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Metz Farms 2 Ltd. · manure generated at Metz Farms II on local surface and well water quality....
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T2002-01 Environmental Reporting Series Metz Farms 2 Ltd. Surface Water & Groundwater Monitoring Results 2000 - 2001 Sciences and Reporting Branch - Sciences and Planning Division New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government
Transcript of Metz Farms 2 Ltd. · manure generated at Metz Farms II on local surface and well water quality....
T2002-01Environmental Reporting Series
Metz Farms 2 Ltd.Surface Water & Groundwater Monitoring Results
2000 - 2001
Sciences and Reporting Branch - Sciences and Planning DivisionNew Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The following are thanked for their contributions to this study: J. Choate, D. Fox. S.MacDougall, P. McLaughlin, D. Bourgeois, R. Theriault, M. Dickson, J. Stymiest, E.Horncastle.
Report layout and production: D. Wybou.
For more information, or for additional copies of this report, please contact the Sciencesand Reporting Branch of the Department of the Environment and Local Government at 506457 4844.
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................................1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................. 11
1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................131.1 Background .....................................................................................................13
2.0 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................132.1 Surface Water ..................................................................................................132.2 Groundwater ...................................................................................................142.3 Additional Data ................................................................................................14
3.0 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................183.1 Manure Spreading Information ......................................................................183.2 Rainfall .............................................................................................................183.3 Surface Water Quality .....................................................................................24
AREAS DF1 AND FC1 ...............................................................................25AREA MG ...................................................................................................29AREAS EC, KL AND PW ..........................................................................33AREAS OM AND RR ..................................................................................37AREAS BM 7, 8, AND 9 .............................................................................41AREAS CP AND BM ..................................................................................45AREA VM....................................................................................................49AREAS AN AND LC ..................................................................................53AREAS AR AND MA...................................................................................57AREA FW 2 ................................................................................................61
3.4 New Sample Areas for 2001 ...........................................................................65AREAS FW AND SR29 ..............................................................................65AREAS SR20 AND SR24 ...........................................................................67AREA KL11 ...............................................................................................69
3.5 Groundwater Quality ......................................................................................71
4.0 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................734.1 Surface Water ..................................................................................................734.2 Groundwater ...................................................................................................73
5.0 REFERENCES..........................................................................................................75
APPENDIX I ....................................................................................................................77Example of Homeowner’s Questionnaire .............................................................77
APPENDIX II ....................................................................................................................81Results of Groundwater Sampling Events 2001 ..................................................81
APPENDIX III ..................................................................................................................85Additional Sample Information ..............................................................................85
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List of Figures
1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................13
Figure 1: Location of Metz Farms 2 Ltd. in eastern NB ....................................15Figure 2: Year 2000 Sampling Stations..............................................................16Figure 3: Year 2001 Sampling Stations..............................................................17Figure 4: Daily Rainfall at Moncton, NB., April to October 2000.......................20Figure 5: Daily Rainfall at Moncton, NB., April to October 2001.......................20Figure 6: Daily Rainfall at Bouctouche, NB., April to November 2001 ......................................................................................................21Figure 7a: Total Rainfall (2000) for the 48 hour period before sampling (Moncton Airport) ................................................................22Figure 7b: Total Rainfall (2001) for the 48 hour period before sampling (Bouctouche) ....................................................................22Figure 8: Hypothetical Relationship Between Stream Discharge, Rainfall and Bacteria Concentration in a Stream..............................23
AREAS DF1 AND FC1 (2000) .........................................................................................26Figure 9: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................26Figure 10: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................26Figure 11: Total Phosphorus (TP) ........................................................................26Figure 12: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................26
AREAS DF1 AND FC1 (2001) .........................................................................................27Figure 13: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................27Figure 14: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................27Figure 15: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................27Figure 16: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................27Figure 17: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................27
AREA MG (2000) ..............................................................................................................30Figure 18: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................30Figure 19: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................30Figure 20: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................30Figure 21: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................30
AREA MG (2001) ..............................................................................................................31Figure 22: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................31Figure 23: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................31Figure 24: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................31Figure 25: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................31Figure 26: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................31
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AREAS EK, KL AND PW (2000) .....................................................................................34Figure 27: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................34Figure 28: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................34Figure 29: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................34Figure 30: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................34
AREAS EK, KL AND PW (2001) .....................................................................................35Figure 31: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................35Figure 32: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................35Figure 33: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................35Figure 34: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................35Figure 35: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................35
AREAS OM AND RR (2000) ............................................................................................38Figure 36: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................38Figure 37: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................38Figure 38: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................38Figure 39: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................38
AREAS OM AND RR (2001) ...........................................................................................39Figure 40: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................39Figure 41: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................39Figure 42: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................39Figure 43: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................39Figure 44: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................39
AREAS BM 7, 8 AND 9 (2000) .........................................................................................42Figure 45: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................42Figure 46: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................42Figure 47: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................42Figure 48: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................42
AREAS BM, 7, 8 AND 9 (2001) ........................................................................................43Figure 49: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................43Figure 50: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................43Figure 51: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................43Figure 52: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................43Figure 53: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................43
AREAS CP AND BM (2000)............................................................................................47Figure 54: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................47Figure 55: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................47Figure 56: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................47Figure 57: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................47
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AREAS CP AND BM (2001) ............................................................................................48Figure 58: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................48Figure 59: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................48Figure 60: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................48Figure 61: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................48Figure 62: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................48
AREA VM (2000) ..............................................................................................................50Figure 63: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................50Figure 64: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................50Figure 65: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................50Figure 66: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................50
AREA VM (2001) ..............................................................................................................51Figure 67: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................51Figure 68: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................51Figure 69: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................51Figure 70: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................51Figure 71: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................51
AREAS AN AND LC (2000) .............................................................................................54Figure 72: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................54Figure 73: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................54Figure 74: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................54Figure 75: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................54
AREAS AN AND LC (2001) ............................................................................................55Figure 76: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................55Figure 77: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................55Figure 78: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................55Figure 79: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................55Figure 80: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................55
AREAS AR AND MA (2000) .............................................................................................58Figure 81: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................58Figure 82: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................58Figure 83: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................58Figure 84: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................58
AREAS AR AND MA (2001) .............................................................................................59Figure 85: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................59Figure 86: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................59Figure 87: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................59Figure 88: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................59Figure 89: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................59
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AREAS FW 2 (2000) .......................................................................................................62Figure 90: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................62Figure 91: Nitrate + Nitrate (NOX).........................................................................62Figure 92: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................62Figure 93: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................62
AREAS FW2 (2001) .........................................................................................................63Figure 94: Potassium (K) ......................................................................................63Figure 95: Nitrogen (TN) .......................................................................................63Figure 96: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................63Figure 97: Copper (Cu) .........................................................................................63Figure 98: Fecal Coliform .....................................................................................63
AREAS FW AND SR29 (2001) .......................................................................................66Figure 99: Potassium (K) .....................................................................................66Figure 100: Nitratrogen (TN) .................................................................................66Figure 101: Total Phosphorus (TP) ......................................................................66Figure 102: Copper (Cu) ........................................................................................66Figure 103: Fecal Coliform ....................................................................................66
AREAS SR20 AND SR24 (2001) .....................................................................................68Figure 104: Potassium (K) .....................................................................................68Figure 105: Nitrogen (TN) ......................................................................................68Figure 106: Total Phosphorus (TP) ......................................................................68Figure 107: Copper (Cu) ........................................................................................68Figure 108: Fecal Coliform ....................................................................................68
AREAS KL11 (2001) ........................................................................................................70Figure 109: Potassium ..........................................................................................70Figure 110: Nitrogen (TN) ......................................................................................70Figure 111: Total Phosphorus (TP) .......................................................................70Figure 112: Copper (Cu) ........................................................................................70Figure 113: Fecal Coliform ....................................................................................70
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List of Tables
Table 1: Manure Spreading Information, Metz Farms, 2000..................................19
Table 2: Manure Spreading Information, Metz Farms, 2001..................................20
Table 3: Results for Winter 2001 Sampling ............................................................71
Table 4: Results for Spring 2001 Sampling ............................................................71
Table 5: Results for Summer 2001 Sampling .........................................................71
Table 6: Percentage Distribution of Total Coliform and E. coli Counts ...............72
Table 7: Additional Sample Information..................................................................85
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The New Brunswick Department of the Environment and Local Government conducted amonitoring program of surface and well water quality in the vicinity of Sainte-Marie-de-Kent,New Brunswick, between April and October, 2000 and between May and November, 2001.The purpose of this program was to assess the possible effects of land application of liquidmanure generated at Metz Farms II on local surface and well water quality. This reportpresents data from both the 2000 and 2001 monitoring seasons. The first report entitled “MetzFarms 2 Ltd. Surface Water & Groundwater Monitoring Results April to October, 2000”presented the findings of only fecal coliform bacteria between April and October 2000. Copiesof this report can be obtained from Sciences and Reporting Branch, Department ofEnvironment and Local Government, Fredericton, New Brunswick.
Results from sampling of surface water stations and domestic wells are presented, includingthe concentrations of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate/nitrite, potassium, copper, andfecal coliforms, total coliforms and E. coli. Difficulty in distinguishing between various sourcesof the chemical and biological components, plus the temporal variability of surface waterquality during rainfall events, presented obstacles to the interpretation. However, a correlationof increasing concentration of all parameters after major rain events was apparent. Thiscorrelation existed in all areas regardless of whether or not Metz manure was applied. Thissuggests other factors can have an affect on the water quality. There is no clear evidence thatthe Metz program alone is having a measurable adverse affect on water quality in the studyarea.
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1.1 Background
The Ministerial Monitoring Committee forMetz Farms 2 Ltd. was formed in the fall of1999 and made up of staff from the NewBrunswick departmentsof: Environment and Local Government;Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture;Natural Resources and Energy; and Healthand Wellness. Other organizationsrepresented included Fisheries and OceansCanada, the Local Service District, theCooperative des Huîtres de Bouctouche, theAgri-Conservation Club, SustainableDevelopment at Northumberland Strait andthe Southeastern Angler’s Association.
The mandate of this committee was todevelop a surface and groundwater qualitymonitoring plan. Ultimately, the plan wouldhelp to determine if, and to what extent,manure applications affected surface andgroundwater quality in the area. The surfacewater sampling stations were chosen by thiscommittee, and the monitoring plan called forsites to be sampled routinely, as well as aftera rainfall of 25 mm or greater within a 24 hourperiod. It should be noted that somesampling stations were added or removedbetween the 2000 sampling program and the2001 sampling program. In part, this reflectsthe location of fields used for spreading. Inparticular, new sampling stations wereadded for the 2001 sampling in thenorthwestern part of the map area (Figures 2and 3).
2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Surface Water
The sampling stations were established tomonitor the quality of water originating fromthe land areas as presented in Figures 2 and3. Samples were taken upstream anddownstream in the areas where Metz manurespreading occurred. For
1.0 INTRODUCTION
On August 30, 1999, Metz Farms 2 Ltd. wasissued a license (#LO-0006) to operate apiggery at Saint-Marie-de-Kent (Figure 1)under Section 5(1) of the New BrunswickLivestock Operations Act administered bythe New Brunswick Department ofAgriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture.Manure management involved applyingstored liquid manure on nearby farm fields inthe spring and fall of 2000, and the spring,summer and fall of 2001. The licenserequired certain restrictions on manureapplication to minimize impacts on waterquality including: timing of application,setbacks near water courses, restrictions onslope and soil characteristics wherespreading was to take place, and specifiedapplication rates established through anapproved manure management plan.
The New Brunswick Department ofEnvironment and Local Government(NBDELG) conducted a monitoring programin 2000 and 2001 to determine the effects ofmanure management on both surface waterand groundwater. Results have beencompiled for surface water and groundwatersamples taken between April and October,2000 and between May and November,2001. For surface water, this report includesthe concentrations of total phosphorus (TP),potassium (K), nitrate + nitrite (NOX) andcopper (Cu) for the year 2000, and totalphosphorus (TP), potassium (K), totalnitrogen (TN), copper (Cu) and fecal coliform(FC) bacteria for the year 2001. Theconcentrations of fecal coliform (FC)bacteria for the year 2000 were published ina previous report in April 2001. Forgroundwater, this report presents data ontotal coliform and E. coli bacteria for thesampling year 2001.
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comparison, several other areas weresampled where no Metz manure spreadingoccurred, however in some cases theseareas were utiized by local farmers forspreading of manure from their operations.NBDELG staff (Moncton Regional Office)collected samples at each station inaccordance with established protocols.Samples were submitted to the NBDELGlaboratory and analyzed for 34 variablesincluding major ions, metals, nutrients,physical characteristics, and bacteria.Analyses were conducted using standardmethodologies.
Graphs were constructed for each parameterusing common dates along the bottom axis.Water quality results from upstream anddownstream sampling stations located in thesame local area have been kept on the samegraph. Points on the graphs designate that asample was collected on that date. Wherethere is no point on the graph, a sample hasnot been collected. This is typically due to dryconditions (not enough water could becollected) or that the station was not a prioritybased on the location of manure spreading.
2.2 Groundwater
A survey of water quality was conducted bycollecting groundwater samples in domesticwater wells in the vicinity of the fields wherespreading of liquid manure (generated atMetz Farms) was expected to occur. Localresidents were contacted in person, or whennot available, by letter to explain the samplingprogram, and who to contact if interested.During the year 2001, three sampling eventswere undertaken: Winter 2001, Spring 2001and Summer 2001. For the Winter 2001sampling event, of the 85 homeownerssurveyed, 71 agreed to participate in thesampling program, 12 did not respond to the
survey and 2 declined to participate. For theSpring 2001 sampling event, of the 88homeowners surveyed, 78 agreed toparticipate and 10 did not respond to thesurvey. For the Summer 2001 samplingevent, of the 92 homeowners surveyed, 88agreed to participate, 3 did not respond tothe survey and 1 declined to participate.
Samples were taken in accordance withaccepted techniques at all wells andanalyzed for bacteria only at the NBDELGlaboratory in Fredericton using standardtechniques. Results were mailed or hand-delivered to the homeowner. If the watertested positive for bacteria, the Departmentof Health and Wellness was also contactedand homeowners were advised onprocedures to follow.
2.3 Additional Data
Details of liquid manure spreading (volumes,dates, and field identification) were kindlyprovided by the Department of Agriculture,Fisheries and Aquaculture, MonctonRegional Office.
Rainfall data for the Moncton airport betweenthe months of March and November (year2000 and 2001), as well as rainfall data fromBouctouche between March and November(year 2001) were extracted from NBDELGfiles. Bouctouche rainfall data was added forthe year 2001 because it is likely to be morerepresentative of the spreading areas thanMoncton airport data. Bouctouche rainfalldata were not available for the year 2000.
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Figure 1: Location of Metz Farms 2 Ltd. in eastern NB
001.S-E.002-S-E.003-S-E.004-S-E.
FREDERICTON
MONCTON
SAINT JOHN
Sackville
Shediac
Bouctouche
Richibucto
MIRAMICHI
BATHURST
EDMUNDSTON
METZ FARMS
001.S-E.002-S-E.003-S-E.004-S-E.
FREDERICTON
MONCTON
SAINT JOHN
Sackville
Shediac
Bouctouche
Richibucto
MIRAMICHI
BATHURST
EDMUNDSTON
METZ FARMS
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Figure 2: Year 2000 Sampling Stations
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Figure 3: Year 2001 Sampling Stations
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3.0 RESULTS
3.1 Manure Spreading Information
Spreading of liquid manure was performed inthe spring and fall of 2000, and the spring,summer, and fall of 2001. Field identification,volume of spreading, and the dates ofspreading are presented in Tables 1 and 2.Department of Agriculture, Fisheries andAquaculture staff were on hand to witnessmost of the spreading activity to ensure thatthe application adhered to the manuremanagement plan.
3.2 Rainfall
Graphs of daily rainfall for the year 2000sampling period (Moncton airport) and theyear 2001 sampling period (Moncton airportand Bouctouche) are presented in Figures 4,5, and 6. In year 2000 (Moncton airport), totalrainfall amounts prior to each surface watersampling event were:
15 mm April 25 0 mm May 2327 mm June 8 6 mm June 27-28 0 mm July 31- August 1 9 mm August 2125 mm September 1641 mm October 1958 mm October 29
(see Figure 7a).
In year 2001 (Bouctouche), total rainfallamounts prior to each surface watersampling events were:
0 mm May 20.6 mm May 10
26.3 mm June 49.4 mm June 180 mm July 5
1.2 mm July 9 1.2 mm July 16 0.8 mm July 17 0 mm August 16 0 mm August 21 16.4 mm August 28 12 mm September 23 1.5 mm October 15 13.2 mm October 16 34.4 mm October 17 3.2 mm October 25 53.1 mm November 7
1.6 mm November 21 1.6 mm November 22
(see Figure 7b).
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F ie ld Id e n tific a tio n # o f L o a d s [Estim a te d m a x im u m
vo lu m e is 3750 Im p e ria l g a llo n s p e r lo a d ]
D a te s s p re a d (Y e a r 2 0 0 0 )
P art of C P 3 6 June 1F W 2 83 June 6B M 8, B M 9, part of B M 7 62 June 13P art of B M 5, B M 6 15 June 13 (n ight)Las t of B M 7, B M 3, north s ide of B M 2 64 June 14S ec t ion of CP 3 25 June 14 (n ight)CP 2 53 June 15B M 4 7 June 15V M 1 24 O c tober 12, 23, 24 , 25V M 5 6 O c tober 24V M 6 38 O c tober 23CP 1 80 O c tober 11M A 2, M A 3, M A 8 86 O c tober 13, 14, 18 , 23M A 10 12 O c tober 13A N 1, A N 2, A N 3, A N 4 40 O c tober 26LC 11, LC 12, LC13 29 O c tober 25A N 20, A N21, A N22 16 O c tober 25A N 19, A N23 10 O c tober 25A N 16 7 O c tober 26A N 8, A N 9, A N 10 6 O c tober 27
Table 1: Manure Spreading Information, Metz Farms, 2000
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Field Identification # of Loads [Estim ated maxim um
volum e is 3750 Im perial gallons per load]
Dates spread (Year 2001)
BM-8, BM-9, BM-2, BM-3 48 June 11BM-1, BM-2, BM-4, BM-3, EC-2 64 June 13KLN-4, KLN-8, KLN-9, KLN-6, KLN-5, KLN-8A 73 June 14KLN-8A, KLN-11, KLN-1 54 June 15MG-8, MG-9 35 June 19MG-10, MG-1, MG-9, KL-11 62 June 20KL-11, BM-5, BM-6 58 June 21FW -2 45 July 16FW -2, FW -1 44 July 17FW -1, FW -3, FW -26 53 July 18FW -26, FW -25 25 July 19FW -25, FW -14, FW -26, SR-29 25 July 20SR-29, FW -40 50 July 23SR–21A, SR-21B, SR-22, SR-23, SR-24, SR-20, FW -12 FW -13 51 July 24FW -12, FW -13, FW -3, FW -35 47 July 25RR-14, RR-3, RR-2, RR-4, RR-1B 73 July 26OM-4, OM- 3, OM-1, OM-2 74 July 27OM - 3 29 July 30OM - 5, SR-16, SR-17A, SR-17B 53 July 31SR - 13, SR-14, SR-12, SR-10, SR-8, SR-11 54 August 1VM-1, VM-6 49 September 25VM-6, VM-5, LC-13 35 September 26LC-12, LC-11 16 September 27AN-11, AN-12, AN-13, AN-14, AN-15, LC-11 40 September 28AN-8, AN- 9, AN-10, AN-1, AN-2, AN-3, AN-4 43 October 1AN-1, AN-2, AN-3, AN-4, AN-5, AN-6 AN-7, AR-1 37 October 2AR-1, CP-1 23 October 3CP-1 29 October 4CP-1 31 October 5CP-3 28 October 9CP-3, CP-4 30 October 10CP-4, CP-5 21 October 11CP-5 20 October 19BM-5, BM-6, CP-2 30 October 22CP-2 35 October 23CP-2, CP-5 18 October 24
Table 2: Manure Spreading Information, Metz Farms, 2001
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Figure 4: Daily Rainfall at Moncton, N.B., April to October 2000
Figure 5: Daily Rainfall at Moncton, N.B., April to October 2001
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Figure 6: Daily Rainfall at Bouctouche, N.B., April to November 2001
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Figure 7a: Total Rainfall (2000) for the 48 hour period before sampling (Moncton Airport)
Figure 7b: Total Rainfall (2001) for the 48 hour period before sampling (Bouctouche)
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Figure 8: Hypothetical Relationship Between Stream Discharge, Rainfall and BacteriaConcentration in a stream
Fecal Coliformconcentration
3.3 Surface Water Quality
In this report, results are presented for totalphosphorus (TP), potassium (K), nitrate +nitrite (NOX), and copper (Cu) for thesampling year 2000, and total phosphorus(TP), potassium (K), total nitrogen (TN),copper (Cu), and fecal coliform (FC) for thesampling year 2001. In general, TP, TN, andK are the three most abundant chemicalparameters in swine manure, and FC is anabundant biological component. Cu isincluded for both sampling years because itis a micronutrient that is added to feed. Inyear 2000, TN was not a standard parameterin the general water chemistry package sothe inorganic form of nitrogen (NOX) wasused as an indication of possible surfacerunoff. The concentrations of TN and NOXare not directly comparable but their overalltrends are expected to be similar. Note thatfor all parameters where the concentration isless than or greater than the detection limit,the detection limit value has been used.
In the following section, the results for eachparameter are organized according toarea,as well as livestock usage or non-usageand manure spreading history. It must beremembered that water quality may change agreat deal over the course of a rainfall event(Figure 8), and field personnel had no way ofknowing at precisely what point in the runoffcycle samples were collected. Therefore,caution must be exercised when interpretingresults, particularly when comparing resultsfor specific stations and/or dates. Thus,conclusions drawn from the data must betempered by the fact that results obtainedduring an event could be as much related tothe timing of sample collections as to theeffects of manure application.
A further complicating factor was the fact thatlivestock were pastured on some of thespreading areas. When FC and otherparameters were detected in drainage fromthese areas, the portion originating from theMetz manure and that from the pasturedlivestock or other sources (e.g. birds or wildanimals) could not be determined.
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Year 2000 Year 2001
Livestock: none known to be pastured withinthe area.
Manure application: no manure applied.
Results: see Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12.
Comments:An increase in K and TP was measured aftera small rainfall event in the middle ofSeptember. NOX decreased slightly for thesame rain event. Cu remained at less than0.5 micrograms/L for all three samples. Notethe station was not sampled when heavyrainfall occurred in October as no manurewas applied to the site.
AREAS DF1 AND FC1
Livestock: none known to be pastured withinthe area.
Manure application: no manure applied.
Results: see Figures 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.
Comments:K showed an apparent overall increasebetween spring and fall. For the most part,TN was below detection at less than 0.3 mg/L. However, both TN and TP increasedduring the major rain event of November 7.Cu concentrations were highest during theJune 4 and November 7 rain event. Fecalcoliform values were less than 10 CFU/ 100ml on May 2 and November 22, and less than100 CFU/100 ml on September 23. Valuesincreased during three rain events of June 4,August 28, and November 7 with the highestvalue of 300 CFU/100 ml during the August28 rain event.
Local Map: 00A Local Map: 01A
Mills
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N o r t h
Rd.
Coate
s
Mil
ls
R t e . 5 1 5
DF1
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
Coates M
Mill
s
So
uth
Rd.
N o r t h
Rd.
Coate
sM
il
ls
R t e . 5 1 5
Mill
s
So
uth
Rd.
N o r t h
Rd.
Coate
sM
il
ls
R t e . 5 1 5
DF1
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
26
2000Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12Potassium (K) Station DF1
June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Station DF1June-November 2000
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Station DF1June-November 2000
0
0.004
0.008
0.012
0.016
0.02
0.024
0.028
0.032
0.036
0.04
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Station DF1 June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
27
2001
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 13 Figure 16
Figure 17
Potassium (K) Station DF1May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Station DF1May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Station DF1May-November 2001
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Station DF1May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
CU
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Station DF1May-November 2001
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
28
29
Year 2000 Year 2001
Livestock: none known to be pastured in thearea.
Manure application: none
Results: see Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21.
Comments:Stations were not sampled during therainfall events of October because nomanure had been applied to the sites. Kincreased after the rain event of September16. TP showed an increase during the samerain event but only at station MG1. NOXincreased during the September 16 rainevent only at station MG2.
AREA MG
Livestock: none known to be pastured in thearea.
Manure application: MG1, MG8, MG9,MG10 June 19, 20
Results: see Figures 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26.
Comments:Overall increase in FC, K, TN, TP, and Cuduring the November 7 rain event, which waslong after spreading occurred in June.
Local Map: 00B Local Map: 01B
Road
49
0
R
Rte
.5
15
MG1
MG2
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
McLean Sett.
Road
49
0
R
Rte
.5
15
Road
49
0
R
Rte
.5
15
MG1
MG2
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/METRES
30
2000
Figure 18
Figure 19
Figure 20
Figure 21Potassium (K) Stations MG1 and MG2
June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations MG1 and MG2June-November 2000
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations MG1 and MG2June-November 2000
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations MG1 and MG2June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
31
2001
Figure 23
Figure 24
Figure 22 Figure 25
Figure 26
Potassium (K) Stations MG1 and MG2May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations MG1 and MG2May-November 2001
0
0.10.2
0.30.4
0.5
0.60.7
0.80.9
1
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations MG1 and MG2May-November 2001
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations MG1 and MG2May-November 2001
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
22.22.42.6
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations MG1 and MG2May-November 2001
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
32
33
Year 2000 Year 2001
Livestock: 50 cows on Area EC
Manure application: none
Results: see Figures 27, 28, 29 and 30.
Comments:Overall, values for all parameters werelowest in May and June and increased tohighest concentrations after the heavy rain inlate October. One exception to this was a Cuvalue of 10 micrograms/L obtained at Station10 on May 9.
AREAS EC, KL AND PW
Livestock: 30 cows on Area EC
Manure application: KL4, KL5, KL6, KL8,KL8A, KL9, KL11 June 14, 15, 20.
Results: see Figures 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35.
Comments:The highest FC values were located atstation 11 during the August 28 andNovember 7 rain events. In general the otherparameters increased during the November7 rain event. These values were obtainedlong after spreading occurred in June.
Station 10 is an upstream station. Station 11 is downstream of station 10, but upstream ofmost of the fields proposed for treatment. Station 12 is downstream of most of the fieldsproposed for manure application. Station 13 is downstream of all fields proposed fortreatment, near the confluence with the Bouctouche River.
Local Map: 00C Local Map: 01C
rth
Riv
er
Rd.
Sain
tLazare
desPele
rin
Rd.
Sain
t-
Lazare
duTrÈ
- CarrÈ
Rte
.4
910
1112
13
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLAC K
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLAC K
BLAC K
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
Saint Lazare
thR
iver
Rd.
Sain
tLazar
desPele
rin
Rd.
Sain
t-
Lazare
duTrÈ
- CarrÈ
R
Rte
.4
thR
iver
Rd.
Sain
tLazar
desPele
rin
Rd.
Sain
t-
Lazare
duTrÈ
- CarrÈ
R
Rte
.4
10
1112
13
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLAC K
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLAC K
BLAC K
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
34
2000Figure 27
Figure 28
Figure 29
Figure 30Potassium (K) Stations 10-13
May-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
9-M
ay
23-M
ay
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations 10-13May-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
9-M
ay
23-M
ay
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 10-13May-November 2000
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
9-M
ay
23-M
ay
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 10-13May-November 2000
0123456789
10
9-M
ay
23-M
ay
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
35
2001
Figure 32
Figure 33
Figure 31 Figure 34
Figure 35
Potassium (K) Stations 10-13May-November 2001
00.2
0.40.6
0.81
1.2
1.41.6
1.82
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations 10-13May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 10-13May-November 2001
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 10-13May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations 10-13May-November 2001
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
36
37
Year 2001
Livestock: 40 cows on OM
Manure application: none.
Results: See Figures 36, 37, 38 and 39.
Comments:Station OM3 showed the highest values forK, NOX, TP, and Cu during the September16 rain event. Stations were not sampledduring the rain events in October.
AREAS OM AND RR
Livestock: 50 cows on OM
Manure application: OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4,OM5 July 27, 30, 31.
Results: See Figures 40, 41, 42, 43 and44.
Comments:All parameters including FC, K, TN, TP, andCu showed an increase in concentrationduring the rain event of November 7. Cu andTP also showed increased values during theJune 4 rain event. Highest values for nearlyall parameters occurred long after spreadingtook place at the end of July.
Year 2000
Station OM1 is upstream of OM fields. Station OM2 is located downstream of fieldsdesignated OM5. Station OM3 is located on the upstream portion of a tributary drainingportions of areas RR and OM. Station OM4 is downstream of RR and OM.
Local Map: 00D Local Map: 01D
Ba
ck
Rd
.
Ric
hard
Road
Mort
onFarm
Rd.
est
Bran
ch
Dum
p
Rd.
L
OM3
OM4
OM2OM1
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/METRES
Ford Bank
Saint Nober t
Ba
ck
Rd
.
Ric
hard
Road
Mort
onFarm
Rd.
West
Bran
ch
Dum
p
Rd.
L'
…
Ba
ck
Rd
.
Ric
hard
Road
Mort
onFarm
Rd.
West
Bran
ch
Dum
p
Rd.
L'
…
OM3
OM4
OM2OM1
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
38
2000Figure 36
Figure 37
Figure 38
Figure 39Potassium (K) Stations OM1-OM4
June-November 2000
0
24
68
1012
1416
1820
22
28-J
un
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations OM1-OM4June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
28-J
un
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations OM1-OM4June-November 2000
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
28-J
un
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations OM1-OM4June-November 2000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
28-J
un
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
39
2001
Figure 41
Figure 42
Figure 40 Figure 43
Figure 44
Potassium (K) Stations OM1-OM4May-November 2001
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations OM1-OM4May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations OM1-OM4May-November 2001
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations OM1-OM4May-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations OM1-OM4May-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
40
41
Year 2000 Year 2001
Livestock: none
Manure application: BM 7, 8, 9 June 13BM 7 June 14
Results: See Figures 45, 46, 47 and 48.
Comments:Concentrations of K, NOX, TP, and Cu allincreased after the October 19 rain event.The highest concentration of NOX occurredafter the October 29 rain event.Concentrations of all parameters remainedrelatively low during the summer months.Stations were not sampled immediately afterspreading in the middle of June.
AREAS BM 7, 8, AND 9
Livestock: none
Manure application: BM 8, 9 June 11
Results: See Figures 49, 50, 51, 52 and53.
Comments:The highest concentration of FC wasobtained after the June 4 rain event.Increased concentrations were also obtainedin the middle of October, also related to rainevents. Increased concentrations of Koccurred after the rain event of October 16and 17. The highest values of TN and TPwere obtained on November 7.
Station 1 is an upstream site on a stream draining a wooded area. The stream is aconsiderable distance from the treated areas. Station 2 is a downstream site. Stations 1 and 2likely do not represent sites where all drainage from fields BM 7, 8, and 9 enters because thefields are in a watershed divide area. In other words, the sample stations represent only partialdrainage from the fields where manure was spread.
Local Map: 00E Local Map: 01E
Sai n
tI r
en
eR
d.
ouar
dvill
eR
d.
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METERS/ METRESMETRES/METRES
Sai n
tI r
en
eR
d.
irou
ardvi
lleR
d.
Sai n
tI r
en
eR
d.
irou
ardvi
lleR
d.
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
42
2000Figure 45
Figure 46
Figure 47
Figure 48Potassium (K) Stations 1 and 2
April-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations 1 and 2April-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
//L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 1 and 2April-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Station 1 and 2April-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
43
2001
Figure 50
Figure 51
Figure 49 Figure 52
Figure 53
Potassium (K) Stations 1 and 2May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations 1 and 2May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 1 and 2May-November 2001
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations 1 and 2May-November 2001
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
Copper (Cu) Stations 1 and 2May-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
23-A
ug
23-S
ep
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
44
45
Year 2000 Year 2001
AREAS CP AND BM
Station 7 is upstream of the treated areas. Station 5 is located about two thirds the distancedown the drainage from Station 7. A large portion of the treated area, as well as communitypasture are upstream of this site. Station 3 is located downstream of areas where Metzmanure was applied.
Livestock: CP 350 cows; BM 80 cows, 20heifers, 20 horses
Manure Application:CP 1 October 11 and 12CP 2 June 15CP 3 June 1, 14BM 2, 3 June 14BM 4 June 15BM 5, 6 June 13VM1 October 12, 23, 24, 25
Results: See Figures 54, 55, 56 and 57.
Comments:In summary, the heavy rains of Septemberand October appeared to have resulted inoverall increases of K, NOX, TP, and Cu.NOX shows a pattern of increasingconcentration downstream from station 7 tostation 3 for nearly all sampling events. TPconcentrations decreased between the rain
Livestock: CP 280 cows; BM 70 cows,some horses
Manure Application:
BM1, BM2, BM3,and BM4 June 11, 13BM5, BM6 October 22VM1 September 25CP1, CP2, CP3,CP4, and CP5 October 29
Results: See Figures 58, 59, 60, 61 and62.
Comments:Highest FC concentrations occurred after theAugust 28, October 17, and November 7 rainevents. TN and TP concentrations remainedlow throughout the summer months and werehighest after the rain event on November 7.
Year 2000 Continued on Page 46
Local Map: 00F Local Map: 01F
Road
McN
airn
Br.
Rd.
Girou
Rd
.
3
5
7
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
McNar in
oad
McN
airn
Br.
Rd.
Girou
rR
d.
oad
McN
airn
Br.
Rd.
Girou
rR
d.
3
5
7
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
46
Year 2000 Continued from page 45
events of October 19 and October 29 for allthree sample stations. This could indicatethat much of the available phosphorus wasremoved via runoff after the first rain events inthe fall.
47
2000Figure 54
Figure 55
Figure 56
Figure 57Potassium (K) Stations 3, 5 and 7
April-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.525
-Apr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations 3, 5 and 7April-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 3, 5 and 7April-November 2000
00.01
0.020.03
0.040.050.06
0.070.08
0.090.1
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 3, 5 and 7April-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
31-J
ul
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
48
2001Figure 58 Figure 61
Figure 62Figure 59
Figure 60
Potassium (K) Stations 3, 5 and 7May-November 2001
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations 3, 5 and 7May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 3, 5 and 7May-November 2001
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 3, 5 and 7May-November 2001
00 .20 .40 .60 .8
11.21.41.61.8
22 .22 .42 .6
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)Fecal Coliform Stations 3, 5 and 7
May-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
49
Year 2000 Year 2001
AREA VM
Station VM 1 drains a portion of field VM 6. Station VM 2 drains field VM 5 and a surroundingarea. Station VM 3 drains mostly hay fields, however, a small tributary of the main streamdrains a portion of Field VM 6. Station VM 4 drains an area that was not treated. Land use inthe drainage is considered to be typical of that throughout the area, mostly hay fields andsome cattle. Note that in year 2001, several samples from station VM4 were probably ofocean water (taken at high tide) and have not been included.
Livestock: 40 cows
Manure Application:VM5 October 24VM6 October 23, 24
Results: See Figures 63, 64, 65 and 66
Comments:NOX concentrations were highest after therain event on October 29. TP was highestafter the October 19 rain event and droppedconsiderably after the October 29 rain event.Cu values peaked after the rain event ofSeptember 16.
Livestock: none
Manure Application:VM5, VM6 October 24, 25
Results: See Figures 67, 68, 69, 70and 71.
Comments:FC concentrations were very high(10,200 CFU/100 ml) at station VM3after the September 23 rain event. Thisstation drains only a minor portion ofspreading area VM6. Also, the area didnot receive manure until October.Therefore, it is not possible that theMetz spreading resulted in this highvalue. TN was highest for three out ofthe four sampling stations after the rainevent on November 7. TP peaked atstation VM2 after the September 23 rainevent.
Local Map: 00G Local Map: 01G
McNair
nRoad
49
5
Rte.
51
5
Rte
VM3
VM4
VM2
VM1
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/METRES
e-M
arie
-de-
Ken
McNairn
Road
49
5
Rte.
51
5
Rt
McNairn
Road
49
5
Rte.
51
5
Rt
VM3
VM4
VM2
VM1
McNairn
Road
49
5
Rte.
51
5
Rt
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/METRES
50
2000Figure 63
Figure 64
Figure 65
Figure 66Potassium (K) Stations VM1-VM4
June-November 2000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
27-J
un
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations VM1-VM4June-November 2000
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
27-J
un
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations VM1-VM4June-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
27-J
un
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations VM1-VM4June-October 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
27-J
un
28-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
51
2001Figure 67
Figure 68
Figure 69
Figure 70
Figure 71
Potassium (K) Stations VM1-VM4May-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations VM1-VM4May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations VM1-VM4 May-November 2001
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations VM1-VM4May-November 2001
00.5
11.52
2.5
33.5
4
4.55
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations VM1-VM4May-November 2001
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
18-J
un
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
52
53
Year 2000 Year 2001
AREAS AN AND LC
Station AN1 is located downstream of treated area. Station AN3 is located upstream of stationAN1 (note this station was moved in Year 2001 because the first location generally did nothave enough water during dry periods). Station AN2 is located on a small tributary of theBouctouche River and represents drainage from fields with the AN designation, but alsodrained considerable area outside of the AN fields.
Livestock: 100 cows, 75 calves (AN)
Manure application:AN 1,2,3,4 October 26, 27AN 20,21,22 October 25, 26AN 19,23 October 25, 26AN 16 October 26AN 8,9,10 October 27LC 11,12,13 October 25, 26
Results: See Figures 72, 73, 74 and 75.
Comments:K, NOX, TP, and Cu all increased after theOctober 29 rain event. K, TP, and Cuincreased to a lesser degree after theSeptember 16 rain event compared to thelower concentrations in June and July.
Livestock: 55 cows (AN 11 to 23)
Manure application:AN11, AN12, AN13, AN14
and AN15 September 28AN8, AN9, AN10 October 1AN1, AN2, AN3,
and AN4 October 1, 2AN5, AN6, AN7 October 2
Results: See Figures 76, 77, 78, 79 and80.
Comments:FC concentrations were relatively high atstation AN1 on July 5 as well as during theOctober rains and after the rains onNovember 7. K, TN, and TP were elevatedon July 5. The elevated concentrations onJuly 5 were not related to a rain event.
Local Map: 00H Local Map: 01H
Pe
l e
Rd.
o r t h
Rd.
AN3
AN1
AN2
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
Coates Mills
Pe
l e
hR
d.
o r t h
Rd.
Pe
l e
hR
d.
o r t h
Rd. AN3
AN1
AN2
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
54
2000Figure 72
Figure 73
Figure 74
Figure 75Potassium (K) Stations AN1 and AN2
June-November 2000
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
27-J
un
31-J
ul
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations AN1 and AN2June-November 2000
00.5
11.52
2.53
3.54
4.55
27-J
un
31-J
ul
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations AN1 and AN2June-November 2000
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
27-J
un
31-J
ul
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations AN1 and AN2 June-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
27-J
un
31-J
ul
1-A
ug
16-S
ep
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
55
2001
Figure 76
Figure 77
Figure 78
Figure 79
Figure 80
Potassium (K) Stations AN1-AN3May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
30-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations AN1-AN3May-November 2001
012
34567
89
10
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
30-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations AN1-AN3May-November 2001
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
30-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations AN1-AN3May-November 2001
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
22.22.42.62.8
3
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
30-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations AN1-AN3May-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
9-Ju
l
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
30-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
56
57
Year 2000 Year 2001
AREAS AR AND MA
Station MA1 is located downstream of manure application areas. The drainage includes aconsiderable area outside the treated fields and thus, results were subject to the effects ofnon-treated areas. Station MA2 is located on another stream which drains the MA and ARfields.
Livestock: 30 cows80 sheep (neither cows or sheepwere pastured in the treated area)
Manure application:MA 2,3,8 October 13,14,18,23MA 10 October 13
Results: See Figures 81, 82, 83 and 84.
Comments:K, TP, and Cu increased after the October19 rain event. Manure spreading took placeonly days before this rain event. NOX washighest at station MA1 during the June andJuly sampling times and dropped off afterthe rain events on September 16, October19, and October 29.
Livestock: none
Manure application: none
Results: See Figures 85, 86, 87, 88 and89.
Comments:FC concentration was highest at stationMA2 on October 15. FC, K, TN, TP and Cuall had increased concentrations after theNovember 7 rain event compared to theprevious sampling event on October 25.
Local Map: 00J Local Map: 01J
Chem
inde
laSucre
rie
Ro
ad
Sher
w
oo
d
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
Chem
inde
laSucre
rie
Ro
ad
Sher
w
oo
d
Chem
inde
laSucre
rie
Ro
ad
Sher
w
oo
d
MA1
MA2
METRES / M»TRES
1000500200 0100
METRES/ METRES
58
2000Figure 81
Figure 82
Figure 83
Figure 84Potassium (K) Stations MA1 and MA2
June-November 2000
00.5
11.52
2.53
3.54
4.55
5.5
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations MA1 and MA2June-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations MA1 and MA2June-November 2000
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations MA1 and MA2June-November 2000
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
27-J
un
31-J
ul
16-S
ep
19-O
ct
29-O
ct
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
59
2001
Figure 85
Figure 86
Figure 87
Figure 88
Figure 89
Potassium (K) Stations MA1 and MA2May-November 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
7-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations MA1 and MA2May-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
7-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations MA1 and MA2May-November 2001
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
7-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations MA1 and MA2May-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
5
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
7-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations MA1 and MA2May-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
10-M
ay
4-Ju
n
7-Ju
n
5-Ju
l
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
15-O
ct
16-O
ct
17-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
22-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
60
61
Year 2000 Year 2001
AREA FW 2
Station 8 is located upstream of the treated area. Station 8B is located a short distancedownstream of the treated area. Station 9 is located downstream of station 8B and representsa larger drainage area than station 8B. Station 18 was added in 2001.
Livestock: 45 cows, 50 sheep
Manure application: June 6 and 12
Results: See Figures 90, 91, 92 and 93.
Comments:The highest concentration of TP wasobtained from station 8 after the rain event ofSeptember 16. K and Cu also increased atall three stations after the September 16 rainevent.
Livestock: 45 cows
Manure application: July 16 and 17
Results: See Figures 94, 95, 96, 97 and98.
Comments:All parameters increased in concentrationafter the rain event of November 7. Theconcentration of FC and TP were elevated onJuly 16, apparently not related to a rain event.The July increase in concentration occurredat the time of spreading of Metz manure.
Local Map: 00K Local Map: 01K
Rt e
.470
8
8B
9
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
Rt e
.
470
Rt e
.
470
8
8B
918
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
62
2000Figure 90
Figure 91
Figure 92
Figure 93Potassium (K) Stations 8, 8b and 9
April-November 2000
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
1-A
ug
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Nitrate + Nitrite (NOX) Stations 8, 8b and 9April-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
1-A
ug
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
NO
X (
mg
/L)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 8, 8b and 9April-November 2000
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
1-A
ug
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 8, 8b and 9April-November 2000
00.2
0.40.6
0.81
1.2
1.41.6
1.82
25-A
pr
8-Ju
n
1-A
ug
21-A
ug
16-S
ep
27-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
63
2001
Figure 94
Figure 95
Figure 96
Figure 97
Figure 98
Potassium (K) Stations 8, 8b, 9 and 18June-November 2001
00.2
0.40.6
0.81
1.21.4
1.61.8
2
4-Ju
n
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations 8, 8b, 9 and 18June-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
4-Ju
n
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 8, 8b, 9 and 18June-November 2001
00.02
0.040.06
0.080.1
0.12
0.140.16
0.180.2
4-Ju
n
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 8, 8b, 9 and 18June-November 2001
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
22.22.4
4-Ju
n
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations 8, 8b, 9 and 18June-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4-Ju
n
9-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
64
65
3.4 New Sample Areas for 2001
AREAS FW AND SR29
Station 16 is located within spreading areas SR29 and FW40 and station 17 is a downstreamstation. Stations 19 and 20 represent drainage from FW fields. These stations were new inyear 2001.
Year 2001
Livestock: 40 cows (Field SR 29)
Manure application:SR29 July 20 and 23FW40 July 23FW35 July 25
Results: See Figures 99, 100, 101, 102 and 103.
Comments:FC and TP concentrations were highest on July 16, before spreading occurred. Note thatseveral samples from station 17 were possibly of ocean water (taken at high tide) and havenot been included. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, sulphate, calcium, magnesium,and chloride were very high compared to samples typical in this report.
Local Map: 01L
t Branch
So
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
66
2001
Figure 99
Figure 100
Figure 101
Figure 102
Figure 103
Potassium (K) Stations 16, 17, 19 and 20July-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
16-J
ul
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Stations 16, 17, 19 and 20July-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16-J
ul
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Stations 16, 17, 19 and 20July-November 2001
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
16-J
ul
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Stations 16, 17, 19 and 20July-November 2001
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
16-J
ul
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Stations 16, 17, 19 and 20July-November 2001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
16-J
ul
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
67
Year 2001
AREAS SR20 AND SR24
Station 15 is located downstream from the spreading areas. This station was new to year2001.
Livestock: 55 cows (moved between two places so animals were not located here for theentire summer)
Manure application:SR20, SR21A, SR21B, SR22, SR23, SR24 July 24
Results: See Figures 104, 105, 106, 107 and 108.
Comments:K, TN and TP all peaked after the November 7 rain event. Cu and FC concentrations peakedin August and apparently were not related to a rain event. Both of these high values wereobtained weeks after spreading occurred in July.
Local Map: 01M
West Br
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/ METRES
68
2000 2001
Figure 104
Figure 105
Figure 106
Figure 107
Figure 108
Potassium (K) Station 15July-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Station 15July-November 2001
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Station 15July-November 2001
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Station 15July-November 2001
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Station 15July-November 2001
0500
10001500
200025003000350040004500500055006000
17-J
ul
16-A
ug
21-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
69
Year 2001
AREA KL11
Station 14 is located downstream from the spreading area. This station was new to year2001.
Livestock: none
Manure application:KL11 June 21
Results: See Figures 109, 110, 111, 112 and 113.
Comments:FC, K, TN and TP all peaked after the November 7 rain event. During the summer months,concentrations for all parameters were comparatively low.
Local Map: 01N
p h yR
oa
d
METRES / M»TRES
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
BLACK
500 1000 1500500 0
METRES/METRES
70
2001Figure 109
Figure 110
Figure 111
Figure 113
Figure 112Potassium (K) Station 14
July-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
K (
mg
/L)
Total Nitrogen (TN) Station 14July-November 2001
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TN
(m
g/L
)
Total Phosphorus (TP) Station 14July-November 2001
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
TP
(m
g/L
)
Copper (Cu) Metz Farm Study, Station 14July-November 2001
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
22.22.42.62.8
3
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
Cu
(u
g/L
)
Fecal Coliform Station 14July-November 2001
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
5-Ju
l
16-J
ul
16-A
ug
28-A
ug
23-S
ep
16-O
ct
25-O
ct
7-N
ov
21-N
ov
Date
FC
-MF
(C
FU
/100
ml)
71
3.5 Groundwater Quality
Table 3. Pre-spreading results for Winter 2001 sampling
Table 4. Pre-spreading results for Spring 2001 sampling
Total coliform 70 ND - > 200 counts/100
mL
<10 counts/100 mL on first sample, no
two consecutive samples with
presence detected
24 samples showed presence on first sample, of these
samples 10 samples had counts > 10 counts/100 mL
E. coli 70 ND – 4 counts/100
0 counts/100 mL 2 samples
# exceeding guidelines
Parameter # o f samples
R ange of results
Guideline*
Tota l co lifo rm 78 ND - > 200 counts/100
mL
<10 counts/100 mL on firs t sam ple , no
two consecutive samp les with
presence detected
33 sam ples showed presence on firs t
samp le, 21 samp les had counts > 10 counts/100 mL
E . co li 78 ND – 18 counts/100
0 counts/100 mL 5 samples
P aram eter # o f sam ple
R ange of resu lts
Guideline* # exceed ing g u id elin e
Table 5. Pre-spreading results for Summer 2001 sampling
Total coliform 88 ND - > 200 counts/100
mL
<10 counts/100 mL on first sample, no
two consecutive samples with
presence detected
30 samples showed presence on first
sample, 14 samples had counts > 10 counts/100 mL
E. coli 88 ND – 1 counts/100
mL
0 counts/100 mL 4 samples
# exceeding guideline
Guideline*Parameter # o f sample
R ange of results
Samples were taken from January through to October 2001. The results are shown in Tables 3,4 and 5. Results by area are presented in Appendix II.
*Note: Total coliform count greater than 10 counts/100 mL is unacceptable. If a result of 1 -10 is obtained re-sampling is recommended. To meet the guideline no two consecutive samples should show any presence oftotal coliforms.
72
Percentage results of total coliforms above the Health Advisory Limit (HAL) and the percentageresults of E. coli counts above the HAL of 0 counts per 100 ml are shown in Table 6. Resultsranged from non-detectable (ND) to >200 organisms per 100 ml. Previous studies in rural NewBrunswick (Ecobichon et al, 1990) have shown total coliform counts exceeding the HAL in NewBrunswick in the range of 18-23% of samples. This variation is possibly related to sediment typeor due to the non-randomness of site selection.
Table 6. Percentage distribution of Total coliform and E. coli counts
As can be seen from the data in Appendix II, most wells exhibited no change or a reduction oftotal coliform counts from previous sampling events. One well exhibited an increase in totalcoliform counts. A reduction could be attributed to chlorination of wells following previouspositive tests results. Without information pertaining to an interim test on the wells withpositive counts, it is difficult to comment on the possible effect of spreading on the well water,except to simply examine post-spreading results. Of the wells tested on August 23rd andSeptember 4th, 80 % showed no detection of total coliforms. One well had nine total coliformcolonies where previously there were four. This is not a statistically significant difference.
Parameter Winter 2001 Spring 2001 Summer 2001Percentage of Total
Coliform counts above the HAL (%)
34.3 42.3 34.1
Percentage of E. coli counts above HAL (%) 2.9 6.4 4.5
Samples taken after spreading showed no detection of E. coli. Should spreading of the liquidmanure be a cause for concern, one would expect to see E. coli counts. Total coliform can beproduced from a variety of sources and is widespread in the natural environment. E. coli isthought to be universally present in the feces of warm blooded animals. It is suggestedtherefore that E. coli would always be present in any fecal contamination event (Allen andEdberg, 1995). Thus, at this time there appears to be no relationship between the spreadingof liquid manure (originating at Metz Farms) and well contamination. In any case where thereis concern regarding bacteria in a homeowners well, the owner is contacted and advised as toprocedures to follow.
73
4.0 CONCLUSIONS
4.1 Surface Water
At this stage there is no evidence that theMetz Farm manure application program hashad an adverse effect on water quality in thevicinity covered by the present study.
In some areas, uncertainties exist with thetiming of sampling and the rate of waterquality changes during and after rain events,however in general there was a correlation ofincreased chemical and biologicalparameters with increased rainfall. Thiscorrelation exists even in areas where noMetz manure was applied. For example, atStation DF1 there was a relatively largeincrease in TP and TN on November 7, 2001(heavy rains) and no Metz manure wasapplied and no livestock were pastured.
In areas where Metz manure was applied,there was no clear correlation with
observed FC levels. For example, atStations 1 and 2 (where no livestock werepastured but Metz manure was applied) fecalcoliforms increased significantly in June andOctober, 2001. However, the water samplewas collected before manure was applied,and the October increase was more thanthree months after application. Therefore it isunlikely that the Metz spreading had causedthe increases in fecal coliforms.
4.2 Groundwater
1. Background water quality data consistingof 70, 78 and 88 samples were collectedduring the winter, spring and summer of2001, respectively.
2. There appears to be no relationshipbetween the spreading of liquid manurefrom Metz Farms and well contamination.
74
75
5.0 REFERENCES
Allen, M.J. and S.C. Edberg. 1995. The Public Health Significance of Bacterial Indicators inDrinking Water. Presented at International Conference - “Coliforms and E-coli:Problem or Solution?”, Royal Society of Chemistry, University of Leeds, U.K.,September 24-27, 1995.
Ecobichon, D.J., Hicks, R., Allen, M.C., and R. Albert. 1990. Groundwater Contamination in RuralNew Brunswick. Environmental Health Review.
N.B. Department of the Environment and Local Government, Sciences and Reporting Branch.2001. Metz Farms 2 Ltd. Surface Water & Groundwater Monitoring Results, April toOctober, 2000.
76
77
APPENDIX I
Example of Homeowner’s Questionnaire
78
79
GROUND WATER MONITORING PLAN FORMETZ FARMS 2 LTD
HOME OWNERS QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Address:
1. What is your source of drinking water?
! Drilled well If yes, year drilled
Drilling Company
Is well tagged?
Do you have driller’s report?
Tag no.
! Dug
Spring
Surface water
2. How deep is your well?
! Casing depth
3. Any other wells on your property?
! Which type?
! Are they being used?
! Have they been filled in? How?
80
4. Is the well cap above or below ground level? If below ground level, how deep?
5. Do you have a water softener?
6. Do you have an outside tap where a sample can be taken?
7. Please describe the type of soils near your well.
8. Do you wish to participate in the water sampling survey?
9. Please make a sketch of your lot indicating your home and well location and septicsystem.
81
APPENDIX II
Results of Groundwater Sampling Events 2001
82
Results of Groundwater Sampling Events 2001
date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. 1 95 1974 22-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND2 85-120 60 1994 19-Feb-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 2 ND3 spring 22-Jan-01 27 ND 29-May-01 200 ND 14-Aug-01 74 ND
22-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND4 19-Feb-01 ND ND5 60 22-Jan-01 > 200 4 17-May-01 > 200 ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND6 23-Aug-01 165 17 80 1983 22-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND
8 100 30 1978 24-Jan-01 ND ND 07-Jun-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND9 24-Jan-01 ND ND 30-May-01 6 ND 14-Aug-01 14 ND
10 110 87 1989 24-Jan-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND11 60 "old" 17-May-01 > 200 18 20-Aug-01 ND ND
60 "old" 13-Jun-01 94 660 "old" 24-Jan-01 3 ND 05-Jul-01 3 ND
12 19-Feb-01 ND ND 30-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND13 1975 25-Jan-01 ND ND 30-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND14 25-Jan-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND15 25-Jan-01 15 ND 14-Aug-01 1 ND16 25-Jan-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND17 64 1985 05-Feb-01 6 ND 14-Aug-01 4 ND18 05-Feb-01 6 2 24-May-01 > 200 15 14-Aug-01 ND ND19 100 1957 19-Feb-01 ND ND 24-May-01 3 ND 14-Aug-01 4 ND
20 17-Jul-01 ND ND04-Sep-01 ND ND
21 17-Jul-01 ND ND04-Sep-01 ND ND
22 17-Jul-01 4 ND23-Aug-01 9 ND
23 17-Jul-01 ND ND23-Aug-01 ND ND
24 17-Jul-01 109 ND23-Aug-01 ND ND
25 08-Aug-01 1 ND30-Aug-01 ND ND
26 23-Aug-01 ND ND27 23-Jan-01 1 ND 23-May-01 ND ND 23-Aug-01 ND ND28 80 20 1942 22-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 3 ND 23-Aug-01 ND ND29 22-Jan-01 1 ND 08-May-01 101 ND 23-Aug-01 29 ND
11-Oct-01 2 ND
well depth (ft)
Sample #
age of well
Winter 2001 Spring 2001casing depth
(ft)Summer 2001
T.C. = Total coliformsE.C. = E. coliN.D. = Not detected
83
Results of Groundwater Sampling Events 2001 continued.
date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. 30 05-Feb-01 2 ND 10-May-01 4 ND 13-Aug-01 2 ND31 10-May-01 1 ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND32 70 30 1984 23-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND33 24-Jan-01 ND ND34 1970 23-Jan-01 ND ND 23-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 200 ND
30-Aug-01 1 ND35 80 27-30 1953 23-Jan-01 1 ND 10-May-01 1 ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND36 23-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND37 70 1990 24-Jan-01 ND ND 23-May-01 12 ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND38 24-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND39 10-May-01 12 ND 13-Aug-01 70 ND40 spring 13-Aug-01 144 ND41 23-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 > 200 ND 8-Aug-01 ND ND
24-May-01 ND ND42 19-Feb-01 32 ND 23-May-01 56 ND 8-Aug-01 41 ND
05-Jun-01 > 200 ND43 28-30 05-Feb-01 41 ND 24-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 25 ND44 24-Jan-01 ND ND 23-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 4 1
21-Aug-01 ND ND22-Aug-01 ND ND
45 23-Jan-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND46 85 45 1985 05-Feb-01 1 ND 23-May-01 > 200 ND 13-Aug-01 8 ND47 145 45 05-Feb-01 ND ND 23-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND48 with filter 1974 24-Jan-01 56 ND 23-May-01 74 ND49 without filter 1974 24-Jan-01 88 ND50 23-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND51 23-May-01 59 ND 22-Aug-01 ND ND52 24-Jan-01 ND ND 23-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND
53 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 21-Aug-01 ND ND54 29-May-01 ND ND 21-Aug-01 ND ND55 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND56 29-May-01 ND ND 21-Aug-01 ND ND57 spring 30-Jan-01 19 ND 29-May-01 > 200 ND 15-Aug-01 165 158 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND59 1975 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND60 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND61 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 1 ND 21-Aug-01 ND ND62 120 25-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 21-Aug-01 ND ND63 24-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND64 90 1972 22-Jan-01 ND ND 29-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 >200 ND
Sample #
well depth (ft)
casing depth
(ft)age of well
Winter 2001 Spring 2001 Summer 2001
T.C. = Total coliformsE.C. = E. coliN.D. = Not detected
84
Results of Groundwater Sampling Events 2001 continued.
date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. date T.C. E.C. 65 28-Feb-01 ND ND 22-Aug-01 50 ND
4-Sep-01 14 ND66 30-May-01 29 8 15-Aug-01 ND ND67 52 25-28 1975 19-Feb-01 2 ND 23-May-01 165 ND 15-Aug-01 ND ND
68 150 30 1970 22-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND69 1980 19-Feb-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND70 60 1962 30-Jan-01 25 ND 08-May-01 14 ND 20-Aug-01 4 ND
05-Feb-01 16 ND 24-May-01 ND ND14-Feb-01 ND ND30-Jan-01 18 ND
71 30-Jan-01 9 ND 08-May-01 3 ND 23-Aug-01 3 ND72 70-80 1974 25-Jun-01 ND ND 23-Aug-01 ND ND73 1979 22-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND74 85 40 1974 22-Jan-01 1 ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 1 ND75 50 1950 22-Jan-01 2 ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 2 ND
30-Jan-01 ND ND76 150 1950 22-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 ND ND 22-Aug-01 ND ND77 29-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND78 29-May-01 12 ND 13-Aug-01 3 ND79 22-Jan-01 3 ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND
17-Jun-01 27 ND80 60-70 25-30 1950 08-May-01 2 ND 13-Aug-01 1 181 08-May-01 2 ND82 23-Jan-01 5 ND 08-May-01 > 200 2 13-Aug-01 6 ND83 85 1993 22-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND
84 144 1988 22-Jan-01 ND ND 10-May-01 2 ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND25-Jun-01 ND ND
85 25-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 ND ND 20-Aug-01 ND ND86 70-80 "old" 22-Jan-01 ND ND 23-May-01 12 1 13-Aug-01 ND ND
25-Jun-01 ND ND87 85 1988 22-Jan-01 ND ND 08-May-01 ND ND 13-Aug-01 ND ND
88 98 50 1950 05-Feb-01 ND ND 13-Jun-01 2 ND 9-Aug-01 ND ND89 08-Feb-01 ND ND 27-Jun-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND90 05-Feb-01 1 ND 15-Aug-01 118 ND91 24-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND92 05-Feb-01 ND ND 24-May-01 ND ND 14-Aug-01 ND ND
Sample #
well depth (ft)
casing depth
(ft)age of well
Winter 2001 Spring 2001 Summer 2001
T.C. = Total coliformsE.C. = E. coliN.D. = Not detected
85
APPENDIX III
Additional Sample Information
86
87
Date Site Number Sample Reason
November 7, 2001 9 No FC Bottle broken
September 23, 2001 1 Sampled twice
August 30, 2001 AN2 No FC E. coli tested
May 10, 2001 VM3 No FC Bottle broken
*Note: TN not tested in 2001 until after May 10, 2001
Table 7: Additional sample information
88
