Military History Anniversaries 0316 Thru 033116

8/19/2019 Military History Anniversaries 0316 Thru 033116

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Military History Anniversaries 16 thru 31 MAR

Events in History over the next 15 day period that had U.S. military involvement or

impacted in some ay on U.S military operations or American interests

• Mar 16 1802 – The United States Military Academy–the first military school in the UnitedStates–is founded by Congress for the urose of educating and training young men in the theoryand ractice of military science! "ocated at #est $oint% &e' (or)% the U!S! Military Academy is

often simly )no'n as #est $oint!

• Mar 16 186* – Ci+il #ar, -attle of A+erasboro . Union /eneral #illiam T! Sherman encountersits most significant resistance as it tears through the Carolinas on its 'ay to oin /eneral Ulysses/rants army at $etersburg% irginia! Confederate /eneral #illiam 3ardee tried to bloc) one'ing of Shermans force but the motley 4ebel force 'as s'et aside at in this &orth Carolina battle Casualties and "osses, US 5* )illed% *0 'ounded% *0 missing 7 CSA lost about 86* total!

• Mar 16 1516 – ##1, Admiral Alfred +on Tirit% the man largely resonsible for the buildu ofthe /erman na+y in the years before #orld #ar 9 and the aggressi+e na+al strategy ursued by/ermany during the first t'o years of the 'ar% tenders his resignation to :aiser #ilhelm 99% 'ho ;some'hat to Tirits surrise;accets it!

• Mar 16 15* – Adolf 3itler orders /ermany to rearm herself in +iolation of the ersailles Treaty!

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• Mar 16 15


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• Mar 1? 15


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• Mar 15 186 – Ci+il #ar, The SS /eorgiana% said to ha+e been the most o'erful Confederatecruiser% is destroyed on her maiden +oyage 'ith a cargo of munitions% medicines and merchandisethen +alued at o+er J1%000%000!

• Mar 15 186* – Ci+il #ar, -attle of -enton+ille &C . Confederate /eneral >oseh >ohnstonma)es a deserate attemt to sto Union /eneral #illiam T! Shermans dri+e through theCarolinas in the #ars last daysK ho'e+er% >ohnstons motley force could not sto the ad+ance ofShermans mighty army! -y the end of the battle t'o days later% Confederate forces had retreated!Casualties and losses, US 1%*2? . CSA 2%606

• Mar 15 1516 – ##1, Me=ico . The Birst Aero SGuadron% organied in 151< after the outbrea) of #orld #ar 9% flies a suort mission for the ?%000 U!S! troos 'ho% si= days earlier% had in+adedMe=ico on $resident #oodro' #ilsons orders to cature Me=ican re+olutionary Brancisco$ancho illa dead or ali+e!

• Mar 15 15


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South :orean contingent 'as art of the Bree #orld Military Borces% an effort by $resident"yndon -! >ohnson to enlist allies for the United States and South ietnam!

• Mar 15 15?0 – ietnam, Cambodia . The &ational Assembly grants Hfull o'erI to $remier "on &ol% declares a state of emergency% and susends four articles of the constitution% ermittingarbitrary arrest and banning ublic assembly! "on &ol and Birst @euty $remier $rince Siso'athSiri) Mata) had conducted a bloodless cou against $rince &orodom Sihanou) the day before

and roclaimed the establishment of the :hmer 4eublic!• Mar 15 2002 – Afghanistan, Feration Anaconda ends started on March 2D after )illing *00

Taliban and al aeda fighters 'ith 11 allied troo fatalities!• Mar 15 200 – 9raG, The United States% along 'ith coalition forces rimarily from the United

:ingdom% initiates 'ar on 9raG! >ust after e=losions began to roc) -aghdad% U!S! $resident/eorge #! -ush announced in a tele+ised address!

• Mar 20 1??8 – American 4e+olution, -enamin Bran)lin% Silas @eane and Arthur "ee resentthemsel+es to Brances :ing "ouis N9 as official reresentati+es of the United States! "ouisN9 'as s)etical of the fledgling reublic% but his disli)e of the -ritish e+entually o+ercamethese concerns and Brance officially recognied the United States!

• Mar 20 1522 – ##1, >ust t'o days after its na+y suffered a demoraliing defeat against Tur)ish

forces at the @ardanelles% the -ritish go+ernment signs a secret agreement 'ith 4ussia regardingthe hyothetical ost.#orld #ar 9 di+ision of the former Fttoman Emire!• Mar 20 1522 – The USS "angley C–1D is commissioned as the first United States &a+y aircraft

carrier!

• Mar 20 15e'ish ghetto!

• Mar 20 15


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• Mar 20 15*ust three days after

-ritish "oyalists and 3essian mercenary forces assault the local &e' >ersey militia at uintons-ridge% three miles from Salem% &e' >ersey% the same contingent surrises the colonial militia at3ancoc)s -ridge% fi+e miles from Salem! @uring the battle% the "oyalists not only )ill se+eralmembers of the Salem militia% but also t'o )no'n "oyalists!

• Mar 21 1518 – ##9, The /erman Army oened the Sring Fffensi+e 'ith Feration MichaelBirst -attle of the SommeD attemting to brea) through the Allied lines and to seie orts on theEnglish Channel!

• Mar 21 15ohnsons initiati+e!

• Mar 21 15?1 – ietnam, T'o U!S! latoons in ietnam refuse their orders to ad+ance• Mar 21 15?2 – ietnam, 9n Cambodia% more than 100 ci+ilians are )illed and 280 'ounded as

communist artillery and roc)ets stri)e $hnom $enh and outlying areas in the hea+iest attac) since

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the beginning of the 'ar in 15?0! Bollo'ing the shelling% a communist force of *00 troosattac)ed and entered Ta)h Mau% si= miles southeast of $nom $enh% )illing at least 2* ci+ilians!

• Mar 21 1580 – Cold #ar, $resident >immy Carter informs a grou of U!S! athletes that% inresonse to the @ecember 15?5 So+iet incursion into Afghanistan% the United States 'ill boycottthe 1580 Flymics in Mosco'! 9t mar)ed the first and only time that the United States has boycotted the Flymics!

• Mar 22 1?1 – The Tuscarora #ar comes to an end 'ith the fall of Bort &eohero)a% effecti+elyoening u the interior of &orth Carolina to Euroean coloniation!

• Mar 22 1?6* – American 4e+olution, Stam Act . 9n an effort to raise funds to ay off debts anddefend the +ast ne' American territories 'on from the Brench in the Se+en (ears #ar 1?*6.1?6D% the -ritish go+ernment asses the Stam Act! The legislation le+ied a direct ta= on allmaterials rinted for commercial and legal use in the colonies% from ne'saers and amhlets to laying cards and dice! This along 'ith other -ritish ta=es raised the issue of ta=ation 'ithoutreresentation

• Mar 22 151* – ##1, After si= months of battle% the Austrian garrison at $remysl no' in$olandD% the citadel guarding the northeastern.most oint of the Austro.3ungarian emire% falls tothe 4ussians

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Mar 22 155 – ##2, /ermany ta)es Memel from "ithuania!• Mar 22 15


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tactical situations in 'hich the iet Cong intermingle 'ith or ta)e refuge among non.combatants%rather than use artillery or aerial bombardment!I

• Mar 22 1568 – ietnam, /en! #illiam #estmoreland is aointed Army Chief of Staff! /en!Creighton Abrams relaced him as commander of U!S! forces in ietnam! As #estmorelandssuccessor% Abrams faced the difficult tas) of imlementing the ietnamiation rogram instituted by the &i=on administration!

• Mar 2 1??* – 4e+olutionary #ar, @uring a seech before the second irginia Con+ention at St!>ohnPs Church in 4ichmond% $atric) 3enry resonds to the increasingly oressi+e -ritish ruleo+er the American colonies by declaring% H9 )no' not 'hat course others may ta)e% but as for me%gi+e me liberty or gi+e me deathQ I$atric) 3enry deli+ers his seech /i+e me "iberty% or gi+eme @eathQ

• Mar 2 1862 – Ci+il #ar, The Birst -attle of :ernsto'n% irginia . The battle mar)ed the start of Stone'all >ac)sonPs alley Camaign! Although his only defeat throughout the 'ar% theengagement distracts Bederal efforts to cature 4ichmond! Casualties and losses, US *00 . CSA?18

• Mar 2 1518 – ##1, At ?,20 in the morning an e=losion in the $lace de la 4eubliGue in $arisannounces the first attac) of a ne' /erman gun! The $aris)anone% or $aris gun% as it came to be

)no'n% 'as manufactured by :rusK it 'as 210mm% 'ith a 118.foot.long barrel% 'hich couldfire a shell the imressi+e distance of some 10%000 feet% or 2* miles% into the air! Three of themfired on $aris that day from a gun site at CrRy.en."aonnaise% ?< miles a'ay!

• Mar 2 1515 – Bascism, -enito Mussolini% an 9talian #orld #ar 9 +eteran and ublisher ofSocialist ne'saers% brea)s 'ith the 9talian Socialists and establishes the nationalist Basci diCombattimento% named after the 9talian easant re+olutionaries% or HBighting -ands%I from the15th century! Commonly )no'n as the Bascist $arty% Mussolinis ne' right.'ing organiationad+ocated 9talian nationalism% had blac) shirts for uniforms% and launched a rogram of terrorismand intimidation against its leftist oonents!

• Mar 2 15aanese forces occuy Andaman 9slands in 9ndian Fcean!• Mar 2 15aanese ancestry into detention centers!• Mar 2 15


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• Mar 2 158 – Cold #ar, 9n an address to the nation% $resident 4onald 4eagan rooses that theUnited States embar) on a rogram to de+elo antimissile technology that 'ould ma)e thecountry nearly imer+ious to attac) by nuclear missiles! 4eagans seech mar)ed the beginningof 'hat came to be )no'n as the contro+ersial Strategic @efense 9nitiati+e S@9D!

• Mar 2 155< – A United States Air Borce USABD B–16 aircraft collides 'ith a USAB C–10 at$oe Air Borce -ase and then crashes% )illing 2< United States Army soldiers on the ground! Thislater became )no'n as the /reen 4am disaster!

• Mar 2 200 – 9raG #ar, 9n &asiriyah% 11 soldiers of the *0?th Maintenance Comany as 'ell as18 U!S! Marines are )illed during the first maor conflict of Feration 9raGi Breedom! 6*< 9raGicombatants are also )illed!

• Mar 2< 1?6* . American 4e+olution, -ritish $arliament asses the uartering Act% outlining thelocations and conditions in 'hich their soldiers are to find room and board in the Americancolonies! The Act reGuired the colonies to house -ritish soldiers in barrac)s ro+ided by thecolonies! 9f the barrac)s 'ere too small to house all the soldiers% then localities 'ere toaccommodate the soldiers in local inns% li+ery stables% ale houses% +ictualling houses% and thehouses of sellers of 'ine! As the language of the act ma)es clear% the oular image of 4edcoatstossing colonists from their bedchambers in order to mo+e in themsel+es 'as not the intent of thela'K neither 'as it the ractice!

• Mar 2< 1862 – Ci+il #ar, Abolitionist orator #endell $hillis is booed 'hile attemting to gi+e

a lecture in Cincinnati% Fhio! The angry cro'd 'as oosed to fighting for the freedom of sla+es%as $hillis ad+ocated! 3e 'as elted 'ith roc)s and eggs before friends 'his)ed him a'ay 'hena small riot bro)e out!

• Mar 2< 1518 – ##1, /erman forces cross the Somme 4i+er% achie+ing their first goal of themaor sring offensi+e begun three days earlier on the #estern Bront!

• Mar 2< 15


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• Mar 2< 15?? – Cold #ar, Bor the first time since se+ering dilomatic relations in 1561% Cuba andthe United States enter into direct negotiations 'hen the t'o nations discuss fishing rights! Thetal)s mar)ed a dramatic% but short.li+ed% change in relations bet'een the t'o Cold #ar enemies!

• Mar 2< 1555 . :oso+o #ar, &ATF commences aerial bombardment against (ugosla+ia% mar)ingthe first time &ATF has attac)ed a so+ereign country!

• Mar 2< 1??< – American 4e+olution, -ritish $arliament asses the -oston $ort Act% closing the ort of -oston and demanding that the citys residents ay for the nearly J1 million 'orth intodays moneyD of tea dumed into -oston 3arbor during the -oston Tea $arty of @ecember 16%

1??!• Mar 2* 186* – Ci+il #ar, -attle of Bort Stedman . Confederate /eneral 4obert E! "ee ma)es his

last attac) of the 'ar in a deserate attemt to brea) out of $etersburg% irginia! The attac) failed%and 'ithin a 'ee) "ee 'as e+acuating his ositions around $etersburg! Casualties and "osses,The Union lost around 1%000 men )illed% 'ounded% and catured% 'hile "ee lost robably threetimes that number% including some 1%*00 catured during the retreat!

• Mar 2* 151* – 1st submarine disaster! USS B–< SS–2D sun) after a battery e=losion off3onolulu% 3a'aii! 21 died!

• Mar 2* 15aan!

• Mar 2* 15


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• Mar 2* 1568 – ietnam, >ohnson meets 'ith the #ise Men . After being told by @efenseSecretary Clar) Clifford that the #ar is a Hreal loser%I $resident >ohnson% still uncertain about hiscourse of action% decides to con+ene a nine.man anel of retired residential ad+isors! The grou%'hich became )no'n as the H#ise Men%I after t'o days of deliberation reached a consensus!They ad+ised against any further troo increases and recommended that the administration see) anegotiated eace!

• Mar 2* 15?1 – ietnam, The Army of the 4eublic of ietnam abandon an attemt to cut off the3o Chi Minh trail in "aos

• Mar 2* 15?* – ietnam, The former imerial caital of 3ue fell to &orth ietnamese troosalong 'ith the entire Thua Thien $ro+ince!

• Mar 2* 155< – Somalia, At the end of a largely unsuccessful 1*.month mission% the last U!S!troos deart Somalia% lea+ing 20%000 U!&! troos behind to )ee the eace and facilitate Hnation buildingI in the di+ided country!

• Mar 26 1??6 – American 4e+olution, The $ro+incial Congress of South Carolina aro+es a ne'constitution and go+ernment on this day in 1??6! The legislature renames itself the /eneralAssembly of South Carolina and elects >ohn 4utledge as resident% 3enry "aurens as +ice resident and #illiam 3enry @rayton as chief ustice!

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Mar 26 186< – Ci+il #ar, /eneral >ames -! Mc$herson assumes command of the Union Armyof the Tennessee after #illiam T! Sherman is ele+ated to commander of the @i+ision of theMississii% the o+erall leader in the #est!

• Mar 26 151? – ##9, Birst -attle of /aa . Attemting to ad+ance into $alestine% -ritish 'eredefeated by Fttoman troos! Casualties and losses, /- %56? – FE/erA3 1%651

• Mar 26 15


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• Mar 26 1565 – ietnam, A grou called #omen Stri)e for $eace demonstrate in #ashington%@!C!% in the first large anti'ar demonstration since $resident 4ichard &i=ons inauguration in>anuary! The anti'ar mo+ement had initially gi+en &i=on a chance to ma)e good on hiscamaign romises to end the 'ar in ietnam! 3o'e+er% it became increasingly clear that &i=onhad no Guic) solution! As the fighting dragged on% anti'ar sentiment against the resident and hishandling of the 'ar mounted steadily during his term in office!

• Mar 26 15?0 – *00th nuclear e=losion announced by the U!S! since 15ac)son

defeat the Cree) at the -attle of 3orseshoe -end!

+he ,attle o) Horseshoe ,end

• Mar 2? 186 – Te=as 4e+olution, /oliad massacre – Antonio "e de Santa Anna orders theMe=ican army to )ill about


13/18

-eronimo 1/(/

• Mar 2? 1518 – ##9, 9n the 'a)e of 4ussias 'ithdra'al from #orld #ar 9 and its accetance of the humiliating eace terms set by the Central $o'ers at -rest."ito+s)% the -al)an reublic of4omania anne=es -essarabia% a strategically imortant area of land located on its eastern borderand bounded on the south by the @anube 4i+er and the mouth of the -lac) Sea!

• Mar 2? 15


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• Mar 28 1?5< – American 4e+olution, Uset by the -oston Tea $arty and other blatant acts ofdestruction of -ritish roerty by American colonists% the -ritish $arliament enacts the Coerci+eActs% to the outrage of American $atriots!

• Mar 28 1862 – American Ci+il #ar, -attle of /lorieta $ass – Union forces sto the Confederatein+asion of &e' Me=ico territory in the t'o day battle! Casualties and losses, US 12* . CSA 12

• Mar 28 151* – ##9, The first American citien is )illed in the eight.month.old Euroeanconflict that 'ould become )no'n as the Birst #orld #ar! "eon Thrasher% a 1.year.old miningengineer and nati+e of Massachusetts% dro'ned 'hen a /erman submarine% the U.28% toredoedthe cargo.assenger shi Balaba% on its 'ay from "i+erool to #est Africa% off the coast ofEngland! Ff the 2


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• Mar 28 200 – 9n a friendly fire incident% t'o A.10 Thunderbolt 99 attac) aircraft from the UnitedStates 9daho Air &ational /uardPs 150th Bighter SGuadron attac) -ritish tan)s articiating in the200 in+asion of 9raG% )illing -ritish soldier Matty 3ull!

• Mar 25 18


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in a massacre of ietnamese ci+ilians% including 'omen and children% at My "ai anuary 2?%15?% the last U!S! troos deart South ietnam% ending nearly 10 years of U!S! military resencein that country! The U!S! Military Assistance Command ietnam headGuarters 'as disestablished!Fnly a @efense Attache Fffice and a fe' Marine guards at the Saigon American Embassyremained% although roughly 8%*00 U!S! ci+ilians stayed on as technical ad+isers to the Southietnamese!

• Mar 0 1??* – American 4e+olution, 3oing to )ee the &e' England colonies deendent onthe -ritish% :ing /eorge 999 formally endorses the &e' England 4estraining Act! The ActreGuired &e' England colonies to trade e=clusi+ely 'ith /reat -ritain as of 1 >U"! An additionalrule 'ould come into effect on 20 >U"% banning colonists from fishing in the &orth Atlantic!

• Mar 0 1518 – ##9, -attle of Moreuil #ood . -ritish% Australian and Canadian troos mount asuccessful counter.attac) against the /erman offensi+e recaturing most of the area and forcing aturn in the tide of the battle in fa+or of the Allies!

• Mar 0 15aan establishes its o'n go+ernment in conGuered &an)ing% the formercaital of &ationalist China! &an)ing 'as declared by the >aanese to be the center of a ne'Chinese go+ernment% a regime controlled by #ang Ching.'ei% a defector from the &ationalistcause and no' a >aanese uet!

• Mar 0 15


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n7ured 4ietnamese receive aid as they lie on the street a)ter a om explosion outside the U.S. Emassy in Sai*on

4ietnam March 38 1(65

• Mar 0 15?2 – ietnam, The Easter Fffensi+e begins 'ith 3anoi launching its hea+iest attac) infour years% crossing into the @ML! A maor coordinated communist offensi+e oens 'ith thehea+iest military action since the sieges of Allied bases at Con Thien and :he Sanh in 1568!Committing almost their entire army to the Easter offensi+e% the &orth ietnamese launched a

massi+e three.ronged attac) into South ietnam! Bour &orth ietnamese di+isions attac)eddirectly across the @emilitaried Lone in uang Tri ro+ince! Thirty.fi+e South ietnamesesoldiers died in the initial attac) and hundreds of ci+ilians and soldiers 'ere 'ounded!

• Mar 1 1??6 – American 4e+olution, Abigail Adams 'rites to her husband% >ohn Adams% urginghim and the other members of the Continental Congress not to forget about the nations 'omen'hen fighting for Americas indeendence from /reat -ritain!

• Mar 1 186* – Ci+il #ar, The final offensi+e of the Army of the $otomac gathers steam 'henUnion /eneral $hili Sheridan mo+es against the left flan) of Confederate /eneral 4obert E!"ees Army of &orthern irginia near @in'iddie Court 3ouse! The limited action set the stage for the -attle of Bi+e Bor)s% irginia% on 1 A$4!

• Mar 1 150* – ##9, :aiser #ilhelm of /ermany arri+es in Tangiers to declare his suort forthe sultan of Morocco% ro+o)ing the anger of Brance and -ritain in 'hat 'ill become )no'n asthe Birst Moroccan Crisis% a foreshado'ing of the greater conflict bet'een Euroes great nationsstill to come% the Birst #orld #ar!

• Mar 1 15ohnson had sent %*00 Marines to @a &ang to secure the U!S!airbase there! These troos 'ere ostensibly there only for defensi+e uroses% but >ohnson%

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desite his rotestations to the contrary% 'as already considering gi+ing the authoriation for theU!S! troos to go from defensi+e to offensi+e tactics!

• Mar 1 1568 – ietnam, 9n a tele+ised seech to the nation% $resident "yndon -! >ohnsonannounces a artial halt of bombing missions o+er &orth ietnam and rooses eace tal)s! 3esaid he had ordered HunilaterallyI a halt to air and na+al bombardments of &orth ietnam He=cetin the area north of the @emilitaried Lone% 'here the continuing enemy build.u directly

threatens Allied for'ard ositions!I• Mar 1 15?2 – ietnam, After firing more than *%000 roc)ets% artillery% and mortar shells on 12

South ietnamese ositions ust belo' the @emilitaried Lone% the &orth ietnamese Armylaunches ground assaults against South ietnamese ositions in uang Tri $ro+ince! The attac)s'ere thro'n bac)% 'ith 8? &orth ietnamese )illed

• Mar 1 1551 – Cold #ar, After 6 years in e=istence% the #arsa' $act;the military alliance bet'een the So+iet Union and its eastern Euroean satellites;comes to an end! The action 'asyet another sign that the So+iet Union 'as losing control o+er its former allies and that the Cold#ar 'as falling aart!

WSource, htt,'''!history!comthis.day.in.history Mar 2016 XXY

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Military History Anniversaries 0316 Thru 033116

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