TURN YOUR MIND on to Micro Organisms Micro Organisms Good and Bad.
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MICROBES
•Bacteria•Algae•Virus•Fungi
•Protozoa
•By Shaurya Tomer
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Bacteria
What are bacteria? Bacteria are a large group of
unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometers in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.
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Bacteria
Shapes of bacteria:
Bacillus : Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped bacteria and a member of the division Firmicutes.
Coccus : Cocci (singular) are any bacteria whose shape is spherical or nearly spherical.
Comma shaped: It’s name says for itself it is some way like a comma .
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Bacteria
Binary fission of bacteria:
Binary fission : This process results in the reproduction of a living prokaryotic cell by division into two parts which each have the potential to grow to the size of the original cell.
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Bacteria Uses of bacteria : Medicine Industry (antibiotics) Tanning of leather Wine Industry Lactobacillus (converts curd into milk) Bacteria living in the gut of herbivore
animals break down cellulose. Synthesis of vitamin b complex Decompose matter Nitrogen fixation
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Algae
What is algae? Algae are a large and diverse
group of simple, autotrophic organisms (organisms that can make their own food), ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms.
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Algae
Where are they found ? Algae are usually found in moist,
damp or aquatic places Does algae have chlorophyll or not? Alga is the only being other than
plants containing chlorophyll . Alga also is the only being except plants to photosynthesize.
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Algae
Some algae : Spirogyra Chlamydomonas Volvox Kelp
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Algae
Uses of alga : Ice-cream Toothpastes Medicines Agar gel (food for biotechnological
experiments) Oxygen to the atmosphere
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Algae Harmful aspect:
Eutrophication or algal bloom :
When excess fertilizers enter the sea from agricultural fields, it creates a big layer of algae called algal bloom, which is very harmful for aquatic or marine life as the algae completely cuts out sunlight from the water beneath it, and for a matter of fact, it also reduce oxygen in the water, which cause the fish and other aquatic animals to die. This process is called Eutrophication.
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Fungi
What is fungi? Fungus is a eukaryotic
organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi . The fungi are a monophyletic group, also called the Eumycota .
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Fungi
Some fungi: Rhizopus :Rhizopus is a genus of molds
that includes cosmopolitan filamentous fungi found in soil, decaying fruit and vegetables, animal feces, and old bread.
Agaricus: Agaricus is a large and important genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide .Agaricus are characterized by having a fleshy cap or pileus, from the underside of which grow a number of radiating plates or gills on which are produced the naked spores.
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Fungi
Useful aspects Edible mushrooms Yeast (baking products) Penicillium is antibiotic Cheese
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Fungi
Harmful aspects : Food spoilage Poisonous mushrooms when
consumed cause food poisoning . Athlete foot , ringworm diseases Diseases in plants Leather goods spoilage
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Protozoa
What are protozoa? Protozoa are microorganisms
classified as unicellular eukaryotes. Protozoa are paraphyletic. Though they have sometimes been described as a subkingdom or phylum, they do not constitute a formal taxon in modern classification systems .
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Protozoa
Types of protozoa: Amoeba: Paramecium: Euglena:
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Virus
What is a virus? A virus is a microscopic infectious
agent that can only reproduce inside a host cell. Viruses infect all types of organisms: from animals and plants, to bacteria and archaea.