Mindset Markets Methods Management Money Materials ...€¦ · 08.03.2020 · Kiira Motors...

PB 1 8M Construction Digest Volume 5 Issue 1 March/April 2020 8M Construction Digest Volume 5 Issue 1 March/April 2020Page Page

ISBN: 978-9970-9499-1-5 VOLUME 5 | ISSUE 1 | MARCH/APRIL 2020

Mindset Markets Methods Management Money Materials Manpower Machinery

NOT FOR SALE

Design & Construction of theKinawataka Ultra-ModernSewerage Treatment PlantPromotion of local content in the works & transport sector by Ministry of Works & Transport

Establishment of Kiira Vehicle Plant by Kiira Motors Corporation

My humble journey to becoming an Engineer by Eng Darlington Sakwa

Ministry of Works and Transport

2 1 8M Construction Digest Volume 5 Issue 1 March/April 2020 8M Construction Digest Volume 5 Issue 1 March/April 2020Page Page

8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019Page Page

National Building Review Board PRESS RELEASESafety Welding Hazards TO WATCH

Walling using CONCRETE BLOCKS

8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019 Page Page

VOLUME 4 | ISSUE 4 | OCTOBER 2019

8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019 8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019Page Page

INTERVIEW

1Visit www.8mconstructiondigest.com

ISBN: 978-9970-9499-1-5 NOT FOR SALEVOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3 | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER - 2017

Mindset Markets Methods Management Money Materials Manpower Machinery

KYAMBADDE SPEAKS OUT ON UDCMwesigwa on proper procurement of massive projects

Dr Alice Nabatanzi: Use plant chemistry in construction

Innovation: Bwengye using gravity to produce electricity

Mutenyo on USMID in construction

UGANDA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019 8M Construction Digest Volume 4 Issue 4 October 2019Page Page

VOLUME 4 | ISSUE 4 | OCTOBER 2019 NOT FOR SALE

Appropriate

HOMES

National Building Review Board PRESS RELEASESafety Welding Hazards TO WATCH

Walling using CONCRETE BLOCKS

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Contents

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3|4|

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10|

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16|

18|

36|37|

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Page 21 - Terrain Plant LimitedSupplements/advertorialsPage 10 - Ministry of Works & TransportPage 08 - Kiira Motors CorporationPage 20 - National Water & Sewerage CorporationInsideback cover - Merabu Homes

ADVERTISERS’ INDEX

From the Chairman Eng Hans JWB Mwesigwa

26|

2| EditorialSamuel Hadido

News and EventsOutgoing events, and upcoming events

The good, the bad and the ugly of space use in architectureCynthia Clare Mukyala

My humble journey to becoming an engineer Eng Darlington Sakwa

Appropriate HomesSheena Kabalihira & Evelyn Kabede

TRAILBLAZING 8M Information Forum

What gets measured gets improvedArch Verna Mbabazi

Design & Construction of the Kinawataka Ultra-Modern Sewerage Treatment Plant NWSC

Establishment of Kiira Vehicle PlantKiira Motors Corporation

Promotion of local content in the works & transport sectorMinistry of Works & Transport

Average costs of personal protective equipment and tools, Angella Naluwenda

Dayworks in construction Angella Naluwenda

Roles of engineers in combating locust invasion Dr John Bahana

34|36|

Ventilation in buildingsAngella Naluwenda

Average market construction prices and cost indices for selected tiles Angella Naluwenda

30| Making concrete blocks at sites is better skilling & development Eng Dr Apollo Buregyeya

14| Lower the construction cost in Uganda Nicklison Twinamatsiko

20

16

8

Design & Construction of the Kinawataka Ultra-Modern Sewerage Treatment Plant

Eng Darlington Sakwa;My humble journey to becoming an engineer

Establishment of Kiira Vehicle Plant


8M Construction Digest is a bi-monthly magazine and is widely circulated to governmental bodies, institutions of learning, pro-fessionals in the building and construction industry as well as manufacturers and suppliers of construction related materials, insurance companies, transport and logistics players, real estate developers, Ugandans in diaspora, and the general public. The editor welcomes articles and photographs for consideration. Materials may not be reproduced without prior permission from the publisher.

The publisher does not accept responsibility for any inaccuracy or authenticity of advertisements or contributions contained in the digest. Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the publisher.

c

Disclaimer:

Find us at:

8M CONSTRUCTION DIGEST,Plot 8 Wamala Avenue, Mukalazi Zone, Bukoto, Kampala, UgandaTel: +256 772431465, +256782994557Email: [email protected]: www.8mdigest.com

The editor accepts letters and manuscripts for publication from readers all over the world. Please include your name and address as a sign of goodwill. However, you may request your name to be withheld from publication. We reserve the right to edit any material submitted. Send your letters to: [email protected]

Samuel Hadido Editor

ChairmanEng Hans JWB Mwesigwa

EditorSamuel Hadido

Design, Layout & IllustrationsMiracle Arikiza

Public RelationsSheena Kabalihira

Engineering, Advertising & MarketingMoses Muwaya (Graduate Engineer)Martha Ninsiima (Graduate Engineer)

Finance & AdministrationMoreen Tumwebaze

Distribution & Staff Writers8M Construction Digest Staff

I.T. & WebsiteInfosec Technologies Limited

Guest & Contributing WritersArch Verna MbabaziCynthia Clare Mukya (Architect)Angella Naluwenda (Quantity Surveyor)Nicklison TwinamatsikoDr. Jonh Bahana

8M Construction Digest

@8MDigest

8M Construction Digest

All rights reserved.

At the Digest we believe in the 8Ms of productivity: mindset, markets, methods, management, money, materials, manpower and machinery. All these interplay, giving rise to innovation which brings about a new world, built on the old. All inventions come from innovation. Think of cars (ordinary, intelligent, and even flying ones soon), phones,

Boeing, Microsoft, Amazon, drones that carry out missions in various parts of the world, new drugs and vaccines to fight epidemics like COVID-19, etc.

For that reason, this issue revolves around innovation. We have highlighted Eng Darlington Sakwa, a foremost electrical and electronic engineer in Uganda and the region. We let him tell in his own words, “My humble journey to becoming an engineer,” what he has gone through to scale the heights of the profession. He will narrate his journey in several parts – from the time he was born to date. Why is he a rare breed in knowledge, thoroughness, professionalism and output?

There are more articles. Did you know that Ugandans are on their way to assemble vehicles like the KIIRA EV, ‘made in Uganda’? A journey of one thousand miles begins with a single step. Read about the small step of the KIIRA MOTORS CORPORATION, an industrial vehicle-assembly plant kick-started by the Uganda Government-with-Makerere University to be housed on the 100-acre Jinja Industrial Park at the source of the Nile.

There is architect Cynthia Mukyala with her ‘Space Use in Architecture.’ She will be critiquing local architectural designs in terms of innovative use of space. In this article, she shows you that a poor design can be a waste of the developer’s investment, let alone a source of frustration to users.

More articles still. There is controversy about local companies not being able to access large projects usually won by multinational corporations. In this issue, we hear straight from the horse’s mouth – the Ministry of Works and Transport – about the rationale for local content, i.e. the objectives, strategies and implementation framework of local content.

Then Nicklinson Twinamatsiko, a civil engineer, considers the causes and consequencies of high costs of construction in Uganda and the possible interventions to bring them down. And the management of National Water and Sewerage Corporation explains how they use innovation to make the hygiene, health, safety and environment of Kampala City good and worth taxpayers’ money in the “Design and Construction of the Kinawataka Ultra-Modern Sewerage Treatment Plant”.

You would think that ‘catching locusts in their heinous act’ is not a business of engineers. Read ‘The role of engineers in combating locusts invasion’ by Dr John Bahana, an insect scientist of repute.

There are regular articles like ‘Trailblazing’, Angella Naluwenda’s ‘Construction costs and indices’, and so forth.

Till next issue, good bye.

INNOVATE, INNOVATE, INNOVATE


Our Mission

Our Strategic Goal

Our Strategic Objective

8M Construction Digest continues to research for and publish engineering infrastructure and construction related information for grassroots social, economic and technological development. And we debate it!

To research and communicate construction and engineering information for Uganda’s grassroots development.

To research for information, compile and store it, package and design it into magazines and documentaries, and spread it using the print and electronic media, music, dance and drama.

To expand everyone’s business in the engineering and construction industry using innovative and professional technical journalism, thus causing Uganda’s grassroots development

8M CONSTRUCTION DIGEST IS THE TRUMPET OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPERS

On the “News and Events” page, we inform that UNESCO declared every 4th March day of the

year a World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development. We are in support of the engineers who use engineering to lead in sustainable development.

In a similar vein, the Uganda Institution of Professional Engineers (UIPE) in association with 8M Construction Digest is undertaking a unique Skills’ and Careers’ Guidance project that will sensitise secondary school students, teachers, parents and local leaders on how the youth can choose future careers.

Kiira Motors is roaring the engines of its Kayoola Bus everywhere, using electricity!

8M CD is taking part in the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) Training in auditing and in Geosynthetics and Soil Reinforcement in Construction Works.

And our 25th Anniversary of existence as researchers and communicators of engineering and construction information for development is around the corner: 10th to 12th June, 2020 in Kampala.

This is testimony that we are doing our “Orubimbi”, our due yardstick or share in the development of Uganda by publishing.

In this issue, we have continued to publish articles that enlighten you, dear reader, about infrastructure and construction-related information for social, economic and technological development. And that continues to be our aim.

From the Chairman: Eng Hans JWB Mwesigwa, MScEng; MUIPE; Reg Eng; Tel.: +256 772 431 465. [email protected], [email protected] www.8mdigest.com

Read us, research and act to develop Uganda’s construction industry! Read, learn and use the 8Ms for success in construction and any business: Mindset, Markets,

Methods, Management, Money, Materials, Manpower and Machinery.

Engineers should use engineering to lead in

SUPPORT US TO SUPPORT YOU!

sustainable development

INNOVATE, INNOVATE, INNOVATE


Briefs & Events8M

UNESCO declared every 4th March World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development. Various branches of UIPE commemorated the day with activities. The Arua branch, led by Eng Jimmy Biyomoth, mobilised the town. The engineers were supported by the Arua RDC, Mr Oyaa Nahori Awua,

who pledged government’s airtime to sensitise the public about engineering activities using the five radio stations of the region.

It would be cost-effective for the Engineers Registration Board (ERB) and UIPE to observe this day by combining the major engineering

activities by both. UIPE holds an annual National Technology Conference (NTC) around April while ERB holds the Engineers Forum between September and December every year.

WORLD ENGINEERING DAY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

INFRASTRUCTURE

INTERNATIONAL

The construction of the Kiira Vehicle Assembling Plant at Kagogwa village, Kakira Town Council in Jinja District handled by the National Enterprises Corporation, the UPDF’s business wing has taken shape.

SPEAKER VISITS THE KIIRA VEHICLE ASSEMBLING PLANT

THE KIIRA VEHICLE ASSEMBLING PLANT TAKING SHAPE

In 2014, Uganda Investment Authority commissioned two companies – Kiira Motors Corporation and China Engineering Limited to start car production by 2018. However, this deadline passed before achieving the

target due to challenges linked to funding and technology.

The vehicle assembling plant will include a 6,000 square metre assembly shop, a 3,000 square metre multi-purpose warehouse, a 1,200 square metre plant office, vehicle test facilities, a waste management facility, a car park, a stormwater channel, an energy centre, a main gate, a 3.6km perimeter fence and three gates, among others.

The National Enterprise Corporation (NEC), the commercial arm of the UPDF, last year undertook to manufacture the Kiira EV vehicle for sale.

“NEC through one of its subsidiaries-NEC Construction Works and Engineering Ltd and utilizing UPDF engineers who have since developed the capacity for engineering construction and civil works, will be engaged by the KMC for the construction of the Kiira Vehicle plant,” a statement from the Uganda army’s commercial arm.

Speaker Hon Rebecca Kadaga (first left, front) visited the Kiira Vehicle Plant site in Mutai Village, Jinja District, accompanied by the Minister for Science Technology and Innovation, Hon Elioda Tumwesigye (right, front) on 13 March, 2020. The Speaker took the Kayoola EVS (Electric Vehicle System) bus to the site.

Speaker Hon Rebecca Kadaga (in a maroon dress) at the Kiira Vehicle Plant site

The plant under construction


Briefs & Events 8M

8M Construction Digest (8M CD) will celebrate its silver jubilee from 10th to 12th June 2020 in Kampala. Launched in September 1995, 8M CD started as 7M Construction Magazine (7M CM), based on 7M factors of markets, methods, management, money, materials, manpower and machinery. With the addition of mindset, the 7M CM rebranded to 8M Construction Digest in June 2016. On the menu will be three days of discussing “The role of Technical Professionals in improving VfM Infrastructure” Policymakers, professionals, the business community, higher institutions of learning will attend.His Excellency President Yoweri Museveni is expected to be the Guest of Honour. For details, contact Hans 0772431465, Miracle 0782994557 OR [email protected]. www.8mdigest.com.

The Uganda Institution of Professional Engineers (UIPE) held a consultative meeting with stakeholders to plan and implement the Skills and Careers Guidance Project on 30th January 2020 at Kembabazi Restaurant, Naguru, Kampala. The UIPE President, Eng Vincent Ochwo Ollie, briefed stakeholders about the two-year

programme that will sensitise secondary school students, teachers, parents and local leaders on how the youth can choose future skills and careers. The 8M Construction Digest Ltd, whose chief executive is Eng Hans JWB Mwesigwa is the agent for this project.

The Uganda Institution of Professional Engineers (UIPE) held a Continuous Professional Development (CPD) training with over 200 stakeholders, mostly engineers, from many professions in Uganda from 26th to 28th February 2020 at Eureka Place Hotel in Kampala. Eng Hans JWB Mwesigwa, a Past President of UIPE and MD of 8M

Construction Digest Ltd, presented a paper on the topic “Technical, Financial and Value-for-Money Audit”. Eng Ben Ssebbugga Kimeze, also a UIPE Past President, was the discussant. The UIPE President, Eng Vincent Ochwo Ollie, opened and closed the training.

UIPE-CPD TRAINING

SILVER JUBILEE FOR8M CONSTRUCTION DIGEST

SKILLS AND CAREERS GUIDANCE PROJECT

8M SYMPOSIUM AT THE KIIRA MOTORS CORPORATION, JINJA

SYMPOSIUM

TRAINING

CAREER GUIDANCE

SYMPOSIUM

The theme of the conference is “Unlocking the creative potential of the African Nation.” This conference will bring together the African artists both in the continent and in the diaspora to see how they can use arts as a discipline to develop Africa. In addition, it will help Africans in the continent and those in the diaspora to get connected and know the opportunities for the artists in the world. The topics will include: “Digital Arts in Africa and the world,” “What avenues can artists use to influence their impact?” “Where do you see the Arts in next 50 years?” “History of the Arts,” “Role of Arts in developing the economy of Africa.”

The conference will take place on 24 - 28 March 2020 at Makerere University College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Kampala, Uganda.

AfrAA CONFERENCE UGANDA

CONFERENCE

All roads from Kampala lead to Jinja on 21Mar2020: 70 Members of 8M Information Forum, most of them engineers, will be driven in 2 of those elegant sleek Kayoola EMV buses

Eng. Hans JWB Mwesigwa making a presentation during the training. UIPE courtesy photo

Eng. Ben Kyemba, UIPE vice president and in-charge of career guidance, makes his presentation Photo by 8MCD

from Kampala, courtesy of Kiira Motors Corporation management. They will meet another 30 in Jinja and enjoy an educational tour of the KMC site, where the production of “vehicles

made in Uganda” is in high gear. The CEO, Eng Paul Musasizi, will quench their thirst for information by detailing our prospects in a talk.

1995-2020

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.8mdigest.com


Architecture is an art of movement as much as it is an art of stasis; though buildings stand still, we must move through them to understand them.

The good, the bad and the ugly of

SPACE USE IN ARCHITECTUREA Movement for Better Design

A design exposé as written and designed by: Cynthia Clare Mukyala Architectural Design Assistant, Email: [email protected]

The image below illustrates the layout of the space. Patricks Room

A good architect makes places rather than creates spaces. Apart from meeting individual preferences and personalised needs, spaces should also meet basic standards such as spatial comfort, thermal comfort, sound insulation, logical flow and function as well as environmental

sustainability. Even if such aspects determine whether a space is habitable, there are other aspects such as size, proportion, scale, relation to outdoor environment, ornaments, colour, and texture which impact our mental state and behaviour.

Paul Goldberger, Architecture Critic

Whether we like it or not, the spaces in which we dwell influence, change, mould and

direct our behaviour. A good space is one in which we have a sense of belonging, cultivated through identity and experience. Spaces with physical attributes or characteristics that we can identify with improve our experiences, making us attached to them. They become spaces we always long to go to—they become ‘our place’.


Improved layout of Patrick’s room in the Kanungu hotel

This column identifies the good, bad and ugly spaces around the country and points out what could be done right with the aim of promoting accountability and appreciation in the design profession.

In this edition, we are going to look at a particularly uncomfortable hotel room in western Uganda that one Patrick Kato booked into over Christmas for business. A hotel is not just a place where people stop along the road to sleep until they are ready to go again. Hotels provide places for people to settle in and establish a temporary home (Dkor Interiors). Therefore, a comfortable, clean and quiet place is paramount.

While having a chat with old friends over a drink in town, the friends recommended to Patrick one of the ‘best’ hotels town. When he arrived at the hotel, he was disappointed to find the room in such a state, considering that the hotel was supposed to be the best. The room was cramped to the point of suffocation and he wondered how it crossed anyone’s mind that a human being could live in such a space. He instantly regretted his choice; but having chatted with his friends till late in the night, he had nowhere else to go.

As he entered through the small corridor which thankfully had storage space, he placed his bags there and then moved to the bedroom. The bed in the room was quite huge. It was so big that it took up almost all the space, leaving Patrick with no space to move around.

Nevertheless, he fell into the bed for rest; as he tried to rest, he noticed that there was a door on the other side of the room. He sprang up hoping to get some relief on a balcony. To his disappointment, when he opened the door, it only led to a splash apron closed off by a bed of flowers. Looking out further into the open space, he

saw nothing more than a palm tree in the lawn. So, he wondered why in hell, there would be a door leading outside if it led to nothing! Anyway, he went back and decided to take a bath. On opening the bathroom, the door almost bumped into the sink; he found the space so cramped that even the bathtub could not accommodate him.

On waking up in the morning, he felt he needed to get some fresh air in the room only to realise there was no window. He was not surprised. The hotel had consistently disappointed him. He proceeded to order room service using the phone that was placed on the table and realised he could not even sit at the table to make the call because the space was too small! Having further business in town, Patrick decided to pack up his bags and go to another hotel.

Being into real estate, Patrick is an ardent reader of 8M Digest. He wrote a rant to the editor about what he had gone through in the hope that other hoteliers would think carefully about the spaces they provide. Cynthia, a budding architect working with the 8M editorial team, took it upon herself to dissect the layout and point out various issues that could have made the room uncomfortable. She also suggested several ways in which the space could be improved and developed a modified comprehensive design.

It is important for designers to put into serious consideration the ergonomics, scales and proportions of a space and that was the key issue that caused problems in this hotel. The space provided should be appropriate for the activities it will house.

In the drawing, Cynthia proposes that at the entrance, the foyer should have been wider to make the space more welcoming for Patrick. The bathroom size should have been made larger

Methods 8M

to accommodate all the fittings and space for good circulation. The bedroom should have been given more space for ample circulation in the sleeping area, the TV and the reading/dining area. A window is added to the room for better ventilation and daylight. To eliminate the redundancy of the bedroom door, a semi-enclosed balcony leading into appropriately landscaped gardens would have been added.

Having appropriately landscaped gardens would make the empty green lawn more useful. Adding trees, shrubs and seating areas such as the ones shown in the images gives the space visual diversity which builds curiosity in people’s minds pulling them in to take a walk around the space. The space now becomes a place.

With these suggestions, Patrick would have had a wonderful experience walking through a wide foyer that leads into a comfortable bedroom with space for him to do his work on the laptop as well as take a breeze outside on the balcony while sipping a cup of tea. The landscaped gardens would serve as a beautiful escape from the enclosure of his room.

It is imperative for design professionals to put into serious consideration the needs and experiences of the people that will use a space so that the spaces have a logical flow pattern, satisfy user needs and provide an enriching experience. This is why it is important to consult trained professionals to get the best outcome of a space.

Your comments, questions, feedback and contributions to the Good, the Bad and the Ugly space are welcome at: [email protected] and [email protected]; Tel.: 0772431465


Kiira Motors Corporation (KMC) is a state enterprise established to champion value addition in the nascent domestic automotive industry for job creation and diversification of the economy. Uganda aspires for economic

transformation to an upper-middle income economy by 2040 with industrialization as the foundation of this vision. The medium-term goal is the construction and launching into operation of the Kiira Vehicle Plant by July 2022 through technology transfer partnerships with seasoned automotive industry actors.

The equity partners are the Government of the Republic of Uganda represented by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (96%) and Makerere University (4%). The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation is mandated to establish the governance and management structures of KMC and provide policy guidance and oversight to the nascent automotive industry in Uganda.

The Government of Uganda recognizes the fact that the market entry strategy to industrial take-off is the assembly of vehicles (starting with buses) and technology transfer with reputable automotive industry actors. Furthermore,

it is well aware that all this goes hand in hand with progressive enhancement of the domestic value addition in the automotive industry by exploring sustainable multi-sectoral backward, forward and lateral linkages with Mineral, Agriculture, Industry, ICT and Transport sectors for local content participation.

Consequently, through the Uganda Investment Authority, the Government allocated 100 acres of land in the Jinja Industrial and Business Park for setting up the Kiira Vehicle Plant. Construction started on 12th February 2019. By 1st March 2020 progress stood at 40% of the start-up facilities comprising of the following: (a) 40,000 sq. m. of production facilities which have a capacity of 5,000 vehicles per year starting with buses; (b) 12 km of access and in-plant circulation roads; (c) 3.6 km of fence; and (d) 1.7 km of open storm-water channel for site drainage. The construction works undertaken by the UPDF through the National Enterprise Corporation are scheduled to be completed in June 2021.

Working together, the Kiira Motors Corporation and the China High-Tech Corporation have jointly developed the Kayoola EVS Bus, a fully electric low-floor city bus with a

KIIRA VEHICLE PLANTESTABLISHMENT OF THE


range of 300 km on a single charge and a 560AH battery bank, chargeable in 1.5 hours using a 200KW super charger. With a sitting capacity of up to 90 passengers, the Kayoola EVS is positioned to offer great returns for the bus operator while enabling the reduction in congestion on the city roads. One bus was jointly built in China at the China High-Tech Corporation Facility by engineers from KMC. The second bus was built by a joint team of the KMC and the National Enterprise Corporation staff at the Luweero Industries in Nakasongola. The two buses are in use, providing select shuttle services.

The Kayoola EVS is fitted with state-of-the-art safety and assistive technology for people with special needs: the technology includes special seats and a ramp for easy boarding and off-boarding of people in wheelchairs. It is premised to facilitate a total sustainable mass mobility solution for urban centres in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The multi-sectoral taskforce commissioned by the Ministry of

Science, Technology and Innovation has drafted the Regulatory Impact Assessment of the automotive industry in Uganda and developed a Draft Automotive Industry Policy. The goal of the policy is to achieve 20% value added to the automotive industry in Uganda by 2030 up

From Left: Mr Albert Akovuku, Director Production; Paul Isaac Musasizi, CEO; Hon Prof Sandy Stevens Tickodri-Togboa, Executive Chairman; Mr. Hoa Ru who introduced KMC to the Chinese Auto Industry; Mr Arthur Tumusiime Asiimwe, Director Operations. Photo by KMC Management 2019

from the estimated 0.18% in 2019. Under NDP III, the ministry plans to establish a comprehensive Automotive Industry and Technology Park on over two square miles of land to support vehicle assembly, parts manufacturing, vehicle testing facilities, automotive recycling facilities, and the requisite social amenities.

The Government’s strategic investment in the Kiira Vehicle Plant is expected to create over 14,000 jobs directly and indirectly; catalyze upstream investment in the manufacture of auto-parts from bamboo, steel, banana fibre, etc; and affirm Uganda’s commitment to local content participation as an enabler of industrialization along with enhanced environmental stewardship.

Progress on the construction of the Kiira Vehicle Plant Start-Up Facilities. Photo by KMC Management 2020

The Kayoola EVS. Photo by KMC Management 2019


Ministry of Works and Transport Supplement8M

INTRODUCTION

The local construction industry is faced with many problems ranging from lack of management and technical capacity to lack of access to credit facilities and work. For example, the recent trend

in Uganda’s construction industry shows that nearly all big construction projects are not executed by local contractors because of their level of competitiveness. The trend has resulted in the local contractors leaving large construction projects to international contractors and consultants rather than to progressively exhibiting local capacity in the construction industry, thereby building self-sustenance in the field and overall development of the nation.

The construction industry is a vital socio-economic sector which nurtures most of the other sectors of the economy as it transforms various resources into the physical, economic and social infrastructure necessary for the overall development. The industry creates the infrastructure that is central to the country’s economic development through activities that provide business to the suppliers, manufacturers, contractors besides offering employment to professionals and labour whether skilled or unskilled.

Increasing the input of local labour, goods and services (local content) in the delivery of infrastructure in Uganda could therefore make a major contribution to economic growth. At the same time it would open up opportunities for the poor to participate in the growth process through the creation of jobs in the construction and supply industries.

This article focuses on promoting local content as a policy objective for Uganda’s national construction industry, 2020. It provides detailed options for action to address the challenges and promote local content in the construction industry.

BACKGROUNDThe immediate benefits and development results of the successful implementation of a local content policy include, among others: more employment in the construction and supply industries, opportunities for local consultants, increased work for local contractors and market openings for suppliers of materials and components. Furthermore, the contributions to development outcomes include growth, poverty alleviation and more sustainable infrastructure services. Therefore to promote local content in the sector, there is need

to implement various measures to ensure that local contractors and consultants are effectively involved in service delivery.

The Government developed Uganda’s National Construction Industry Policy in 2010, which seeks to improve coordination, regulation and development of a sector that remains fragmented and largely dependent on foreign contractors and consultants. The policy, with specific objectives and related actions, is in line with the policy on local capacity building and privatization, which policy includes the following:

a) Harmonising the roles and responsibilities of the public and private sectors;

b) Regulating the industry;c) Strengthening local capacity and supporting

participation of local entities; andd) Increasing access to equipment, credit and work for

local contractors and consultants;e) Promoting the use of labour-based new technologies;f) Increasing participation of marginalised groups; andg) Supporting sustainable development.

OBJECTIVESThe strategic objectives for promoting local content are:

a) Increasing employment opportunities throughout the construction supply chain;

b) Creating opportunities for local contractors and consultants;

c) Increasing work for local contractors;

d) Creating market openings for locally produced construction materials;

e) Deliberate utilization of Ugandan human and material resources and related services;

f) Ensure an acceptable degree of local participation, control and financing by citizens in any joint venture arrangement that promotes and enables the optimal use of the human resources, materials and services;

g) To comply with the PPDA procurement guidelines as issued in March 2017 in accordance with the PPDA Act 2003, and provide for consideration of national preference and reservation schemes that cater for mainstreaming local content agenda during procurement of service providers; and

h) To ensure that quality is not compromised but enhanced in accordance with best practices in industry and international standards.

PROMOTION OF LOCAL CONTENTIN THE WORKS AND TRANSPORT SECTOR


News & Events 8M

PROPOSED STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTION OF LOCAL CONTENTDevelopment of professional workforce in the public and private sectors for contract planning, financing, procurement, implementation and monitoring, will improve quality and efficiency leading to better value for money in the private and public sector construction projects.

National Reservation SchemePPDA issued Guideline No. 1/2018 on 15 February 2018 on the National Reservation Scheme to promote local content in public procurement. The thresholds applicable for reservation to local and resident contractors is as follows:

a) Roadworks up to Shs45 billion;

b) Other public works up to Shs10 billion; and

c) At least 30% of the value of works through subcontracting for roadworks above on estimated cost of Shs45 billion, where the bidder is not a local or resident contractor.

The reservation scheme is currently being implemented in the sector. In Financial Year 2018/19, UNRA awarded contracts worth Shs736.9 billion to national and resident providers, representing 28% by value of the contracts signed.

Classification and registration of contractorsClassification and registration of contractors is seen as one of the most tangible ways of promoting transparency and fair competition in procurement of works, goods and services in the construction industry. It should, therefore, be implemented in haste in accordance with the relevant provisions in the National Construction Industry Policy. A

Contractor Registration and Classification register has been developed. It is intended to become the pre-qualification list for all contractors bidding for roadworks.

Establishment of centres of excellence for training engineers, technicians, craftsmen, mechanics, plant operators, consultants and contractorsGovernment shall set up specialized training centres/vocational institutions to:

a) Conduct training for heavy plant/equipment operators and mechanics, craftsmen/artisans (welders, bricklayers, masons, wiremen, carpenters, plumbers, etc);

b) Provide training for road inspectors, overseers, foremen, road-surfacing specialists and supervisors;

c) Provide courses to improve technical, management and supervisory skills for technical personnel in the construction industry; and

d) Offer courses in research and consultancy for professionals in construction.

Establishment of construction equipment guarantee fundThe Government shall establish a revolving equipment guarantee fund for five consecutive financial years for financing of domestic contractors who have benefited from the reservation/preference schemes to enable them

The Nothern Bypass under construction. (Photo adpated from the internet)


acquire additional essential road equipment.

Establishment of a plant hire pool The Government plans to engage a private investor to establish a plant hire pool to let out construction equipment to contractors at affordable prices.

Affirmative road development pilot projectsIn order to build the capacity of local contractors in tarmacking roads, the Government shall task the Uganda National Roads Authority to procure five (5) domestic contractors with previous experience to execute roadworks on sections of 10 km each using direct procurement based on negotiated rates, under direct supervision of selected consultants for a period not exceeding two years.

Contractors, who exhibit very good performance on the first 10km sections, shall be awarded other sections of 10km each, for contract periods not exceeding two years.

The project shall run for 4-5 years, after which the contractors are expected to have gained enough experience to be able to compete for tenders for tarmacking of roads with the foreign contractors.

Establishment of special purpose company/vehicles (SPV) The Government shall request local contractors to team up and form special purpose vehicles (SPVs) for purposes of executing road tarmacking contracts. A maximum of five (5) such SPVs shall be formed and each awarded a contract to tarmac 10 km of road under the direct supervision of selected and very experienced local consultancy firms.

The contractors shall be procured using direct procurement and the contracts awarded based on negotiated unit rates. Upon successful completion of two such contracts, the local contractors shall be encouraged to tender individually for road upgrading works funded by the Government of Uganda.

Timely payment to contractors The Government shall settle all payments due to contractors within the time-lines specified in the contracts. This measure will, to a large extent, improve the cash flow of contractors, improve their profit margins by minimizing bank interest charges and promote better service delivery.

In addition, all parties in a contract shall always ensure strict adherence to their respective contractual responsibilities

and obligations.

Promotion of large-scale production of vital construction materials Government shall support capable private sector firms to specialize in production of road materials on a large scale, preferably at regional centres. Such arrangements will improve on timely delivery of quality construction materials to construction sites at relatively cheaper costs. The construction materials shall include stone chippings, stone aggregates, crushed stone products, sand, concrete products and asphalt concrete.

This strategy is aimed at getting rid of the current practice of producing construction materials on project basis, which is expensive because of the high set-up and demobilization

costs that are charged on one project.

BENEFITS OF PROMOTING LOCAL CONTENT AGENDA There are a number of benefits that are anticipated to accrue from the enforcement of the local content agenda, and these include:

a) The growth of domestic companies;

b) The retention of construction-related profits;

c) Capacity building and skills development in the construction industry that will lead to high-quality infrastructure and the ability to maintain it; and

d) The creation of employment opportunities in the construction industry.

IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORKThe implementation of the local content agenda shall, amongst others, entail partnership, collaboration, and support to relevant institutions.

The Ministry of Works and Transport shall carry out its mandate of ensuring standards, specifications and regulations are adhered to as well as coordination, monitoring and evaluation. The Uganda National Road Authority (UNRA) shall implement the affirmative road development projects.

The Ministry of Education and Sports shall then establish the centres of excellence for training engineers, technicians, craftsmen, mechanics, plant operators, consultants and contractors as well as providing support to the existing training centres and vocational institutes.

PPDA shall approve the use of direct procurement and uniform unit rates in the implementation of affirmative road projects.

UNABCEC and UACE shall mobilize their members to ensure that they benefit from the implementation of the strategies.

7.0 CURRENT PROGRESS

The concept paper was developed by the Ministry of Works and discussed with all stakeholders by September, 2017.

A draft Cabinet Memo seeking the approval of the implementation of these strategies by Cabinet was prepared by February, 2018.

Consultation with the Ministry of Education in regard to the proposal of establishing centres of excellence is ongoing and expected to be concluded by February, 2020.

The process of issuance of a certificate of financial implications by the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development is expected to be concluded by April 2020 (estimated budget is UGX 904 billion over 5 years) and thereafter the Cabinet Memo submitted to Cabinet for approval.

CONCLUSIONOnce the above proposed strategies are implemented, they will lead to the growth of local construction companies, the retention of construction-related profits within the country and employment opportunities.

Ministry of Works and Trasnport Supplement8M


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8M Materials

A market survey conducted by Knight Frank in 2015 found that the construction cost per square metre in Kampala was $640, for the office block type of property. The city compared unfavourably with

Nairobi, whose corresponding figure was found to be $400 per square metre. In explaining the comparative difference, the report noted that, unlike Nairobi buildings, Kampala buildings need air conditioning, which comes with a 20% increment in cost. However, this does not fully explain the difference. Indeed, if you increased the Nairobi figure by the 20%, it would become $480, which is still much lower than the Kampala figure.

Causes and consequencesHigh construction costs have both causes and consequences. The most direct consequence is high rental rates, as property developers try to recover their expenses. In fact, the very same Knight Frank report revealed that the rent per square metre in Nairobi ranges between $6 and $7, and that, in Kampala, it ranges between $14 and $17. The Nairobi rental figures are less than half those of Kampala! High rental rates mean high costs of doing business. And when entrepreneurs and professionals have to pay highly for commercial and office premises, they may raise the prices of their goods and services, meaning that nearly everyone eventually gets affected by high construction costs. High rents may repel Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and compel some enterprises to downsize or exit, leading to a drop in employment levels. Considering these inevitable or potential consequences, high construction costs should be of concern to everyone, especially to policy makers. Construction professionals may, like clients, benefit from low construction costs, since the lower the costs, the more the projects that clients can afford to do, and therefore the more the professional fees that may be earned.

Any attempts to tackle high construction costs must be informed by a thorough understanding of the causes. Besides the noted necessity air conditioning, what explains the high construction costs of Kampala? Construction projects involve design and construction phases. Potentially both phases a substantially sway project costs. However efficient contractors may be, projects will cost more than they should if architectural and engineering designs are not of economic. And however much architects and engineers may factor economy in their designs, projects will cost more than they should if contractors are inefficient, or materials and machinery are overpriced, or interest rates are high.

Economy is supposed to be one of the key factors in design. An engineering design should not aim at only safety and durability, but also at economy. But there are concerns on whether this is always the case in Uganda. Indeed, there are perceptions that most structures in Uganda are overdesigned. For instance, most storeyed structures in Uganda are built with columns. They are considered indispensable for the purpose of transferring loads from beams to the foundations. The load-bearing capacity of brickwork or blockwork is generally ignored. Eng Hans Mwesigwa notes that this is a mistake, and argues that it contributes to the high costs of construction. “Load-bearing walls of up to four stories could be built without inserting columns! That would save costs of the unnecessary materials in the columns (steel, sand, stones, cement, shuttering, nails, etc), the labour and supervision and the TIME which translates into lost earnings before completion (for example, rentals) and escalated costs plus insurance,” he says.

Eng Mwesigwa’s words may take some practitioners, including engineers, by surprise; for the practice of inserting columns in design has become so firmly established over the decades. In fact, it is probable that the average engineer knows the unit weight

Lower the construction costs in Uganda!

By Nicklison Twinamatsiko, Tel. 0787421141, email: [email protected] Twinamatsiko is a projects manager with Kisana Consults, a multidisciplinary consultancy firm based in Suite 319, Span House. He earned the BSc. Civil Engineering and the MSc Civil Engineering degrees from Makerere University, and taught Structural Design and Construction Management at Kyambogo University for 9 years. He runs a plotting and plan copying business, and is a prolific writer with an oeuvre that includes creative works (novels and poems), essays and research/conference papers.


8MMaterials

of brickwork or blockwork, but does not know the corresponding strength! Materials’ laboratories usually conduct tests on the strengths of steel and concrete, but seldom conduct tests on the strength of bricks. Walls are typically treated as loads to be carried rather than as mechanisms for transfer of loads. In the past, the justification may have been that brick-making processes in Uganda, being short on quality assurance, may yield outputs of very low strength. But even amidst the increasing use of concrete blocks and engineering bricks, many structural engineers in Uganda have held onto the old assumption that floor loads can only be transferred through Reinforced Concrete columns. A review of design practices may go a long way in reducing the construction costs of storeyed structures.

InterventionsIn the construction phase of a project, the overall cost is a sum of the cost of materials, machinery, manpower and management. These costs vary from country to country, and even within countries. For instance, whereas Shs28,000 is the lowest price at which one can get a 50kg bag of cement in Kampala, Shs21,000 is the lowest price at which one can get an equivalent amount of the material in Nairobi. The recent drop in cement prices in Uganda has been occasioned by the entry of new manufacturers (Simba

Cement and Kampala Cement) onto the market. When the market had only two manufacturers (Hima Cement and Tororo Cement), the prices were high, largely because supply levels were low. The two manufacturers attributed the low supply levels to high production costs, which they blamed on high electricity tariffs and import tax on clinker. But there were some perceptions, even in government circles, that the two manufacturers purposefully kept supply levels low so as to keep the prices high. In April 2018, the Ministry of Trade publicly threatened the two manufacturers that it would allow imported cement onto the market if they did not increase production. By allowing new players onto the market and removing the import tax on clinker, the government has helped bring about a reduction in prices. But, if the Nairobi prices are anything to go by, more interventions are needed in the Ugandan cement market. The old economics principle of lowering prices by increasing supply should be further applied to cement and all other construction materials.

In the second part of this write-up, we will compare the costs of machinery, manpower and money in the Ugandan construction sector with those of the Kenyan construction sector.

Are reinforced concrete columns always necessary in brickwalls? 8M photo, 2020


8M Management

ENG DARLINGTON SAKWA:My humble journey to becoming an engineer

Part I

Born on 6th April 1952, the environment I grew up in pointed to a profession of practical handiwork rather than

the expectations of being a white-collar worker. Raised in a village 8 miles east of Mbale town, I was lucky to be a son to a well-focussed couple, whose education was quite limited. My late mother’s maiden name was Petua Nabalayo. She was born to peasant parents in the present-day Sironko District in 1922.

My late father, born 1st August 1913, was a self-made technician who excelled in building construction and furniture making. Having lost his father in 1918 at the tender age of five, and with the prevailing state of enlightenment at that time, he did not have the opportunity to attend normal school like it would have been in my early years. He used to work for the white farmer settlers in Eldoret in Kenya for a year to raise school fees, return to Uganda and attend a year at school, then return to Kenya to work for the following year’s fees.

He eventually “graduated” from a technical school which offered carpentry at Bubulo Walanga in the then Bugisu District in 1936. The location has since undergone transformation to host a primary school, a senior secondary school, and a vocational

training school.

Before passing on, my father handed to me his large toolbox which was part of the graduation handout. It had all sorts of carpentry tools but sadly many were stolen by people he recruited to train and work with before he handed it to me. He also handed me his bicycle and a Philips radio which I used to service for him.

To his credit are many of the county and sub-county headquarter buildings, churches and private homes built in many administrative divisions in eastern Uganda, especially the areas originally called Bugisu, Bukedi, Sebei and Teso.

My father had a small workshop at home where he made furniture

only on order. I had the privilege to be his unpaid assistant as he made incredible folding tables and chairs, some of which I have kept as memoirs of his works. His woodworking skills still leave many who look at some of the work which is older than me marvelling. Some of the furniture he made includes folding

chairs, pulpits, lecterns, baptismal fonts, chairs and

pews in our local church (Holy Trinity Church Nabumali) built in 1924. My late father worked with his partner, Mr Samson Wakwaale (RIP), to provide new furniture to the church between

Eng Darlington Sakwa is the Chief Executive Officer of Computer Supplies Ltd, a computer consultancy he founded in 1991 for self-propelling wealth-creation purposes. A corporate Member of both the Uganda Institution of Professional Engineers and the Information and Communication Technology Association of Uganda, and a Registered Practising Engineer with the Engineers Registration Board, Sakwa is one of the best-qualified electrical engineers in the digital electronics speciality in Uganda and the whole Great Lakes Region. He is a consultant of international repute as he has been as far afield as Ethiopia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Malawi. Though well-known in UIPE and the ERB as an engineer among equals in the fraternity, this Forum has stumbled on him as a foremost innovator as early as his student days in Nabumali High School. The 8M Construction Digest will serialise what he calls ‘My humble journey to becoming an engineer’


8MManagement

1949 and 1956.

He later secured a job with the veterinary department and worked in Bukedi District until he retired in 1968 when he reverted to private construction projects. During his employment with the veterinary department, he used to ride his bicycle from our home in Bugisu as it was known then to Tororo town in Bukedi, then go deep into the villages to help in constructing veterinary centres that included staff housing, meeting rooms, training rooms, and cattle dips. The routines usually made him spend a week or a whole month away from home, returning on Fridays or at the end of the month.

During holidays I used to request my father to go along with him to work. Most times I watched him do his work

The toolboxThe tenon saw for precise wood edge cuts

The wood chisel

The foldable measuring ruler

Special wood pattern engraving planer

Pliers

The special tool for adjusting saw blade cutting

the large metallic woodworking toolbox and some of the tools my father was given at graduation and passed on to me

Curve smoothing planer

but sometimes I became his handyman, mainly to get a feel of his tools. These journeys exposed me to a vast area of Bukedi that included places like Molo, Mukuju, Kisoko, Iyolwa, Lumino, Butaleja, Kibuku, Pallisa, Budaka, etc.

Trying my hand at carpentry and buildingAs I got familiar with my father’s tools and trade, I started making small models of the items he was making. I tried making chairs and tables out of dry maize stems which I peeled and cut to shape using razor blades. Unfortunately there were no cameras to take images of these exciting innovations. By 1959 I was able to construct a grass-thatched hut for myself but my parents did not allow me to occupy it as they feared I would be attacked by snakes which were quite common since our home was surrounded by a thick forest and banana plantations.

In 1960 my father was making window frames for my uncle who had just migrated to join us where we lived. The frames were made of mvule timber and iron-bar burglar-proof grills. I tried to see how all was being done. So I became a volunteer assistant passing on pieces of timber, cut-to-size iron bars, tools, etc. In the evening I picked offcuts of the timber and iron bars in an attempt to make window frames. I

ended up hitting my right-hand thumb so hard that I lost the nail. Instead of sympathy, I received a thorough beating from my father who was not impressed by my crude attempt at an early age.

Despite the pitfall, I continued working or call it watching my father as he did his work. One of the machines I loved working with but which unfortunately got dismantled and vandalised was the

wood lathe.

Why did I not become a building or civil engineer?With the background given above, it would have been logical that I take on building or civil engineering. But I did not. What happened?

The pulpit that my father and his partner made in Holy Trinity Church, Nabumali

Various church furniture pieces made by my father and his partner Samson

My late father’s 1956 bicycle which he passed on to me

A photo of my uncle’s house that caused me to hit my thumbnail off

A photo of a replica of the wood lathe as adapted from a vintage photo website


8M Methods

As told to Sheena Kabalihira, [email protected]; 0757603673Drawings, sketches and illustrations by Evelyn Kabede, mailto:[email protected] ; 0781842338

DAVIDSON KISIRIBOMBO’S

RETIREMENT HOME

APPROPRIATE HOMES

Davidson Kisiribombo is running away from the noisy frustrating Kampala City of jams, thieves and robbers, back to the fresh air and quiet of the village. There he barely owns two acres of land bequeathed by his late father, which is abundant if he

can design, build and maintain an appropriate home. He is determined to make a blissful life here for the evening of his life.

And so he gets the designs from the professionals: an

architect, a civil/structural engineer and a quantity surveyor, each doing the bit they understand best. The designed house is big and comfortable enough to welcome his big children, nephews and nieces, their wives, husbands and his grandchildren! And he looks forward to working in his office. It is located below his bedroom and under the huge avocado tree. Under the tree, he will innovate an office to make use of its massive shade when he chairs the village gatherings. Here will also be the open grilling system of a modernised “runonko”, for grilling or

Plan View



8M Methods

Ms Evelyn Kabede B Arch MUK, Dip Arch KYU;

Email [email protected]; Tel.: 0781842338

Sheena [email protected];

Tel.: 0757603673

8M Construction Digest welcomes true stories from home developers, particularly

showing appropriate home-construction. We can help you write the story to become a

learning example for others.

Editor’s NOTE

Front View

side view showing entrance

Site Plan

baking meat and beans in the open, using firewood. With the Internet, TV and radio in place, Kisiribombo has solved his last worry by getting the appropriate design. The design has details that will solve his energy problems using what they called a hybrid system: It uses solar and wind power at the same time to generate electricity. Fortunately, Davidson lives on a hill that enjoys wind which sometimes destroys and carries away weak roofs!

What about water? The engineer designed a rainwater harvesting system. He provided for a huge underground tank and one overhead. The overhead one was really unique: It is close to the gutters, yet so long along one entire side that it uses gravity to reach all bathrooms and the kitchen. A hand pump is used to transfer water from the underground reservoir to the one overhead. The calculation was that Davidson will have water for himself and the villagers during the wet season, and for himself and his household during the dry season. Yes, the designers planned for every square metre of land with details for his fruit trees and shrubs, flowers, rabbits and chicken houses, and the dog kennels. There is a security wall around the homestead made out of a local thorny plants. Since Davidson loves dogs, he opted to rear some for sale while others will keep out thieves.

In all this, the designers used locally available resources of soil, stones,clay, timber, papyrus, grass and manpower.

Fortunately, he had approached 8M Construction Digest management who recommended him to the professionals.


“The newly constructed ultra-modern sewerage treatment plant in Kinawataka will improve sanitation around the city. The wastewater treatment plant at Kinawataka is part of NWSC’s efforts towards protecting the water quality in the Inner Murchison Bay of Lake Victoria by treating some of the untreated inflow of the wastewater that flows into the lake.

The poor quality of raw water in the Inner Murchison Bay, among other adverse effects, increases the costs of producing water at the Ggaba Waterworks. Thus the new infrastructure will improve sanitation and health in and around the city and protect Lake Victoria, among other benefits.”

The fast-growing population of Uganda has led to an increase in the population of Kam-pala City suburbs such as Kireka, Kinawata-ka, Luzira, and Butabika. Moreover, the na-tional propulsion for industrialization has led

to an increase, for example, in the number of factories being set up. This comes with the challenge of install-ing a proper wastewater management system to avoid issues of poor health and sanitation, thereby preserving Lake Victoria and improving the well-being of Ugandans in the city.

Consequently, National Water and Sewerage Corpo-ration (NWSC), on behalf of the Government of the Re-public of Uganda, was tasked with the duty of putting in place a wastewater management system to match the growing demand within Kampala City. In order to achieve this, in 2004 NWSC developed the Kampala Sanita-tion Master Plan (KSMP), which has been implemented in phases. The KSMP zoned the city into four drainage catchments: Nakivubo, Kinawataka, Lubigi and Nalu-kolongo; and each of the four drainage areas was to have a stand-alone sewage system.

The Lubigi, Nakivubo, Kinawataka sewage systems have already been completed and are currently operational. The implementation of the Nalukolongo sewage system is currently at the procurement stage.

8M NWSC Supplement

Remark of Eng Dr Christopher Ebal, Chairman, Board of Directors of National Water and Sewerage Corporation:


DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF THE

KINAWATAKA ULTRA-MODERNSEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

‘As-Built’ Kinawataka Pre-treatment Plant. NWSC Photo

8MNWSC Supplement


The Kinawataka Wastewater Pre-treatment Plant project is a component of the broader Kampala Sanitation Programme, currently being implemented in phases. The objective of the project is to provide improved sewage services within the Kinawataka Catchment Area as well as protect the quality of water in the Inner Murchison Bay of Lake Victoria through improved wastewater treatment of untreated liquid wastes currently entering the lake. The project services areas for sewer network coverage are: Kyambogo, Banda, Ntinda, parts of Naguru, Nakawa Industrial Area, parts of Mbuya, and Butabika.

The plant is located in the eastern parts of Kampala City, down-stream of the Kinawattaka wetland. The plant is equipped with mechanical equipment mainly for pre-treatment and odour removal and is designed with a hydraulic treatment capacity of 4500m3/day, with provision to increase the treatment capacity in future to a fully-fledged biological wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of 9000m3/day. Accordingly, the buildings and civil works have been constructed to cover the full scope of the WWTP (capacity of 9000m3/day) but only equipped with mechanical equipment to cater for treatment of 4500m3/day.

The Pretreatment Plant main features include the following process units:

• The flow separation and overflow chamber to regulate the inflow;

• Sewage lifting to the plant by Archimedean screw pumps;

• Sewage screenings by coarse and fine screening;

• Grit and grease removal in an aerated grit chamber;

• Lifting of the pre-treated sewage by pumps to the existing sewer in Solent Avenue (for discharging to the new Bugolobi WWTP)

The plant process units are all fully covered including a full-odour treatment unit in order to minimize smell emissions. The project also included the construction of a rainwater harvesting system for process water and the construction of access and internal roads, footpaths, the guardhouse, the water supply and wastewater discharge system, the energy supply and an emergency power

generation. The plant was designed to be automatically switched on to the manual operation mode in the event that there is power outage.

Cost and financingThe total price for the construction of the Pre-Treatment Plant, including spare parts, the conveyance main to the Bugolobi WWTP and related gravity sewers (including 18% VAT, 10% contingencies) at completion was €12.4million.

The Kinawataka Pre-treatment Plant Project was funded by AfDB under the auspices of the broader Kampala Sanitation Programme in the following proportions; KfW (10 million euros), the African Development Bank (38 million euros) and the Government of Uganda (GoU)/NWSC(Euro 7million). The provisional budgets were based on the cost estimates made at the feasibility study stage. The changes in the design concept and the bad soil conditions resulted in increased project costs. In order to address the increase in costs, the GoU agreed to increase funding with an additional 30 million euros, thereby increasing GoU contribution to €37million.

TenderingThe pre-treatment plant and lifting station were tendered out using the AfDB standard ICB bidding documents. The level of sophistication and know-how required to build this plant necessitated contracting highly experienced international Contractors. Accordingly, the Construction Contract for the plant was executed by a highly experienced French contractor.

THE PROCESS PLANThe following figure shows the process plan for the Pre-treatment Plant, including the lifting station for pumping the pre-treated sewage to the Bugolobi WWTP.

During plant operation, this structure will act as an emergency overflow and as such there is provision of a by-pass of DN 1000mm HDPE pipe to evacuate effluents that would have otherwise entered the plant.

The wastewater is then pumped by Archimedean

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE DESIGN

Layout of the Kinawataka Pre-treatment Plant

8M NWSC Supplement


screw pumps (one operational and one on standby) to the preliminary treatment units, with a total pumping capacity of 180 litres per second. The pump well is covered with GRP (glass reinforced plastic) elements and connected to an odour-control system.

Coarse and fine screensAt the screening stage, there are two coarse screens with 40-mm spacing between the bars (one operational, the other on standby) and two fine screens with 6-mm spacing between the bars. Coarse screens remove large solids and rags from the wastewater while fine screens are typically used to remove material that may create operation and maintenance problems in the downstream process.

The screenings are discharged to spiral conveyors and transported to washing presses, where they are first washed and then compacted to dry-solid content of 35%. Once the container for the compacted screenings is full, it is moved out of the building for disposal of the screenings and replaced with another one.

Aerated grit chamber with grease trapThe grit chambers are installed in a closed building that is connected to the odour control system. The grit chambers are 20m long, 1.5m wide, 55m3 of unit volume, and with an average detention time of 8 minutes. Only one grit chamber is operated and equipped with a coarse bubble aeration system. The second one is unaerated and acts as a standby.

When wastewater gets to the grit chamber, the grit settles at the bottom of the tank and is removed by a suction pump, which pumps a sand-water suspension to a grit-washing device installed in the screening building. Since the cleaned and dewatered sand has low content of volatile soils (less than 5%), it can be re-used for street construction. It is therefore deposited in a container similar to the one used for the screenings.

Grease is removed by flotation in separate grease traps.

A pre-treatment process and lifting station flow separation structure

Cross section of the flow separation structure

A longitudinal section of the inlet pumping station

8MNWSC Supplement


The grease and scum accumulate on the surface of the grease traps, which are then conveyed by a scum shield to a sump, from where it is pumped out manually by vacuum-tankers. The grease has then to be transported by road to the new Bugolobi WWTP.

Odour treatmentTo avoid odour problems for the nearby housing estates, all critical smelling process units, being the inlet pumping station, the screens, the grit chamber and the pump sump of the lifting station are in closed housing/GRP (glass reinforced plastic) – covered and equipped with air abstraction and an odour treatment unit.

The lifting stationThe sewage now flows to the pumping station, which is used as a lifting station to convey the sewage to the Bugolobi WWTP. There are three pumps and these are designed to pump the design flow per pump which is 90 litres per second to the connection chamber in Solent Avenue in Bugolobi from where it flows by gravity to the new Bugolobi WWTP.

Flow measurementThe pumped sewage flow will be measured by an electromagnetic flow meter DN400 installed inside the lifting station.

A cross section of the grit and grease

chamber

The longitudinal section of the odour treatment unit

A section of the lifting station

8M NWSC Supplement


Electrical equipment for pre-treatment plantFor safety reasons the whole treatment plant is supplied with an 11-kV overhead line, with a 650-kVA stand-by generator in cases of UMEME power outage. The emergency generator starts automatically in case of power failure.

The control systemEach of the two switchgears in the lifting pumping station and in the screen house have an adjacent panel for instrumentation control and automation (ICA).

ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROL AND AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT

SITE PHOTOS

The aerated grit chamber

Odour treatment unit (biofilter)

Lifting station

The inside of the lifting station

Flow seperation chamber

Control is possible in the manual mode from local near the drives and from the MCCs using only hard-wired safety interlockings, so that in case a PLC is faulty an emergency operation will be possible. Auto operations are possible by a programmable logic controller (PLC). Any fault will be announced acoustically and optically. The operator receives detailed information from the displays of the PLC at the two switchgears. Fault messages will be printed by a printer, with time and date-values.

The screening building

8MNWSC Supplement

FOR MORE INFOMRATION CONTACTNational Water and Sewerage Corporation P.O.Box 4675 Kampala - Ugandawww.nwsc.co.ug


Trailblazing:‘Trailblazing’ brings you engineering and construction-related views for social, economic and technological development as shared by members of the 8M Information Forum.

Eng Nick Twinamasiko: When buildings collapse, professional bodies sometimes appear more interested in announcing their existence than in actually identifying and solving the real problem. The Daily Monitor writer claimed that he was told that even technicians and technologists are supposed to register with ERB! With the exception of electricians, it seems artisans and technicians in Uganda are not legally required to register. The Engineers Registration Act certainly makes no mention of them. The Directorate of Industrial Training conducts trade tests and issues certificates of competence to interested artisans, but a 2015 survey found that more than 80% of practising artisans have never taken the trade tests and that their employers never ask for them. For instance, there are some glaziers in the industry but no technical institution in Uganda teaches glazing. The National Curriculum Development Centre doesn’t have a curriculum for this course. But any contractor in Uganda will be able to recommend a competent glazier. Reputation rather than certification.

[1/19/2020] Eng Gideon Kamya, UK: The way cartels form is that the glaziers would then create an industrial body to lobby for their interests, share working practices, etc., including training for new entrants. Later on this becomes a certificate, then a diploma, and then a degree. It’s the trend.

What we know as civil engineering has its origins in military engineering: inventions were created in times of war to overcome barriers to further conquests. To introduce this to civilians, it became civil engineering. To this date, we still have many advances with origins in military operations such as the Internet, etc.

[1/20/2020] Nathan Dumba (Structual Eng): That’s absurd. This trade likewise has to be regulated. Even the word itself “I’m a glazier” may not easily get through to the

SHOULD OUR TRAINING BE IN SKILLS OR SPECIALITIES (OR BOTH)?

general public here as, say, “I’m a mason”. “Glass-fixers” probably.

[1/20/2020] Eng Nick Twinamasiko: Some of these trades can be learned, even to mastery, in less than a week. But NCDC makes two-year programmes. The Ministry of Education even issued some circular, a few years ago, saying that all certificate programmes should be of two-year duration. Why should someone spend two years studying glazing, or even bricklaying? Moreover, after the two years, the graduates of technical institutes are not even as skilled as the people that learn on the job. It’s not surprising when you consider that, at the institutes, they are often taught by people who have teaching qualifications but no practical experience in the trades. Those who learn on the job acquire the skills more quickly and effectively. Regulation of the trades proves to be a farce when it focuses on certificates earned in formal TVET.

[1/22/2020] Dun Tukwaitse (Civ Eng): As I followed the discussion this morning, I wondered whether we’re prepared to embrace contemporary engineering disciplines. Universities here continue to teach traditional engineering disciplines -- civil, electrical and mechanical. Yet industry needs structural engineers, road/railway engineers, building services engineers, bridge engineers, etc.

Does one need an advanced degree and/or specialist industrial practice first? Currently, yes. But we need to change. Telecommunication Engineering was traditionally under Electrical Engineering; now there are enough oppor-tunities in industry for many of these specialist engineers to pursue lifetime careers. Same with Petroleum Engineering which was under the traditional Chemical Engineering 40 years ago; today it wouldn’t.

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MATTERS OF STRUCTURAL VIS-A-VIS ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN:

Observe the picture and make comments

Answer 1: Safety of personnel. Not putting on harnesses.

Edison Twebaze: Looks like a beam of 3.5m overhang to a 0.5mm depth beam making the span/depth ratio just on the edge of being okay contrary to visual observations.

[1/21/2020] Eng Ben Sebbugga Kimeze: Do you mean the depth is 0.5m OR 0.5 mm?

[1/21/2020] Eng Andrew Kagoda: It looks a very daring design. I don’t know whether it would be sound with the effects of fatigue and imposed loading! I think it would be improved by making the side beams deeper and trapezoidal, tappering outwards and probably with an upward tilt. But generally the long spans on concrete need to be avoided.

[1/21/2020] Twino Solar Mounting: From the visual observation, the loading on the beam is not much to cause a disaster.

[1/21/2020] (Str Eng) Nathan Dumba: True. It looks like a main entrance of sorts with few loads above it. Nonetheless, the ‘feeling’ of safety to the general public may be far-fetched unless the architect thinks of something.

[1/21/2020] Eng Nick Twinamasiko: By Ugandan standards, he is not an engineer. Just a quack!

[1/22/2020] Eng Isaac Mutenyo: It’s the architect to think. OK, what if he doesn’t think?

[1/22/2020] Eng Frank Sebowa: If the structural engineer fails to convince the architect, then really little can be done as the rest of the professionals cannot change a design; it’s not their mandate legally.

[1/22/2020] Eng Gideon Kamya, UK: The architect deals with aesthetics and usability. The structural engineer deals with strength, safety and economy. It would be a poor match if one opted for a structural engineer who can’t deliver an aesthetic design! (Yet nothing is impossible as we have seen from many challenging projects across the world).

[1/22/2020] Eng Frank Sebowa: Why do architects chair site meetings? I hope not for aesthetics. They actually study longer in the training institutions than structural engineers. I would avoid using demeaning statements on architects.

[1/22/2020] Edison Mwebaze: They do when they are Project managers, lead consultants/team leaders.

[1/22/2020] Eng Frederick Lwanga: Correct. They quite often lead the consultancy teams depending on the TOR.

[1/22/2020] Eng Gideon Kamya, UK: They chair as

they are best placed to act as design coordinators since everything that others do affects the architectural layout; hence their being best placed for the role. The same principle is applied when choosing project sponsors. The ultimate beneficiary of an act becomes the sponsor often: if you deviate from this, then it is unlikely that benefits would be realized.

[1/22/2020] Eng Daudi Mugisa: I thought to be a structural engineer you need to do a Master’s in Structural Engineering, in which case you would have spent the same time in class as the architect. This is not to say that a civil engineer with a Bachelor’s cannot undertake structural design. Please correct me if I am wrong.

[1/22/2020] Eng Gideon Kamya: You are wrong. It isn’t about qualifications but rather experience.

[1/22/2020] Eng Dr Frank Sebowa: Often the more effective structural engineers learn their trade from being tutored for a fairly long time in the job/field by experienced design engineers, their undergraduate background being usual in civil engineering. Postgraduate studies alone don’t shape an effective structural or any other type of engineer. ‘The proof of the pudding is in the eating,’ they say. This forum has senior structural engineers who should share their experiences.

[1/22/2020] Nick Twinamasiko: Anyone registered to practise structural engineering can practise it, and one only needs a bachelor’s degree to be registered. Would I be wrong to say that, by that logic, one needs to have a master’s degree in highway engineering to practice highway engineering just as one needs a master’s degree in water engineering to practice water engineering, etc.? It would effectively mean that those with only a bachelor’s degree cannot practice any civil engineering, and should therefore not be registered. It seems to me that, for about 95% of the storeyed structures in Uganda, even a higher diploma is adequate if it’s supplemented with adequate design office experience.

[1/22/2020] Eng Darlington Sakwa: The core blueprint for a building is the architectural design. All other experts are fulfilling what was designed. In the case of ICT, for example, the architect will stop at specifying where the server room and working areas, etc, will be. The ICT consultant will provide details of what goes into the server and the cabling, power supplies, security cameras, intelligent building management systems, switch gear, etc. But the deployment of these devices must maintain the architectural blueprint of the building, with structural engineering ensuring the deployments do not compromise safety. The sane procedure covers mechanical and electrical installations. So the architect is better placed in coordinating the various players at the site.

[1/22/2020] Eng Nick Twinamasiko: I think the comparison of the durations of the university courses is misleading since architects and engineers have different curricula. Of course there are a few intersections, but it’s not like architects cover the civil engineering course and then do an extra year. The roles of an architect on a project are different from those of a structural engineer. As someone already mentioned, an architect’s concern is with aesthetics, whereas a structural engineer’s concerns are safety, strength, robustness, durability, etc. In fact, I always find it interesting when ARB talks about unregistered architects in the wake of building collapses. A defective architectural design cannot cause collapse of a building. The defect that causes collapse has to be in the structural design.

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My long standing friend, ex school mate and associate of sorts, Engineer Hans Mwesigwa,

editor of the 8M Digest, tickled me to share my views and experiences in locust control. Specifically, he asked me to share what I know of the roles played by engineers in locust control. Now that locusts have invaded Uganda, what can engineers do, or what do they do?

Locust invasion of Uganda is now big news. It’s a subject of awe, trepidation, jokes and all. But engineering is no joking matter neither is the current Uganda invasion by the mighty desert locust. Locust swarms last affected Uganda in the 1940s and 50s in which they left havoc and misery, particularly the western parts of the country. To this extent, children born during the period were named after “nzige,” the local lingua for locusts. Present-day lakes Edward and Albert were locally referred to as “Mwita Nzige” or killer of locusts.

And so after more than 70 years since, locusts are here again. But, of course in between we have experienced locust upsurges in the East Africa region, fortunately to very low degree of intensity, and not in Uganda. And so many engineers and millions of Ugandans do not know much about locusts, with a few reading about this formidable insect in the Bible. In Runyakitara, if someone says, “kagyende nke nzige” he means: disappear”

By Dr John Bahana, Insect Scientist

Role of engineers in combating locust invasions

I have worked and been associated with locusts for more than seventeen years, largely on one of the three major species, the red locust which breeds in neighbouring Tanzania and other areas further south in Malawi and Zambia.

Engineering plays a critical role in locust control. I will limit my discussion to the present locust invasion of Uganda and Kenya. There are two major components of locust management: these are ground-based and aerial-based operations. Both definitely require machines.

For ground-based locust control, we largely focus

on hopper bands, that part of the insect life cycle when the young locusts will have hatched from eggs and are on their way to developing into adults. This part of the life cycle is relatively sedentary and does not change locality from which they will have hatched. At that stage, therefore, they are easy targets. The equipment to use includes vehicle mounted sprayers (VMS). An engineer’s role here is to help in calibrating the spray delivery system so that the quantity of pesticide is delivered to the target with approved droplet size. The engineer will advise on the right

28 8M Construction Digest Volume 5 Issue 1 March/April 2020 Page

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wind conditions in which to spray so that conditions of strong winds are avoided. If it is raining, again, you do not spray because the pesticide concentration will be interfered with. Again, high temperatures are not ideal for spray delivery. So the engineer should have all facts at his fingertips having calibrated the spray delivery systems, understanding the range of the environment in which the locusts are located.

The other component of locust spray operations revolves around aerial control. Desert locusts

characteristically are active fliers during the daylight hours but influenced by prevailing temperatures. They invariably settle at night, roosting in bushes and tall trees. This unlike the nsenene grasshoppers that are active fliers during the night and are amenable to light trapping.

Locust swarms in flight are very difficult to spray and at best are targeted using aircraft. The aircraft is fitted with spray gear that consists of a spray tank which will hold the pesticide and the spray nozzles linked to the tank with appropriate pipes. These are linked to the aircraft instrument systems with various switches under the control of the pilot.

As with ground-based machines, the aircraft engineer needs to be acquainted with the spray gear. He will therefore assist with equipment

calibration to ensure proper

delivery of the right droplet sizes.

Accordingly, he will ensure that the nozzles

are the right types for the job. The types and sizes of spray

nozzles are determined by the type of insecticides to be applied. For swarm spraying, the recommended insecticide must be of ultra low volume (ULV). The current pesticide in use is Fenitrothion, 96% ULV, delivered at 0.5l per hectare. This

is a quite low concentration but is highly effective against locusts. The engineer’s responsibility is that the panel instruments on the aircraft are functioning very well and that he is able to calibrate the instruments to determine the recommended droplet size and amounts.

Very often field conditions will vary and, therefore, impose challenges on the engineer to be innovative and flexible. He will accordingly guide his pilot so that the best results are

obtained. The essence is to achieve at least a 90%

kill as anything less will be considered

not very effective.

Finally, the aircraft engineer must always ensure

that the aircraft undergoes

all mandatory checks, however

severe the locust situation is. He is in

charge of the safety of the expensive aircraft and

the staff on board and his discipline are paramount.

In the absence of regular locust invasions, Uganda does not have engineers well versed in locust swam spraying. But when the situation demands, it’s easy to adopt any aircraft engineer to the challenge of this unique situation.

Dr Bahana has overseen locust control operations in Angola, Botswana, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe and worked very closely with aircraft crews (pilots and engineers), helping with designs and configurations of spray systems to suit variable field conditons.

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Over the past few years, there has been increasing use of concrete blocks in Uganda’s construction sector. Every suburb in the city and other provincial municipalities is nowadays dotted with block-making yards, which seem to be doing

good business. Even in residential construction, where fired bricks have traditionally been preferred, there is an increasing shift towards concrete blocks.

The preference for fired bricks to concrete blocks in residential construction has usually been founded on the belief that fired bricks are the more economical option. But it appears that property developers are increasingly getting more concerned about project durations, and the strength and durability of structures than in the cost savings of using fired bricks and not concrete blocks. It may also be that as information about construction has spread more, it has been realized that the cost difference between fired bricks and concrete blocks is not all that big, especially in the larger scheme of things. Whereas the residential house that consumes bricks worth Shs5 million would need blocks worth about Shs12 million, the laying of fired bricks requires more than twice the mortar required for block-laying, and would probably take more than twice the time, hence more than twice the wages. This means that what a typical residential house developer saves by using bricks is not really Shs7 million, but probably Shs4 million. The four million shillings may represent 4% or less of the total project cost, and yet the use of concrete blocks may raise the value of the structure by more than 10%, since it guarantees durability of up

MAKING CONCRETE BLOCKS AT SITES IS BETTER SKILLING & DEVELOPMENT

to a century.

It is not surprising therefore that the more forward-looking sections of construction clientele are increasingly preferring concrete blocks to fired bricks. There are concerns that our country, and indeed the world at large, may run out of sand at some point, which would make the use of blocks unsustainable, but that point seems to lie in the very distant future. It seems to lie further than the point at which we may run of hardwood for firing bricks.

Why at construction sitesEco Concrete, a company founded by the civil engineering academic, Dr Apollo Buregyeya, has positioned itself uniquely in the concrete blocks market. Rather than set up a concrete yard, as other pre-cast concrete manufacturers do, it takes machines to the construction sites of clients and manufactures blocks (or pavers) from there.

“We studied the system, the value chain of construction,” Dr Buregyeya explains. “We noticed that most of the money that goes into construction goes into handling logistics. A house may cost Shs180m when the actual material and labour cost is about Shs120m. The rest goes into theft of bricks, transportation of materials, delays in construction, cost of finance, etc. All those issues account for 30%. We saw that when we deploy on site, your site, and make blocks from there, you save on transport. And the cost of transporting a block is about 20% of the cost

By Eng Dr Apollo BuregyeyaChieft Executive Officer Eco Concrete


of a block. We also found that, when we make the blocks on site, we maintain quality. So we have lower cost and better quality. We can actually go further and save you money and give you the block at 30% less than you would be charged at the concrete yard. This is because our process does not involve paying rent, since we make the products at your site. We produce the same product everybody makes, but our innovation is on the process of delivery.”

Because Eco Concrete gives a cheaper option than the other manufacturers, the company has attracted a lot of work. They have been the main suppliers of blocks at Karuma Dam since 2017, they have made blocks for some of Kampala’s largest projects, such as Tweed Heights and Hilton Towers, and they have been contracted on some UN projects. From one set of machines (worth Shs70m), the company has grown to own seven machines within a period of three years.

Eco Concrete has enjoyed financial success. But Dr Buregyeya explains that the company has always been about much more than financial success. He explains that it is founded on four pillars: To build responsibly, to build profitably, to create jobs and skill people, and to possess technology.

Employing and skilling the youthUnemployment is one the major social issues that Uganda has to grapple with. Related to the problem of unemployment is that of lack of skills among the youth. Ninety per cent of Uganda’s school-going children do not go beyond O-level. They exit the school system before acquiring any employable skills. And even those that go up to university often graduate without any employable skills. Any measures that would effectively raise the employment levels must also raise the

skill levels.

Eco Concrete has a human resource model with a strong training component. With the benefit of experience, Dr Buregyeya asserts that the model can empower the youth and lift them out of poverty. The company recruits youth that have neither skills nor educational certificates, and trains them from scratch. Within three months, such youth acquire all the knowledge and skills about the manufacture of blocks. In that period, they learn the ratios in which materials should be mixed to achieve the required strength, they learn how to change the mixes depending on the quality of materials given, and how to service the machines e.g. generators and mixers. They also learn how to keep records, how to market and promote the product, and how to maintain quality through correct curing and stockpiling. They learn all these things while working. Initially, they are assigned tasks that require energy, rather than knowledge or skill. For instance, they run around with wheelbarrows or lift blocks. Then they gradually acquire skills and take on skilled work. As they observe while machines are being serviced, they learn the oils that are used for service, they get to know where to buy the oil filter and they learn how to check for oil. As they observe the mixing of materials, they learn the appropriate ratios. As they observe the working of the machines, they learn how to operate them. So they learn, and, at the same time, earn.

“We keep talking about education as if education is a guarantee that you can enter the commerce system. But this is not the case. People finish university and they are not employable. The education we need is not necessarily formal education. And to make matters worse, you find that most (about 90%) of our young people drop out of school before they finish S4. And we cannot transform

our continent if we neglect the 90%. So how do you approach education, if you are to skill the 90%? You have to do so through the industry. These people have to learn on the job. The advantage with learning on the job is that one learns quickly since he is motivated when is making money. And when the money accumulates, you have to have a plan for them to exit and become independent,” Dr Buregyeya says.

One of the disincentives to employer investment in skills development in the Ugandan construction industry is the “poaching” of skilled workers by rival firms. But Dr Buregyeya is not fazed by the possibility of his workers moving on. “So many people who have trained with me,” he says, “are making blocks for other entrepreneurs. Some people come to me when they purchase machines, and I give them machine operators. I have no problem with that because the market is huge. I would want a worker to move on because that’s how I prove that I have been successful. I want the best machine operator I have to go and work elsewhere, or start producing and selling blocks, since they create space for the next person to be the best. Our deliberate approach to skills development guarantees that the departure of one worker doesn’t compromise quality since the next person can step in and do an equally good job. Quality is not dependent on one individual. Everybody can do everything in the production process and the maintenance and management of plant. So continuous skills development ensures that we are safe. But the workers are also skilled and empowered.”

Although Eco Concrete gives workers the freedom to exit whenever they choose, it does also have incentives – called The Eco Concrete Reward Programme. That probably explains why workers prefer to stay. First of all, the workers are well paid. A daily rate of Shs25,000 is very

8MMaterials


attractive, especially considering that most of the workers have no educational certificates and acquire their skills while working with the company. Secondly, whenever the company establishes a new camp (currently, there are seven camps), it selects three workers from an old camp and takes them to a new camp, and they start operating it, and they are free to recruit their friends. The company does not recruit; it only recruited the first machine operators. Recruitment is wholly left to the first three members of each camp. In each camp, there is a machine operator. It doesn’t always mean he is the most skilled. He is simply the person who has worked longest on the camp, who stayed when the camp was divided to form another camp. He and the group of three that stayed with him get to own the machine when they reach a production of 600,000 blocks. It takes about two years to make that many blocks, since they make a minimum of 1,000 blocks per day. When they hit the target production, the machine ownership is transferred to them. They can ask to get a new machine and continue working for the company, or they can go with their machine and become independent.

“By the time we make 600,000 blocks,” Dr Buregyeya explains, “we have recovered two machines. So it’s a model that grows. We continue growing, we continue increasing the number of machines, we continue empowering people with skills in the production of construction materials: blocks and pavers. When they leave us, they can go to smaller towns or villages, doing the same work. It’s a model that can actually help this country deal with the issue of youth unemployment. It is very hard for the youth we recruit to start their own enterprises. First of all, they don’t have the skills of making the blocks. Two, they don’t have the knowledge and skills of servicing plant to make sure it runs profitably. Three, they don’t have capital. It takes about Shs80 million to own a camp – to own machines and start producing blocks. As Eco Concrete, we provide capital. Each camp employs 6 to 7 people.

“Of course I am using my money now. If I got a hundred machines and engaged hundreds of youth in this model that makes construction cheaper, you can imagine the impact. Financially, the model works. I began with one machine, now I have seven machines. So the model works financially and can equip youth with skills. Although there is money in these things, my drive is not necessarily to make money. My drive is to run a model that works, a model that’s relevant to us.”

Technology ownershipMost, if not all, equipment used in the Ugandan construction industry is imported. But Eco Concrete, in partnership with Kiira EV, has moved to change that by manufacturing block-making machines. The company’s CEO, Dr Apollo Buregyeya, explains why it’s important for machines to be locally manufactured.

Most of our education focusses on using standards, systems and technology developed elsewhere. Our education trains us to use, not to own technology. Yet freedom only come when you possess. Wealth only comes when you possess. We start by possessing the technology. We are in a world of technology, our age is a technology age. So when we are not owners of technology, we cannot count ourselves wealthy. We are just using other people’s technology. We build others. We are just looked at as a market. We are seen as consumers.

But when you look at the models that motivate innovation – technology advancement -- they are dependent on the environment of the innovator. They are dependent on the market. Therefore, when we go and borrow these technologies, we need to adapt them to our commerce construct.

There is a simple example I keep sharing: a bag of cement in Europe – in Germany – is 3 Euros. A bag of cement in Uganda is ten euros. To consume a bag of cement in Europe, one has to pay a mason 50 euros. It takes two hours for a mason to use a bag of cement, and he charges 50 euros for that length of time, since the minimum wage of a mason in Germany is

25 euros per hour. In Uganda, to consume a bag of cement, a mason charges a euro. Therefore, in Europe, to innovate, to develop technology, the motivation is minimization of labour, maximization of material usage. Their technologies do not worry about consumption of materials, they worry about labour. It’s labour elimination approaches. In Uganda, the motivation should be material minimization, not labour minimization. Labour is cheap, and it’s our competitive advantage. Therefore, when we blindly inherit technology and bring them here, the cost of construction, the cost of doing business, becomes very high. Technologies blindly inherited here make things expensive. That’s why site-mixed concrete is Shs400,000 per cubic metre, whereas machine-mixed concrete (from, say, Roko) is at a million shillings per cubic metre. To establish a batching plant and its vehicles, you need a million dollars. It makes sense in Europe because they are saving 50 euros per bag on labour; the commerce structure in the country supports the technology. When we bring it here, our commerce system doesn’t support it, we are at a loss.

Therefore, if you want to manage construction and make it cheap, you don’t follow ready-mixed concrete. You instead address the reasons why we have to go for ready-mixed concrete. Reason of quality, reason of speed, etc. and you keep labor within the equation. And there are solutions to the problems of quality, speed, etc. What affects quality is workmanship. You can design concrete using chemicals (super plasticizers, etc.) to remove the temptations that cause people to add water to concrete, so that when someone sees concrete flowing, they will not be tempted to add water. So you can address these issues, while keeping labour within the equation. That’s why, for block making systems, when I see people bringing conveyer belts, I feel that it’s wasted money. You would rather have people carry sand, lift blocks, etc, instead of using conveyer belts. The belts are more expensive than use of labour.

So I thought about how we can come up with our own technology. I decided that it was wise to take baby steps, to start with imitating the imported technology. After imitating them, we will have the confidence to change them to suit our conditions, our environment. I want a mobile machine that I can easily deploy. In one hour, I deploy it to your site and start producing. I want a mobile machine that can deal with quality issues. If people are using hands to make pavers, it has a quality issue I may not resolve. But I can use a machine to maintain quality and achieve the production that would take a laborer a month. So we do that as we find ways of maintaining quality, keeping labor in the equation, and delivering buildings cheaply.

When I got the idea, I approached KIRA EV. They studied the machine. They developed models. They tested strength distribution in the pulleys and frames of the machines. Then we started buying materials. We went to Ndeeba and Sembule. We took the materials to Kira EV and started fabricating and assembling. We now have the machine. We will not be going back to China to buy another machine. I had bought six machines. But we made the seventh. It is at a yard in Gayaza. I put it in a yard because I want to first be fully satisfied that it works very well before I deploy it on sites. So far, it has worked well. We will continue improving it, and modifying it to suit our local conditions, our needs, our standards in terms of size, productivity, energy consumption, etc. We will also make the spare parts, so that we are able to fully service it.

So, that’s the path we are taking. Of course we hope that this can be supported. We need is a factory, we need to be able to put up a production line and start making these machines. I don’t expect to see KCCA, UPDF, PRISONS and other government entities importing these machines, when we are making them locally. When the machine is imported, it costs Shs22 million on our market. But we spent only Shs15 million producing it. It’s cheaper to produce locally. Labor in China is becoming more expensive.

Mass production will depend on the market. For now we are manufacturing for own consumption and on order.

8M Matrials


In my previous article, “Reaching Out to the Mirage”, I gave a simple outline of what it would take Ugan-da to become a middle income country by 2020. We would need to grow our GDP per capita by 57% and sustain these levels of production. Considering

that GDP grew by 2.2% in 2018, it is safe to say there is no way we can reach middle-class status by next year at this rate of growth. I also noted that construction alone would need to grow to 11 Trillion annually in order to contribute significantly to this quest for a “middle income status”.

But with all these numbers being bandied about - one begs to ask - how are these figures obtained? With all the informality in our economy, how accurate are out GDP per capita figures? With poor official statistics, policymakers depend on unofficial estimates. It is not surprising that poli-cies are hardly implemented.

Take an example of the housing sub-sector. The unplanned urban sprawl gives testimony to the informality of the sub-sector. What official statistics do we have to speak of? Housing is a function of local government and official statistics should be obtained from the local authorities. However, activity in the sub-sector goes largely undocu-mented, and whatever few records are captured are hard to access.

Peter Drucker, a management consultant, stated that “What gets measured gets improved”. So maybe, the way to improve or increase GDP contribution by this sub-sector is to measure where we are at and work on improving pro-ductivity. A housing and population census every decade simply does not cut it. The United States, for example, releases housing statistics every month!

Key housing statistics that would give a better measure of activity in the sub-sector include- Building permits issued. These figures should be sub-

mitted by every local authority monthly or quarterly.

WHAT GETS MEASURED GETS IMPROVED

They should clearly outline whether the permits are single family or multifamily residential units.

- Construction starts. Building Control Officers (BCOs) should be able to compile the number of construction starts either monthly or quarterly. This basically re-quires the BCOs to establish how many permit holders have broken ground and started excavations.

- Completed projects. These can be captured by the number of occupation permits issued. We know that this is a dodgy area since these permits are hardly issued.

- Brokerage fees on new and existing home sales. This real estate activity should be captured under the housing sub-sector.

- Residential rent and utilities used by tenants is consid-ered consumption and should be calculated into GDP. For owner occupied houses, rent and utilities can be imputed - basically, an estimate of the rent the house would attract if let out is arrived at.

With detailed official statistics, we would be able to mea-sure performance and make informed policy interventions that would improve the sub-sector. With recommendations backed by reliable statistics, it would be possible to make a case for Government intervention in housing that, despite it’s crucial role in defining living standards, has largely been left to the informal and private sectors.

And maybe, just maybe, we may discover that we produce much more than is officially estimated.

By Arch Verna MbababaziPrincipal Architect, Evolution Edge

Email: [email protected]

8MMethods

This article is dedicated to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics

Editor’s NOTE


By Angella Naluwenda, a Quantity Surveyor.

Email: [email protected]

Tel.:0777064769

8M Materials

The sheer fact of living and activities such as cleaning, cooking, etc, in any given home means there is a build-up of all kinds of pollutants in the indoor air. This may cause discomfort such as headaches, irritation of the eyes, etc. To maintain healthy living conditions, it is important that the indoor air is

refreshed. The way to do so is by ventilating.

In some cases, a permanent fresh air supply is not enough. This may be because:

• there are a lot of people inside the house;

• during and after you have used paint, glue or other products, they give off harmful substances. In such cases, it is advisable to do some extra aerating, for instance by switching on mechanical ventilation appliances or by throwing the doors and windows wide open for a while.

This helps, for example, to:

• moderate internal temperatures;

• reduce the accumulation of moisture, odours and other gases that can build up during occupied periods;

• create air movement which improves the comfort of occupants.

Very broadly, ventilation in buildings can be classified as natural or mechanical.

• Mechanical ventilation tends to be driven by appliances like fans.

• Natural ventilation is driven by natural pressure differences from one part of the building to another. Natural ventilation can be wind-driven, or buoyancy-driven.

IN BUILDINGSVentilation is necessary in buildings to bring in fresh air and remove stale air

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Temperature

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Moisture

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Gases

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Build

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Comfort

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Occupant

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Building

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Natural_ventilation





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One of the compelling ways to improve air quality as well as lower the energy costs in your home is through natural ventilation. If you have been having a lot of heat in your home, where you have to always have a running air conditioner system (AC) or electric fans in your home, this could be as a result of poor ventilation.

Natural ventilation is a method of allowing fresh outdoor air into living spaces without the use of mechanical systems such as air conditioning (AC) and electric fans. It simply uses the wind to bring in fresh air into the house.

Natural ventilation can be achieved through windows, louvres, vents and doors. There are other ways of having natural ventilation such as the use of grills in the house; but windows, louvres, vents and doors play a big role.

Using mechanical systems such as AC and electric fans costs more than a one-time investment in natural ventilation. These systems use electricity, require proper maintenance, which is costlier than when one simply adheres to the basic proper ventilation of a house. But

with natural ventilation, one does not have to worry about moulds that result due to leakage of an AC. There is minimal maintenance needed. It allows more transparency and light in the house.

While natural ventilation may be preferable, mechanical ventilation may be necessary, where:

• the building is too deep to ventilate from the perimeter;

• local air quality is poor, for example, if a building is next to a busy road;

• local noise levels mean that windows cannot be opened;

• the local urban structure is very dense and shelters the building from the wind;

• the privacy or security requirements prevent windows being opened;

• internal partitions block air paths.

Improving natural ventilation• The frequent opening of windows

is one of the ways that can help your home have fresh air. However, it all starts with the architectural design: if it is bad, then you will not have natural ventilation. To avoid all this, one should hire an expert.

• Windows should be installed at a standard height from the floor to enable air circulation in the house basing on its function. When windows are just on one side, there will not be cross-ventilation, which draws in good air into the house and lets the bad air out. When windows are on different sides of the house, there will be good airflow, especially in the morning.

• Windows and doors should have permanent vents above them. Vents on top of windows and doors always help in circumstances when you have closed the curtains or where they are blocking the entrance of the air; but when you have vents on top, the air will still have where to pass.

• One can also have a clerestory on one side of the house to act as a vent, which helps in improving the air circulation. When the warm air rises, it will go through the clerestory which in this case acts as a vent. Clerestories are usually found on church buildings but one can also have it on their house. The user of the home should have ease when opening these windows.

Clerestory windows and doors

Fixed louvres

Decorative grills

Ventilators


https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation


https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Air_quality


https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Road

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Noise

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Level

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Window

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Urban

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Structure

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Shelter


https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Security

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Window

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Partition


Construction prices and cost indices are published quarterly, or at agreed intervals, which are used for estimating, cost checking and fee negotiations on public sector construction projects. The collection of data and calculation of indices is let to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and there is also a requirement to develop and improve the indices methodology. These are vital in the construction industry and are used by the relevant parties in the industry.

Average market construction prices and cost indices, March, 2020

Item Description Unit Qty Average Rate (USD)

1US dollar = 3692 Uganda shillings

VENTS OVER WINDOWS

A

Provide pompei clay burnt grills into 1500mm x 200mm opening of vents above windows

No 1 6.07

B

Provide pompei clay burnt grills into 600mm x 200mm opening of vents above windows

No 1 2.28

METAL WORK

ALUMINIUM WINDOWSSupplying and fixing aluminium windows shall be carried out by an approved specialist sub-contractor

SUPPLY AND FIX purpose made windows: powder coated aluminium win-dows including all frames, iron mongery, sliding gear, 6mm clear glass and glazing, wash leather strips, fly mesh and all necessary accessories as per Ar-chitect’s detailed drawing No.

C Window W1 Size 1500 x 1200mm high (overall) No 1 243.77

PURPOSE-MADE WINDOW STANDARD Steel Section for glazing with putty, permanent ventilation comprising T-bar hood and gauze, standard tran-soms and mullions, stays and fasteners, one-coat red oxide etching primer: including 500mm-high vents at the top comprising 3mm-thick mild steel sheet cranked louvers, 120mm-wide bent-to-shape all welded to window frame; as per the architect’s detailed drawing

D Window W02 Size 1500 x 1200mm high (overall) NO 1

121.89

E Window W03 Size 600 x 900mm high (overall) NO 1

39.49

4mm CLEAR SHEET GLASS and glazing as described : to

F Metal casement in panes SM 1 16.25

DOORSTIMBER DOORS

45mm-thick ORDINARY SOLID CORED FLUSH DOORS faced both sides with 6mm plywood veneer: to Architect’s approval with hardwood lipping all round; all to Architect’s detailed drawing

G Door D1 size 900 x 2100mm high NO 1

44.69 45mm-thick WROT MAHOGANY PANELLED DOORS; to Architect’s de-tailed drawing

H Door D2 Size 850 x 2100mm high (overall) NO 1

100.22

WROT HARDWOOD, selected and kept clean

I 200 x 50mm Frame, two la-bours, plugged LM 1

10.02

J 38 x 12mm Architrave: two labours LM 204

1.63 PREPARE AND APPLY THREE polyurethane varnish on wood surfaces in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions: on wood: to

K General surfaces SM 75.6 3.25

L Surfaces 200 - 300mm girth LM 102 0.98

M Surfaces not exceeding 100mm girth LM 204

0.33

N Prime back of frame before fix-ing surfaces 200 - 300mm girth LM 102

0.98 PREPARE SURFACE AND APPLY ETCHING PRIMER; apply one coat primer, one undercoat and two Gloss finishing coats; on metal work: to

O Steel windows SM 1 3.25

Average cost of selected construction materials in Kampala, March 2020

Item Description Unit Quantity Average Price (UGX)

Selected Construction Materials

Cement1 Portland cement – 50kg bag 1 26,000

2 White Cement – 40kg bag 1 65,000

3 Water proofing cement – 20kg bag 1 60,000

Sand

4 Lake sand (7 tonne truck – Forward) trip 1 250,000

5 River sand (7 tonne truck – Forward) trip 1

220,000

6 Murrum (7 tonne truck – Forward) trip 1 100,000

Aggregates

7Hand crushed aggre-gates (7 tonne truck – Forward)

trip 1 260,000

8Machine Crushed ag-gregates (7 tonne truck – Forward)

trip 1 430,000

9 Hardcore (7 tonne truck – Forward) trip 1

180,000

Steel reinforcement bars

10 R8 diameter bars piece 1 18,000

11 T10 diameter bars 26,000

12 T12 diameter bars piece 1 35,000



15 Binding wire – 25kg roll 1 98,000

16 Assorted wire nails kg 1 6,000

17 Roofing nails kg 1 7,000

BRC

18 A142 BRC (2.4mx48m) roll 1 800,000

19 A98 BRC (2.4mx48m) roll 1 660,000

20 Damp Proof Course (DPC) roll 1 15,000

21 Damp Proof Membrane (DPM) – size 4x25m roll 1 150,000

22 Solid concrete blocks piece 1 3,500

23 Burnt clay bricks piece 1 300

24 Burnt mud bricks piece 1 250

25 Whoop Iron roll 1 35,000

Formwork Timber

8M Materials


Dayworks in construction, March 2020

Item Decription Unit Qty Average Rate (UGX)

DAY WORKS

LabourNet Amount of Wages per day (8 hours)

1 Working Ganger day 1 40,000

2 Semi-skilled day 1 30,000

3 Unskilled day 1 15,000

4 Artisan day 1 40,000

5 Driver for light vehicle day 1 30,000

6 Driver for heavy vehi-cle

day 1 50,000

7 Operator for heavy equipment

day 1 50,000

Materials1 Ordinary Portland Ce-

ment in 50 kg bagston 1.0 700,000

2 Coarse aggregate for concrete.

m³ 1.0 165,000

3 Fine aggregate for concrete.

m³ 1.0 70,000

4 Sand for building m³ 1.0 70,000

5 Sand for plaster m³ 1.0 70,000

6 Bricks for building. no. 1.0 350

7 Concrete blocks for building, 225mm for building,150mm thick

m² 1.0 80,000

Dayworks are bound to come up from time to time since it is impossible working from a Bill of Quantities to cover all eventualities. Dayworks is work for which the contractor is paid on the basis of cost of labour, materials, and plant plus an agreed percentage for overheads and profit. Payment in this way is usually reserved for items that cannot be measured and priced in the normal way.

All contracts normally provide that the first point of reference for the evaluation of variation orders, change orders or additional works instructions is the existing contract rates and prices. However, in the event that the work is different in nature or no similar item exists in the bill, only then may dayworks rates be applied.

Examples of when daywork may be applied are when unforeseen obstructions are encountered during groundwork or when work is instructed for which there are no comparative rates in the bill of quantities.

8 Concrete blocks for building, 150 mm thick.

m² 1.0 65,000

9 Hydrated lime for building 150 mm thick.

kg 1.0 2,000

10 Timber formwork m² 1.0 18,000

11 High yield steel reinforcement:- 8-10 mm dia

kg 1.0 4,500

12 High yield steel reinforcement:- 12-16 mm dia.

kg 1.0 4,500

13 High yield steel reinforcement:- 20-25 mm dia.

kg 1.0 4,500

14 Steel reinforcement fabric reference:A252

m² 1.0 18,000

15 Hardcore filling m³ 1.0 80,000

16 Topsoil delivered to site m³ 1.0 40,000

Plant Net Amount of Wages per Day (8 hours)

1 3 Ton tipper lorry hr 1 100,000



4 Motor Grader Cat. 14 with scarifier

hr 1 100,000

5 D4 Tractor or equiva-lent

hr 1 150,000

6 D7 Tractor or equiva-lent

hr 1 150,000

7 10 - 12 Ton pneumatic self-propelled roller

hr 1 80,000

8 Small hand - propelled vibrating roller

hr 1 50,000

9 2 1/4 cu. Yd. Tractor excavator with loader attachment

hr 1 100,000

10 Mechanical excavator with 22 cu. Ft bucket capacity or equivalent

hr 1 100,000

11 Compressor (250 c.v.m) complete with all tools, hoses, steel etc.

hr 1

120,000

12 Concrete vibrator (Pocker type)

hr 1 50,000

13 Concrete mixer 14/10 hr 1 70,000

14 Concrete mixer 11/7 hr 1 70,000

26 Kirundu 10x1x10ft piece 1 7,000

27 Eucalyptus poles (big size) piece 1 3,900

28 Eucalyptus poles (small size) piece 1

3,600

29 4x2x10ft piece 1 4,000

Ventilators

30 Clay vents piece 1 1,000

31 Pompei grill piece 1 1,400

8MMaterials


8MARAB CONTRACTORS (U) LTD Plot 20 Upper Naguru East Road. P.O. Box 7289 Kampala,0392 786340/[email protected] GENERAL ENTERPRISES LTD; Plot 1 Kataza close 11, City Royal Hotel, Bugolobi0414572485, [email protected], [email protected] ROAD FURNITURE LTDPlot 2065, Kasokoso Road, Kireka.P.O. Box 23545 Kampala0772611816,[email protected] CONSULTINGSURVEYORS: Christeve HouseP.O.Box 2353 Kampala - Uganda,0414343558, 0414259716, 0772781728Email: [email protected] COST ASSOCIATESPlot 2B Nakasero RoadP. O. Box 29835, KampalaTel: 0414259386 Fax: 0414231113Email: [email protected] UGANDA LIMITEDPlot 130, 6th Street, Industrial Area. P.O. Box 22766 Kampala, 0393262168/0393346847, [email protected] WU YI CO LTD Plot 12, Naguru Drive Kampala 0776327623/0783995862, [email protected] LIMITED Plot 59 Katalima Road, opposite police headquaters, Naguru, 0758888001, [email protected] SERVICES LTDPlot 30, Bukoto Crescent, Naguru Hill. P.O.Box 20005,Kampala0414-566140/[email protected] AFRICAN PILING COMPANY LIMITED; Plot 93 Lubowa-Lweza, Entebbe Road,P.O. Box 23132, Kampala, 0783742920, [email protected] ENGENHARIA E CONSTRUCAO AFRICA S.A.Uganda Branch: Plot 2, Park LaneP.O.Box 8453, Kololo - Kampala,Uganda +256 (0)312 203 [email protected] www.mota-engil.comSEYANI INTERNATIONAL COMPANY LTD; Plot 125/6/7 Bombo Rd. Kawempe next to shell. P.O.Box 23067, Kampala, 0414566309/0756222760/0772 222760, [email protected] SERVICES LTDPlot 93 Lubowa-Lweza, (next to Mildmay), Entebbe Road, P.O. Box 23132, Kampala ,0392177267; 0752720953;0752729803, [email protected]@terraingroup.orgABUBAKER TECHNICAL SERVICES & GENERAL SUPPLIES LTD; Kigombya Mukono. P.O. Box 29087, Kampala, 0772577781/0392949990, [email protected] CONSTRUCTIONCOMPANY LIMITED; Plot 1, Swaminarayan Close, Wankulukuku Road, Nalukolongo industrial area. P.O Box 12452, Kampala, 0414273453/4, [email protected] UGANDA LIMITEDEngineering Contractors, Plot 30Kome Crescent, Luzira, P.O.Box 2100 Kampala-Uganda, 0414220327/ 0312103704, 0414220328,[email protected]

EXCEL CONTRUCTION LIMITED; Plot 43/45 Eng Zikusooka Way. P.O Box 1202, Jinja, 0434122068 /0414505959/ 0752229955; [email protected] /[email protected] NAIL & WOOD INDUSTRY LIMITED; Plot 936/970 Block16 Ndeeba, Masaka Road & Plot 26/28 -2nd Street Ind. Area, P.O.Box 103, Kasese0752244116/[email protected]/[email protected] TECHNICAL SERVICES; Plot 1243/4 Block 228 Kyadondo, Mbalwa-NamugongoP.O.Box 786, Kampala, 0772436 595/0753436595/0752736 595 /0392944975; [email protected]@armpass.co.ugMULTIPLEX LTD Old Portbell Road, next to NWSC.0701424315 /[email protected] LIMITEDPlot 22 Ssemawata Place. P.O. Box34764, Kampala, [email protected] CONSTRUCTION LTDPlot 160 A & B Bombo Road, Kawempe. PO.Box172, Kampala0414 567305/331 or 0393 203110 0r 0772767472; [email protected] ENGINEERING (U) LTD; Plot 113 Namugongo Road. P.O Box 71470 Kampala0774 520090, [email protected] ENTERPRISES LIMITED; Plot 43 Kanjokya Street, Kamwokya, P.O. Box 16220 Kampala, 0772748351/ 0772716220/ 0414543510, vambeco @vambeco.comVEKSONS U LIMITEDSuuna Road, next to Uganda AIDSCommission-Ntinda Strecher.0414 258662,[email protected] BUILD (U) LTDPlot 63 Ntinda-Kisasi Road.P.O Box 10736, [email protected] AFRICA LIMITEDPlot 10, Malcom X Road, Kololo0779918103, civtec@civtecafrica. comCORONATION DEVELOPERS (U) LIMITED; Plot 171, Mutesa II Road. Ntinda. P.O. Box 5696, Kampala, [email protected] GENERAL SERVICES LTD; Nsubuga Kakembo Drive, off Kiwatule-Ntinda Road. P.O. Box 3463 Kampala, 0772 [email protected] CONSTRUCTION LTDNtinda- Kulambiro RoadP.O. Box 91, Kampala0772 [email protected] LIMITEDPlot 32 Martyrs Way, NtindaP.O.Box 5588, Kampala0392716055/0772821874/0414286261 [email protected]@gmail.comRODO CONTRACTORS LTDKayanja Close - Mbuya 11 Zone 1, Old Kireka Road, P.O. Box 28505, Kampala, 0392940788/[email protected] CONSTRUCTION LIMITEDPlot 244 Kajjansi, Near Kajjansi

Airfield, P.O.Box- 26443, Kampala , Uganda. 0752732373/[email protected] MARTYRS HOUSING &CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTDKyaliwajjala-Kira Road. P.O. Box 2789, Kampala-Uganda, [email protected] INVESTMENT LTDPlot 7, Rukidi III, Fort Portal,P.O. Box 440, [email protected] ESTABLISHMENTS LTDPlot 5 Ring Road, Kibuye-Kampala0772687683/[email protected] UGANDA LTDPlot 1413 Kibuli-Mbogo RdP.O.Box 12647 Kampala0414 252076/0772 [email protected] ESTATES LIMITEDPlot no :1111, Kansanga-NabutitiP.O. Box 34725 Kampala, Uganda0772202444/[email protected] UGANDA LTDPlot 4 Pilkington RoadKampala, Uganda, P.O. BOX 30315Kampala,0752 [email protected] ENGINEERING LTDMukono-Kawuga [email protected] CONSTRUCTION ANDCOMPANY LTD:Plot 173-174 Ring Road Lubiri (Bell Depot Building), 0784923209/0705 [email protected] MASTERS LIMITEDNtinda Kigoowa Road. Plot 582,opposite Power Trust Solar0772 [email protected] TECHNICAL SERVICES LTD: Plot 13, block 204 KawempeP.O.Box 21064, Kampala0414575437/0752754060/0772708200 [email protected]@yahoo.comARS CONSTRUCTION COMPANY (U)LTD: Block 110 Plot 1174, Jinja Road opposite Memarito Hotel, Bweyogerere, P.O Box 613, Kampala, Uganda, 0777648932/[email protected] CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED:Cynthia House, Kawuku, Kisubi Entebbe Road P.O. Box 10462, Kampala Uganda, 0772466390a_mukiibi@hot,mail.comBUILD BASE ASSOCIATES (U) LTD: Plot 724/5 Theta Building – Mawanda Road, 0772609863/0772 186595,[email protected] CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTD:Plot 163 Ntinda-Naalya Road, Mt. Olive building. P.O. Box 29552 Kampala,[email protected] LTDPlot 251 Kyebando-Kisalosalo Road, Bukoto, 0772630834/[email protected] ENGINEERING WORKS &SUPPLY CO. (U) LTD: Plot 01/03, Barya Plaza. P.O. Box 191Mbarara/ 36276 Kampala0772 [email protected] CONSULTS LIMITED.Plot 205 Hills House, Entebbe Road

P.O. Box 37067, Kampala0414 580472 or [email protected] ENGINEERING LTDP.O. BOX 74710 Kampala, SeetaBukerere Road next to Seeta playground, 0779963000/ [email protected] INVESTMENTS LTD.Plot 433 Jinja Road, Kazinga, Bweyogererre, [email protected] BUILDERS LTDPlot 640, block 195 kyanja-Gayaza Rd, 0414389122/[email protected]@hbl.co.ugKENVIN COMPANY LTDPlot 8/10 Kampala Road. UgandaHouse Building, Third floor.0772 594960 or 0782 [email protected] ENGINEERING &CONSTRUCTION CONSULTANT LTD: Plot 832 Namanve Industrial Park, P.O. Box 8062, Kampala0782264288, [email protected]@yahoo.comMASON CONSULT LTDP.O Box 37322 Kampala Bweyogerere, Kito [email protected] TECHNICALSERVICES LTD: Plot 112 Akamwesi Complex, room E430703397796/[email protected] CONSTRUCTION &VOCATIONAL TRAINING (U) LTDTooro Daiary building, Plot 16B Rukidi, 111 Street, P.O. Box 81, Fort Portal, [email protected] ENGINEERING SERVICES LTD: Plot 3580 Block 273 Nakinga, Movit Road Namasuba Wakiso [email protected] ENTERPRISES LTDPlot 831 Bombo Road 2nd Floor Nissi House, Makerere-Kavule0772498527/[email protected] CONSULTS LTDPlot 13/15 Block 2 Apartment 7B Kira Road, [email protected] SERVICES LIMITEDKisozi House, Plot 8 Kyaggwe Road,P.O. Box 30582, Uganda0782 454568, [email protected]/[email protected] ENTERPRISES COMPANY LTDP.O. Box 28895, KampalaPlot 3 Pilkington Road, NIC Building, 6th floor,0772458421, [email protected] CONTRACTINGPLOT 1021 Bweyogerere-Kirinya Road, 0704 [email protected] TRACK LIMITEDPlot 932, Block 223. 2 floor Ebenezer House, Kireka- Namugongo Rd. Opposite Uganda Martyrs Hardware, [email protected] LIMITEDPlot 2602, Block 216 Ntinda-Kulambiro Road, 0752636110/ 0754535204/0392002613

[email protected]@gmail.comETABCO PANAFRICA LIMITEDPlot 209, Old Kira Road, BukotoKampala, P.O. Box 819 [email protected] LIMITEDPlot 15 Ntinda Complex, Ntinda Road. P.O.Box 36582, Kampala0414-690798 or [email protected] ENTERPRISES (U) LTDPlot 001 Printers Miracle Centre ground, floor, room 002, Nasser Road. P.O Box 8040, [email protected] [email protected] CONSTRUCTION COMPANYLTD: Plot 954 Kintu Road, Kitintale.P.O. Box 2359, Kampala, 0772494329; [email protected] (U) LTDLugalama Shopping Centre, Ntinda.P.O. Box 28785, Kampala0393514613 or 0772 [email protected] CONTRACTORS LTDPlot 1021, Bweyogerere-Kirinya Road, 0704 [email protected] (U) LTDPlot 1547 Block29, 100m off Mawanda Road, Kawempe DivisionP.O. Box 21058 Kampala–[email protected] PRODUCE ENTERPRISES LTDP.O. Box 4 Karuguuza, [email protected] INVESTMENT (U) LTDP.O. Box 1667, Lubiri Ring [email protected] INVESTMENTS LIMITEDKCCA Market Building, Room 007South [email protected] CONSTRUCTIONSERVICES LTD: 3rd Floor Krish Mall. P.O. Box 35879, [email protected] INTERNATIONALINDUSTRIAL CO. LTDPlot 1 Pilkington Road, Kira House,4th floor-suit 59,0705095355/0774 229682, [email protected] AFRICA LIMITEDPlot 1 Lourdel Road, floor 6 Nakasero, P.O. Box 22499, Kampala, [email protected] CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTD: Faibah Plaza, Luwumu Street Mubaraka’s Building, Kihihi TownCouncil, Kanungu District0392 [email protected] CATHAN PROPERTY CONSULT: SKAS house, plot 180, Namuwongo Road, [email protected] ENG WORKS LTDPlot 1996 Block 192 Buwate KiraMunicipal Council 0782475620/ 0701 [email protected] CEMENTPlot 114, Block 165, Namataba, Jinja Road,[email protected]

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MULTIPLE INDUSTRIES LTDPlot 13/23, 8th Street Industrial Area, P.O. Box 20166 Kampala.0414 236021/[email protected] AND TUBE INDUSTRIES LTD: Deals House, Mukabya Road, Nakawa Industrial Area0312261283/[email protected] UGANDA LIMITEDPlot M424 Factory Road, HenleyBusiness Park, Ntinda Industrial Area [email protected] TRUCKS & EQUIPMENT (U) LTD:Namanve Industrial Park, next toToyota Uganda, 0775 [email protected] CENTRE LTDPlot 91-93 6th Street Industrial AreaKampala Uganda, P.O. Box 40090758898736/[email protected]/[email protected] UGANDA LTDPlot 15/17 2nd Street Industrial Area, P.O. Box 31542 Kampala0414255915, [email protected] (U) LTDPlot 31 Ntinda Road Complex Building Block A Floor 10414221565, [email protected]@afrimech.comPOWER AFRICA (U) LIMITEDPlot 4725 Kisota Road, Kisasi0772 712812 [email protected] TECHNICAL SERVICES LTD: Najjera Kiwatule Road0776153606, [email protected] INSURANCE UGANDA LIMITED: 9th Floor Workers House Pilkington Rd, [email protected] INSURANCE COMPANY LTD: Plot 1 Bombo Road, Sure House, Plot 63 Masindi Port Road, [email protected]@swico.co.ugJUBILEE INSURANCE COMPANY OF UGANDA LTD: Jubilee Insurance Centre, Plot 14, Parliament Avenue, P.O. Box 10234 Kampala, Uganda. [email protected] PAINTS (DURA COAT)Plot 91/97, 7th Street, Industrial Area, P.O.Box 70955 Kampala,Fax: 0414-345342,[email protected] 265, Jinja Rd, Bweyogerere-Namanve, 0393 262015/6, 0414 235470/348973, 0766766571/751, 0751 766410: www.crestanks,[email protected] FURNITURE CO. LTD: Plot 26 Jinja Road, KampalaTel: [email protected] 22, Old Portbell Rd, 4th Street, Industrial Area: 0704528373, 0780 334662, [email protected] LTDPlot 126 Lubowa Estate, Entebbe Rd. P.O. Box 7169 Kampala, Uganda,0414200952,0414-200070,200056/98,0312-340100, 0312-340213,Fax: 0414 200953, 0414 200549,Email: [email protected],Website: www.roofings-limited.com

SEKANYOLYA SYSTEMS LTDConrad Plaza, Tel: 0414 231409Email: [email protected]: www.sekanyolya.co.ugUGASA COATINGS LTDPlot 2, 4th Street, Industrial Area,P.O. Box 33403 Kampala, Uganda,Tel: 0414-231307/0772731307,Fax: 0414-231308,[email protected] CLAYS LTDEntebbe Rd, KajjansiTel: 0414 200255/361Cell: 0782 369647/ 0703 369647Email:[email protected]@ugandaclays.co.ugARCE ENGINEERING WORKSAlluminium & Steel Fabricators,Plot 170 6th Street, Industrial AreaP.O. Box 22097 KampalaTel: 031-262-472, 0772419695, 0782978616, 0414-259156,email: [email protected] HOMESG26 Metroplex Mall,Naalya, P.O Box 2753Kampala, Uganda,+256 706 525352Email: [email protected] PEARL ENGINEERING COMPANY LTD: Plot 816 Nsambya Road,P.O. Box 7553 Kampala,Tel: 0414-266043, Fax: 0414-266144,Email: [email protected] VENTURESBuilding and Civil Engineering Contractors, Aqua Plaza, Plot 2220, Portbell Rd, Kitintale, P.O. Box 21788, Tel: 0794 111888, 0793 117131,[email protected] HOLDINGS LTDPlot 71-72 Semawata Rd, Ntinda, Kla-Ug Tel:256 750 992211, 256 750992220, Fax: 256 414 234999Email:[email protected]:www.halaiholdings.comHALCONS LTDPlot 71-72 Semawata Rd, Ntinda, Kla-Ug, P.O Box 9826 Kla-Ug Tel:256 750 992210, 256 750 992211, office: 256 750 992219,Fax: 256 414 234999Email:[email protected],[email protected] SERVICES LTDP.O Box 5327 Kampala, UgandaTel:0704 528970, 0756 [email protected] WORLD (LG)1-5 Spring Close, Wankoko, Kampala P.O. Box 10608 UgandaFax: +256041-4340812www.applianceworld.co.ugCRYSTAL TECHNOLOGIESTel: +256 414 667 333, +256 777 226 730, +256 705 396 [email protected], sales@crystaltechnologiesug.comwww.crystaltechnologiesug.comINCAFEX SOLAR SYSTEMSP.O. Box 8867 Kampala, Uganda,Tel: 0414-251812/25008/250427,Fax: 0414-250427UGANDA INSTITUTION OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERSPlot 2 Gloucester Avenue, Kyambogo, P.O. Box 1308 KampalaTel: +256-414-287292Fax: +256-414-287291Email: [email protected]: www.ugandaengineers.orgMINISTRY OF TRADE INDUSTRY AND COOPERATIVESPlot 6-8 Parliament AvenueP.O. Box 7103, Kampala

UGANDA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: Plot 23 Lumumba Avenue P.O. Box 7042, KampalaTel:+256 414 258206DIRECTORATE OF WATER DEVELOPMENT (DWD)P.O. Box 20026 Kampala,Tel: 0414505950,Fax: 0414-505763/504375ELECTRICITY REGULATORY AUTHORITY: Plot 15 Shimon Road Nakasero, P.O.Box 10332 Kampala,Tel: 0414-34852/646,Fax: 0414-341624,Email: [email protected] OF ENERGY AND MINERAL DEVELOPMENTAmber House RM B219,P.O.Box 7270, Kampala-UgandaNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY(NEMA): NEMA HousePlot 17/19/21 Jinja Road,P.O. Box 22255 Kampala,Tel: 0414-251064/5/8, Fax: 0414-257521,www.nemaug.orgNATIONAL HOUSING & CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTDPlot 5, 7th Street, Industrial AreaP.O.Box 659, Kampala, UgandaTel: 0414330002, 0392760040/1, Fax: 0414-258708www.nhcc.co.ugNATIONAL PLANNING AUTHORITY PLANNING HOUSEPlot 15B, Clement Hill RoadP.O BOX 21434, Kampala, UgandaNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY FUND: 13th Floor Workers HousePlot 1 Pilkington RoadP.O. Box 7140 Kampala-UgandaNATIONAL WATER AND SEWERAGE CORPORATIONPlot 39, Jinja Rd, P.O Box 7053, Kla-Ug Tel: 0414 351000, 0312 260414, [email protected]:www.nwsc.co.ugPUBLIC PROCUREMENT AND DISPOSAL OF PUBLICASSETS AUTHORITY: UEDCL Towers. Plot 39 Nakasero Road,P.O. Box 3925,Kampala UgandaTel: 256 414311100Fax: 256 414344858 Or 256 414250031, www.ppda.go.ugEmail: [email protected] ELECTRIFICATION AGENCY: Plot 1 Pilkington Road10th Floor, Workers HouseP.O.Box 7317 KampalaTel: 0312-264095Fax: 0414-346013Email: [email protected] NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS: Plot 127 Nakawa Industrial Area, P.O.Box 6329 Tel:0414-222367/505995 Fax: [email protected] NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; Plot 3/5/7 Nasser Road, P.O. Box 6884 KampalaTel: 0414-705500/250499Fax: 0414-234579Website: www.uncst.go.ugUGANDA INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTEPlot 42A Mukabya Road Nakawa Industrial Area, P.O.Box 7086 Kampala, Tel: 0414-378735, Fax: 0414-286695UGANDA NATIONAL ROADS AUTHORITY: Plot 11 Yusuf Lule Road, P.O.Box 28487 Kampala -Uganda Tel: 0312-233100, 0414-318000 Fax: 0414-232807/347616

HEAD OFFICEContact: IMC Worldwide LtdEmail: [email protected]: 64-68 London Road Redhill, Surrey RH1 1LG, United KingdomTel: +44 (0)1737 231400Fax: +44 (0)1737 771107

UGANDAContact: Hillary Ahimbisibwe, Country Representative–UgandaEmail: [email protected]: First Floor, Room 105, Plot 128, Kamure Park – Bukoto, Old Kira Road, Behind Bukoto White Flats, Kampala, UgandaTel: +256 (0)779 514 783

Project Managers and Quantity SurveyorsYMRPlot 4 Kyadondo Road, Trust Towers, 3rd Floor, P.O.Box 7742, Kampala, UgandaTel: +256-414 259 676; +256-414 235 083 Mob: +256-772 642 167Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

MACE LTD155 Moorgate, London EC2M 6XB, United KingdomTel.: +44(0)2035223000www.macegroup.com/maceYMR

TERRAIN PLANTPlot 93 Lubowa (Next to Mildmay Hospital), Lweza, Entebbe Road+256 393 260036, +256 [email protected]

Engineering and Civil Works Contractors

Plot 251,Bukoto, Kisalosalo Road P.O Box 37585 Kampala

Tel:+256 779493437 +256 704220089 +256414 691834

Email:[email protected]

Engineers Registration

Board

Management Support Unit Building Public Works Training CentrePlot2, Gloucester Avenue, KyambogoP.O. Box 29267, Kampala, Tel.: +256 414 288 771Email: [email protected]: www.erb.go.ug


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