Methods of communication

METHODS/TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

VERBAL & NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Prof. Sandip Patil Asst. Prof. BVCOE, Navi Mumbai

METHODS/TYPES

• I)Verbal (Oral) Communication

• 1.Speaking• 2.Writing

• II)Non-verbal Communication

• 1.Body(Kinesics) Language

• 2.Visual Symbols• 3.Paralanguages


I) Verbal (Oral) Communication

• 1.Speaking• Face to face

communication• Telephone conversation• Presentations• Interview• Group Discussions• Public Speaking• Meetings

• 2.Writing• Letter• Memo• Notice• Circular• Report• Minutes


II)Non-verbal Communication

• 1.Body Language• Posture• Gestures• Kinesics• Proxemics• Cronemics• Haptics• Eye Contact• Handshakes

• 2.Visual Symbols• Colors• Pictures• Graphs & Charts• Maps


II)Non-verbal Communication

• 3.Paralanguages• Voice• Volume• Pitch• Speed• Tone


Advantages & Disadvantages of Oral Communication

Advantages• Immediate feedback• Less formality• Mass communication• Flexible and adaptive• Swift and speedy• Economical

Disadvantages• Legally invalid• Chance of

misinterpretation• Misunderstanding• Not helpful to

remember


Advantages & Disadvantages of Written Communication

Advantages• Legally valid• Provides detailed

information• Easy to produce anytime• Saves time, money &

energy• Perfect• Permanent record• Scope to make changes

Disadvantages• Slow & time consuming• Difficult to change• Delayed feedback• Only for literate people• Wastage of time


II)Non-verbal Communication1.Body Language

• Facial Expressions• Gestures• Posture• Proxemics• Cronemics• Haptics• Occulesics (Eye contact)• Handshakes


1. Facial Expressions

• Facial expressions are more powerful than words.

• Facial expression convey your mood and attitude about the person, situation.

• Facial expressions are more effective when accompanied by verbal speaking


Gestures

• Movement of the body, hands movements, nodding etc.

• Convey-Nervous, Appreciation, Aggressive, Confidence, Rejection, Confusion, Uncertainty, Trust.

• Natural accompaniment of speech.


Posture

• The way person stands, sits or walks.• Designed by religious/social/political/ geographical background.• Indicates our feelings, thoughts, attitudes

and health


Posture


Proxemics

• Proxemics is the way of maintaining a space between two or more people in the process of communication.

• Space Zones• 1. Intimate• 2.Personal• 3.Social• 4.Public


Proxemics


Cronemics

• Chronemics is the study of how human beings communicate through their use of time.

• What does time mean to one person to another?

• How do we communicate to others?


Haptics• Haptics is way of touching to another person

in the communication.• Haptics used to show respect, love, to ease,

to support in communication.• It shows our feelings and attitude to the

particular person or situation.


Haptics


Occulestics (Eye contact)

• Eye contact shows interest/disinterest, confidence/lack of confidence, assertiveness/aggressiveness in communication.


Occulestics (Eye contact)


Handshakes

Importance of handshake• The physical connection of

shaking hands can leave powerful impression.

• A firm handshake with direct eye contact set the stage for positive encounter.

• Proper handshake is important


2. Visual SymbolsColor

• Powerful means of communication.• Used in clothing, design, decoration and to enliven

a dull environment.• Associated with different moods and feelings-

white-peace and purity, red-danger, black-death and sorrow.

• Sport teams have color in their uniform; countries have their colors on their flags.


Pictures

• “ A picture is worth of thousand words”.• Oldest form of communication• Pictures are used in brochures, posters and

advertisements.• Pictures can be universally understood, easily

remembered and make an immediate impact.


Graphs & Charts

• Can present statistical information differently.

• Special skills are needed to prepare and to understand a chart or a graph.

• Reader can able to grasp or locate overall information represented in a chart or a graph.


Types of Charts


Maps

• Maps are representations of territory and used for conveying the space relationships between places.

• They can convey geographical information like transport routes, climatic conditions, distribution of population, crops and animal life.

• Maps of small areas are used to give information about routes and locate places.


III. Paralanguages

• The non-verbal aspects of the spoken word are known as paralanguage.

• Have characteristic like volume and pitch, qualities of speed, rhythm, pronunciation, accent, tone and stress.


Paralanguages1. Volume

• Is the loudness or softness, which can be consciously adjusted to the number of persons and distance in the audience.

• Too loudness suggests lack of self command or a dominating nature.

• Volume is also influenced by one’s surroundings and by cultural background.


2. Pitch

• Is high or low note on the scale.• A high pitch voice is unpleasant and suggests

immaturity or emotional disturbance.• A frightened person speaks in a high pitched

voice.


3. Speed

• Is partly cultural habit and is partly influenced by emotions.

• Rapid speech indicates excitement and reduce speed to explain a difficult idea.


4. Tone

• Is the way the voice sounds and shows the speaker’s feelings.

• The tone defines the role the speaker puts himself in; for e.g.

• One may have authoritative tone, an aggressive tone, a hurt tone, a sarcastic tone.

• The tone of voice can send positive or negative signals.


Methods of communication

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