Mine Associated Rehabilitation Projects in the Indian ...Impact of Prevailing Winds - Primary Dune...
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Mine & Associated Rehabilitation Projects in Africa & the Indian Ocean Islands at Large Industrial Scale Application by Roley Nöffke Hydromulch (Pty) Ltd Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa 12/14/17 THE VETIVER NETWORK INTERNATIONAL 1
Transcript of Mine Associated Rehabilitation Projects in the Indian ...Impact of Prevailing Winds - Primary Dune...
Mine & Associated RehabilitationProjects inAfrica & the Indian Ocean
IslandsatLargeIndustrialScaleApplication
byRoley Nöffke
Hydromulch (Pty) LtdJohannesburg,
Republic of South Africa
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Introduction
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Mining and associated rehabilitation projects in Africaand the Indian Ocean Islands have been successfully
implemented jointly under the guidance and auspices of“The Vetiver Network International (TVNI) and the
International Erosion Control Association (IECA) as a resultof the interaction that has developed between the twoorganisations in Africa and on the Indian Ocean Islands.
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Itisrecordedthatpractically95%of the53countriesontheentireAfrican Continent(includingIslands)have successfullyimplementedtheVetiver Systemforsoil&waterconservation overthepast20years. Ashortoverviewofprojectsinthe followingcountriesIllustratecurrentactivitiesusingtheVetiverSystem:
1.DemocraticRepublicofCongo 2.Congo-Brazzaville 3.Congo-PointeNoire/Brazzaville 4.Guinea 5.MadagascarA&B 6.SouthAfrica.
Thesecasestudiesreflectthemajor Stridesthathavebeenachievedin Erosion&sedimentcontrol,bio- Engineering&vegetationrestoration Andtheparticipationoflocal Communitiesingeneral.
Project No. 1 -Selembao Project, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Collapsed bridges and urbanroads preventing access toproperties
Abandoned homes & properties
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The Selembao Construction Site – 2006
Construction commenced in
2004
A world Bank financed project for therehabilitation of the erosion gully in thedistrict of Selembao, Kinshasa, DRC
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A total of 11.5 hectares was planted to Vetiver and thenhydroseeded using locally harvested and commercial seed.
Silted Drains – Cause of excessive surfacewater runoff down side slopes
Vetiver planted Green TerraMesh Walls
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Excessive erosion of the drain in the primary catchment area as a result of under-designed collector drains silting up and displacing storm
water directly onto the unprotected side slopes
Sand Bags inter-planted with Vetiver were used to repair the extensive erosion caused by surface water runoff
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Correct method
Incorrect method
Installation of Sand Bags
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Sand Bag Reinforced & Stabilised Gully
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80,000 Sand Bags were used forthe stabilisation of the erosiongullies. Vetiver grass was plantedinto the Sand Bags.
The project whereTVNI & Hydromulchformed a
established workingrelationshipDr. Paul Truong
Dr. Dale RachmelerEng Alain NdonaRoley Noffke
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Sporadic Fires during the dry season
Recovered Green TerraMesh walls
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Project No.2 - Boukeni Erosion Gully Project, Brazzaville, Congo
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Construction is by a Brazilian Company-ANDRADE Gutierez SA.The consultant Engineers for the project -EGIS-INTERNATIONAL.
Environmental & Bio-Engineering design, supervision andimplementation - Engineer Alain NDONA (TVNI).
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• • • • •
Length of gullies : ± 600 m¹Length of drains or canals : ± 800 m¹, 50-60 meters wide and 20-40 meter deepSurface area planted to Vetiver – ± 36,000 m² per channelPlanting density - 1 m between rows and 10 plants/m¹Vetiver sourced from local community
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Implementation of the Vetiver System on side slopes of Canal Construction
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Vegetated Side Slopes of Concrete Drainage Channel
Engineer Alain NDONA (TVNI)
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Project No. 3 - The Pointe Noire to Brazzaville Highway, Congo
Total length of road: ± 600 kmPlanned to plant 120 million Vetiver, slips sourced
mainly fromCHINA .On site nursery constructed: 5ha .
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Side Slope Rehabilitation in progress
45° slope angle with benching at 10 m intervals on average .
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Highly dispersive and erodible side slope material
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Construction by a Chinese company - China State Construction Engineering Corporation LTD (CSCEC).
The consultant Engineers for the project- EGIS-INTERNATIONAL.Environmental & Bio-Engineering design and supervision - Engineer
Alain NDONA.
1 m¹ between rows and 10 plants/m¹
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Setting out & Planting of vetiver hedge rows
StableSideSlopeEstablishedwithVetiverSystem
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Stable SideSlopeEstablishedwithVetiverSystem
Vetiver Planted to date: 50,000 m¹.
45° slope angle with benching at 10 m intervals on average .
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Project No. 4 - The Rio Tinto Project- Simandou, Guinea
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Rehabilitation of the highest point of Pic du Fon, Simandou, Guinea
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InstallationofBio-EngineeringTechniques&HydroseedingonExplorationSiteforprotectionofchimpanzeehabitat
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Established Vetiver & Hydroseeded Slope
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On-Going Stabilisation work on Access Roads along the Montane area
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Madagascar- Projects
Projects 7 A – Rio Tinto/QMM Ilmenite Mine
Projects 7 B – Sherritt Mining Ambatovy Pipeline
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Local Malagasy Community–TheEmployees
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Project No. 7 A - Ilmenite Project, Madagascar
Ehoala Dune Cut
New Harbour
Quarry
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mine
Vetiver Sources• Vetiver plant material was sourced from surrounding areas withina 50 km radius
• No planting material was imported or introduced from outsideareas
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Community Vetiver Propagation
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• Environmental work Started in 2006 with 15 communities, expanded to 32
• communities by 2008.40 hectares were stabilized and re-vegetated.• 4,000,000 Vetiver plants were propagated & supplied by local
villagers.• Assisted in setting up Vetiver nurseries and provided the necessary
training• of the local communities.
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Planting of Vetiver Grass Hedge Rows on the Ehoala Dune
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Impact of Prevailing Winds - Primary Dune
Prevailing wind direction(In excess of 35 days withintense gusting up to45 knots at times)
Wind Damaged planted areas
Note -Vetiver root system
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Surface Water Runoff control with Vetiver Hedge Rows
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Established & Stable Ehoala Dune – 9 ha in extent
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Project No. 7 B – Ambatovy Project, Moramanga to Tamatave, Madagascar
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Installed Erosion Control Structures & Hydroseeding
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Length of ROW: 220 KilometresArea rehabilitated – 550 hectaresRehabilitation period: 3 yearsVetiver plants & fascines sourcedfrom local communities
Progressive RehabilitationOfPipeline ROW (Right of Way)
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Functional Erosion Control Structures & Established HydroSeeding
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Rehabilitation of extremely difficult
rock sections through mountain terrain- ROW (Right of Way)
Accessible only via access roadsOften inaccessible for up to 2
months due to weather conditionsUnstable cut slopes rehabilitated byVetiver plants & fascines sourced
from local communities
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Rehabilitated fill side slopes & stabilised shoulder break point
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