Middle Ages Review Terms
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Transcript of Middle Ages Review Terms
Chapter 12
1- Movable print: type from which text id printed directly in which each character is on a separate piece of metal.
2- Pastoralists: a grazer or landholder raising sheep, cattle, etc., on a large scale.
3- Mongols: member or a pastoral people now living chiefly in Mongolia.
4- Genghis Khan: Mongol conqueror of most of Asia and of the East Europe to the Dnieper River.
5- Marco Polo: Venetian merchant, famous for his account of his travels in Asia. After traveling overland to China he spent 17 years serving Kublai Khan before returning to Venice.
6- Japan: any of various hard, durable, black varnishes, originally from Japan, for coating wood, metal, or other surfaces.
7- Shinto: The native religion of Japan, primarily a system of nature and ancestor worship.
8- Samurai: a member of the hereditary warrior class in feudal.
9- Bushido: the code of the samurai, stressing unquestioning loyalty and obedience and valuing honor above life.
10- Shogun: the title applied to the chief military commanders from about the 8th
century.11- Katana: a long curved single-edged
sword traditionally used by Japanese samurai.
Chapter 13
1- Middle Ages: the time in European history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance.
2- Franks: s member of the Germanic Tribes in the early Christian era.
3- Monasteries: a house or place of residence occupied by a community of persons, especially monks, living in seclusion under religious vows.
4- Secular: not pertaining to or connected with religion
5- Carolingian Dynasty: franquish Dynasty founded by Charlemagne’s father.
6- Charlemagne: 742-814, king of the Franks 768-814; a Charles I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 800-814.
7- Vikings: any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coast of Europe.
8- Feudalism: the feudal system, or its principles and practices.
9- Lord: a person who has authority control, or power over others.
10- Vassal: a person granted the use of land, in return for rendering homage, fealty, and usually military service or its equivalent to a lord or other superior; feudal tenant.
11- Knights: a man, usually of noble birth, who after an apprentice as page and squire was raised to honorable military rank and bound to chivalrous conduct.
12- Serf: a slave.13- Manor: a landed estate or territorial
unit, originally of the nature of a feudal lordship, consisting of a lord’s demesne and of the lands within which he has
the right to exercise certain privileges, exact certain fees, etc.
14- Fief: a fee or feud held of a feudal lord.15- Chivalry: the sum of the ideal
qualifications of a knight, including courtesy, generosity, valor, and dexterity in arms.
16- Troubadours: one of a class medieval lyric poets who flourished principally in southern France, and wrote songs and poems of a complex metrical form in langue, chiefly on themes of courtly love.
17- Clergy: the group or body of ordained persons in a religion, as distinguished from the laity.
18- Pope: the bishop of Rome as head of the Rome
19- Canon law: the body of codified ecclesiastical law, especially of the Roman Catholic Church as promulgated in ecclesiastical councils and by the pope.
20- Holy Roman Empire: a Germanic empire located chiefly in central Europe that began with the coordination of Charlemagne as Roman emperor in 800 A.D. and ended with the renunciation of the Roman
Chapter 14
1- Gothic: Characterized by the use of the pointed arch and the ribbed vault, by the use of fine woodwork and stonework.
2- Urban II: French ecclesiastic: pope 1088-99.
3- Crusade: any of the military expeditions undertaken by the Christians of Europe in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries for
the recovery of the Holy Land from the Muslims.
4- Salahdin: sultan of Egypt and Syria =. Opponent of Crusaders
5- Richard the Lionhearted: king of England
6- Reconquista: a period of 800 yrs. in the Middle Ages during wich the several Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula expanded themselves by fighting the Muslim states.
7- Inquisition: an official investigation, especially one of a political or religious nature.
8- Burghers: an inhabitant of a town. Member of a middle class
9- Vernacular: a native10- William the Conqueror: a duke of
Normandy11- Henry II: king of Germany and emperor
of the Holy Roman Empire.12- Common Law: the system of law
originating in England13- Magna Carta: the ‘Great Charter’ of
English liberties, forced from King John by the English
14- Parliament: 15- Estates-General: the States-General16- Great Schism: a period of division in the
Roman Catholic Church17- Bubonic Plague: a serious, sometimes
fatal, infection transmitted by fleas from in
18- Hundred Years War: the series of wars between England and France, in which England lost all its possessions in France except Calais.