Metso25052011

FINNISH FORESTRY IN A NUTSHELL

Miia Jyrkkärinne, Tuukka Kataja & Lasse Maunula25.5.2011

HAKAPIRTTI, VALKEAKOSKI

TUOHIMETSÄNHOITO-OSUUSKUNTA

2TUOHIMETSÄNHOITO-OSUUSKUNTA

FOREST RESOURCES

10 %

78 %

8 %

3 % 1 %

Inland wa-tercourses

Forestry land

Agricultural land

Built-up areas

Transport routes, etc.

Source: Finnish Forest Research Institute

Photo: Lasse Maunula


OWNERSHIP OF FORESTRY LAND

52 %

8 %

35 %

5 %

PrivateCompaniesStateOthers




ECONOMICS

4 %

16 %

77 %

1 % 2 %FINLAND'S FOREIGN TRADE 2009

Wood-products industries

Pulp and paper industries

Other industries

Primary production and mining

Other (Electricity etc.)

Net earnings from forestry to forest owners in 2009:922 921 000 €



5

COMMERCIAL ROUNDWOOD REMOVALS


2007 2008 2009 20100

10203040506070

Mill

. m3

99,2 % of roundwood is mechanically harvestedAnnual growth: 99,5 million m3


6

FOREST CYCLE


Regeneration

Cleaning of sapling stand

Thinnings

Final cutting


7

SUSTAINABILITY AND FORESTRY


Over 95 % of Finnish forests are PEFC-certified. PEFC stands for

Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification.

In addition, Finnish forests may also be FSC-certified.


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EXAMPLES OF PEFC CRITERIA


Criterion 3: Health of the stand shall be attended

Criterion 4: Finnish native tree species shall be used in forest regeneration

Criteria 7: Seedling stands shall be tended to safeguard wood production

Criteria 9: Conservation value of protected areas shall be safeguarded


Source: PEFC Finland: Criteria for Group Certification

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EXAMPLES OF PEFC CRITERIA


Criterion 10: Typical features of valuable habitats are preserved

Criterion 12: Previously known habitats of endangered species are safeguarded

Criterion 13: Retention trees and decaying wood shall be left in forestry operations


Source: PEFC Finland: Criteria for Group Certification

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SUSTAINABILITY AND FORESTRY


Forestry is also regulated byLaw. Forestry act requires

that the forests are tended in a socially, economically

and ecologically sustainable way.

For example, one is required to regenerate the

forest that has been cut down within a reasonable

time.


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TREES OF FINLAND



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It is the world's second most widespread conifer, from Spain and Scotland to North-West China and Siberia.


SCOTS PINE Pinus sylvestris

http://www.metla.fi/metinfo/northernpine/img/Pinus_sylvestris.jpg



•Evergreen•Light-demanding pioneering species•Dry and harsh habitats•Trunk is slim, slender and straight•Bark is orange-red and brown•Blue-green needles



Scots pine generally forms dense-ringed, strong and homogeneous wood material

•The wood is used for• Pulp• Building materials• Furniture industry


NORWAY SPRUCE Picea abies

The Norway Spruce grows throughout Europe, from Norway to the Ural Mountains

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Picea_abies.PNG


NORWAY SPRUCE Picea abies

•Tolerates shade better than the Scots pine•Nutritious and moist mineral soil•Short growing season restrict the growth of the trees•Needles are dark green•Bark is dark brown•Branches are hang down and crown is pyramidal


NORWAY SPRUCE Picea abies•Wood material is pale, homogeneous and pretty light•The wood is used for• Pulp• Musical instrument manufacturing• Building materials• Furniture industry


SILVER AND DOWNY BIRCH Betula pendula, B. pubescens

•The most common of hardwoods•Both silver and downy birch grow in northern and central part of Europe and also in the northern parts of Asia•Downy birch is more common on wet, poorly drained sites•Silver birch grows mainly on well-drained mineral soil



•Both are medium-sized deciduous trees•Leaves are pale green and triangular with teeth•Bark is white and papery, black cracks and marks•The trunk of Downy birch is usually more curved than the trunk of Silver birch



The wood material is quite hard and flexible, pale and homogeneous

The wood is used for• Pulp• Plywood production• Furniture• Interior design


OTHER TREE SPECIES

•Aspen Populus tremula

•Goat willow Salix caprea

•Rowan Sorbus aucuparia

•Black alder Alnus glutinosa

•Linden Tilia cordata

•Juniper Juniperus communis

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THANK YOU



Metso25052011

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