont ro l . AnY aper turese t i n f u l l - s t ops .

a t "T lM E" pos i t i on , se tmoving decrease/ increase

to "FNo . " pos i t i on and se tmoving decrease/ increase

trom I lO.-/ to f /90 can be

cont ro l . Any speed f rom 30 min. to 1 /8000 sec.can be set in f u l l -s tops.

4 .

5. Press the measur ing but ton to take a measurement .

6 . The LCD pane l w i l l d i sp lay t he number o f expo -

sures requi red at the ind icated aper ture-sht l t tercomb ina t i on . I n t h i s examp le , f i ve exposu res a rerequi red for cor rect exposure a t f 18 and 1/30 sec.

- 4 . - 3 s . - 2 . { . 0 . t . 2 H . 3 . 4

:i lMr - ,

, - , , F to : AMBI

7Li r-- fl fl: --- r ', fi ii rt''"

[-, t/

\

- Lf . Lf L, MuLTI

H O W T O R E A D T E N T H . S T O P I N C R E M E N T SThe F lash Me te r lV ' s f - number d i sp lay mode reads

ou t i n 0 .1 s top i nc remen ts . The d ig i t a l f i gu re nex t t othe f -number ind icates how much to change theexposure set t ings to obta in cor rect exposure.

H . 3 . 4

C O R D

:tLi@

f-

,--t uu J.

. - 1-4 . -3s . -2

rlME I _1I L

I S O , - , ,t7

-t

Single exposures

i Tenth-s top

\ v a l u e

M o d e \

0 .0 - 0 .2 0 .3 - 0 .7 0.8 - 0 .9

A M B I Se t aper tu reto the fu l l -s top set t ing.

Decrease aper-tu re se t t i ngby 1 /2 s top .

lnc rease shu t -ter speed by1 s t o p .

C O R D S A M E S A M E Reduce GV by1 s top .

N O N . C S A M E S A M E S A M E


A P P L I E D M E A S U R E M E N T

M E M O R Y F U N C T I O NUp to two f lash andlor ambient - l ight measure '

ments can be s tored in the meter 's memory. Measure-

ments can be reca l led to the LCD d isp lay a t a touch

o f a bu t t on . Measu remen ts a re s imu l t aneous l y i nd i -cated by po in ters on the meter ' ana log sca les. Th ismakes i t easy to compare two readings when deter -min ing exposure for two l ight sources, such as whenm i x i n g f i l l - i n f l a s h w i t h a m b i e n t l i g h t .

Ana log sca leWhen the f unc t i on se lec to r i s a t "T lME" o r "GV" ,

e i ther the cont rast sca le or the f -number sca le canbe d isp layed by set t ing the analog-sca le se lector tothe app rop r i a te pos i t i on .

F -number sca leThe po in ter above the f -number sca le ind icates the

aper ture requi red for cor rect exposure.

1 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 I 11 ' t6 2232 4564 90 .

tr\o*"rr.LTJ^""'

Contrast sca leThe contrast scale has a range from -4 to +4

stops. The "0" pos i t ion cor responds to the meteredva lue shown on t he d ig i t a l d i sp lay . Read ings a re

s imul taneous ly ind icated by po in ters on the cont rast

sca le for determin ing cont rast or for compar ing two

measu remen ts . Fo r examp le , when m ix i ng l i gh t f r om

e lec t ron i c f l ash w i t h amb ien t l i gh t , t he p ropo r t i on o f

l ight f rom each source can be cont ro l led. Once themixed l ight is measured, the dev ia t ion betweenf lash and ambient l ight a t a set shut ter speed are

shown by po in ters on the cont rast sca le . The cont r ibu-

t ion to to ta l exposure made by each l ight source can

thus be determined pr ior to making the exposure.

- 4 . - 3 s . - 2 . - 1 . 0 . 1 . 2 A . 3 . 4a

=|l.,i,\ '"'r=.LTJ^'"'

1. How to use rnemory funct ionSl ide norrna l /ana lyze swi tch to "NORlVl " pos i t io l '1 .

1 . Press the memory but ton af ter tak ing a measure-

men t . The d i sp lay w i l l go b lank f o r a momen t t henreappear when the measurement has been memo-r i zed . The memory i nd i ca to r ( b l ack do t ) w i l lappear to conf i rm that the reading is memor ized.A po in ter wi l l appear a t the "0" pos i t ion on thecont rast sca le . l f the f -number sca le is d isp layed,the po in ter wi l l ind icate the cor responding f -number .

I -J ' r - - l , f r .u 'J I I

MnL I qrcI

NOTEWhen the measurement is under or over the

meter 's measur ing range, i t cannot be entered in to thememory .

2 . A second measurement can then be taken, and anew readout wi l l appear on the d isp lay.

o When the f - number sca le i s d i sp layed , a po in te r

wi l l appear to ind icate the f i rs t measurement , then

a second po in ter wi l l appear for second measure-

men t .o When the cont rast sca le is d isp layed, the po in ter a t

"0" pos i t ion wi l l ind icate the re la t ive d i f ference

between the two measurements .

| 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 i l 1 6 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0 .

5#a '* fl.fr o^"''

@l- , - lt--t t-l

,sOJ UL l l

0 . I . 2 N . 3 . 4 .

'."ff.il fi ^'"'

1 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 4564 90 .

AMBIL-,Li I r

;-;-..--r i fl i'* E ' j \ f L r L f

N O T EThe memory can s tore up to two measurements . l f

you t ry to memor ize more than two measurements , al a rge l e t t e r "E " w i l l appea r on t he LCD pane l .

" 4 . - 3 s

5M' r: ,-,LI L'

I S O , - , /tr

-t

o

I fi ii ^'"'

1 1.4 2 2.4 4 5.6 8 t ' t t6 ?2 32 4564 90

*6 f l ' * J J

aMBlLrL f J J , ,' ' o . 5 ? \ L L u

1 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 1 1 6 2 2 3 2 4 5 5 4 9 0 :

*fi ii

FNo f

AMallfl, r

"""71 r

How to e rase "E " f r om the d i sp lay

Ei ther o f two nnethods can be used:Push the on/ reca l l but ton. "E" wi l l be rep laced by

the most recent measurement . In th is case, the f i rs t

and second measurements are s tored in the memory.

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Push measur ing but ton in . "E" is erased and a new

measurement is d isp layed on the LCD panel . The f i rs t

and second measurements are s tored in the memory.o When the f - number sca le i s d i sp layed , chang ing t he

f i lm-speed or shut ter -speed set t ing wi l l a lso changethe pos i t ion o f the po in ter .

a The measurements remain memor ized even i fmeasu r i ng -mode se lec to r o r s i ng le /mu l t i - r ead ingswi tch are moved, or i f the l ight receptor ischanged. Thus, measurements o f inc ident and/orre f lec ted l ight for f lash or ambient l ight can beshown by the po in ters on the analog sca le .

o Even when the d isp lay goes of f , any va lues s toredin the memory are re ta ined as long as bat terypower las ts .

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2. How to reca l i nnernor ized va luesThe memor ized va lues can be reca l led by press ing

the on/ reca l l but ton.

(examp le 1 )

Disp lay before press ing on/ reca l l but ton.

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Disp lay wh i l e p ress ing on / reca l l bu t t on .

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Last measurement : 1 /60 sec. a t f 116Memor ized measurement : 1 /60 sec. a t f 18

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ln cases where two measurements are memor ized.

Disp lay before press ing on/ reca l l but ton.

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Disp lay o f f i rs t memor ized measurement whenbut ton is pressed.

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Second memor ized measurement 1/60 sec. at f l "16

o l f there are no memor ized va lues, the d isp lay wi l lshow " [ " whi le the on/ reca l l but ton is pressed.o The f i rs t and second memor ized va lues can bedisp layed one af ter another by repeated ly press ing onthe on/ reca l l but ton.

3. l- low to c!ear nremorized valuesTo c lear memor ized va lues, press memory c lear

button. When the button is pressed, the memoryind icator (b lack dot ) and the po in ter cor respondingto the memor ized va lue wi l l d isappear , and the las tmeasurement wi l l appear on the LCD panel .

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E X P O S U R E C A L C U L A T I O N S F O R R E F L E f r T E D - L I G H T M E A S U R E M E N T S

1 . Ave rag ing me thodAf ter enter ing two measurements in to the memory,

press the average key. The average of the two meas-urements wi l l be d isp layed by the po in ter on the sca leand by the d ig i ta l readout . Th is method of measure-

ment is most usefu l for scenes that conta in a var ie tyof midd le-grey tones. To use:

1 . Measu re a b r i gh t h i gh l i gh t a rea and memor i zed t hemeasurement . Then, measure a dark shadow area

and memor ized th is reading.

2 .

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Press the averag ing key to ca lcu la te average expo-

su re va lue .When the averag ing key is pressed, the le t ter "A"

and the averaged va lue wi l l be d isp layed 'When the f - number sca le i s d i sp layed , one po in te r

w i l l i nd i ca te t he d i sp layed (ave raged ) va lue and t he

other po in ter wi l l ind icate a mernor ized va lue.

When cont rast sca le is d isp layed, the "0" pos i t ion

ind icates the averaged exposure va lue, and thepo in te r { s ) i nd i ca te t he memor i zed va lues .

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2 . H igh l i gh t me thodl f the most impor tant area in a scene is a br ight

h igh l ight area, exposure should be based on th is area.

1. Measure an area that you want to appear as the

h igh l i gh t on t he f i lm and en te r t he read ing i n to t he

memory .

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2 . P ress t he h igh l i gh t key .o When the h igh l i gh t key i s p ressed , t he l e t t e r "H "

and the h igh l i gh t va lue w i l l be d i sp layed .When the f - number sca le i s d i sp layed , one po in te r

w i l l i nd i ca te t he d i sp layed (h i gh l i gh t ) va lue and

the o the r po in te r w i l l i nd i ca te a memor l zed va lue .

When cont rast sca le is d isp layed, the "0" pos i t ion

ind i ca tes t he h igh l i gh t exposu re va lue , and t hepo in te r ( s ) i nd i ca te t he memor i zed va lues .

When an exposure is made based on the abovemeasurement , the measured area wi l l be exposed

as a h igh l i gh t on t he f i lm .

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3. Shadow method

By us ing th is method, the shadow areas are g ivenp r i o r i t y .

1 . Measure an area that you want to appear as theshadow on the f i lm and enter the reading in to thememory .

- 4 . , 3 s . - 2 . I . 0 . 1 . 2 t s . 3 . 4 .

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2. Press the shadow key.o When the shadow key is pressed, the le t ter "S"

and t he shadow va lue w i l l be d i sp layed .o When the f - number sca le i s d i sp layed , one po in te r

w i l l i nd i ca te t he d i sp layed ( shadow) va lue and t he

o the r po in te r w i l l i nd i ca te a memor i zed va lue .o When cont rast sca le is d isp layed, the "0" pos i t ion

ind icates the shadow exposure va lue, and thepo in te r ( s ) i nd i ca te t he memor i zed va lues .

o When an exposure is made based on the abovemeasurement , the measured area wi l l be exposed

as a shadow on the f i lm.

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How to c lear the computed va lues

To c lear the computed va lues, e i ther press theon/ reca l l but ton or the memory c lear key. When theon/ reca l l but ton is pressed, the las t measurement wi l l

be d isp layed, and the mernor ized va lues are s tored inthe meter 's memory. When the memory c lear key ispressed, the las t measurement wi l l be d isp layed, andthe memor ized readings are cancel led.

To ca lcu la te an averaged exposure, two readingsmust be memor ized.To ca lcu la te a h igh l ight or shadow exposure, a tleast one reading must be memor ized. l f there isno memor i zed va lue when the h igh l i gh t o r shadowbut ton is pressed, the measured va lue wi l l beautomat ica l ly memor ized and ca lcu la ted.l f two readings have been memor ized, the shadowcalcu la t ion wi l l be based on the lower o f the tworeadings; h igh l ight ca lcu la t ion is based on of theh igher o f the two readings.The ca lcu la ted exposure can be changed manual lyby moving the decrease/ increase cont ro l whi lepress ing the "S" or "H" key (see next page) .

The computed va lues for h igh l ight or shadowexposures cannot be memor ized.Readings must be taken in shut ter -pr ior i ty mode(a t "T lME" se t t i ng ) . Ape r tu re -p r i o r i t y r ead ingscannot be used for comput ing average, h igh l ight ,

or shadow measurements .

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The h igh l i gh t exposu re , wh i ch i s ca l cu la ted by t hemeters g ives an addi t iona l 2 .3 s tops exposure for themeasu red a rea . Manua l ad jus tmen t o f t h i s va lue i s a l soposs ib l e t o mee t i nd i v i dua l needs .

The produce an exposure va lue that p laces thehigh l ight a t the ext reme end of the f i lm 's character is -t ic curve, the measured va lue can be ad justed asfo l l ows :

Whi le press ing the "H" key, move the decrease/increase cont ro l upwards. Refer to the po in ter onthe analog sca le to moni tor the change in exposureva lue. Refer to the d ig i ta l readout on the LCDpanel to check the set t ing.

' I r rJecrease the exposure va lue computed for the

h iqh l i q ! " r t , use t he f o l l ow inq p rocedu re :Whi le press ing the "H" key, move the decrease/increase cont ro l downward and moni tor thechange on t he LCD pane l .

Compu ted Ex lN -2 .O

o{h*c{o,ru prir :n. i t .y (2.0 stops overexposure)

The procedure for ad justed a shadow exposure isbas ica l ly the same as descr ibed for h igh l ight ad just -ment . For more exposure than the computed va lue,

move the decrease/ increase cont ro l upward whi lepress ing the / 'S" key. For less exposure than thecomputed va lue, move the decrease/ increase cont ro ldownward whi le press ing the "S" key.

Computed Ex lN +3.0(3.0 stops underexposure)

Press "H" keyComputed Ex lN -23(2.3 stops overexposure )

Press "S" keyComputed 5a111 +2.7(2.7 stops underexPosure)

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2 . I N C I D E N T - L I G H T M E A S U R E M E N T

Even wi th inc ident - l ight meter ing, i t i s poss ib le toad just the d isp layed reading to b ias the exposureaccord ing to the photographer 's in tent ions. Thefo l lowing are some s i tuat ions where ad just ing theexposure va lue may be usefu l :o When the photographer wants to ad just exposure

to de l iberate ly increase or decrease exposure f romthe normal metered va lue.

. When us ing a f i l te r that requi res exposure com-pensa t i on .

o When us ing a be l lows or c lose-up r ingphotography.

o When us ing t he M ino l t a Boos te r l lBooster.

For increased exposure:To de l iberate ly increase exposure, move

decrease/ increase cont ro l whi le press ing the "H"unt i l the des i red change is ind icated.

For decreased exposure:To de l iberate ly increase exposure, move

decrease/ increase cont ro l whi le press ing the "S"unt i l the des i red change is ind icated.

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Or ig ina l se t t i ngcompensat ion andfo l l ows :

of meter 's h igh l ight or shadowmanual -ad justment range are as

Or ig ina l se t t i ng Manua l -ad jus tmen t

H i g h l i g h t R e f l e c t e d l i g h t -2 .3 s topsrange

-4 to 0 stops( i n 0 . 1 s t o p s )I n c i d e n t l i g h t 0 stop

S h a d o w R e f l e c t e d l i q h t +2 .7 s tops O to 4 stops( in 0 .1 s tops )I n c i d e n t l i g h t 0 stop

Compu ted va lue f o r h i gh l i gh t - o r shadow-p r i o r i t ymethod can be automat ica l ly ad justed whenreceptor is rep laced.Computed va lue is re ta ined un less bat tery isremoved or va lue is reset .When us ing t he M ino l t a Boos te r l l , se t t he com-puted va lue accord ing ly s ince the computed proce-

du re i s based on t he i nc i den t - l i gh t measu remen t .

P R E C H E C K A N D M O N I T O R I N GTECH N IOU ES

When the exposure is computed by press ing the

averag ing, shadow, or h igh l ight key, d ig i ta l readout ishe ld on the LCD panel , and the other measurements

are ind icated by po in ters on the analog sca le . Af ter

the exposure is computed, the measurement wi l l bed isp layed by the analog-sca le po in ter . The photo-

grapher can then ad just th is reading and moni tor theef fect o f changing the exposure set t ings.

H igh l i ght -pr ior i ty method

1 . A f t e r memor i z i ng t he read ing , p ress "H" key t ocompute an exposure for h igh l ight reproduct ion o fthe measured area.

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b .

Take a reading of another spot f rom the samescene. Dig i ta l readout o f computed exposure va luew i l l r ema in t he same . The second read ing w i l l beind icated by the po in ter on the analog sca le .

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The po in ter on the cont rast sca le wi l l ind icate how

the measu red a rea w i l l be appea r on t he f i lm :

A rea w i l l be washed ou t on t he f i lm .

Measured area- -J

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ffi,'."l.-linArea wi l l be reproduced as a midtone va lue.

M e a s u r e d a r e a l

Area wi l l be reproduced as a shadow tone.

Measu red area a

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D I S P L A Y F O R A N A L Y Z E F U N C T I O N

When the normal/an alyze switch is moved to"analyze" pos i t ion, ambient l ight and e lect ron ic f lashcan be d isp layed separate ly by po in ters on the analogsca le . The po in te r s above t he ana log sca le w i l l i nd i -cate the propor t ion o f l ight f rom each l ight sourceaccord ing to the aper ture-shut ter combinat ion in use.

(example)

ln th is example, the readout shows that thed i f ference between ambient l ight and f lash is approx i -mate ly 1 s top, that is , ambient l ight is ha l f as great asf lash (a t 1 /60 sec. and f 12.8 l ' .

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Pointer a : Tota l exposure va lue is ind icated by thepo in t a t "0 " pos i t i on .

Po in te r b : B l i nk i ng po in te r i nd i ca tes p ropo r t i on o ff l ash l i gh t .Po in ter c : Ind icates propor t ion o f ambient l ight .

Ad just rnent o f set t ings wi th analyze funct ionThe re la t ive cont r ibut ions to exposure by ambient

and f lash l ight can be cont ro l led by ad just ing the

shut ter speed, aper ture and/or f lash power . F lashcont r ibut ion can a lso be cont ro l led by changing thef lash- to-subject d is tance, power leve l , or aper ture.

Af ter measurement o f the above scene, the readingwas as f o l l ows . The ma in sub jec t i s i l l um ina ted byboth tungsten lamps and e lect ron ic f lash l ights .

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1 . Mak ing t ungs ten l i gh t t he do rn inan t l i gh t sou rce

Either of trruo methods can be used to increase thepropor t ion o f tungsten l ight .

To i nc rease amoun t o f t ungs ten l i gh t :

Set funct ion se lector to "T lME" pos i t ion and

move decrease/increase control downward to set a

s lower shut ter speed. Dev ia t ion between f lash and

amb ien t l i gh t i s shown .

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To reduce amoun t o f f l ash l i gh t :Move funct ion se lector to "GV" pos i t ion and

move decrease/ increase cont ro l downward to d isp lay

how much the power leve l should be changed. In th is

example, " -2 GV" ind icates that f lash power should

be decreased by two stops or f lash-to-subject distance

shou ld be doub led .

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By us ing e i ther o f these methods, the ra t io o f

f l ash - to - t ungs ten l i gh t can be con t ro l l ed . l f day l i gh t -

ba lanced f i lm were used wi th these set t ings, the

subject would appear reddish, s ince the amount o f

tungsten l ight would be 1.5 s tops greater than that o f

t he f l ash l i gh t . The ape r tu re -shu t t e r comb ina t i on w i l l

be d i f ferent depending on which method is used. Theprefer red method wi l l depend on the ef fec t des i red.

2. How to reduce the amount o f tungsten l ight

E i ther o f two methods can be used to decrease tnepropor t ion o f tungsten l ight .

To decrease amount o f tungsten l ight :

Set funct ion se lector to "T lME" pos i t ion and

move decrease/increase control upward to set a faster

shut ter speed, Dev ia t ion between f lash and ambient

l i gh t i s shown .

I - . ! .4c . ! , . - z . I J - b . 1 . 2 " . 3 . 4 *

ffiTo increase amount o f f lash l ight :

Move funct ion se lector to "GV" pos i t ion andmove decrease/ increase cont ro l upward to ind icatehow much the power leve l should be changed. In th isexample, "+2 GV" ind icates that f lash power shouldbe increased by two stops or f lash-to-subject distancedecreased by one-ha l f .

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By us ing e i ther o f these methods, the ra t io o f

f lash- to- tungsten l ight can be cont ro l led. l f day l ight -

ba lanced f i lm were used wi th these set t ings, the f lash

would be the dominant l ight source and the co lor

ba lance on the subject would appear normal . A lways

select a shut ter speed that is w i th in the camera 's

X-sync range.

M O N I T O R I N G R E A D O U T S O F M E A S U R E M E N T S

Memor ized va lues are s tored in the meter 's mem-ory even when the meter ing method or type ofread ing i s changed .

Af ter tak ing an inc ident - l ight measurement , i t i sposs ib l e t o s imu la te how h igh l i gh t o r shadow a reaswould be exposed by re f lec ted l ight rneasurements :

1 . Take an i nc iden t - l i gh t measu remen t and memo 'r ized the reading by press ing the memory but ton.The measured va lue is memor ized and is ind icatedby the po in ter in the center o f the cont rast sca le .

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2 . Detach the spher ica l d i f fuser and at tach theref lec ted- l ight a t tachment (or V iewf inder 5" or1 0 " 1 1 ) . P r e s s t h e t ' A " k e y . T h e i n c i d e n t - l i g h tmeasu remen t i s now memor i zed and i s i nd i ca tedby the "0" pos i t ion on the cont rast sca le . The

second measurement wi l l ind icated by the po in ter

on t he ana log sca le .

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3. Measure severa l areas that you want to check. Thedig i ta l readout for the inc ident - l ight measurementw i l l be he ld on t he LCD pane l , and po in te r s on t he

analog sca le wi l l ind icate the other measurements .-t

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High l i gh t a rea

Area to be b lacked out

Measured area

Exposed as a shadow areaon the f i lm

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NOTEWhenever you monitor the

must be memorized.r ead ings , one read ing


1 .2 .

D E T E R M I N G L I G H T I N G R A T I O S

The memory funct ion o f the F lash Meter lV canbe used to determine the l ight ing ra t io o f var ious l ight

sou rces . Th i s i s espec ia l l y use fu l when de te rm in ing

lamp- to-subject d is tances for a par t icu lar model ing

e f f ec t . When us ing t he op t i ona l M ino l t a Boos te r l l , i t

i s poss ib le to check the d is t r ibut ion o f l ight across a

camera 's groundglass sur face. To use:

At tach the opt iona l f la t d i f fuser .

Set the measur ing-mode se lector to the requi red

se t t i ng : "AMB l " , "CORD" , o r "NON.C" .

3 . Se t t he f unc t i on se lec to r t o "T lME" pos i t i on .

4 . Se t t he d i sp lay -mode se lec to r t o "Ex lN " pos i t i on .

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6 .

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Whi le ho ld i ng t he me te r a t t he sub jec t pos i t i on ,po in t the meter 's receptor a t the l ight source to bemeasured and press the measur ing but ton to take aread ing .

Press the memory but ton to memor ize the reading.

7 . Take a reading of the l ight source you want tocompare by fo l lowing the same procedure.

l - - . . . . - * ' . ' . '

o The two po in ters cor respond to the two l ightsources that were measured.

| 1 . 4 2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 1 1 5 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 4 9 0 .

Tffi ,: ,., ATBI

t fu r--1 r,'to f-,

t/ \ e,rr,r -f ' L'

Check the d i f ference between the po in ters . Whenthe f -number sca le is d isp layed, the po in ters ind i -cates exposure wi th ha l f -s top accuracy. Us ing thecont rast sca le , quar ter -s top accuracy is ind icated.To check l ight ing ra t ios more prec ise ly , press theon/ reca l l swi tch. The f i rs t read ing wi l l be d isp layedin "Ex lN " s tops on t he LCD pane l . Then , p ress

the on / reca l l bu t t on aga in t o d i sp lay t he "Ex lN "

va lue for the second reading. F ind the d i f ference

between the two readings. Refer to the tab lebelow to determing Approx. l ight ing ra t io .

ffiffi

ffiffiffiffi

Stops dif ference App rox . l i gh t i ng ra t i o

0 . 6 1 . 5 : 11 . 0 2 : 11 . 6 3 : 12.O 4 : 12 . 6 6 : 13.0 8 : 14.0 1 6 : 15 .0 3 2 : 1

DETERMINING GUIDE NUMBERSFOR FLASH

The F lash Meter lV can be used to determine theguide number for the actua l f i lm speed in use.

1. Wi th the des i red f i lm speed set and the measur ing-

mode se lector set for "CORD" or "NON.C"

operat ion, move the d isp lay-mode se lector to

"Ex lN" , then at tach the opt iona l f la t d i f fuser .

2 . Pos i t ion the meter a t a spec i f ic d is tance (e .g ' , 3

meters or 10 feet ) f rom the f lash un i t and po in t

the d i f fuser d i rect ly a t the f lash.

3. Press the measur ing but ton a l l the way in to

activate the meter's circuit . Then, tr igger the f lash

manual ly . Read the d isp layed in format ion in the

formula be low to determine the gu ide number :

r+G N = 1 . 1 4 x L x 2

z

Where L = Flash-to-meter distance

ExampleWith a display reading of "ExlN 10.0" at ISO 100

and a flash-to-meter distance of 1 meter, work thefol lowing equat ion as fo l lows:

1 0

G N = 1 . 1 4 x 1 x 2 '= 1 . 1 4 x 1 x 2 s= 1 . 1 4 x 1 x 3 2= approx. 36.5

',ffi

MEASURING ILLUMINANCE

To measure i l luminance of a continuous l ight source:

1. Set f i lm speed to ISO 100, measur ing mode to"AMB l " , and d i sp lay i nd i ca t i on t o "Ex lN " .

Attach the optional f lat dif fuser.2 . Pos i t ion the d i f fuser para l le l to and as c lose as

poss ib le to the sur face where l ight is to be meas-

ured. Push the meter 's measur ing but ton.3 . Read the "Ex lN " va lue and use i t i n t he f o l l ow ing

fo rmu la :

l ux = 2 .5 x2" ' *

Lux

100,000

10,000

1,000

100

1 0

1o 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 1 4 1 6

lEx lN. l

ExampleWi th a d i sp lay read ing o f "Ex lN 10 .0 " wo rk

the equat ion as fo l lows:

lux = 2.5 x2'* '*= 2 .5 x 21o 'o= 2.5 x 1O24= approx. 2600

NOTEo For precise measurement of i l luminance, use ofthe Mino l ta l l l uminance Meter i s recommended.


I N F R A R E N R F M O T H C O N T F I C L

The lR Receiver -Tr igger is an opt iona l accessory tothe F lash Meter lV for use wi th any camera or lens.Th is un i t rece ives in f rared s ignals f rom the meter tot r igger a f lash un i t when tak ing f lash exposure read-i ngs.

The opt iona l Data Receiver DR-1000 can be usedwi th Mino l ta (MAXXUM) 9000 and 7000 camera forwi re less remote camera cont ro l . When mounted onthe camera's accessory shoe, the Data ReceiverD R-1 000 rece ives in f rared s ignals f rom the F lashMeter lV, thus enabl ing remote cont ro l o f exposureset t ings, f lash f i r ing, and shut ter re lease.

To use e i ther lR Receiver -Tr igger or Data ReceiverDR-1000 , a 6v a l ka l i ne -manganese o r 6 .2v s i l ve r -ox idebat tery must be ins ta l led in bat tery chamber B on theF lash Me te r lV .

The Data Receiver DR- l000 at taches to the camera.

F i r i r r g t he f l ash t o t ake a me te r r ead inE1 . Se t measu r i ng mode to "NON.C" .

2 . Press the measur ing but ton once to act ivate themeter 's c i rcu i t .

lPo in t t he lR t r ansm i t t e r w indow on t he F lashMeter lV a t the Data Receiver DR-1000 and press

the measur ing but ton again to t r igger the f lashu n i t .The f l ash w i l l f i r e , and t he measu remen t w i l l betaken and d isp layed on the meter 's LCD panel .

Wire less data t ransfer :. Push the data t ransmiss ion but ton on the meter .

The shut ter speed and aper ture set t ings d isp layedon the meter wi l l be t ransfer red to the camera.

F/IJ

Hemote shut ter re lease

o For s imul taneous exposure-data t ransfer and

shut ter re lease, po in t the lR t ransmi t ter w indow atthe DR-1000 and press the shut ter - re lease but ton.

The exposure set t ings d isp layed on the meter wi l l

be automat ica l ly t ransfer red to the camera, then

the shut ter wi l l be re leased.

The fo l lc lw ing data can be t ransfer red:Shutter speeds: 1l4OOO sec. to 30 sec. using

Minol ta 90001/2OOO sec. to 30 sec. usingM ino l t a 7000

Aper ture va lues: Any ava i lab le aper ture f rom therange ava i l ab le on t he AF l ens i nuse.

When the transferred data is outside the camera's

shutter-speed or aperture range, exposure is set to thenearest ava i lab le set t ing.

4 .

MEASUR ING.LEVEL ADJUSTER

- 0 l s t o p 0 + O . l s t o p* 0 . 2 s t o p

-f 0 ? qtnn

+ 0 . 4 s t o p

* 0 . 5 s t o p

+ 0 . 6 s t o p

- 0 2 q f n n

- f ) ? c t n n

- 0. 4 stop

- 0 6 q f n n

- 0 .6 stop - 0 . 7 s t o p - 0 B s t o p + 1 0 . 7 s t o p

. Graduated marks ind icate 0 .2 EV changes.The measur ing leve l o f the F lash Meter lV is

ad justed by Mino l ta to i ts s tandard. Fur ther ad just 'ment o f th is set t ing ( f rom +0.7 to -0 .8 EV) is poss ib le

when ca l ibra t ing severa l meters to a s ing le s tandard.To ad just the measur ing leve l , inser t a screwdr iver

in to the s lo t on the measur ing- leve l ad juster 's screwand turn the screw to change i ts sett ing. Turning thescrew c lockwise produces a h igher reading; turn ingcounterc lockwise produces a lower reading.

NOTEo The measur ing leve l should on ly be ad justed af terdetermin ing that the s tandard set t ing wi l l not pro-

duce the des i red resu l ts .

STANDARD ACCESSOR IES

Spherical dif fuserTh i s d i f f use r i s supp l i ed w i t h t he F lash Me te r lV

and is used to make inc ident - l iQht measurements o ff l ash o r con t i nuous l i gh t .

Reflected-l i ght attachment lT -21

For tak ing re f lec ted- l ight measurements o f f lashand/or cont inuous l ight , th is a t tachment can be used.It has a 40o angle of acceptance that corresponds tothe f ie ld o f v iew of most normal lenses.

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Viewfinder 5"This accessory attaches to the receptor head an has

an angle o f acceptance of 5" . When at tached, i t isposs ib le to take prec ise re f lec ted- l ight measurementsof both f lash and ambient l ight .

V iewf inder 10" l lThe Viewf inder 10o l l can also be used for taking

spot measurements. Precise readings are possible byposi t ioning the ci rc le in i ts v iewf inder on the area tobe measured.

F la t d i f fuserBy at tach ing th is d i f fuser , the F lash Meter lV can

be used to measure the l ight ing ra t io between main

and aux i lary l ight sources for e i ther f lash or cont in-

uous l ight sources. l l luminance va lue for cont inuousl ight sources and gu ide number o f e lec t ron ic f lash

uni ts or M-c lass f lash bu lbs can a lso be determined.

Min i ReceptorThis remote ceceptor p lugs in to the socket on the

s ide of the F lash Meter lV 's receptor head and is used

to measure inc ident and/or cont inuous l ight inotherwise inaccess ib le pos i t ions. l t i s par t icu lar ly

usefu l for c lose-up and macro photography.


7I

4X and 8X spher ica l ND d i f fusersBoth o f these spher ica l d i f fusers incorporate a

neut ra l dens i ty e lement , and are used when l ight is

too br ight for normal measurements . Wi th the 4Xdiffuser, the meter's upward range is extended by two

stops (2 EV) ; w i th the 8X, by three s tops (3 EV) .

Operat ion o f the meter remains the same as wi th thestandard spher ica l d i f fuser .

Sync. Cord l lTh is spec ia l cord connects the F lash Meter lV wi th

the f lash un i t and the camera 's sync termina l , thusmaking poss ib le meter - f lash and carnera- f lashsynch ron i zat ion w i thout changi ng con nect ions.

Booster l lWhen p lugged in to the accessory- receptor jack on

the head of the F lash Meter lV, th is separate sensorenables making accurate rneasurements o f br ightnessat an SLR eyepiece, on an SLR focus ing screen orv iew camera groundglass, through the eyepiece of amicroscope, or a t the f i lm p lane of a fu l l - f rame 35mmcamera. The Booster l l may a lso be used for ord inaryd i rect re f lec ted- l ight measurement , w i th an angle o facceptance of upprox. 60o.

Booster l l standard accessories:

35mm fi lm plane attachmentUsed on 35mm SLR cameras, th is a t tachment

permi ts the most accurate measurement o f the l ightreaching the f i lm p lane through the camera lens.

Eyepiece attachmentWhen at tached to the eyepiece of an SLR camera,

th is a t tachment enables l ight measurement a t andaround the center o f the camera 's focus ing screen.

Spot-probe attachmentThe br ightness of l ight on the ground-g lass o f a

v iew camera is measured wi th th is a t tachment . l tpermi ts accurate TTL ca lcu la t ions o f exposure or

l ight cont ract on the subject and e l iminate the needfor exposure ca lcu la t ions when the be l lows is great ly

extended for c lose-up or macro photography.

Microscope receptorThis receptor attaches

for re f lec ted l ight or f lashmicroscopes optics.

to a microscope eyepiecemeasurement through the

:[:

SPECIFICATIONS

Type: Multiple-function exposure meter for measur- Other:ing cont inuous and f lash l ight ; incident- and ref lected- Analyze funct ion for meter ing of mixed (cont in-

l ight readings possible wi th both digi ta l and analog uous and f lash) l ight ;readouts on LCD panel; analyze function for readings/ Aperture-priority measurement for continuouscontrol of cont inuous and f lash l ight ing l ight or f lash;Receptor: Sil icon photocell; receptor head rotates Infrared remote control for any flash unit using27O" opt ional lRReception method: Receiver-Trigger; wireless data transfer via optional

Incident: Spher ical d i f fuser (or other opt ional Data Receiverdi f fusers) , \ DR-1000 for use with Minol ta (MAXXUM) 7000Reflected: 40o-angle reflected-figftt attachment (or and 9000 camerasopt ional Viewf inder 5", Viewf inder 10' l l ) Power source: One AA-size 1.5v alkal ine-manganeseExternal receptors: Opt ional Mini Receptor, or carbon-zinc, 1.2v nickel-cadmium for measurementMinol ta Booster l l and display; one 6v alkal ine-manganese (4LR44,

Flash measur ing ranges at ISO 100: Eveready 537 or equiv.) or 6.2v s i lver-oxide (4SR44,

fncident: f lO.7 to f/90 +0.9 Eveready 544 or equiv.) for infrared data transmis-Reflected: f 11.O to f/90 +0.9 with 40o receptor or sionViewf inder 10o l l ; f l l .4 +0 .2 to f /90 +0 .9 w i th D imens ions :28 x 68 x 153mm (1-118 x2-11116x6Viewf inder So in . )

Cont inuous l ight measur ing ranges at ISO 100: Weight: 2OOg (7-1l16oz. l wi thout batter iesf nc ident : EV -2 to EV 19.5Reflected: EV 1.0 to EV 22.5 with 40o receptor Specifications subject to change without noticeor V iewf inder loo l l ; EV 2 .2 to EV 23.7 w i thViewf inder 5o

Measuring modes:"AMBl" : For cont inuous l igh t read ings"CORD": For electronic f lash, M-class f lashbulbswith or wi thout cont inuous l ight ; using f lashuni t 's sync cord or opt ional Sync Cord l l"NON.C": For electronic f lash with or wi thoutcont inuous l ight ; t r igger cord not required

Cumulative readings: Possible with incident orref lected- l ight readings for cont inuous or f lash l ightRepeatabil ity: 10.1 EVLCD digital readouts/displays:

F-numbers: f lO.7 to f /90 +0.9 in 0.1-stop incre-mentsExposure Index (Ex lN) numbers : -15 .9 to 45 .6 in0.1-stop incrementsShutter speeds: 30 min. to 1/8OOO sec. in l-stop LincrementsFrames per second for movie cameras: 8, 12, 16,18, 24, 32, M; shutter-sector opening of 180oFi lm-speeds: ISO 8 to ISO 6400 in 1/3-stopincrementsNumber of cumulat ive exposures: 0 to 9 (displayslast d ig i t of accumulated readings over 9 exposuresin shutter-pr ior i ty mode)Guide value (GV) numbers: -8 to 8 in l -stopincrements

LCD analog readouts/displays:F-number scale: f l1.O to f /90 ( in 1/2-stop incre-ments)Contrast: -4.0 to 4.O in 1/4-stop increments(1l2-stop increments from -4 to -3 and 3 to 4)Other: Over- and under-range signal , memorymarks (up to two), analyze funct ion indicator


f

CARE AND STORAGE

Do not press on or damage the ind icat ion-d isp laywindow.

Do not subject the meter to shock or vibrat ion.

The meter should never be placed or left in theglove compartment or other places in a motorvehicle, or eleswhere, where i t may be subjectto temperatures h igher than 55oC, or lower than-2O"C, as i t may be permanently damaged.Par t icu lar care should be taken not to leave themeter in sun l ight or near sources of heat such asst rong l ights , e tc . Do not s tore i t in humid p laces,

or near cor ros ive chemica ls .

The Flash Meter lV is designed for use at tempera-tures 50" and -10"C. l f the un i t becomes hot teror co lder than th is , operat ion wi l l be more or lessunsatisfactory.

l f the meter is le f t or p laced in d i rect sun l ight forany long per iod, the ind icat ion-d isp lay windoww i l l t u rn b l ack .

Minollo Comero Co., Lld.

Minolto Comero Hondelsgesellschofl m.b.H.Minolto Fronce S.A.Minollo (UK) LimiledMinolto Auslrio Gesellschoft m.b.H.Minollo Comero Benelux BY.

Belgium BronchMinolto (Schweiz) AGMinolto Slensko ABMinolto Corporofion

Heod OfficeLos Angeles BronchChicogo BronchAllonlo Bronch

Minolto Conodo lnc.Heod OtficeMontreolBronchVoncouver Bronch

Minollo Hong Kong LimiledMinolfo Singopore (Ple) Lld.

When the meter is to be stored, place i t in i tsor ig ina l pack ing, and put i t in an a i r - t ight con-

ta iner wi th an appropr ia te amount o f dehumid i fy -i ng agen t , such as s i l l i ca ge l .

Never attempt to disassembly the unit. Any repairsnecessary should be under taken on ly by an author-ized Mino l ta serv ice fac i l i ty .

The meter body may be wiped with a si l icone-t reated c lo th to c lean i t . Do not a l low a lcohol orchemica ls o f any other k ind to touch i ts sur face.

l f the meter is not to be used for two or moreweeks, i t is advisable to remove the battery.

Other external parts of the meter amy be wipedwi th a s i l i cone- t reated c lo th . A lcohol or o therchemica l so lvents should never be a l lowed to con-tact i t . Never lubricate any part of the meter.

o

, l .t lt lI

30, 2-Chome, Azuchi-Mochi, Higoshi-Ku, 0soko 541, Jopon

Kurt-Fischer-Strosse 50, D-2070 Ahrensburg, West Germony357 bis, rue d'Estienne d'Orves, 92100 Colombes, Froncel-3Tonners Drive, Blokelonds North, Milton Keynes, MKl4 sBU, EnglondAmolienstroBe 59-6.l, I l3l Wien, AustrioZonneboon 39,3606 CH Moorssenbroek, P.B. 264,3600 AG Moorssen,The NetherlondsStenen Brug I l5 - I 17, 2200 Antwerpen, BelgiumRiedhof V Riedstrosse 6, 8953 Dietikon-ZUrich, SwitzerlondBronnkyrkogoton 64, Box I 7074, S-l 0462 Stockholm I Z Sweden

l0l Willioms Drive, Romsey, New Jersey 07446, U S.A.3105 Lomito Boulevord, Torronce, CA 90505, U.S.A.3000 Tollview Drive, Rolling Meodows, lL 60008, U.S.A.5904 Peochtree Corners Eost, Norcross, GA 30071, U S.A

1344 Fewster Drive, Mississougo, Ontorio L4W lA4, Conodo376 rue McMhul Sl Lourent, Quebec H4T lX8, Conodo.l620

W. 6th Avenue, Voncouver, B.C V6J I R3, ConodoRoom 208,2/F, Eostern Centel 1065 Kings Rood, Hong Kongl0,Tebon Gordens Crescent, Singopore 2260

Minolta Flash Meter IV Inst

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