Microgrids & the Arctic - NASEOenergyoutlook.naseo.org/Data/Sites/8/media/presentations/...Break...
Transcript of Microgrids & the Arctic - NASEOenergyoutlook.naseo.org/Data/Sites/8/media/presentations/...Break...
Microgrids & the Arctic
Sydney KaufmanBureau of Energy Resources
National Association of State Energy OfficialsFebruary 11, 2016
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Outline
• Energy picture of the Arctic.
• How do we support clean energy?
– GLACIER
– Arctic Council
Sources: http://www.bakervailmaps.com/map-illustration/world-maps/arctic-circle-map.html
Why we care about the Arctic…
• Climate change – what happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic.
– Feedback loop
– Fisheries
– Weather
– Sea level rise
• Access to new resources– Oil and gas/mineral resources
Source: http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2009/02/13/norwegian-oil-firm-goes-to-energys-last-frontier/
Why we care about the Arctic…
• Climate change – what happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic.
– Feedback loop
– Fisheries
– Weather
– Sea level rise
• Access to new resources– Oil and gas/mineral resources
Source: http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2009/02/13/norwegian-oil-firm-goes-to-energys-last-frontier/
Why do we care about clean energy in the Arctic…
• Economic development– Energy security
– Tax base
– Cost savings
• Diplomacy
• Market development for clean energy technologies
• GHGs/Black carbon– Health
– Warming positive feedback loop
Sources: Bellona & NASA
Microgrid Sites in the Arctic Region
1. Suslov, K.V., “A Microgrid Concept for Isolated Territories in Russia”, 2012 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, October, 2012.
Greenland:80
Russia:5,000
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Canada:300
Alaska: 170
• Balanced thematic pillars of the Arctic Council
during the US Chairmanship 2015-17:
• Arctic Ocean Safety, Security, and
Stewardship
• Improving Economic and Living Conditions
• Addressing Impacts of Climate Change
• Arctic as a region of stability, peace and
international cooperation
• Arctic climate change impacts locally and globally
Arctic Priorities
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U.S. Federal Government InvolvementBlack Carbon – DOS
• MonitoringFocus of U.S. efforts to address barriers to clean energy in the Arctic:
• Capacity building
• Shared technical, financial, and policy best practices
• Promote investment in rural clean energy projects.
• Ensure new sites are designed with the future of energy and healthy homes in mind.
U.S. Federal Government InvolvementBlack Carbon – DOS
• Monitoring• Arctic Remote Energy Networks Academy (ARENA)
GLACIER Summit
We also resolve to work with our Arctic communities to deploy low-carbon solutions that can improve livelihoods, enhance energy security, and promote sustainable economic growth such as renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency measures.
- U.S., Canada, Kingdom of Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, Canada, and the European Union.
GLACIER Summit
Domestic Announcements:- Arctic Energy Efficiency Competition with up to $4
million in prizes for the winning Alaska community.
- Clean Energy Investment Initiative will deploy over $4
billion from institutional investors to encourage clean
energy development with a focus on expanding investment
in climate solutions for remote communities
- Programs Focused on Climate Resilience
Break even range for Arctic oil
development: $35 - $100
Average: $78
U.S.
Beaufort (BP – Liberty) - $109 Chuckchi
- $30 - $80 (probably much higher)
Norway
North Sea - $40
Norwegian Sea - $100
West Barents - $70 - $80
East Barents - $110
Barents (ENI) - $103 - $151
Russia
East Barents (Russia) - $85
Can be as high as $120
Canada
Beaufort (Canada) –
Greenland
East Greenland -
Sources: EIA, Rystad Energy,Source: http://royaldutchshellplc.com/2009/02/13/norwegian-oil-firm-goes-to-energys-last-frontier/
More than 70% of the mean
undiscovered oil resources
is estimated to occur in five
provinces: Arctic Alaska,
Amerasia Basin, East
Greenland Rift Basins, East
Barents Basin, and West
Greenland–East Canada.
Source:
http://www.grida.no/graphic
slib/detail/fossil-fuel-
resources-and-oil-and-gas-
production-in-the-
arctic_a9ca
U.S. Canada Greenland Norway Russia
General Fiscal Terms Very Favorable
Access to Resource Favorable
Competition for Resources Moderate
Cost environment Unfavorable
Existing infrastructure Very unfavorable
Access to infrastructure
Access to markets
Potential for material discoveries
Potential for material value creation
Source: http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Arctic_oil_and_gas/$FILE/Arctic_oil_and_gas.pdf
U.S. Federal Government Involvement
Task Force on Arctic Marine Oil Pollution PreventionU.S. Global Change Research Program
Task Force on Black Carbon and MethaneDepartment of State
Scientific Cooperation Task Force National Science Foundation
• Developed an “Arctic Council Action Plan for Oil Pollution Prevention”
• Norway and Russia are co-chairing the Task Force
• Working now on implementing those recommendations
• Each country must update a black carbon inventory and report on domestic activities to reduce black carbon emissions.
• Hope to encourage observer countries to participate.
• Conduct Search and Rescue tabletop exercises, and if feasible a functional exercise, to enable the sharing of best practices and understand available SAR resources.
• Address mental health needs of Arctic communities through RISING SUN (Reducing the Incidence of Suicide in Indigenous Groups – Strengths United through Networks.)
• Compile circumpolar black carbon inventories to identify contributing sectors and track progress in reducing emissions.
Highlights of Deliverables
Economic Development
• Harness the expertise and resources of the Arctic Economic Council to inform the Arctic Council’s work to improve economic and living conditions in the region.
• Coordinate an Arctic-wide telecommunications infrastructure assessment to promote the build-out of commercial infrastructure in the region.
• Promote the development of renewable energy technology, such as modular micro-grid systems, to spur public-private partnerships, improve energy affordability, mitigate public health risks and reduce black carbon output in Arctic communities.
• Facilitate collaboration between industry, researchers and public policy experts to increase access to and reduce the operating costs of in-home running water and sewer in remote communities.
Public Outreach Campaign
• Raise awareness among domestic and foreign audiences that America is an Arctic nation and the Arctic is a strategic priority for the United States;
• Highlight the social, economic, and environmental challenges and opportunitiesfound in Alaska, the American Arctic;
• Increase understanding of and support for the Arctic Council among domestic and foreign audiences;
• Raise awareness of the impacts that Arctic climate change is having on the rest of the world;
• Increase public support for domestic and international action on priority Arctic policy issues while enabling the achievement of our chairmanship program deliverables.
History and Mandate of the Council
The Ottawa Declaration (1996) formally established the Arctic Council as a high level intergovernmental forum to promote cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States, with the involvement of the Arctic indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants on common Arctic issues.
Particular emphasis on sustainable development and environmental protection in the Arctic; military security issues are specifically excluded from the Council’s mandate.
Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and ResponseNational Nuclear Security Administration
U.S. Federal Government InvolvementArctic Contaminants Action Program
Environmental Protection Agency
Conservation of Arctic Flora and FaunaU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Arctic Monitoring and Assessment ProgramU.S. Global Change Research Program
Protection of the Arctic Marine EnvironmentNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Sustainable Development Working GroupDepartment of State
Scientific Cooperation Task Force National Science Foundation
Telecommunications Infrastructure Expert Group State/National Telecommunications and Information Administration
Regional Seas Program Task Force -State/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
CHAIRMANSHIP PROJECT LEADS• Search and Rescue – U.S. Coast Guard• Marine Environmental Protection – U.S. Coast Guard and Interior/Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement• Marine Protected Areas – Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration• Ocean Acidification – Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and State/Office of Ocean and Polar Affairs• Short Lived Climate Pollutants – State/Office of the Special Envoy for Climate Change• Climate Resilience – Interior/Office of Policy Analysis and State/Office of International Health and Biodefense• Pan-Arctic Digital Elevation Map – Interior/U.S. Geological Survey• Climate Change Indicator System - U.S. Global Change Research Program and State/Office of Global Change• Renewable Energy – Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Interior and State/ENR• Sewer and Water Challenge – HHS/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention• Arctic Water Resource Vulnerability Index – State/Office of Ocean and Polar Affairs• Arctic Freshwater Synthesis – Energy/Office of Biological and Environmental Research • Mental Health and Suicide Prevention – HHS/Office of Global Affairs
• Search and Rescue Exercises
• Marine Environmental Protection
• Marine Protected Areas Network
• Regional Seas Program for the Arctic
Ocean
• Arctic Ocean Acidification
• Renewable Energy
• Community Sanitation and Public Health
• Water Resources Vulnerability Index
• Freshwater Security
• Telecommunications Infrastructure
• Suicide Prevention and Resilience
• Short-lived Climate Pollutants
• Arctic Climate Adaptation and Resilience
• Pan-Arctic Digital Elevation Map
• Early Warning Indicator System
Ambitious Chairmanship Program
Thematic Pillars:Arctic Ocean Safety, Security and Stewardship
Improving Economic and Living Conditions Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change
U.S. Chairmanship Team
Chair of the Arctic Council: Secretary of State John F. Kerry
U.S. Special Representative for the Arctic: Admiral Robert J. Papp, Jr.
Special Advisor on Arctic Science and Policy: Fran Ulmer
Chair of the Senior Arctic Officials: Ambassador David Balton
U.S. Senior Arctic Official: Julia L. Gourley
• Continue strengthening the Arctic Council as an intergovernmental forum
• Introduce new long-term priorities into the Arctic Council
• Raise Arctic and climate change awareness domestically and across the world
Overarching Goals
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The Arctic Region – Sanctions
Sources: ExxonMobil
• Arctic Offshore• Deep Water (> 150 m)• Shale Oil