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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
Michael Harris, Ph.D.Dean & ProfessorCollege of Public Service
TSU Management Training Program – Session 3October 6, 2016
“Think. Work. Serve.”
Innovation, Entrepreneurship and High
Performance
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A Grim Assessment: “A Crisis” ~ Looking Beyond
State of Leadership?
Recent polls and data suggest that Americans and others around the world believe that we face a “leadership crisis.”
World Economic Forum found in a global survey that 86% of respondents believe we have a leadership crisis.
Studies show that both private and public sectors expect shortage of leadership talent. The Workforce Management Journal, “Companies are heading toward a catastrophic shortage of qualified leaders... Companies are heading toward a perfect storm when it comes to leadership”.
The challenge we face: Can Leadership Be Enhanced?VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
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Leadership is About:
Developing a vision and a collective destinyMotivating people to work together to accomplish extraordinary thingsMaking decisions not arriving at conclusions and
not being arbitrary and capriciousGrounded in values and integrity.
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 3
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The Search for a Definition
Leadership defined:
Developing a vision and a collective destiny; making decisions, overseeing change and creating transformations through empathy and collaborative work grounded in and guided by values and integrity.
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 4
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Questions
Can everyone be a leader?
Is enhancing leadership feasible?
“Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.”
- John F. Kennedy
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 5
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Leadership: An Art & A ScienceLeadership draws from art & science
Everyone can be a leader! Leadership requires knowing yourself.
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
LEADERSHIP
ART SCIENCE
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Leadership: An Art & A ScienceScientific elements of leadership include:
Neocortex brain (analytical mind)- Higher functions- Analytical thinking- Decision making
Limbic brain (emotional mind, amygdala)- Emotional command center- Running all basic social interactions- Only partially conscious
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 7
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Art elements of leadership include:- Innovation- Entrepreneurial- Creativity- Personal expression
“The Origin of Innovation andEntrepreneurship Is a Creative Mindset”
- Michael Harris
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 8
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Foundation & ConstraintsIt’s about you! Know yourself!
- Core values
External Constraints- Resources- Time- Org. Structure- Culture- Envy & Negativity- Other “Leadership traps”
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 9
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Learning from Great LeadersLessons from Sir Ernest Shackleton
Has been called,“the greatest leader that ever came on God’s earth, bar
none.”
-Sir Raymond PriestleyMember of the Nimrod
Expedition1907 – 1909
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 10
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Why Shackleton? His leadership qualities are relevant and compelling.
1. Successfully led one of the most extraordinary survival adventures of all time.
2. Has been called: “the greatest leader that ever came on God’s earth, bar none”.
3. His principles and values are relevant.
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
Endurance
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Shackleton’s Background (1874 – 1922)
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
• An Anglo-Irish• Apprenticed in the merchant marine• Traveled extensively – China, North & South
America, Africa• Participated as a crewman under Robert F.
Scott on the Discovery Expedition to Antarctica.Discovery Expedition to South Pole
(1901-1904)• The team reached 460 miles from
the South Pole• Scott sent Shackleton home and
blamed him for the failure to reach the South Pole. Shackleton (L), Scott(C), & Dr. Edward Wilson (R)
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The Race to the South PoleShackleton (Nimrod Expedition) 1907–09. He and three
companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88°S, only 97 miles from the South Pole.
Amundsen (The Fram Expedition) was the first to Reach the South Pole on December 1911.
Scott (The Terra Nova Expedition) arrives at the South Pole on January 1912. Scott and his team perished on the way back.
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 13
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The Endurance Expedition to Cross Antarctica: 1914 - 1916
Ad in London Newspaper - 1913
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
Over 5,000 men responded!
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The Endurance Expedition to Cross Antarctica: 1914 - 1916
The Endurance Expedition was the first ever attempt to complete a crossing of the continent from sea to sea (Weddell sea to the Ross sea). It would take a land journey of approximately 1,800 miles by foot via the South Pole.
“By Endurance we conquer” (“Fortitudine Vincimus”) -Shackleton family motto
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
The Shackleton WayThe Endurance Expedition: 1914–1916
August 1914: Shackleton and 27 men set sail “Endurance”
December 1914: Leaves South Georgia Island 1
January 1915: trapped in ice just before landing in Antarctica 3
South Georgia
Elephant
Island
1200 miles
1000 miles
WEDDELL SEA
800Elephant
Island
800
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The Shackleton WayThe Endurance Expedition: 1914–1916
Shackleton & crew depart Elephat Island for South Georgia Island 800 miles away, April 1916
October 1915: Endurance is crushed and crew forced to live on ice floes
April 1916: Crew makes way in lifeboats to Elephant Island 6
May 1916: Shackleton and four crew members sail 800 miles back to South Georgia Island 1
August 1916: Shackleton rescues remaining crew on Elephant Island 6
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Lessons from ShackletonInnovative and High Performing Leadership
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
Empower
Learn from
Failure
Calculated Risk Taking
Be Creative
Team Unity
Forward Looking
Efficient use of resources
Lead by Example
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Shackleton’s Leadership Foundations1.Values & Integrity2.Planning & Calculated Risk3.Forward Looking/Optimism4.Accepting & Learning from Failure5.Lead by Example6.Courage and Humility7.Team Unity/Empower8.Creativity9.Communications/Conflict Resolution10.Flexibility
VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP 19
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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
“Never for me the lowered banner, never the last Endeavour.”
- Shackleton “For sudden the worst turns the best to the brave”
-Robert Browning
“Optimism is true moral courage”
-Shackleton
“The best explorer, however, is the man who can both ‘conceive and dare.’”
-H.R. Mill, Shackleton’s biographer.
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Four Elements to being an innovative and high performing leader:
1.Learning leadership and knowing yourself2.Understanding constraints & “Traps”3.Recognizing built-in contradictions
Individualism VS. being a team player Creativity VS. uniformity Challenge the status quo VS. adjust & adapt Forward looking VS. accepting reality
Risk taking VS. punished for failing4. Leadership, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship
Innovation is about new ideas, being more effective, and developing new solutions, achieved through better products, processes, services, and technologies.
Entrepreneurship – it’s a mindset of starting something new.VALUE-BASED
LEADERSHIP 21
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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
References Drucker. “Foreword” in Hesselbein, Goldsmith, Beckhard, eds. The Leader of the
Future. (Drucker Foundation/Jossey-Bass: 1996). Gergen. “America’s Best Leaders”. U.S. News & World Report, November 19,2007 Giulani. Leadership. (Hyperion: 2002). Goleman, Boyatzis & McKee. “Primal Leadership.” Harvard Business Review,
December 2001. Harris, M. (2003). Innovation and entrepreneurship in state and local governments.
Lanham, Md.:Lexington books. Harris,M., &Cullen, R.M. (2010). Leading the learner-centered campus: and
administrator’s framework for improving student learning outcomes. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Hughes, Ginnet, & Curphy. Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience. 2nd ed. (Irwin: 1996).
Huntford. The Last Place on Earth. (Modern Library: 1999). Kouzes & Posner. The Leadership Challenge. 3rd ed. (Jossey-Bass: 2002). Lansing. Endurance: Shackleton’s Incredible Voyage. (Carroll & Graf: 1959). Morell & Capparell, Shackleton’s Way: Leadership Lessons from the Great Antarctic
Explorer. (Penguin: 2001). Perkins. Leading at the Edge: Leadership Lessons from the Extraordinary Saga of
Shackleton’s Antarctic Expedition. (NY: Amacon: 2000). Parsons. “Brain Networks for Effective Leadership”. iedp.com, November 5, 2013. Scwab. “A National Crisis of Confidence”. U.S. News & World Report, November
19,2009 Shahid, Shiza (2014). Why the world in 2015 faces a leadership crisis. World
Economic Forum. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/11/world-2015-faces-leadership-crisis/
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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP
Acknowledgements
Presentation Design, Editing, and Data MigrationMichael Harris/ Lornette Stokes/ Alex Frederick/ Tennessee
State UniversityJoe Roesner/Alan Delos Santos/ Kettering University
Roy Tamir/ IU KokomoKen Garner/Eastern Michigan University/University of
Michigan
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