•1993-2000: 82% of deforestation occurred in Mexico as a result of land-use change to agriculture or grazing purposes (Muñoz et al. INE 2003):

• 8% due to illegal logging, • 6% caused by forest fires and pests• 2% by authorized land-use changes• 2% by other causes (such as hurricanes or other natural disasters).

•Before 2000, land-use policy encouraged agriculture and animal husbandry; examples of those policies are a national law in the 70s which promoted deforestation for agriculture or grazing purposes.

Mexico: Challenges & Opportunities for mitigation in the agricultural

sector

AWG-LCA 5th Session. Bonn, Germany. April 4th, 2009

Source: INE. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Mexico. INE. INEGEI. 2006. Preliminary results.

Evolution of MexicoEvolution of Mexico’’s GHG emissionss GHG emissions

95 specific targets within 41objectives,distributed in 4 emissions categories and 12 subcategories

Reductions in 2012:99 MtCO2e

Energy generation24%

Energy use12%

Agriculture, silviculture and other land uses

58%

Waste6%

Targets set out in theTargets set out in the PECC*PECC**Climate Change Program (PECC)

ActionsSoil rehabilitation, enhancement and conservation in agricultur.

Improvement of land grazing practices.

Reconversion of agricultural lands to perenial crops and forests.

Conventional production systems to organic production..

Co-responsibility principle: establish commitments with farmers to include sustainble practices in their productive activities.

National system to combat desertification.

Vegetation and landVegetation and land--useuse

LandLand--use fertilizers and use of firesuse fertilizers and use of fires

Vegetation and fertilizers• Good practices for fertilizer use• Promote the use of bio-fertilizers

Reducing emissions from fires

• Harvest sugar cane in early/green stage

• Fire use alternative practices to reduce forest fires in areas surrounding agricultural and land grazing plots..

Use of alternative energyUse of alternative energy

Approaches

Promote the technology to increase the use of renewable energy.

Substitute electric energy for alternative energy in livestock and agri-food projects.

Bioenergy: Promote crops for bioenergy production (Jatropha, palm oil) without compromising food security and environmental integrity.

Community involvement in reforestation for fuelwood and improvinCommunity involvement in reforestation for fuelwood and improving g cooking stovescooking stoves

Agriculture and approaches to 1 (b) i, 1(b) ii and 1(b) iii of BAP

Assigning biomass to each Assigning biomass to each landland‐‐cover class.cover class.

••22,000 National Forest Inventory 22,000 National Forest Inventory plots.plots.

••60,000 Land60,000 Land‐‐use change monitoring use change monitoring plots.plots.

••CanadaCanada‐‐Mexico Agreement: CBMMexico Agreement: CBM‐‐CFS3.CFS3.

••MRV: 20% of all plots measured MRV: 20% of all plots measured every yearevery year

•• Mexico is in the process of designing Mexico is in the process of designing its REDD Natits REDD Nat´́l Strategy, which l Strategy, which includes the agricultural sector.includes the agricultural sector.

•• Definition of Definition of ““forestforest”” regarding REDD regarding REDD includes all vegetation types above 2 includes all vegetation types above 2 m height, this will allow 20 million ha m height, this will allow 20 million ha under land use change PRESURE to under land use change PRESURE to participate in REDD, apart from the participate in REDD, apart from the forest.forest.

•The agri-food, livestock and forestry sectors in Mexico, have the potential to mitigate climate change, by more than 50% of the targeted national emissions reductions.

•The potential of the Mexican LULUCF sector to mitigate climate change is consistent with the technical paper FCCC/TP/2008/8 for the global context.

•The Climate Change Program promotes the implementation of activities that may be measurable, reportable and verifiable for the LULUCF sector.

•A priority must be to develop methodologies to better assess the impact of agriculture on mitigation and adaptation policies, which are MRV.

•Given that more than 20 million ha are under land use change pressure from forest to agriculture, Mexico will include the agriculture sector in REDD, so that agriculture and forestry sectors work toghether.

ConclusionsConclusions

Thank you very much for your attentionliglesias@conafor.gob.mx