© 2015 IBM Corporation

Migrating Java EE applications to IBM Bluemix Platform-as-a-Service

David Currie

Jack Cai

Understand the Basics:Cloud, Bluemix, Cloud Foundry

Traditional Deployment

• Slow to set up

• Expensive

• Manage everything

• Maintain security

• Lots of waste

You

Manage

Networking

Storage

Servers

O/S

Middleware

Runtime

Database

Application

2

Cloud Service Models

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Software as a Service (Saas)

3

Pizza as a Service

4

Cloud Service Models

• Public Cloud

• Over the internet

• Fast & cheap

• Private Cloud

• More control

• Hybrid Cloud

• Interconnected

5

Build Your Own CloudUse virtualized WebSphere

App Server on your hardware

IaaS – AmazonBYOS&L - WebSphere App

Server

PaaS - BluemixComposable services

WebSphere Liberty Profile

Pure Application SystemsBuild reusable & redeployable

patterns using the WebSphere

App Server

PaaS - Cloud FoundryWebSphere Liberty Build

Pack

IaaS - SoftLayerBYOS&L - WebSphere App Server

Public Cloud

Economies

Time to Market

Shared Everything

Economics

Packaged Services

Total Control

Maximum Flexibility

Maximum Security

On-Premises IaaS PaaS

WebSphere Application Server - Flexibility in cloud

6

WebSphere Application Server

• One solution, multiple deployment options

• Right fit your application server

• WebSphere Application Server Liberty Core for web

applications

• Network Deployment for maximum availability, scale, and QOS

• Right fit your deployments

• Traditional for maximum security, control, flexibility, and SOR

• IaaS for hybrid environments and peak workloads

• PaaS for Systems of Engagement

• Integrated across deployment platforms

• Move between platforms with license mobility

• Move at your own pace

On Premise

On Cloud

7

Bluemix was built from the ground up with a user-based and design-centric approach.

It addresses these personas and key needs.

Our users include novice,

born-on-the-cloud, and

enterprise developers.

Want to compose

applications quickly with

useful APIs, to avoid

tedious backend config.

Expect fast time-to-value,

simplicity, flexibility, clear

documentation.

Failing

Fast

Seconds to

DeployFriction

Free

Any

Language

Continuous

Integration

Mobile

ReadyFocus on

Code

Choice of

Tools

Useful

APIs

Bluemix Goals: Focus on the Cloud & Enterprise Application Developer

8

Bluemix: IBM’s Cloud Platform

• DevOps

• Big Data

• Mobile

• Watson

• Business Analytics

Bluemix service categories

• Database

• Web and application

• Security

• Internet of Things

• Integration

• Containers

Developer experience

• Rapidly deploy and scale

applications in any language.

• Compose applications quickly

with useful APIs and services

and avoid tedious backend

config.

• Realize fast time-to-value with

simplicity, flexibility and clear

documentation.

Enterprise capability

• Securely integrate with existing

on-prem data and systems.

• Choose from flexible

deployment models.

• Manage the full application

lifecycle with DevOps.

• Develop and deploy on a

platform built on a foundation of

open technology.Built on a foundation of open

technology.

Build, run, scale, manage, integrate & secure applications in the cloud

9

Bluemix embraces Cloud Foundry as an open source Platform as a

Service and extends it with IBM, third party, and community built services.

How does Bluemix work?

10

Key Concepts

• cf: the command line tool used to interact with the

CloudFoundry environment, via the cloud controller component

• Buildpack: a collection of code responsible for transforming

pushed application artifacts into a ready-to-run droplet, in a

process referred to as ‘staging’

• Droplet: a package containing everything that is needed in

order to successfully run your application (e.g. JRE, Liberty, the

application itself) short of the operating system

• Service: the means of providing runtime dependencies needed

by an application, e.g. a database

• Warden: the containerization mechanism used to achieve

application isolation in the CloudFoundry environment

11

Cloud Foundry Architecture

12

IBM Confidential June 7, 2013

Application Push

• Push a stand-alone application to the cloud

• cf push –p <path to file>

• Default server configuration provided by the buildpack

13

Application Staging

Buildpack

14

WebSphere Liberty Buildpack

• Buildpack for running applications on IBM WebSphere

Application Server Liberty Profile

• Designed to run “packaged” servers, web applications and EAR

packages

• Generates the Liberty server configuration for bound services

• Simplifies developers’ lives by requiring minimal configuration

and making it easy to consume services

• Loads into the server only what is needed for a running

application

• https://github.com/cloudfoundry/ibm-websphere-liberty-

buildpack

15

Service Integration with the Liberty buildpack

• IBM services

• SQLDB / dashDB

• Monitoring and Analytics service

• Auto-Scaling

• Single Sign On

• Data Cache

• Session Cache

• MQ Light

• Cloudant

• Third party/community services

• New Relic

• mysql / ClearDB

• Postgresql / ElephantSQL

• mongodb / MongoLab

Information about bound services is

available in the VCAP_SERVICES env var

Some services are container managed only

(SessionCache)

Some services can be either container

managed or application managed (SQLDB)

Some services contain multiple features which can be separately enabled(Monitoring and Analytics)

Some services have local analogs (SQLDB, mongo) and some do not (Monitoring and Analytics)

Services may require client driver JARs, extension features (WXS ESA), Liberty features, bootstrap.properties

16

Migrating your code

social

x2020

monitoring

workloaddecision

databasesms

mobilepush

geolocation

Incremental Progression

18

Programming model gaps: Java EE 6

Java EE 6 Web

Profile

WAS Liberty profile WAS Full profile

JSONP 1.0

JSON 1.0

Servlet 3.1

Web Socket 1.0

Concurrent 1.0

JAXB 2.2

CouchDB

MongoDB

Open ID 2.0

OAuth 2.0

JCA 1.6

JMS 1.1

JAX-WS 2.2

MDB 3.1

Java EE 6 Web

Profile

EJB Remote, 2.x, Timers

Java Mail 1.5

JACC 1.5

JASPIC 1.1

Java 2 Security

JavaMgmt 1.1

EnterpriseWS 1.4

*JAXR/UDDI

*JAX-RPC

JCA 1.6

JMS 1.1

JAX-WS 2.2

MDB 3.1

Java EE

App

Client

*deprecated

by Java EE

19

Coding Do’s and Don’ts

• Stateless

• Ephemeral file system

• Ephemeral memory

• Ports

• Security

• Avoid creating new process instances

• Avoid writing to the local file system

• Capture log information

• HTTP session persistence

• Listening for inbound connections

• Stopping the server

• Transport security is terminated at the router

• Two-phase commit transactions

20

The Twelve Factor App – http://12factor.net/

1. One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys

2. Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies

3. Store config in the environment

4. Treat backing services as attached resources

5. Strictly separate build and run stages

6. Execute the app as one or more stateless processes

7. Export services via port binding

8. Scale out via the process model

9. Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown

10. Keep development, staging, and production as similar as

possible

11. Treat logs as event streams

12. Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes

21

DayTrader

• Performance benchmark app

• Java EE 6

• Uses database for persistence

• The application or database does

not scale

• “System of Record”

• Nothing cloud about it!

22

Deploy DayTrader to Bluemix

• Tooling to help migrate

• IBM WebSphere Application Server Migration

Toolkit V8.5.5

– Liberty Technology Preview

• Talks to either a cloud or on-premise database

• Value-Add

• Application can scale horizontally

• Load balancing

• High availability

23

Database

• Use database services provided by Bluemix

• Powerful auto-configuration features makes it easy to consume!

@Resource (name = "jdbc/mydb")

private DataSource db;

“mydb” is the name of the service

instance created in Bluemix

24

Scaling of the runtime

• Scale up and down in seconds!

• Condition based scaling

25

Session Persistence and Caching

• WebSphere eXtreme Scale

• Distributed object caching

• Session off-load and replication

26

Other Application Services

27

Adoption of other services – Make it Engaging!

• Rules Engine

• Use Business Rules to monitor stocks, portfolio and perform actions when criteria is met

• Social

• View friends portfolio

• Post tweets and collaborate on stock transactions

• Stay connected w/ tweets related to your portfolio

• Push/SMS

• Instant notifications to buy or sell

• Cloud Integration

• Export backend interfaces as a service

• Single Sign-On

• Improve authentication

• Watson

• Add real intelligence to your application!

28

On

-pre

mis

e s

erv

ices

SQLDB

Session Cache

Monitoring & Analytics

Bluemix

WAS Liberty Runtime

IBM JRE

WAS Liberty Buildpack

Session Cache

Twilio

29

© 2014 IBM Corporation

For Additional Information

• IBM Bluemixhttp://bluemix.net

• IBM Traininghttp://www.ibm.com/training

• IBM WebSpherehttp://www-01.ibm.com/software/be/websphere/

• IBM developerWorkswww.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/websphere2.html

• WebSphere forums and communitywww.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/community/

30

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