1. The editor often regarded as the unsummon hero of film making it is the editors job to meticulously go through the individual shots to create a motion picture. Film editing is sometimes referred to as the "invisible art" because when it is well-practiced, the viewer can become so engaged that he or she is not even aware of the editor's work. The job of an editor isnt simply to mechanically put pieces of a film together, cut off film slates, or edit dialogue scenes. A film editor must creatively work with the layers of images, story, dialogue, music, pacing, as well as the actors' performances to effectively "re-imagine" and even rewrite the film to craft a cohesive whole.The role of the editor 2. First prepare for the editing by analyzing all shots Cutting on the action Or Cutting on cross frame movement Cutting to empty frame and letting subject come in Cutting to secondary action by tilting to main subject Cutting on an emphatic part of dialogue Editing techniques 3. Story telling Before sound came into film silent movies used cut to subtitle pages narrating what was going on. The major milestone that brought about talkies and an end to the silent era was the 1927 the jazz singer essentially the first musical. Was the first motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequence. The film was based on day of atonement which was a play written by Samson Raphnelson. However was met with much controversy because of its blatantly racist content. 4. The impact of sound The location mixing: is the editing of all the live sound. The mixer tends to record what is really only a mixed reference track for the editors, while simultaneously recording separate tracks of each isolated microphone to be used in the actual post production mix. ADR automatic dialogue replacement or looping. ADR is the recording of replacement dialogue in sync with the picture. Walla or group loop Additional audio is recorded for groups of people. This is usually for background sounds, like guests in a restaurant. Dialogue editing: The dialogue editor will take this cut and break out all individual mic tracks. They will make sure all directors cues are removed and they will often add room tone and ambience to smooth out the recording. Sound effects editing/sound design: For example, the villains lair might always feature certain sounds that are identifiable with that character e.g. dripping water, rats squeaking, a distant clock chiming, etc. Foley Foley is the art of live sound effects recording. Music In an ideal film scenario, a composer creates all the music for a film. Laugh tracks This is usually a part of sitcom TV production and not feature films. When laugh tracks are added, the laughs are usually placed by sound effects editors who specialize in adding laughs Re-recording mix Since location recording is called location mixing, the final, post production mix is called a re-recording mix. This is the point at which divergent sound elements dialogue, ADR, sound effects, Foley and music all meet and are mixed in sync to the final picture. On a large film, these various elements can easily take up 150 or more tracks and require two or three mixers to man the console 5. Important people in the development of editing: Dw Griffith one of the more controversial names in the history of editing for having made the film birth of a nation, he also introduced techniques such as parallel editing (an editing technique whereby cutting occurs between two or more related actions occurring at the same time in different places) he influenced other famous directors such as kuleshov and ended up coining what came to be known as classic Hollywood editing. 6. In Russia Kulshov one of the first editors in the 1920s saw editing as a the essence of cinema and could be duplicated by no other medium. He argued that putting a film together was like making a building brick by brick, he is also clamed to have established the montage which would become popular as far away as Hollywood. He went on to establish the worlds first film school Moscow school of film. 7. The Lumire brothers, Auguste and Louis, were sons of well known Lyons based portrait painter Antoine Lumire. They were both technically minded and excelled in science subjects and were sent to Technical School. Louis developed a new 'dry plate' process in 1881 at the age of seventeen, it became known as the 'Etiquette Bleue after taking ideas from Edison's kinetescope in 1895 the two made there own device patenting it on February 13th 1895, the Cinmatographe. 8. Sergei Einstein was another Soviet film maker who was a former student of kulshov however they disagreed on the ideas of montage. He went on to direct Battleship Piptemkin which was a dramatic version of the mutiny aboard the Piptemkin in 1905 under the Tsar regime. It was considered one of the greatest films in history thanks to its use of montage editing, it went one to inspire an entire style of editing.