Microbiology: Human - Microbe Interactions
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Transcript of Microbiology: Human - Microbe Interactions
Human - Microbe Interactions
Human - Microbe Interactions
Microbes are dependent on environmental conditions for survival.
Microbes make use of the human body as its ecological environment.
Microbes accumulate over time immediately after birth by simple environmental interactions.
Beneficial Bacteria
Bifidobacteria are vital for:
- The acidogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of breast-
fed infants.
- Modulation of immune responses.
Beneficial Bacteria
Bifidobacteria are vital for:
-Inhibiting pathogens from colonizing gut mucosa.
- Breaking down of foods and the intake of nutrients into the body.
Beneficial Bacteria
Lactobacilli are involved in:
- Digestion
- Nutrient absorption
- Anti - tumor properties
- Vitamin production
Probiotics
Development of
mucousal barrier
Synthesis of vitamins
Immune system
activation
Production of short- chain fatty acids
Metabolism of bile acids
Reduction in pH of bowel
Pathogenic Bacteria
Enterococcus faecalis
- Found in the intestinal tract.
- Most commonly causes urinary tract infections.
- Epidermal parasitic skin diseases.
- Antibiotic resistant.
Beneficial Archaea
Methanobrevibacter Smithii
-Digestion of polysaccharides.
- Consume methane.
-Efficient energy production from fermented nutrients.
-Combat obesity.
Viral Interaction With Humans
Viruses
-Obligate cellular parasites
- Survival is entirely dependant on the cellular system they parasitize
-Associated with being mostly pathogenic
-Also have potential beneficial relationships with humans
Viruses To CURE CANCER!
Oncolytic Virotherapy
-1912, Regression of cervical cancer after being treated with Rabies vaccine
- Genetically modified Adenovirus injected in tumors to cause oncolysis
-Combination techniques are used to overcome challeges
Viruses To CURE CANCER!
Oncolytic Virotherapy
-The Modified Adenovirus Lysing Tumor Cells
Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD
Pharyngoconjunctical Fever
-Adenovirus Infection
- Symptoms Include;
→ High Fever
→ Pharyngitis and Enlargement of Lymph Nodes
→ Headache, Fatigue and Malaise
Adenoviruses: COMMON COLD
Pharyngoconjunctical Fever
-The Adenovirus
Viruses To CAUSE CANCER!
Oncolytic Viruses
-HTLV-1
- Causes Leukemia
-Infects T-Lymphocytes leading to uncontrolled proliferation
Virus to cure Virus
HHP-6 Versus HIV-1
-Replication of HIV can be suppressed by a co-infection of HHP-6
-Protects Dendric Cells from HIV infection
-Ultimately slows down the AIDS
Virus to cure Virus
HHP-6 Versus HIV-1
-HIV (green) budding from a T-lymphocyte
Conclusion
References
Dishon hiebner
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Ayesha Gardee
-Curiel, DT (2000). The development of conditionally replicative adenoviruses for cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 6: 3395–3399.
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Yusuf Dhaler
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References
Michael Freeman
-Fuller, R. (1989). Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Microbiology.66, 365- 378.
-Gallo RC. The discovery of the first human retrovirus: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Retrovirology. Mar 2 2005;2:17.
Daniel Klonaros
-Paul, B.E., Elisabeth, M.B., Charles, N.B., Elizabeth P., Les, D., Michael, S., Steven, R.G., Karen E.N. and David A.R. (2005). Diversity of the Human Intestinal Microbial Flora. Science.308, 1635-1638.
-Russell KL, Broderic MP, Franklin SE, et al. Transmission dynamics and prospective environmental sampling of adenovirus in a military recruit setting. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:877–85. in this issue.
Hamzeh Majiet
-Samuel, B.S.; et al (2009).Genomic and metabolic adaptions of Methanobrevibactersmithii to the human gut.Center for genome sciences and genome sequencing center, UnitéMixte de Recherche 6098, Centre National de la RechercheScientifique, Universités.
-Solheim, M., Aakra, A., Snipen, L.G., Brede, D.G., Nes, I.F. (2009) Comparitive genomics of Enterococcus faecalisfrom healthy Norwegian infants.BMC Genomics(10:194) pages 1-11.
References
Yusuf Saboor
-Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Pringle CR, Wickner RB. 7th Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego , Academic Press; 2000.
-Van den Berg MM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. (2006). Epidemiology of childhood constipation: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. 101:2401-2409.
Farnaaz Khan
-Wilhelm, H.H., Petra, H., Johannes, S., Ulrich, S., Jos, H.J., Huis, V. (1998). Overview of gut flora and probiotics. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 41, 85-101.
-Yamamoto, M (2004). Conditionally replicative adenovirus for gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4: 1241–1250.