MGE Power Systems
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Transcript of MGE Power Systems
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
www.mgeups.com
Power Systems Solutions
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
POWER PROBLEMS Power Problems:
> External causes (utility outages)> Internal causes (CB trip, inrush, bus failure)
Power Problems:> Black-out, Brown -out, Sags, Swells, Surges, Transients, Waveform Distortion
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS DEFINITION
Power Protection> Provides power back-up during power outage
Power Conditioning> Nominal output voltage with 1% regulation> Nominal output frequency with 0.1 Hz regulation> Output voltage distortion 5% maximum
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
ON-LINE UPS
Double conversion (AC to DC, and DC to AC)
Charger/Rectifier is ON (feeding the inverter and charging battery)
Inverter is ON (feeding the load)
Full Voltage, frequency regulation and waveform shaping
Static switch is OFF.
Static switch is solid state. No transfer time (no break on the output)
Inverter is sync’d to the bypass input.
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
On-Line UPS (Standard Features)
On-line
IGBT PWM inverters
Superior output performance
High-efficiency (up to 95%)
Maintenance bypass
Input current filter, high input PF
Modular construction
Battery monitoring
Computer-aided diagnostic
Advanced communications
Small footprint
Microprocessor controlled
Low acoustic noise
FCC Compliant
UL & CUL1778
ISO9001
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Rectifier/Charger Design
6 Pulse Rectifier> 6 SCR’s, fully controlled Rectification > ITHD is 27%-30%, with no filter> Input filter reduces ITHD to 7% max> Improves PF to 0.95
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS Input Filter Technology (Trap Filter)
Tuned to 5th & 7th Harmonics on 6 Pulse
Reduced THDI to 5 - 7% @ 100% Load
Constant KVAR as % Load Decreases -- Resulting in leading power factor under low % of load.
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Rectifier/Charger design
12 Pulse Rectifier> 2 x 6 SCR’s, fully controlled Rectification > ITHD is 10%, with no filter> Input filter reduces ITHD to 5% > Isolation Transformer standard> Input Power walk-in assumes full power over a 10 second period
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS BATTERY
Sealed Low> Low maintenance> No gassing, can be Installed in
office environment> LOI - 18 to 22 for electrical room, > LOI - 28 to 32 for computer room/office
(UL requirements) > Racks or cabinets
Flooded Wet Cells> Require maintenance> Gassing, Special installation> LOI - 18, optional 28> Racks only. Zone rated (basement or above grade)
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Operating temperature> Specified protection time @ 77 F (25 C)> Higher temperature > protection time> Lower temperature < protection time
Discharges> Number of discharges > Elevated cut-off voltage> Protection against deep discharge
Battery charging> Re-charge current - 0.1C10> Temperature compensation> DC ripple: less than 1%
BATTERY PARAMETERS
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Evolution & Paradigm Shiftto IGBT and HF PWM
SCR Bipolar
HF PWMw/ DPQ
IGBTSemiconductor types
Inverter Topologies
6 Step12 StepLF PWMHF PWM
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Digital Power Quality Management System
Creates a “perfect sinewave” (3.5% max THD) output under all conditions Eliminates harmonics and stabilizes voltage for “computer grade power”.
Inverter
Output
Compares to “perfect” sine wave and correct
Adjusts waveform to generate distortion free
“perfect” output
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Digital Power Quality Envelope
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
100% Step Load w/o Compromising Critical Loads
When heavy loads are placed on most UPSs the output voltage will often deviate, sometimes compromising the loads.
EPS 6000 maintains output voltage transients to within 5% even when load is instantly increased from 0-100%
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
High Efficiency even at lower loads means huge cost savings
Most manufacturers do not publish efficiencies under 50% where most UPSs operate MGE maintains high efficiency at lower loads resulting in substantial cost savings
Certified by an independent agency
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
100% Rated Continuos Duty Static Switch
Single, simple solid state switching process No added single mechanical point of failure Capable of switching on surge currents where contactors may destruct No deterioration with usage (contactors have a finite life)
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Generator Friendly Technology Causes of generator incompatibility: Leading power factor loads: loss of voltage regulation High ITHD: higher heat loss in alternator (de-rating of alternator) Notching on Voltage THD profile: loss of tracking Inability to regulate frequency: load sees frequency changes
ADVANTAGE MGE
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS Input Filter Technology
Shunt Inductor > Compensates for leading power factor> No impact on THD> No mechanical component> Lower PF at full load
Input Walk-in : gradually increases load on input power source (over 10+ second period)
2nd step Input / 2 step Battery charge current limit: Reduces load on generator
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Data Center Power Sizing
Fire protection UPS Systems
Generators
Batteries
A/C-units
Raised floor
Communication equipment
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Data Centers- The Heart -
Concept: guarantee stable power, environment and bandwidth Design loads: 75-150 W per square foot (actual consumption today
40-120 W2’ max.) - next generation devices push loads densities to 200 W2’.
Many key regions short of power and can not guarantee stable supply in peak periods
Future large Data Centers may be limited by available power in region
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Power Sizing
Determine Total square footage of the data center - Gross Sq.Ft
Determine net or effective coverage area - net Sq.ft (typically 40 to 50% of Gross area.
Determine Watts/ Sq. ft. requirements - This varies per customer (from 50 W/Sq.ft to > 125 W/Sq.ft)
Differentiate Between Point loading & Overall or gross loading - Some equipment may have 300 W/Sq.ft point loading but when adding access/installation area, the overall w/Sq.ft will be reduced by 1/2)
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS Power Sizing
Determine overall KW - Based on W/Sq.ft
Add % for future growth - Typically 20%. This determines the full kW of the UPS.
Add 10% for PF - This determines thew full kVA of the UPS.
PDU Sizing:> Determine the area and/or loads to be fed.> Consider distance to equipment - Reduce cable run, reduce cable loading.> Determine number of poles - Include 30% to 40% future expansion.
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Switchgear UPS Modules Output Distribution
Maintenance Bypass
Battery Banks
Power Distribution Units
Static Transfer Switches
Utility
High Reliability Data Center
Air Conditioning
Auto Transfer Switch
Generator(s)
Building Blocks of a Critical Power System
Power System / Site Monitoring
BatteryMonitoring
TVSS
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Mission Critical Requirements
7 x 24 x 365 UP TIME Maintaining UPS power 24 hours/day, 7 days/week, 365 days/year
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS System Configurations
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS
Single module
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Parallel for Capacity & or Redundancy
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
IntegratedParallel
Parallel for redundancy with no system static switch cabinet
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Isolated Redundant System configuration: N+1, N+2 N+….
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Benefits of Isolated Redundant
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
100% Step Load with Low Transient Voltage
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Isolated Redundant Oversized Standby Static Bypass
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Isolated Redundant Primary Module Dual Bypass
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Isolated Redundant Primary Module Dual Bypass
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Distributed Redundant
PMM/STS
CBS
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Distributed Redundant Advantages
EXPANDABILITY!
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Critical Bus Synchronization Module
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Critical Bus Sync (CBS)
Synchronize two (or more) independent UPS systems to common signal when:
– Bypass sources are not available– Bypass sources are out of sync
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
SOURCE 1 SOURCE 2
LOAD
K K
N.C.
N.O. N.O.
N.C.
N.C.
K
N.C.
N.O.
KIRK-KEY INTERLOCK
NORMALLY CLOSED
NORMALLY OPEN
Digital Static Transfer SwitchRedundant Output Breaker Option
Parallel Output Breakers Output breaker failure detected
and alarmed All breakers are either plug-in or
draw-out type
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
DSTS
Preferred Source Alternate Source
SOURCES CAN BE :• TWO UPSs OR • ONE UPS AND A UTILITY• ONE UPS AND A GENERATOR
CRITICAL LOAD
CRITICAL LOAD
480V
208V
480V
480V
PMM PLUS
PMM STSAUX
FOOT PRINT
AUX
DistributionPanels
(up to 252 breakers)
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
DSTS
Preferred Source Alternate Source
SOURCES CAN BE :• TWO UPSs OR • ONE UPS AND A UTILITY• ONE UPS AND A GENERATOR
PMM ULTRA (208V DSTS)
CRITICAL LOAD
CRITICAL LOAD
480V 480V
208V208V
DistributionPanels(up to 252 breakers)
PMM STSAUX PMM
DUAL TRANSFORMERS = ULTRA RELIABILITY
FOOT PRINT
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
PMM ULTRA / PMM PLUS
DSTS
AUX. DISTRIBUTION
AUX. DISTRIBUTION PMM
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Central Monitoring
All branch circuits can be monitored from a central location Square D Power Logic software can provided as a turnkey
monitoring solution (can provide info safely over the Internet) Optional central monitoring of panel board main breaker and PMM
status on the same 4 wire network
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
TVSS Applications
switchgear
UPS Modules Output Distribution
Maintenance Bypass
Power Distribution Units
Static Transfer Switches
Service Entrance : 320KA surge Current- Protects against utility surges
UPS Input : 160-320KA; 2nd stage protection against bld’g disturbances
Power Distribution output: 80-100KA; 3rd stage protection against load dist.
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
High K-Factor TransformerDesigned for Non-Linear Loads
High Harmonic Currents
Low K-Factor Transformer
Thermal stress leading to
transformer failure
MGE High K-Factor Transformer
Non-Linear Loads
Fluorescent Lights
Computers
Electronics
High Harmonic Currents
Assured transformer performance
Non-Linear Loads
Fluorescent Lights
Computers
Electronics
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
Harmonics & Neutral Current
Only 3rd order harmonics adds in the neutral200% rated neutral
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS GROUNDING
3 Phase, 4 wire System
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R
UPS GROUNDING
3 Phase, 3 wire system
T H E U N I N T E R R U P T I B L E P O W E R P R O V I D E R