Micro Hydro plant components

7/27/2019 Micro Hydro plant components

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Overview on Mini/Micro Hydro (Technology,Issues and Subsidy Policy 2013)

Er. Pashupati Pd. KhatriElectrical Engineer, Nepal


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Topics

Components of Mini/Micro Hydro Subsidy Policy for Pico/Micro/Mini Hydro

Issues Lesson Learned

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Ecological Regions

Indian Plains

Terai Siwal ik h i l l s

Midd le h i l l s

High Mounta ins

High

Himalayas

Tibetan Plateau

67 m amsl

8848 m ams l


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Classification

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Micro-Hydro

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COMPONENTS OF MINI-MICRO HYDRO POWER PROJECTS

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Components of Micro Hydro Project

Civil Components Mechanical Components Electrical Components Transmission/Distribution

Network

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Electrical + Mechanical

Electro-mechanical Component


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Overview

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MHP MHP Components

N

Forbay

T a i l r

a c e

Penstock Pipe

Power House

W E I R

S p i l w

a y

C a n a l

R i v e r / K h o l a

S p i l w

a y

Anchor Block

Anchor Block

Support Pier K h o l s a

C r o s s i n g

H e a d r a c e C a n a l D e s

i l t i n g B

a s i n

Major Civil Com ponents Of M icro Hydro Schem e

Intake

WeirCanal

CrossingForebay

Anchor Block

Support Piers

Power House

Tailrace

Source

Spill way

Trashrack

Spillway

Civil Components of Micro Hydro


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Weir and Intake

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Desilting Basin

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Correct: Low velocity throught width, no turbulence

Incorrect: High velocity in centre stream and turbulence in corners


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Desilting Basin

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Canal

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Forebay

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Support Structures

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Powerhouse and Tailrace

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Power House & Load Center

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MHP MHP Components

400/11000V,15kVA

L.T.LightningArrestor

R

Y

B

N

Forbay

Anchor Block

Expansion Joint

Air Vent Pipe

Support Pire

Anchor Block

Penstock Pipe

ELC Board

Generator

Turbine

Trasrack

Power House

Electro Mechanical Components Of Micro Hydro Scheme

H.T.LineL.T. Line

T.Plate form

MCCB

H.T.LightningArrestor

Drop-outFuse

Transformer(T1)

GroundLevel

DangerPlate

Penstock pipe

TransmissionLine

Transformer

ELC

Earthing

Generator

Turbine

Electro-Mechanical Components of Micro Hydro


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Electro-Mechanical Eqpts.

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Turbine

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T15, 400 D, x-flow turbine

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Net Head: 17.5mFlow: 918l/s

Turb.speed : 418rpmWt: 1280 kgPower: 120kW mech.Size: 400d, 800w

Solu Khola MHP, Tuintar (100 kW)

Designed by: United technical SupportService (P.) LtdManufactured by: Balaju Yantra Shala (P.)Ltd


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IGC/ELC/Governor

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MHP MHP Components

Transmission/Distribution Network

Powerhouse

Transmission

Line

DistributionLine

Service LineHouse wiring


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Transmission/Distribution

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Thalari Gad, Bajhang (65 kW)

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Lower Taman Khola, Baglung (100 kW)

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MHP MHP Components

CIVIL COMPONENTS

Head (m)

Components of Micro Hydro Project

Village

Discharge (l/s)


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Power Calculation

P = g*Q*H*

Where,P = Power (kilo Watt)g = Acceleration due to gravity (m/sec 2)Q = Discharge (l/sec)

H = Head (meter) = Overall efficiency

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Pico Hydro (


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Micro Hydro (10-100 kW)

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Mini Hydro (100-1000 kW)

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Mini Hydro Connected to Grid

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Rehab for damaged projects

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Additional Subsidy

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Potential for Financing

GoN Subsidy ~ 40% Community Contribution ~ 20%

Potential for Financing ~40% of TPC.

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Risks Associated with financing

Collateral Operation & Maintenance

Loan Repayment (less IGAs) Low return

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Issues

Transportation: Terrain

Habitat Load Consumption Political and Social Issues

Economical Issues Technical Issues Sustainability Issues

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Transportation:

Road access Crossing of Rivers

Delivery of Equipments Increases Project Costs

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Terrain

Complicated Terrain Structure Difficulties of Civil Construction

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Habitat

Scattered Habitat Large Distances between 2 Habitats.

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Political and Social Issues

Water Right Issues. Conflicts in Terai Region.

Lack of Youths in the Villages. Hooking and Political Sheltered. Lack of Security for the Monitoring Staffs.

Absence of Local Development Bodiesrepresentatives.

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Economical Issues

Lack of Financial Resources. Bank rarely financed RE.

Syndicate System and Inflation.

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Technical Issues

Lack of Trained Operators and SkilledManpower for the Installation.

High Turnover Rate of Youth and Skill

Manpower from villages. Overloading of Transformers and Generators.

Hydrology (Discharge measurement) Low Efficiency of the System. Comparatively weak construction of Civil

components.

Not capable to manufacture turbine (>10044


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Sustainability Issues

Financial transparency in community Lack of we-feeling (ownership) Weak Management Less Tariff Less IG activities/ End Use promotion (low

HDI, lack of local market, inaccessible, low reliability of MHP, high seasonal migration)

Lack of Maintenance Fund Social Inclusion Aspects

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Ardali Gad MHP, Achham

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Ardali Gad MHP, Achham

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Lesson Learned

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Lesson Learned (contd..)

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Lesson Learned (contd..)

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Micro Hydro plant components

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