MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly...
-
Upload
caren-carr -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
description
Transcript of MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly...
![Page 1: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MINERALS
CH 5- Miss Kelley
![Page 2: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MINERALOccur naturally
Consistent chemical composition
Solid• Orderly structured= crystalline form
Inorganic chemical composition- lacks C & H• (all living things are made up of carbon)• Inorganic compounds are traditionally
viewed as being synthesized by the agency of geological systems
![Page 3: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EXAMPLES OF MINERALS
• There are over 4900 known mineral species• over 4,660 of these have been approved by the (IMA).
• Silicate minerals compose over 90% of the Earths crust.
Halite, pyrite, hematite, calcite, gold, silver, quartz, feldspar, mica, gypsum, lepidolite, ruby, diamond, topaz, graphite, corundum, fluorite, apatite, clinoclase, stibnite, stillbite, azurite, malachite, copper, garnet, talc, vanadinite, sulfur, kyanite
![Page 4: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Classified as silicates and non silicates
Minerals are mainly oxides & sulfides • strictly inorganic• although they may be of biological origin.
In fact, most of the earth is inorganic
![Page 5: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SILICATESSi & O
Classified based on structure• Is due to different ratios of Si & O • Nesosilicates • sorosilicates • cyclosilicates • inosilicates • phyllosilicates • tectosilicates
![Page 6: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
NON SILICATES
4% of earth’s crust
Don’t contain Si & O• Carbonates• Halides• Native elements• Oxides• Sulfates• sulfides
![Page 7: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE
Atoms are arranged is a repeating geometric pattern
Silicon-oxygen tetrahedral- basic unit of a structured crystalline solid
• (pyramid like)• Arranged about
The center Si
![Page 8: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
OTHER ARRANGEMENTS
6 other kinds
Isolated tetrahedral
Ring silicates
Single chain silicates
Double chain silicates
Sheet silicates
Framework silicates
![Page 9: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ISOLATED TETRAHEDRAL
Doesn’t link with other Si or O
Uses basic silicon-oxygen of the tetrahedron bonds to another atom of a different element
![Page 10: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
RING SILICATES
O bonds with other O atoms creating a circle of tetrahedrons
![Page 11: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SINGLE CHAIN SILICATES
Each tetrahedron is bonded with two others tetradedras
This bond forms between 2 O atoms
![Page 12: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
DOUBLE CHAIN
Two single chains combine
2 bonds with O atoms
![Page 13: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SHEET SILICATES
Each tetrahedron shares 3 Oxygen atoms from another tetrahedron
3 bonds between oxygen atoms
![Page 14: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
FRAME WORK
Each tetrahedron is bonded with 4 tetrahedrons
4 bonds between oxygen atoms
![Page 15: MINERALS CH 5- Miss Kelley. MINERAL Occur naturally Consistent chemical composition Solid Orderly structured= crystalline form Inorganic chemical.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b3f7f8b9ab0599a05b9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
NON MINERALS
Same structure
Without Si