Micro insurance & Occupationnal Safety and Health.
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Transcript of Micro insurance & Occupationnal Safety and Health.
Micro insurance
&Occupationnal
Safety and Health
Workshop on Improving Occupational Safety and Health through the Provision of Microfinance, Micro-insurance and Banking Services
Dec 7th and 8th, 2009 Nile Hotel - Cairo
INTRODUCTION:Definition of micro-
insurance
• “Mechanism to protect poor people against risks (accident, illness, death in the family, natural disasters, etc.) in exchange for insurance premium payments tailored to their needs, income and level of risk. It is aimed primarily at the developing world’s low-income workers, especially those in the informal economy who tend to be undeserved by mainstream commercial and social insurance schemes.”
(ILO, Microinsurance Innovation center, 2008)
INTRODUCTION: Micro insurance in Egypt
General overview
• Microinsurance is a nascent sector in Egypt. Insurance penetration is very low in general.
• Microentrepreneurs in Egypt are unprepared for major risks: they could face and that could affect their activity and income, as well as the well being of their family.
•This population has irregular cash flows and limited access to formal insurance.
• Most of microentrepreneurs use informal mechanims to cope with the risks. This informal network might be inefficient in case of death or accident, and the whole family often have to carry a double burden: they do not have the capacity to repay the loan and the activity is affected by the loss of the microentrepreneurs.
• Microinsurance appears as a great complementary tool to the financial services offered by MFIs. Its target population, working mainly in the informal economy, would include 83 % of the enterprises in Egypt.
THE EXPECTED IMPACT OF MICROINSURANCE FOR THE MFIs
• Decrease of interest rate, thanks to the better repayment rate (the insurance reimburse the unpaid montly payment and the credit is better used by the microentrepreneur)
Easier increase of number of clients
•Financial securityThe MFI will be able to access funds with a better interest rate by highlighting its financial security to the investors
•New financial sourcesWith the implementation of microinsurance, MFIs will benefit from :
A fixed income : 7% of the overall collected premium A variable income : 80% of the net result of the insurance contract
THE EXPECTED IMPACT OF MICROINSURANCE FOR THE CLIENTS
• Impact on the use of credit
Use of Credit 1
91%
6%
9%
1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Raw material
Equipment
Seeds,fertilizer,livestock
Other loanpayment
Use of Credit 2
4%
1%
6%
5%
16%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Wedding in the family
Family member's funeral
Health care expenses
Education fees
Other
Without insurance, microentrepreneurs use their credits as a risk management tool, instead of using it only for their enterprises.
Through microinsurance, they could optimize their use of credit.
Reduction of their expenses for education fees, health care, funerals and celebrations.
PlaNet Finance
PlaNet Finance Egypt is an affiliate of PlaNet Finance Group.
The PlaNet Finance Group is an International Solidarity Organization, which develops and promotes networks of MFIs, experts and local players in order to support the development of professional projects for men and women who wish to get out of poverty with dignity.
The PlaNet Finance Group responds to all the needs of those involved in microfinance by providing all microfinance actors with a wide range of services. Technical assistance is at the centre of PlaNet Finance’s activities.
PlaNet Guarantee
PlanNet Guarantee is a subsidiary of the PlaNet Finance Group dedicated to the promotion and the development of microinsurance.
PlaNet Guarantee is an insurance broker specialized in microinsurance. PlaNet Guarantee provides technical assistance to MFIs, banks, insurance and reinsurance companies, in order to protect microentrepreneurs from life accidents, by developing and managing microinsurance products.
Develop and implement sustainable microinsurance
products in Egypt
Project, funded by FMO, aims to: offering a package of microinsurance products (credit life insurance and complementary products) for selected MFIs who will be the delivery channels towards their clients
Specific Objectives:• Promotion, distribution and management of the products conducted in a highly professional way, setting quality standards for the local and regional microfinance / microinsurance industry.
• Raising awareness among the insurers’ industry on the huge opportunities offered by the microinsurance market.
• Disseminations of learned lessons as best practices amongst microfinance practitioners.
• It will incentivize public agencies to provide regulatory support for the process of microinsurance product innovation, in order to encourage any adjustments needed to expand microinsurance in Latin America and Africa.
Market Survey about microinsurance needs Risks &
Products
Market Survey: 350 questionnaires in 4 governorates (Alexandria, Cairo, Fayoum and Aswan) + 10 focus group discussions
Risks identified:•Economic risks•Heath related risks•Retirement•Natural Disasters•Religious and Social events
Evaluation of the demand for formal insurance mechanisms•Insurance services use and access•Demand for insurance services
Synthesis of the resultsMicroinsurance Products under design
RISKS SUGGESTED RESPONSES
Economic Economic • Extension of Death and Disability Insurance (DDI) in case of transport accident• Extension of the temporary disability insurance in case of transport accident
Medical Medical Daily allowance for hospitalization
CaesarianCaesarian Basic allowance in case of childbirth with caesarian
Education Education Insurance for the education of the kids in case the client dies
Celebration Celebration Wedding savings scheme
Death Death Funeral allowance
Findings related to Occupational Safety
High-Risk Accident
10%
8%
32%
22%
28%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Other
Car accident
Public transport accident
Work accident
Domestic accident
Domestic and work accidents are respectively mentioned by 28% and 22% of respondents as high-risk accidents affecting their work.
Risks of physical injury is considered as the main high-risk event by 70% of the interviewed clients. 24% of respondents consider the possibility of work interruption, resulting in income loss, as high-risk.
High-Risk Event
3%
5%
70%
24%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Marketrecession
Repair cost
Physicalwounds
Workinterruption
Findings related to Health insurance
• Health expenditures are higher in urban areas (Cairo and Alexandria) than in rural areas (Fayoum and Aswan).
• Women usually pay more than men each time they receive health services. Indeed, Focus Group Discussions revealed that they are ready to pay more to get a better quality of services, especially when the service is delivered to a child.
Amount Spent for Health by Governorate
158
105
58
66
0 50 100 150 200
Mean
Assouan
Fayoum
Alexandria
Cairo
Despite their cost, 51% of respondents prefer to use private clinics rather than government hospitals (33%) or public clinics (10%).
The quality of private medical services in Egypt compared to public ones, explains why respondents prefer them.
Source of Financing for Health Expenses 1
70%
1%
2%
2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Savings
Selling of assets
Microcredit
Help from caritativeassociations
Source of Financing for Health Expenses 2
6%
46%
8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Healthinsurance
Help fromrelatives
No source offinancing
Health expenses are financed by respondents in a number of ways. 70 % of clients use their savings to pay for health services. 46 % rely on the help of relatives. Health insurance covers expenses for 6 % of respondents. 8 % of clients have no financial source to pay for their health services.
Findings related to Health insurance
How linking Occupational Safety and Health
with microinsurance ?
2 ways to foresee the link between safety at work and health with microinsurance:
- A - Microinsurance to compensate the loss of revenues (due to work accidents) indemnity for temporary incapacity compensating loss of revenues
- B - Microinsurance to compensate the loss of revenues (due to work accidents) indemnity to compensate partially the cost of hospitalisation
- C - Microinsurance to cover medical care (the consequence of work accident) health insurance
A - Can we imagine microinsurance product - compensating loss of revenues ?
Microinsurance product:
Extension of the temporary disability insurance following a accident at work
•Beneficiaries: to be defined, for instance
o microentrepreneurs operating from his place of worko Beneficiaries of DDI, under 65o No medical selection
•Characteristics: o The insurance reimburses monthly repayment of loan for the disabled microentrepreneurs from the 15th to the 365th day of temporary disability.o Premium for this product paid at the same time of premium for DDI
• Conditions: o Police certificateo Medical certificates establishing the disability and the resumption of work
Description of the risk• 67 % of respondents visit an hospital at
least once a month. • 51 % of people prefer to visit private
clinics rather than government hospital and public clinics.
Cost of the risk• Females spend on average 126 LE per
time while males spend 105 LE each time they use health services.
Governorate Number Mean Median
Cairo 95 76 30
Alexandria 117 55 30
Fayoum 83 36 20
Aswan 28 69 50
Total 323 58 30
Average daily loss : 58 LE.
Microinsurance products:Daily allowance for hospitalization
• Beneficiaries: o All new members of MFIs under 65 years old and beneficiaries of DDIo No medical selection
• Characteristics: o Daily compensation after a waiting period of 30 to 40 dayso Allowance offered from 1st day to 20th day of hospitalization (minimum period of hospi = 3days) in a partner hospital.
• Premium:o% of credit , according to the amount of compensation desired as well as to the chacarateristics of the portfolio.o paid at once when credit is disbursedo Covers hospi. Fees and costs of medicine,with proof of payment
B - Can we imagine microinsurance product to compensate partially the cost of hospitalization ?
C - Health insuranceA key factor to minimize risks at work
• Health problems are among the main risks that people could face.
• Poor people cannot afford quality health services and depend on overcrowded public hospitals, suffering from lack of investment, poor infrastructure and corruption
Although the Ministry of Health is supposed to provide medical cover to the whole population, poor people do not have access to adequate medical services and medicines.
• Health risks imply not only the cost that comes with them but also the loss of income linked to work interruption.
• Today, offer medical insurance to cover the medical costs is a challenge