Microgrids and renewable energy integration ABB solution and ...

Microgrids and renewable energy integration

ABB solution and offering overview

ABB Power Generation

Global energy challengesSignificant forecasted demand in emerging economies

China

82% 140%

India

143% 210%

EU and North

America

10% 14%

87%61%

Growth in primary energy demand

Growth in electricity demand

M. East and Africa

63%

Latin America

85%

IEA scenario 2010-35

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), World Energy Outlook 2012

Access to electricity and water

• For all, including in remote locations

• At an economically viable cost

• For an increasing global population

Reduce levelized cost of energy

• Increase renewables contribution

• Hedge against fuel price volatility

• Reduce dependence on imported fuel

Climate change and protection

• CO2 reduction goals

• Sustainable power generation

• Energy efficiency

Global energy challengesSocial, economic and environmental

Significant infrastructure investments are needed to provide sustainable

access to energy in high growth emerging countries

Microgrids and renewable energy integrationDecentralized, self-sufficient power networks

Grids

Microgrid Macrogrid

Central

GenerationIsolated Interconnected

Distributed

Generation

Fossil Fuel Based

Fossil + Renewable

Strong grid

Weak grid

Fossil

Renewable

Strong Grid

Weak Grid

Low Penetration

High Penetration

Microgrid

Isolated Grid connected

Fossil Fuel Based

Fossil + Renewable

Low Penetration

© ABB Group | Slide 4

Microgrids and renewable energy integrationMicrogrid market segments and drivers

P: Main driver(P): Secondary driver

Main drivers

Social Economic Environmental Operational

Segments Typical customersAccess to

electricity

Fuel & cost

savings

Reduce CO2

footprint and

pollution

Fuel

independence

Uninterrupted

supply

Off

-gri

d

Islands (Local) utilities P P P (P)

Remote research

centers

Governmental research

institutions P P P

Rural

electrification

Governmental

development institutions /

development banksP P P

We

ak

gri

d

Remote

communities(Local) utilities P P P (P)

Gri

d-c

on

ne

cte

d

Industrial and

commercial

Mining companies / IPPs /

Oil & Gas companies /

Hotels & resortsP (P) P P

DefenseGovernmental defense

institutions (P) (P) P P

Institutions and

campuses

Private education

institutions / IPPs /

Government education

institutions

P P (P)

© ABB Group | Slide 5

Sustainable access to electricity anywhereMicrogrids powered by renewable energy sources

| Slide 6© ABB Group

Fossil- fuel generation

Wind power

Solar power

Residential loads Industrial

loads

Microgrids achieve secure power generation with grid-quality electricity

while integrating renewable energy

Inherent volatility of renewable energy

(RE) can compromise grid stability

The RE integration solution must

address requirements traditionally

fulfilled by diesel generation (base load)

Frequency and voltage control

Sufficient spinning reserve

Sufficient active and reactive power

supply

Peak shaving and load levelling

Load sharing between generators

Fault current provision

RE generation capacity should be sized

to maximize ROI and fuel savings

Renewable energy integration challengesManaging power output fluctuations

| Slide 7© ABB Group ROI: Return on investment

So

lar

po

we

r va

ria

tio

ns

Win

d p

ow

er

va

ria

tio

ns

ABB microgrids and RE integrationTechnology overview


Microgrid Plus system PowerStore

Specially designed networked control system

responsible for coordinating the operation of

hybrid power stations

Grid stabilizing system that offers real and

reactive power to enable intermittent

renewable energy to be integrated into grids

• Maximizes fuel savings

• Optimizes use of renewable energy

• Guarantees optimum loading and spinning

reserve in fossil fuel generators

• Distributed logic enhances reliability and

scalability for future system expansions

• Can be used in isolated grids or in grid

support mode

• Maximizes fuel savings through highest

possible renewable penetration

• Ensures high power quality by stabilizing

renewable energy generation

Renewable Integration ChallengesHigh penetration leads to maximized fuel savings


Renewable integration

Solarfarm Windfarm

Fossil Fuel Power StationLoad

Low renewable energy (RE) contribution

25%

Peak Power

10%

Annual Avg Energy/fuel savings

Control system: none/simple

Grid frequency: within operational limits

Solarfarm Windfarm

Fossil Fuel Power Station

Renewable integration

Load Grid Stabilization

Peak Power

100%

High renewable energy (RE) contribution

60%

Annual Avg Energy/fuel savings

Control system: sophisticated

Grid frequency: stable

Microgrid Plus SystemEfficient and reliable power flow management


PV plant

Diesel Generator

Grid Stabilising

System

Distribution feeder

Power

Micro-Grid

Wind Turbines

MGC600-W M+ Operations

Local and remoteMGC600-P

MGC600-G

MGC600-E

MGC600-F

Communication

Network

Distribution feederMGC600-F

Grid connection

MGC600-N

Residential

Industrial & commercial

Microgrid Plus SystemTypical example of isolated PV / diesel microgrid


The PowerStore consists of: Flywheel energy storage

or

Batteries energy storage

Power converter system

Operator interface

The PowerStore is able to operate in: Grid Support Mode (GSM) for large networks

Virtual Generator Mode (VGM) for isolated

microgrids

PowerStoreGrid stabilization


PowerStoreFlywheel energy storage


Magnetic Support

Top Bearing

Top Guard Bearing

Rotating Rectifier

Excitation

Generator

Main Machine

Flywheel

Bottom Bearing

Bottom Guard

Bearing

Flywheel Performance Data

Net. energy content 18 MWs

Max Input/output power 1650 kW

Speed range 1800 to 3600 rpm

Total weight 6000 kg

Rotor weight 2900 kg

Idling losses 10 kW

Greasing frequency 5 years

Bearing service life 8 years

• The flywheel is a robust and proven mechanical device used in UPS solutions

• It is failsafe, utilizing its own energy to supply the lifting magnets

PowerStoreEnsuring a stable microgrid electricity network


Diesel-off / Virtual generator mode:

The PowerStore operates as the only

generator on the grid.

Max RE penetration = 100%

Benefits:

Increased annual RE contribution

Reduced diesel generator running time

Additional considerations:

Diesel-off functionality is to be studied case

by case

Business case is optimal when:

Daily load with peaks during PV peak

High price of fuel

Expected increase in fuel price

PowerStoreVirtual generator mode – 100% renewables


Hybrid Power plant

Integrated Wind or PV Plant

Optimized microgrid integration

Renewable to grid connector

Grid stabilizer

ABB microgrids and RE integrationFive comprehensive solutions


Providing a complete solution for a greenfield

project

Lowest LCOE

Grid stability and utility grade electricity

Maximum availability

Hybrid Power plant




Grid stabilizer

ABB microgrid and RE integrationTurnkey solution for a greenfield microgrid project


Loads

Diesel generators

Renewable

Energy

Grid

stabilization

M+

system

ABB microgrids and renewable energy integration

Hybrid power

station

Integrated wind

or PV plant

Integration solution

Optimized microgrid

integration

Renewable to grid

connector

Ancillary power

system services

What is it?

Turnkey solution for

a greenfield

microgrid project

Integration of

renewable energy

into fuel-based

microgrids (HFO,

diesel, gas etc.)

Stabilization and

flow optimization of

renewable energy

integration

Stabilization of on-

grid renewable

energy plants

connected to a

weak grid

Providing virtual

inertia, grid

stabilization, as well

as other ancillary

power system

services

References

(sample)

Marble Bar (solar/diesel)

Nullagine

(solar/diesel)

Hopetoun (wind/diesel)

Coral Bay (wind/diesel)

Ross Island (wind/diesel)

Rottnest(wind/diesel)

Esperence (wind/diesel)

Denham(wind/diesel)

Faial(wind/diesel)

Flores (wind/hydro/diesel)

Legion House(Biogas/batteries)

Carnegie (wave)

Kalbarri(wind)

SP Ausnet(GESS)

Leinster Mine(peak lopping)

Endesa(grid connection)

REE(grid connection)

Our offering and some references

© ABB Group

May 18, 2015| Slide 18

Hybrid Power plant




Grid stabilizer

Upgrading an existing fuel-generation based

microgrid with RE generation

Maximized fuel savings

Increased security of supply

Ensured grid stability

ABB microgrid and RE integrationIntegration of RE to fuel-based microgrids


Loads

Diesel generators

Renewable

Energy

Grid

stabilization

M+

system


Hybrid power

station

Integrated wind

or PV plant


Optimized microgrid

integration

Renewable to grid

connector

Ancillary power

system services

What is it?


a greenfield

microgrid project

Integration of

renewable energy

into fuel-based

microgrids (HFO,

diesel, gas etc.)

Stabilization and


renewable energy

integration


grid renewable

energy plants

connected to a

weak grid

Providing virtual

inertia, grid


as other ancillary

power system

services

References

(sample)


Nullagine

(solar/diesel)






Denham(wind/diesel)

Faial(wind/diesel)



Carnegie (wave)

Kalbarri(wind)

SP Ausnet(GESS)





© ABB Group

May 18, 2015| Slide 20

Optimizing the performance of an unstable

microgrid with existing RE and fossil fuel

generation

Maximized fuel savings

Optimized production of RE


Hybrid Power plant




Grid stabilizer

ABB microgrid and RE integrationStabilization and flow optimization of RE integration


Loads

Diesel generators

Renewable

Energy

Grid

stabilization

M+

system


Hybrid power

station

Integrated wind

or PV plant


Optimized microgrid

integration

Renewable to grid

connector

Ancillary power

system services

What is it?


a greenfield

microgrid project

Integration of

renewable energy

into fuel-based

microgrids (HFO,

diesel, gas etc.)

Stabilization and


renewable energy

integration


grid renewable

energy plants

connected to a

weak grid

Providing virtual

inertia, grid


as other ancillary

power system

services

References

(sample)


Nullagine

(solar/diesel)






Denham(wind/diesel)

Faial(wind/diesel)



Carnegie (wave)

Kalbarri(wind)

SP Ausnet(GESS)





© ABB Group

May 18, 2015| Slide 22

Enforcing a compliant grid connection for wind

and solar power plants

Increased power quality and reliability

Maximized utilization and ROI of renewable

energy plant

Hybrid Power plant




Grid stabilizer

ABB microgrid and RE integrationStabilization of on-grid RE connected to a weak grid


Loads

Weak grid

Renewable

Energy

Grid

stabilization

M+

system

Ring main

unit


Hybrid power

station

Integrated wind

or PV plant


Optimized microgrid

integration

Renewable to grid

connection

Ancillary power

system services

What is it?


a greenfield

microgrid project

Integration of

renewable energy

into fuel-based

microgrids (HFO,

diesel, gas etc.)

Stabilization and


renewable energy

integration


grid renewable

energy plants

connected to a

weak grid

Providing virtual

inertia, grid


as other ancillary

power system

services

References

(sample)


Nullagine

(solar/diesel)






Denham(wind/diesel)

Faial(wind/diesel)



Carnegie (wave)

Kalbarri(wind)

SP Ausnet(GESS)





© ABB Group

May 18, 2015| Slide 24

Grid support through active and reactive power

injection

Fast response to grid frequency disturbance

events


Hybrid Power plant




Grid stabilizer

ABB microgrid and RE integrationVirtual inertia as an ancillary power system service


Grid

Substation

Grid

stabilization


Hybrid power

station

Integrated wind

or PV plant


Optimized microgrid

integration

Renewable to grid

connector

Ancillary power

system services

What is it?


a greenfield

microgrid project

Integration of

renewable energy

into fuel-based

microgrids (HFO,

diesel, gas etc.)

Stabilization and


renewable energy

integration


grid renewable

energy plants

connected to a

weak grid

Providing virtual

inertia, grid


as other ancillary

power system

services

References

(sample)


Nullagine

(solar/diesel)






Denham(wind/diesel)

Faial(wind/diesel)



Carnegie (wave)

Kalbarri(wind)

SP Ausnet(GESS)





© ABB Group

May 18, 2015| Slide 26

© ABB Group| Slide 27

ReferencesLeinster Mine, Peak Shaving Application, Australia

Customer requirementsReduce the peak load of a newly installed

winder by 1MW so that the total power

demand is kept within the contractual limits

with the IPP.

ABB solutionInstall a 1MW PowerStore device that

provides the 1MW to the winder and

recharges when the total demand is within

the contractual limits.

Customer benefitsReduction of peak demand by 1MW

Reduction of spinning reseve by IPP of 1MW

For microgrids, especially in remote

areas, it is critical to maintain constant

power supply and have access to

technical support 24/7

ABB technology enables remote access,

monitoring and control of all microgrid

assets

ABB can perform routine service

checks, regular maintenance and

unscheduled service remotely, with

minimal operational impact on the

Microgrid.

ABB serviceA trusted partner through the microgrid’s lifecycle


Consulting

Design & Engineering

Simulation& Test

Supply

Installation& Commi-ssioning

Service

PV Electrical Balance of PlantOptimized electrical system solutions to secure your large-scale PV project

Power Systems

ABB PV plant referencesLocal expertise, global presence, >900MWp.

Italy –137 MW

Spain – 20 MW

South Africa – 176 MW Romania – 7.5 MW India –101 MW

U.S.A – 24,8 MW

Mexico – 1,1 MW

Canada – 120 MW

Australia – 266 KW

May 18, 2015© ABB Group | Slide 30

© ABB Group

May 18, 2015 | Slide 31

ABB value proposition in the PV industryEngagement in the entire project life-cycle

Operation

Construction

Project development

Development stage ABB support and engineering expertise

• Project design and optimization

• Yield and PR calculation

• Grid Connection, substation capacity

• eBOP electrical system integration

• Performance guarantee for electrical system

• Turn-key EPC executed by one of our tier-1 partners

• Full O&M service

• ABB products and equipment lifetime services

© ABB Group

May 18, 2015 | Slide 32

Electrical Balance of Plant from ABBFrom the back of the panels to grid connection

DC boxes Inverters Transformers Switchgears Substation

Protection CablesTransformation centers

Plant automationVertically Integrated solution based on

reliable and proven ABB products, including

erection, commissioning, O&M and

performance guarantee

Structure

Panels

Turn-key

eBOPConsultancy

ABB products in PV used in the eBOPApplications: Utility >1000 KW

Month DD, Year | Slide 33

© ABB Group

1. Trackers

Low voltage products:2. Contactors: GAF series3. Direct current string boxes

Switchboards: Gemini seriesConsumer units: Europa series Junction boxesFuse disconnectors: E90 PVFuses: E 9F PV Surge protective devices: OVR PV

Miniature circuit-breakers: S284 UC ZMiniature circuit-breakers: S800 PV-S

4. Switch-disconnectors: OTDC series

Miniature circuit-breakers disconnectors:

S800 PV-M

Switch-disconnectors: Tmax PV

5. Moulded-case circuit-breakers: Tmax

Miniature circuit-breakers: S200

6. Contactors: A and AF series

7. Energy meters : DELTAplus :

8. Residual current devices: F202 PV B and F204B

Residual current devices: RD3

9. Air circuit-breaker: Emax

10. Switch-disconnectors: OT

Switch-disconnectors: E200

11. Surge protective devices: OVR T1 / T2

Solar inverters:

12. Central inverters: PVS 800

Remote monitoring portal

13. Megawatt station

Medium voltage products:

14. Dry type transformers

15. Liquid filled transformers

16. Secondary switchgears

17. Primary switchgear

18. Compact secondary substations

19. Substations

2

1

5

3

4

6

8

11

15

169

18

7

10

12 13

14

17 19

1

112

5

© ABB Group

May 18, 2015 | Slide 34

Electrical Balance of Plant from ABBInverter station – Proven reliability & performance

Features:

Indoor Solution based on Power module with

more than 100GW in references worldwide.

From 500 kW to 2,4MVA

EcoDry type transformer

From 6,6 to 36 kV

Up to 45º Ambient Temperature

Monitoring services

Grid Code Compliance service

Pretested ready to plug and play.

Benefits:

All ABB proven and reliable components

Compact, modular and robust design, easy

transportability, reduced downtime

Best in class efficiency, high ROI

PV plants service

offeringService features

ABB service

packages

Advanced services PV energy production forecast

Financial analysis tool

Recommended for

optimal O&M

Remote services Remote monitoring

Reporting

Typical FULL O&M by

ABB, with guaranteed PR

and availability

Preventive and corrective

maintenance

Scheduled / unscheduled

maintenance of the complete PV

plant

Basic PV plant

maintenance service PV module cleaning

Vegetation control etc.

Service for PV plantsTailored according to customers’ needs

May 18, 2015 | Slide 35© ABB Group

ABB

added

value

Solar plant automationScalable architecture for managing large plants and the MV transformation centers

May 18, 2015 © ABB

Group

| Slide 36

Plant SCADA

Remote

Mangement Center

TC2 Controller TCn ControllerTC1 Controller

Grid

Management

…

…

Transformation Center Control

Monitors and controls the inverters

Monitors the String Boxes and/or the tracking systems

Coordinates the production in the transformation center

Interfaces with the upper level Section Controller

Plant Monitoring & Control System

SCADA system to monitor all relevant field signals

Real time control system to manage the production of the plant

Grid code compliant functions for controlling active and reactive

power, frequency and voltage

Re

mo

te

Ce

nte

rP

lan

t

Remote Management of Plants

Real time monitoring of assets

Power production management from Remote Control Center

Plant maintenance planning from Remote Service Center

Diagnostics algorithms to support maintenance activities

Plant Controller

March 18, 2015

Main FeaturesNEREO+

Power

Regulation

Maximum

Ramp

Power

Factor

Adjustment

Hourly

Based

Forecast

Daily

Based

Forecast

ϕ

March 18, 2015

Plant ControlNEREO+

RTU

ENERGY

METER

UTILITY

INVERTER “n”

INVERTER 1

INVERTER 1High level

Set points

Online data

Plant Controler

Symphony+O&M

Solar power automationNereo+. Forecasting of power production

May 18, 2015 © ABB

Group

| Slide 39

UTILITY

FTP

Serve

r

DCS / SCADA

Hourly

Forecast

Daily Forecast

Modbus

OPC

Direct I/O

…

Modbus

OPC

Direct I/O

…

Modbus

OPC

Direct I/O

…

Irradiance

sensor

Temperature

sensor

Energy

meter

6h Ahead

Forecasting

Day and

week ahead

forecasting

Hours ahead forecasting

Based on Artificial Neural

Network algorithm

Uses historical data for

training and real time plant

data to improve the

forecasts accuracy

Makes use of weather

forecasts in the area

where the plants are

located

Hourly values for a

horizon of 6 hours

Daily values for a horizon

of 7 days Database O&M

E-Mail

E-Mail

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=RdM7ecXUlc8vsM&tbnid=mw4rnnVcKLXseM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.programciamca.com/webmaster/ftp-programlari/smartftp-4-0-build-1168-full.html&ei=FD8HU6vvBqfE0QWeq4HADg&psig=AFQjCNEb3UTQ5cAGA-ohkbNDm00nR9JGeA&ust=1393070124291337

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=RdM7ecXUlc8vsM&tbnid=mw4rnnVcKLXseM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.programciamca.com/webmaster/ftp-programlari/smartftp-4-0-build-1168-full.html&ei=FD8HU6vvBqfE0QWeq4HADg&psig=AFQjCNEb3UTQ5cAGA-ohkbNDm00nR9JGeA&ust=1393070124291337

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Zff5S_A2O9tWUM&tbnid=oPYU0EtaWMamuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=https://www.iconfinder.com/icons/56294/analysis_report_statistics_icon&ei=5UUHU6KtOOiG0AWB0wE&psig=AFQjCNGRMnei5J120QL7hkKCMGVmVtJWbA&ust=1393071699950897

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Zff5S_A2O9tWUM&tbnid=oPYU0EtaWMamuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=https://www.iconfinder.com/icons/56294/analysis_report_statistics_icon&ei=5UUHU6KtOOiG0AWB0wE&psig=AFQjCNGRMnei5J120QL7hkKCMGVmVtJWbA&ust=1393071699950897

Assumtioons:

The movement of the cloud is from West

to East at constant speed of 6m/min~ 0.1

m/sec

No deformation of the cloud

~ 66 % of shadowing of the plant

GHI ramp rate 50 W/m2/t

Inverters operating @ MPP

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500

200

400

600

800

1000

1200String Irradiation Signal

GH

I [W

/m2]

Time Step

Forecast SystemsForecast of Irradiation and production

Inverter 6Inverter 5

Inverter 4

Inverter 3

Inverter 2

Inverter 1

Partial shadowing over the PV plant – Behaviour of inverters

The inverters 5 & 6 are

not affecred by the cloud

and remain producing at

maximum point

Inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4 are

affected by shadowing

The answer of invertes 3 & 4

is delayed over the inverters

1 & 2.


Partial shadowing over the PV plant – Behaviour of inverters

The production of

inverters 5 & 6 remains

high being almost not

affected by the shadows

of the cloud.

The production of

inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4

drop nearly to 95 % (~

30 min) .


The loss of production is a

consequence of the shadows

over inverters 1, 2, 3 & 4. The

inbverters 5 & 6 remain

producing at maximum level

and they are maintaining the

power output of the plant.

The loss of production is ~ 50

% during shadowing.


Microgrids and renewable energy integration ABB solution and ...

Documents

Transcript of Microgrids and renewable energy integration ABB solution and ...