Microsoft power point seminar
-
Upload
hagni-wijayanti -
Category
Documents
-
view
246 -
download
10
Transcript of Microsoft power point seminar
LEDOM NAIJAK NEDDIH VOKRAM TERKSID
RENIBAR AMTIROGLA NAGNED
AND ADAP AYNISAKILPA NAD
rataL gnakaleB
halasaM laeR( imonokE , igoloiB ,
kinkeT bsd ).nagneD iric
kutnebmem utausnasirab etats gnay
kadit itamaret neddih( ,)etats q=Q 1 q , 2 ,…, qN. ,
nad ihuragnepmemnasirab etats gnayitamaret elbavresbo(
,)etats v=V 1 v , 2 ,… , vM.Q kutnebmem iatnar
vokram V . terksid .
gnay retemaraPnakulrepid :
• N , aynkaynab neddih etats malad .ledom
• M , aynkaynab lobmisisavresbo gnay adebreb
adap paites etats .• A { = a ji } nagned
a ji (P= q 1+t j= |qt = i)• B { = bj(k ,}) nagned bj(k )
(P = vk adap utkaw t|qt=j)
• {= I ,} i (P= q1 = i ,)utiay gnaulep adappahat lawa adarebmalad etats i.
kitsiretkaraK ledoM neddiH vokraM terksiD
( = ,B,A .)
halasaM laeR( imonokE , igoloiB ,
kinkeT bsd ).nagneD iric
kutnebmem utausnasirab etats gnay
kadit itamaret neddih( ,)etats q=Q 1 q , 2 ,…, qN. ,
nad ihuragnepmemnasirab etats gnayitamaret elbavresbo(
,)etats v=V 1 v , 2 ,… , vM.Q kutnebmem iatnar
vokram V . terksid .
gnay retemaraPnakulrepid :
• N , aynkaynab neddih etats malad .ledom
• M , aynkaynab lobmisisavresbo gnay adebreb
adap paites etats .• A { = a ji } nagned
a ji (P= q 1+t j= |qt = i)• B { = bj(k ,}) nagned bj(k )
(P = vk adap utkaw t|qt=j)
• {= I ,} i (P= q1 = i ,)utiay gnaulep adappahat lawa adarebmalad etats i.
kitsiretkaraK ledoM neddiH vokraM terksiD
( = ,B,A .)
hotnoC sesorP neddiH vokraM terksiDtapadreT N kukgnam raseb gnay isiret alob adebreb anraw . adAkaynabes M anraw alob gnay adebreb . aynlawA hilipid haubeskukgnam araces ,kaca ulal hilipid alob araces kaca irad kukgnam
gnay hilipret nad ayntujnales tatacid iagabes natamagnep . aloBnakilabmekid ek kukgnam gnay alumes . ilabmeK hilipid kukgnam
araces kaca nad hilipid alob malad kukgnam ,tubesret naikimedsuret sesorp ,nalajreb nad alob gnay libmaret tatacid iagabes
nasirab natamagnep gnay etinif irad anraw - anraw alob gnay nakaatik nakledom iagabes lisah natamagnep irad MMH .
ledoM adap rasaD halasaM agiT neddiH :vokraM
nasirab gnaulep gnutihgnem anamiagaB?ledom helo nakirebid gnay isavresbo
nasirab nakirebiD O =O 1 O , 2 O ,.. , T . ledom helo naktikgnabid gnay ,B ,A( = .nasirab malad isavresbo aynkaynab T .)
nasirab hilimem anamiagaB etats gnilap gnay? ledom nagned kococ
naagudnep nakutnenem atik anamiagaB|O(P naklamiskamem kutnu ledom retemarap ?)
rasad halasam 3 irad isuloS MMHrenibaR amtiroglA nagned
ledoM vokraM neddiH
terksiD
,B,A( = )
drawroF amtiroglA - drawkcaB
|O(P gnaulep utiay ,) nasirab aynlucnum O =
O1 O , 2 O ,.. , T.
kiabret nasirab irad etats - etats
ledom
ledoM vokraM neddiH
terksiD
,B,A( = )
amtiroglAibretiV
amtiroglAmuaB - hcleW
er - noitamitser
kiabret nasirab irad etats - etats
ledom
naagudnepretemarap - retemarap
MMH
.1 halasam kutnu isuloSdrawroF amtiroglA - drawkcaB
utaus kutnU ,B,A( = |O(P gnutihgnem atik anamiagab ,utnetret) utiay ,)O =O nasirab aynlucnum gnaulep 1 O , 2 O ,.. , T q=Qnakpatetid gnay etats nasiraB . 1 ,
q2 q ,… , T |O(P ialin ,taraysreb gnaulep hadiak nakrasadreB . naksumurid tapad ):iagabes
adaP amtirogla ini nakisinifedid utaus lobmys ,urabt ,)i( utiay gnaulep nasirab isavresbo O +t 1, O +t 2, …, OT,
akij etats adap edoirep t halada Si. habueP drawkcabnaksumurid iagabes
adap nagnutihrep isartsulIiskudni pahat
isuloS kutnu halasam 2.adaP halasam ini atik naka hilimem nasirab irad etats =Q q1,
q2, …, qT, aggnihes |Q,O(P ) utiay gnaulep amasreb tnioj()ytilibaborp irad nasirab etats Q nagned nasirabnatamagnep O halada mumiskam . uatA nagned atak nial
iracnem Q gnay naklamiskamem |Q,O(P ).amtiroglA ibretiV ,renibaR( 9891 )
atiK nakisinifed :
iagabeS nanikgnumek gnay gnilap kiab kutnunaiakgnar natamagnep laisrap .amtiroglA ibretiV halada iagabes tukireb :
ijakgneM ledoM neddiH vokraMterksiD = ,B,A( )nagned amtiroglA renibaR
rutkurtS naturu asab negortinadap iretkab muibozihR
murasonimugel eaiciv.vb)/vog.mln.ibcn.www:ptth(
nakisakilpA LEDOM NEDDIH
VOKRAM TERKSID NAGNED
AMTIROGLA RENIBAR
NAD AYNISAKILPA
AND ADAP
rutkurtS naturu asab negortinadap iretkab muibozihR
murasonimugel eaiciv.vb)/vog.mln.ibcn.www:ptth(
gnauleP aynlucnum nasirab asabaditoelkun adap .AND
nasiraB kiabret irad etats - etats ledomasab aditoelkun adap .AND
naagudneP ledom retemarap nasirabasab aditoelkun adap AND
namargormeP70 acitamehtaM
LEDOM NEDDIH
VOKRAM TERKSID NAGNED
AMTIROGLA RENIBAR
NAD AYNISAKILPA
AND ADAP
ANDD , dicA cielcuNobiryxoe
.taelkunobiriskoed masA gnay taelkun masa sinejes halada AND
nusuynep amatu lukelumoib gnologret .emsinagro paites gnirek tareb
id katelret aynmumu AND ,les malad iD .les itni malad
iagabes les haubes malad id narepreb AND napmiynem AND ,aynitra ,kiteneg iretam
nad les sativitka alages igab urib katec .tafis nurunep isnatsbus nakapurem
D , dicA cielcuNobiryxoe.taelkunobiriskoed masA
gnay taelkun masa sinejes halada AND nusuynep amatu lukelumoib gnologret
.emsinagro paites gnirek tareb id katelret aynmumu AND ,les malad iD
.les itni malad iagabes les haubes malad id narepreb AND napmiynem AND ,aynitra ,kiteneg iretam
nad les sativitka alages igab urib katec .tafis nurunep isnatsbus nakapurem
AND RUTKURTS . iatnar kutnebmem nelavok araces natakireb gnay aditoelkun epit 4 irad kutnebret AND
asab ayntakelem tapmet tafsof alug gnuggnup gnalut nagned )AND iatnar( aditoelkunilop -asab aratna negordih nataki iulalem natakireb gnilas aditoelkunilop iatnar auD .asab - asab
malad id adareb asab aumeS .adebreb gnay iatnar irad negortin xileh elbuod gnalut nad nagnasapreb ulales )ninauG nad ninedA( niruP .raul naigab id adareb tafsof alug gnuggnup
.)nimiT nad nisotiS( nidimirip nagned
asaB - :tukireb iagabes halada ,eaiciV.vb murasonimugel muibozihR iretkab adap aditoelkun asab
1 gctataaccg tactggagca ctactgcgcc cgcggaccgc acgcctagcc cgcccggctg16 agtcgagaag gccgcccagt gcggccggtc gctgtagacg tagtccgaaa ctagtccgcc121 cgcctagcag tacgctaccg cagcagtaac acatccagtc aggctgtcta acggacgaga181 cctaccgcgc gcgtcaagct cgcccggtcc cccggcagtc agcgctggtt cggctaaagc142 actcaagtag ggctagaaca ctaaaggagc ccatcaggaa tcttatagct cgcactcctc103 cctacgcctg tgctaccaga aagcaggaac gccgctcttc agcagggcct gcacggcttg163 acgctgcgcc tgctagagcc cggcggtagc ggtaaagctc aggagcagca tcgctagtcc124 acaggagcgc cactgctggt tacgctctgc atatcggctc tgcgcgaact ccactcgccg184 gcgctattca gccgcgaccc aaacggcggt gcctcgctgg ccagtacg
AND xileH elbuoD
ini naitilenep irad naujuT: halada
.1 ledoM ijakgneM neddiH nad terksid vokraM.renibaR amtirogla nakanuggnem aynisakilpa
.2 :utiay ,MMH retemarap naagudnep nakukaleM.a kutnu naagudneP etats ..b adap adareb vokram iatnar aynamal naagudneP
utaus etats ..c .isavresbo sesorp agudneP
.3 ledoM nakisatnamelpmigneM neddiH kutnu vokraM negortin asab naturu rutkurts narutaretek halasam
AND.4 rutkurts ledom kutnu isatupmok margorp taubmeM
.AND negortin asab naturu
.1 ledoM ijakgneM neddiH nad terksid vokraM.renibaR amtirogla nakanuggnem aynisakilpa
.2 :utiay ,MMH retemarap naagudnep nakukaleM.a kutnu naagudneP etats ..b adap adareb vokram iatnar aynamal naagudneP
utaus etats ..c .isavresbo sesorp agudneP
.3 ledoM nakisatnamelpmigneM neddiH kutnu vokraM negortin asab naturu rutkurts narutaretek halasam
AND.4 rutkurts ledom kutnu isatupmok margorp taubmeM
.AND negortin asab naturu
naitileneP nataigeK anacneR
nataigeKlirpA ieM inuJ iluJ
I II III VI V I II III VI I II III VI I II III VI V
:naitileneP
MMH ijakgneM.a
retemaraP naagudneP.b
MMH isatnemelpmI.c
MMH isatupmoK.d
muikoloK
I isimoK gnadiS
II isimoK gnadiS
ranimeS
gnadiS
V akatsuP ratfaD
]1[ .2002 .GL llehctiM .BJ eceeR .AN llebbmaCamilek isidE .igoloiB - .atrakaJ .aggnalrE .1 diliJ
]2[ vokraM neddiH no lairotuT .9891 .renibaR.R.L hceepS ni snoitacilppA detceleS dna sledoM752 pp ,2.oN 77 loV ,EEEI .corP .noitingoceR -
.982]3[ ibretiV.0002 .zedneM serroT lirbA zuL
rof tcejorp mreT .noitingoceR txeT ni mhtiroglA ,ytisrevinU lliGcM ,esruoc
]4[ vokraM neddiH no lairotuT A .6991 .D hsekaR lacirtcelE fo .tpeD ,tropeR lacinhceT .ledoM ,ygolonhceT fo etutitsnI naidnI ,gnirrenignE
.yabmoB
]1[ .2002 .GL llehctiM .BJ eceeR .AN llebbmaCamilek isidE .igoloiB - .atrakaJ .aggnalrE .1 diliJ
]2[ vokraM neddiH no lairotuT .9891 .renibaR.R.L hceepS ni snoitacilppA detceleS dna sledoM752 pp ,2.oN 77 loV ,EEEI .corP .noitingoceR -
.982]3[ ibretiV.0002 .zedneM serroT lirbA zuL
rof tcejorp mreT .noitingoceR txeT ni mhtiroglA ,ytisrevinU lliGcM ,esruoc
]4[ vokraM neddiH no lairotuT A .6991 .D hsekaR lacirtcelE fo .tpeD ,tropeR lacinhceT .ledoM ,ygolonhceT fo etutitsnI naidnI ,gnirrenignE
.yabmoB