Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late...
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Transcript of Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late...
![Page 1: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Microscopes
History, Parts, and Usage
![Page 2: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History of Microscopes• Microscopes were invented in late 1500s
– Compound microscope (2 or more lenses)– Used natural light, magified 20-30x
![Page 3: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Robert Hooke (1665)– Used a compound light microscope to look at
cork (dead oak cells)– Saw geometric shapes named them “cells”– Mechanical inventions (air pump, universal joint,
etc.) and medical experiments (blood transfusions, artificial respirators)
![Page 4: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Antony van Leeuwenhoek (mid1600s)– “father of microscopy and
microbiology”– Dutch tradesman (textiles)– built a simple light microscope
(one lens), but made great improvements (275x magnification)
– looked at water and saw protists, worms, rotifers, etc.
– also observed human blood and sperm
![Page 5: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Matthias Schleiden (1830s)– Concluded that all plants are
made of cells
• Theodore Schwann (1830s)– Concluded that all animals are
made of cells
![Page 7: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Cell Theory– All organisms are composed of
one or more cells.– The cell is the basic unit of
organization in organisms.– All cells come from pre-existing
cells.
![Page 8: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Electron Microscope (1940s)– Uses beam of electrons instead of light
– Magnifies up to 500,000x
– Two types:• Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
– See surfaces in 3D
• Transmission electron microscope (TEM)– See structures inside cells
![Page 9: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
History of Microscopes
![Page 10: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)– See atoms on surface of molecules– 100,000,000x
![Page 11: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Let’s look more closely at one of our
microscopes…
![Page 12: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Today’s Compound Light Microscope
• Uses lamp light
• Magnifies up to 1500x
• To calculate magnification:
eyepiece x objective (always10) (varies)
Example: If objective lens is set on 4x, what is the total magnification of
the microscope?
![Page 13: Microscopes History, Parts, and Usage. History of Microscopes Microscopes were invented in late 1500s –Compound microscope (2 or more lenses) –Used natural.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032710/56649f165503460f94c2be16/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Microscope Usage Rules• Always carry microscope with one hand on
the arm and one hand on the base.
• Always look to the SIDE when LOWERING the objectives.
• Always begin viewing specimen on the LOWEST power, then work up.
• The coarse adjustment must only be used on the LOWEST power. Use fine adjustment on higher powers.