Meter Interoperability Standards and Protocols to ensure a ... · Meter Categories MDM Register –...

01/12/0901/12/09 METRING INDIA 2009_ CPRIMETRING INDIA 2009_ CPRI 11

Meter Interoperability Meter Interoperability Standards and Protocols Standards and Protocols

to ensure a unified industryto ensure a unified industry

METERING INDIA 24METERING INDIA 24THTH APRIL 2009APRIL 2009

M.PRADISHV.SHIVAKUMAR

V.ARUNACHALAMCENTRAL POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE

BENGALURU


CONTENTS

1. THE METERING, BILLING & COLLECTION2. THE DRIVERS3. THE NEED FOR UNIFIED APPROACH4. FALL OUT5. METRS THAT MATTER6.6. MOP COMMITTEE MOP COMMITTEE --117. A COMPARISON8.8. 7. IEC 62056 7. IEC 62056 –– DLMS / COSEM DLMS / COSEM ––A OverviewA Overview9. HLC RECOMMENDATION10.MOP COMMITTEE - 211. PARAMETER STANDARDISATION – EXCERPTS12.CPRI TEST FACILITY


METERING BILLING COLLECTION METERING BILLING COLLECTION –– MBCMBC

MANUAL MANUAL 1.1. MECHANICAL METERSMECHANICAL METERS

2.2. TIME CONSUMINGTIME CONSUMING

3.3. HUMAN ERRORHUMAN ERROR

4.4. SCALE OF OPERATION SCALE OF OPERATION

5.5. EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY -- LESSLESS


METERING BILLING COLLECTION METERING BILLING COLLECTION –– MBCMBC

SEMI AUTOMATICSEMI AUTOMATIC1.1. ELECTRONIC METERSELECTRONIC METERS

2.2. BETTER ACCURACYBETTER ACCURACY

3.3. MORE DATAMORE DATA

4.4. PROPRIETARY PROTOCOLPROPRIETARY PROTOCOL

5.5. CMRI DOWNLOADSCMRI DOWNLOADS

6.6. REMOTE READINGREMOTE READING

7.7. EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY ––IMPROVEMENTIMPROVEMENT


AMBIENCEINDIAN ELECTRICITY ACTINDIAN ELECTRICITY ACT

OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESSDEDE--REGULATIONREGULATIONREFORMSREFORMS

ENERGY CONSERVATION ACTENERGY CONSERVATION ACT

TECHNOLOGYCOMPUTING PLATFORMSCOMPUTING PLATFORMS

MEASURING TECHNOLOGYMEASURING TECHNOLOGY

INTERFACINGINTERFACING

NETWORKINGNETWORKING

IT ENABLING IT ENABLING

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

THE STANDARDS

OPEN SYSTEMSCOMMUNICATION PROTOCOLSINFORMATION ACCESS

THE NEED

DATA / INFORMATION

– CUSTOMER

– MANAGEMENT– OPERATION

HISTORICAL

EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT

THE DRIVERS


THE NEED FOR UNIFIED APPROACH

RR--APDRP Initiatives APDRP Initiatives –– IT enablingIT enabling–– 100 % Metering100 % Metering–– Reduction LossesReduction Losses–– Advanced Metering technologyAdvanced Metering technology

Meter data is becoming vital part in deciding Meter data is becoming vital part in deciding many of the performance and planning many of the performance and planning parameters envisaged under RAPDRP. parameters envisaged under RAPDRP.

Many of utilities are looking for automation of Many of utilities are looking for automation of MBCMBC


FALL OUT

AMR IMPEDIMENTS

1. NO COMMON METER READING PROTOCOL

2.2. INDIAN POWER NETWORK INDIAN POWER NETWORK –– MANY MANUFACTURERS MANY MANUFACTURERS –– MANY MANY COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS.

3. NON AVAILABILITY OF PROTOCOL INFORMATION

4.4. INTEGRATION ISSUES INTEGRATION ISSUES -- DIFFERENT MAKE METERS AT THE FIELD DIFFERENT MAKE METERS AT THE FIELD LEVEL.LEVEL.

Proprietary solutions are reported to be successful in clusters


METERS THAT MATTER

HOST

Mn

A BJ/KJ

HT

M4

M3M1

M2

LT

HTD C&I

OTHERS

SS Meters – 11/33/66/110/220/400 kV

BOUNDARY / BANK METERS - ABT

DTR

HIERARCHICALDATA

ROUTING NETWORK


THE APPROACH

Homogeneity at meter endHomogeneity at meter end

Accessibility at all timesAccessibility at all times

InteroperabilityInteroperability

HOSTMETER WITH STANDARD PROTOCOL

Choose OPEN PROTOCOL Choose OPEN PROTOCOL -- A General practiceA General practice

for a scalable solution


MOP commissioned a high level committee to recommen d the suitable OPEN protocol With Member CEA as Chairman and membe rs drawn from CPRI, NTPC, IEEMA, Utilities,

IEC 62056 – DLMS / COSEMANSI C12.xxMODBUS

MOP Committee - 1


The MODBUS is also a widely used, time tested open protocol but specifically developed for process instrumentation and control. It is relatively easy to implement and hence is chosen by a few meter manufacturers in India. This protocol lacks the IT oriented approach offered by the IEC counterpart. A considerable standardization effort is required for making this to meet the requirements for metering purpose.


The ANSI is also an open protocol specifically devised for Metering purpose. It is similar tothat of IEC 62056. This is widely used in North America. Many provisions in ANSI are availablein IEC. The availability of a Conformance test Tool is not known because of which the implementations cannot be verified as of now.


The IEC 62056 is an open protocol exclusively evolved for Metering purpose. It operates at meter level. A wide range of data types like Instantaneous values, Tariff readings, Parameter profiles, Demand values etc can be read either selectively or in groups. The parameters are identified through unique codes. The protocol can work with many common communication medium. The protocol implementation can be verified for conformance with the dedicated test tool which is available with CPRI since 2004.

India has been aligning with IEC for standardization. In the present effort to bring in uniform protocol and based on the relative merits and demerits, IEC 62056 protocol would become the natural choice for metering purposes in India.


IEC 62056 (dlms) FEATURESIEC 62056 (dlms) FEATURES

OBJECT MODELLING - COmpanion Specification for Energy Metering

[COSEM]

DATA IDENTIFICATION – Object Identification System [OBIS] & IC

MEASUREMENT COMPUTATION COMMUNICATION

METER

MANDATORY OBJECTS

ADDITIONAL OBJECTS

INSTANTANEOUS VALUES

PROFILES

TARIFF READINGS

POWER QUALITY PARAMETERS

AND OTHERS

ADOPTED BY IEC


Steady state valuesSteady state values -- InstantaneousInstantaneousDynamic valuesDynamic values -- ProfilesProfilesHarmonicsHarmonics -- Power QualityPower QualityImport / ExportImport / Export -- Four QuadrantFour QuadrantEvent recording / reportingEvent recording / reportingTime StampingTime StampingUnit & Scaler representationUnit & Scaler representationUnique identification codesUnique identification codesCountry / Manufacturer specific codesCountry / Manufacturer specific codesLarge number of codesLarge number of codesIn built support for common communication profiles In built support for common communication profiles Access and Data SecurityAccess and Data SecurityInteroperableInteroperable

IEC 62056 IEC 62056 –– DLMS / COSEM DLMS / COSEM ––A OverviewA Overview


IEC 62056 IEC 62056 –– DLMS / COSEM DLMS / COSEM ––A OverviewA Overview

It is a protocol standard for Metering dataIt is a protocol standard for Metering dataAdoptable for all Energy Adoptable for all Energy –– Electricity / Water / Electricity / Water / GasGasUnique codes for parameters (Objects)Unique codes for parameters (Objects)Standardized 3Standardized 3--layer architecture consisting oflayer architecture consisting of–– COSEM Application LayerCOSEM Application Layer–– HDLC Data Link LayerHDLC Data Link Layer–– Physical LayerPhysical Layer


COSEMCOSEM –– COCOmpanion mpanion SStandard For tandard For EEnergy nergy MMetering etering --Association, Request/Response handlingAssociation, Request/Response handling

HDLC HDLC –– Addressing, Data integrity and verification, Flow Addressing, Data integrity and verification, Flow Control, SequencingControl, Sequencing

Physical Layer Physical Layer –– Communication servicesCommunication services

IEC 62056 IEC 62056 –– DLMS / COSEM DLMS / COSEM ––A Overview..contdA Overview..contd

THE THREE LAYERS


1.1.1.8.2.2551.1.1.8.2.255

OBIS Codes OBIS Codes -- exampleexample

Medium : Electricity

Channel : 1

Base quantity : Active Power+

Processing type : Time integral 1

Rate : 2

Current



A = 1 B = 1C = 1

S Active Power +


C = 2: rate 2 Interface class =

3



OVERVIEW OF INTERFACE CLASSESOVERVIEW OF INTERFACE CLASSES

Register (IC : 3)

ExtendedRegister (IC : 4)

Data (IC : 1)

DemandRegister (IC : 5)

Registeractivation (IC : 6)

Profilegeneric (IC : 7)

Utility tables (IC : 21)

Registertable (IC : 61)

Statusmapping (IC : 63)

AssociationSN (IC : 12)

AssociationLN (IC : 15)

SAP assig-nment (IC :17)

Clock (IC : 8)

Single actionschedule(IC:22)

Special daystable (IC :11)

Activity cal-endar (IC : 20)

Register mon-itor (IC : 21)

Scripttable (IC :9)

Schedule (IC :10)

IEC local portsetup(IC : 19)

IEC HDLCsetup(IC:23)

IEC twisted pairsetup (IC :24)

M-Bus port setup(IC : 25)

Modem configu-ration (IC : 27)

Auto answer (IC :28)

Auto connect(IC :29)

TCP-UDPsetup(IC : 41)

IPv4setup(IC:42)

Ethernetsetup (IC :43)

M-Bus port setup(IC : 44)

PPP setup(IC : 45)

SMTP setup(IC :46)

Data storageAccess control

Time and event bound control

Communication channel setup



IEC StandardizationIEC Standardization

DLMS/COSEM has been standardized under the IECDLMS/COSEM has been standardized under the IEC--62056 62056 specification numberspecification number

The specification consists of the following partsThe specification consists of the following parts

IECIEC--6205662056--21: Direct Local Data Exchange21: Direct Local Data ExchangeIECIEC--6205662056--42: Physical Layer42: Physical LayerIECIEC--6205662056--46: Data Link Layer using HDLC46: Data Link Layer using HDLCIECIEC--6205662056--53: COSEM Application Layer53: COSEM Application LayerIECIEC--6205662056--61: Object Identification System (OBIS)61: Object Identification System (OBIS) IECIEC--6205662056--62: Interface Classes62: Interface ClassesIECIEC--6205662056--47:COSEM Transport Layers for IPv4 networks47:COSEM Transport Layers for IPv4 networks


Meter CategoriesMeter Categories

MDMRegister – kWhTAMPER

D

DTRMDMRegister – kWh, kVAhProfile

HTMDMRegister – kWh, kVAh, rkVAhDemand RegisterProfileTamper

BANKMDMRegister – kWh, kVAh, rkVAhDemand RegisterProfileABT


HLC RECOMMENDATION – THERE SHALL BE ONLY ONE PROTOCOL

THE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDED IMPLEMENTATION AS UNDER.

1. NEW FUTURE METERS AS PER - IEC 62056 SERIES OF STANDARDS.

2. FOR LEGACY METERS - REPLACEMENT / CONVERTER / MIOS

3. APPLICATION WISE STANDARDIZATION OF PARAMETERS FOR VARIOUS METERS INCLUDING TAMPER LIST

4. THE FINALIZED PARAMETERS MAY THEN BE SPECIFIED BY ALL THE UTILITIES.

5. COMPILATION OF OBIS CODES AS PER IEC 62056 FOR FINALIZED LIST.

6. SEPARATE COMMITTEE TO CANALIZE FUTURE INDIA SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT.


MOP constituted a committee for standardization of parametersWith Director General CPRI as Chairman and members drawn from CEA, IEEMA, BIS, Utilities, SI

MOP Committee - 2


THE OUTCOMETHE OUTCOMEMETER TYPES

1. CATEGORY – A = FOR ENERGY ACCOUNTING AND AUDIT METERING

2. CATEGORY – B = FOR BOUNDARY / BANK / RING / ABT METE RING3. CATEGORY – C = FOR CONSUMER [HT (PT/CT) and LT(CT)]

METERING

PARAMETER TYPES

a) Instantaneous Parametersb) Block Profile / Load Survey Parameters.c) Daily Profile Parameters.c) Parameters for accounting / billing.d) General Purpose quantities

Name Plate Details.Programmable parameters

e) Event Conditions.


No. OF PARAMETERS

METER TYPES CATEGORY – A CATEGORY - B

CATEGORY -C

INSTANTANEOUS 29 29 23PROFILE OR LOAD SURVEY

13 11 13

ACCOUNTING/ BILLING. TO BE DERIVED FROM 1 & 2 11 40

NAME PLATE DETAILS. 7 7 7

PROGRAMMABLE 5 5 5

TAMPER / EVENTS 50 50 50

PARAMETER SUMMARYPARAMETER SUMMARY


INSTANTANEOUS VALUES1. CONTINUOUS UPDATION

2. LAST UPDATED VALUE FOR DOWNLOADING

3. ENERGY VALUES ARE CUMULATIVE READINGS

4. OTHER ENTRIES ARE INSTANTANEOUS VALUES.

5. ALL PARAMETERS CAN BE READ BY THE HOST/CMRI AS AND WHEN REQUIRED.

6. SNAP SHOT OF ALL OR SELECTED VALUES COULD BE READ AS A PROFILE.

7. SELECTED VALUES SHALL BE DISPLAYED ON THE METER DISPLAY BASED ON UTILITY PRACTICE.


PROFILE GENERIC OR LOAD SURVEY

1. DATA STORAGE = 45 DAYS FOR 30 MIN CAPTURE TIME

2. DATA STORAGE = 22 DAYS FOR 15 MIN CAPTURE TIME

3. BLOCK PERIOD (15 / 30 MIN) - PROGRAMMABLE BY UTILITY.

4. THE PARAMETERS ARE THE AVERAGE VALUES STORED AT THE END OF THAT TIME BLOCK.

5. ENERGY ENTRIES ARE ACTUAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION DURING THAT TIME BLOCK.

6. THESE PARAMETERS CAN ALSO BE READ AT ANY INSTANT OF TIME BY THE HOST/ CMRI

7. THE OTHER REQUIRED DAILY ACCOUNTING PARAMETERS CAN BE COMPUTED AT THE HOST END.


ACCOUNTING / BILLING DATAACCOUNTING / BILLING DATA

1. VALUES AT THE END OF A GIVEN PERIOD

2. UPDATED AT THE END THE PERIOD

3. AVAILABLE FOR READ AFTER THE PERIOD

4. STORAGE OF BILLING DATA - 6 BILLING CYCLES

5. ENERGY ACCOUNTING / AUDIT - DAILY DATA - 45 DAYS.

6. INTERFACE METERS - READ DAILY AT MIDNIGHT / AS AND WHEN REQUIRED.

7. THESE PARAMETERS CAN ALSO BE READ AT ANY INSTANT OF TIME BY THE HOST/ CMRI.


GENERAL PURPOSE PARAMETERSGENERAL PURPOSE PARAMETERS

1.1. NAME PLATE DETAILS NAME PLATE DETAILS

2.2. PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERSPROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERS

3.3. TAMPER / EVENT CONDITIONS TAMPER / EVENT CONDITIONS [Capture parameters = 14][Capture parameters = 14]

–– Voltage related eventsVoltage related events–– Current related eventsCurrent related events–– Power Failure related eventsPower Failure related events–– Transactional eventsTransactional events–– Other eventsOther events–– Non rollover eventsNon rollover events–– Control eventsControl events


CPRI TEST FACILITY


CPRI role in dlms CTCPRI role in dlms CT

Conformance Test Tool Conformance Test Tool –– AvailableAvailable

DLMS Meters tested at CPRI DLMS Meters tested at CPRI –– 5252–– Number of customers Number of customers –– 12 [mfrs & SI]12 [mfrs & SI]

–– Number of utilityNumber of utility –– 11

Laboratory under up gradation for proposed Laboratory under up gradation for proposed Indian Companion SpecificationIndian Companion Specification


TOP LEVEL TOP LEVEL ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE

1φφφφ / 3 φφφφ ACPRECISION SOURCE

TAMPER SIMULATION UNIT

RS232 / RS 485

ZigBeePLCGSM/GPRS/CDMAPSTN

CTT

TCP/IP

COMMUNICATION PROFILES

REF. METER

A pair of modems will be used one at meter end and another at host end


1. Conformance Test for protocol implementation.1. Conformance Test for protocol implementation.Validation of Conformance to IEC62056 (DLMS/COSEM) Implementation using the CTT.

2. Validation of parameter recording, logging and r eporting2. Validation of parameter recording, logging and r eportingEnergising the meter through a phantom source. Validation of recoding and reporting if identified parameters. .

33. . Validation of parameter communication through exter nal MODEMValidation of parameter communication through exter nal MODEMValidation of data access form the meter through an externalMODEM (PSTN/GSM etc) using a remote HOST (Client).

4.4. Validation for recoding of abnormal conditionsValidation for recoding of abnormal conditionsSimulation of Abnormal condition using a tamper simulation unitand to validate its resolving, recording and reporting.

Functional Features


PSTN/GSM/GPRS

DLMS Meter

Test System with Conformance Test Tool (CTT)

Proposed SETUP

Request

Response

7E23498A4 23 43AB2342CDA65434 363234DF54342422CD352241F82 23 324FD324E656234C32D2323637E

AC Source

METER READINGS

VRN = 230VIR = 1AF = 50HzPF =0.9KWh=001234

Meter Reading Tool


The Laboratory Services:

• Performance Evaluation of DLMS/COSEM Servers Throug h

• Conformance Testing Using CTT• Standardised Parameter Validation• Standardised Event condition validation• Client – Server Communication validation

• Pre and Post supply Testing and Certification

• Training Programs


S.NoS.No ProvisionProvision InferenceInference

11 Meter Meter ModelingModeling

Physical meter Physical meter -- logical units logical units -- a few functions. a few functions. ““ interface interface objectsobjects”” -- Object Identification System (OBIS) which are Object Identification System (OBIS) which are unique. unique. Interface objects are designed for metering data (eg Register Interface objects are designed for metering data (eg Register object, Demand Register object, Profile object etc.)object, Demand Register object, Profile object etc.)

2 Messaging The procedure to form the packets (protocol data units) for information exchange with server .

3 Transporting At present this standard supports Telephone line, GSM, Twisted Pair, Optical port and TCP/IP – services to access these communication medium are built in. Has an addressing capability of 65000.



44 InteroperabilityInteroperability In a typical application (revenue metering) the DLMS meters In a typical application (revenue metering) the DLMS meters of any make can coexist and exchange information with Host of any make can coexist and exchange information with Host (Client) having DLMS service module. (Client) having DLMS service module. The compliance of a meter can be verified through The compliance of a meter can be verified through Conformance Testing. Conformance Testing. Self description Self description –– By this process the server (meter) provides By this process the server (meter) provides its (capabilities) model with objects / function.its (capabilities) model with objects / function.Provision for clearly identified countryProvision for clearly identified country--specific OBIS codes specific OBIS codes and manufacturerand manufacturer--specific OBIS codes. Process exists for specific OBIS codes. Process exists for adding new OBIS codes through the DLMSadding new OBIS codes through the DLMS--UAUA

55 SecuritySecurity Supports three security levels. Meter data can be divided into Supports three security levels. Meter data can be divided into multiple multiple ““ AssociationsAssociations”” each with a different security level. each with a different security level. 1. No Security 1. No Security –– Used for data transactions that do not require Used for data transactions that do not require securitysecurity2. Low level security 2. Low level security –– Password protected Password protected 3. High level security 3. High level security -- cryptographic algorithm / keys, Encryption cryptographic algorithm / keys, Encryption –– Algorithm not specified.Algorithm not specified.



66 Open Open StandardStandard

The standard documents are available for public The standard documents are available for public (professionals) use. (professionals) use. Any vendor can develop the protocol stack / drivers / Any vendor can develop the protocol stack / drivers / modules.modules.

77 Information Information AccessAccess

Through Interface Classes / OBIS codes / logical Through Interface Classes / OBIS codes / logical names / functions / attributes to read names / functions / attributes to read -- Instantaneous Instantaneous values, profiles, events, clock, cumulative, demand, values, profiles, events, clock, cumulative, demand, power quality parameters etc. The attributes are power quality parameters etc. The attributes are names, values, units, scalars etc. names, values, units, scalars etc. Model allows data to be identified as instantaneous Model allows data to be identified as instantaneous values, historical values, values per tariff, values per values, historical values, values per tariff, values per phase etc.phase etc.

88 Legacy Legacy SystemSystem

A cluster of existing meters with proprietary protocol A cluster of existing meters with proprietary protocol can be interfaced through a Concentrator.can be interfaced through a Concentrator.The Concentrator input will be proprietary protocol The Concentrator input will be proprietary protocol meters and out put will be dlms protocol output. meters and out put will be dlms protocol output.



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