MICROANATOMY OF GINGIVA Gingiva consists of two parts : Epithelium (stratified squamous epithelium)...
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Transcript of MICROANATOMY OF GINGIVA Gingiva consists of two parts : Epithelium (stratified squamous epithelium)...
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MICROANATOMY OF GINGIVA
Gingiva consists of two parts :
Epithelium (stratified squamous epithelium) Connective tissue.
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GINGIVAL EPITHELIUM
can be divided into :
Oral / outer Epithelium - faces the oral cavity
Sulcular Epithelium – faces the tooth without being in contact with it.
Junctional Epithelium - provides the contact between the tooth and gingiva.
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General Aspects Of Gingival Epithelium
Principal cell type of gingival epithelium is:• Keratinocyte • Non-keratinocytes
Langerhan cells Merkel cellsMelanocytes Inflammatory cells
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Distinct layers or strata of epithelium:
A. Stratum Basale B. Startum Spinosum C. Stratum Granulosum D. Stratum Corneum
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FUNCTIONS OF GINGIVAL EPITHELIUM
• To protect the deep structures.
• Selective interchange with oral environment
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Different types of epithelial surface layers
Orthokeratinization• Complete keratinization process
• Superficial horny layer similar to that of skin
• No nuclei in the str. Corneum
• Well defined str. Granulosum with keratohyaline granules• 15%
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Parakeratinization
• Pyknotic nuclei in Str. Corneum
• Keratohyaline granules are disperse not giving rise to str. Granulosum• 75%
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Non keratinization
• Superficial cells have viable nuclei
• No str. Corneum and no str. Granulosum
• 10%
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Main protein in gingival epithelium
KERATIN composed of
Different polypeptide subunit characterized by
Their molecular wtIso-electric point
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Nonkeratin proteins
• Keratolinin• Involucrin• Filaggrin
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Corneocytes
• Contains bundles of keratin tonofilaments in matrix of filaggrin.
• Surrounded by envelop under the cell membrane.
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In electron microscopy- reveals that keratinocytes are interconnected by-
1. Desmosomes
2. Tight junctions (zonae occludens)
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Nonkeratinocytes
MELANOCYTES- 1. Are dendritic cells 2. Located in basal and spinus layer 3. Synthesize melanin in the organells
called Premelanosomes/ Melanosomes
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LANGERHANS CELL
1. Dendritic cells -suprabasal layers.
2. Belong to Mononuclear phagocyte system
3. Act as antigen presenting cells (APC)
4. Contain g-specific granules (Birbeck’s granules) which are rod or flask shaped granules.
5. Marked ATPase activity.
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MERKEL CELL
1. Located in deeper layer of epithelium2. Tactile perceptors3. Free nerve endings.
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BASAL LAMINA
• Epithelium is joined by underlying connective tissue by a basal lamina.
• Thickness– 300-400 A*
• Lying 400 A* below epithelial basal layer.
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1. The epithelium of gingiva is:(a)Simple squamous epithelium(b)Stratified squamous epithelium(c)Stratified columner epithelium(d)Stratifiedcuboidal epithelium
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2. Main protein of gingival epithelium is:
(a) Keratolinin(b) Keratin(c) Involucrin(d) Filaggrin