Meteorite-Times MagazineContentsby Editor

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Featured Monthly Articles

Accretion Desk by Martin Horejsi

Jim’s Fragments by Jim Tobin

Meteorite Market Trends by Michael Blood

Bob’s Findings by Robert Verish

IMCA Insights by The IMCA Team

Micro Visions by John Kashuba

Galactic Lore by Mike Gilmer

Meteorite Calendar by Anne Black

Meteorite of the Month by Michael Johnson

Tektite of the Month by Editor

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Meteorite-Times MagazineWitnessed Fall: Krymka, Ukraineby Mart in Horejsi

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An January 1946 Witnessed Fall: Krymka, Ukraine

The Chondrite That Keeps on Giving

St retch your imaginat ion and pretend the surface of Krymka is theview outside your spaceship as you jump to hyperdrive while cruisingthe early solar system.

Let ’s be honest , usually when we talk about a meteorite being gorgeous, beaut iful, amazing,stunning, or magnif icent , the average person might not be able to tell it f rom one we describe asugly, hideous, or gruesome. But in the case of Krymka, even the casual observer is impressed withthe look to the point of using their own words like gorgeous, beaut iful, amazing, stunning, andmagnif icent .

Krymka fell to earth as an LL3.1 chondrite on January 21, 1946, but as our meteorite classif icat ionscheme matured thanks to Grossman and Brearley (2005), today we refer to Krymka as an LL3.2.

Like any good Mensa brain teaser if I asked you to make a quickguess as to how many chondrules are in this picture, likely you wouldlikely feel somewhere between disappointed and embarrassed withthe answer.

The moment you start count ing, the more the chondrules you see. Ifyou use a magnifying glass it only gets worse (or bet ter as I look atit ).

A number of years ago, a slice of Krymka blipped my shopping radar and I jumped on the chanceto add a slice to my collect ion. Arriving in my postbox was a absolutely gorgeous crustedcomplete slice with more chondrule densit y, def init ion, and diversit y than I have ever owned in theform of a witnessed fall. I do have to qualif y the statement as “owned” and not “seen” because Ionce spent some t ime with Semarkona in the meteorite lab at the Smithsonian. Semarkona is theworld’s only LL3.00 and looks it !

Oddly, the fall of Krymka is reported to have been a shower of 25kg that was recovered soonaf ter it arrived, and another 25kg was recovered at a later date. What ’s odd about that you mightask? Well, nothing except the Catalogue of Meteorites reports only about 13kg is accounted forworld wide. How could you misplace 39kg of meteorite this amazing.

The meteorite collect ing vernacular contains many words thatposit ively or negat ively describe specimens. In the case of my slice ofKrymka some of the posit ive words included complete slice, crust ,LL3.x, witnessed fall, over half a century old, polished faces, highsurface to weight rat io, collect ion documentat ion, and parallel cutsurfaces.

This is what I consider the reverse face of my slice.

Weber, Semenenko, Stephan & Jessberger wrote in Meteorit ics & Planetary Science 41, Nr 4, 571–580 (2006) an art icle t it led:

TEM studies and the shock history of a “mysterite” inclusion f rom the Krymka LL chondrite

Krymka is characterized by the occurrence of a high modal abundance of xenolithic clasts(Semenenko and Girich 2001; Semenenko et al. 2001). These f ine-grained foreign inclusions aredominated by carbonaceous clasts, which are of ext raordinary scient if ic interest .

This very rare, f ine-grained, dark material has so far been discovered only in two meteorites,Krymka (LL3.1) and Supuhee (H6). Laul et al. (1973) detected an enrichment of Ag, T l, and Bi inthese two ordinary chondrites. They concluded that this enrichment has it s origin in an admixtureof a phase rich in these elements in a late condensate int roduced during a brecciat ion event . Sincethe pet rographic carrier of the volat iles could not be specif ied, they named this material“mysterite.”

The mineralogical, chemical, and isotopic features, as well as the nature of the graphite and otherminerals, were invest igated to obtain informat ion on their mineral associat ions with the aim off inding conclusive evidence concerning the origin of mysterite, a material that had already beenassociated with comets. The result s of these combined invest igat ions allow the followingconclusions: the xenolith format ion is a result of the accret ion of heterogeneous components in aregion depleted in chondrules. Af ter this process, which was followed by lit hif icat ion and aprobable collisional f ragmentat ion of a primary carbonaceous body, this xenolith and some others(Semenenko et al. 2005) were covered with ext remely f ine-grained silicate dust . Together with themain Krymka const ituents, the xenoliths were accreted in the Krymka parent body.

The detailed TEM study of the Krymka carbonaceous xenolith K1 plainly indicates that a thermaland shock metamorphism must have taken place, either on a primary body of the xenolith or onthe Krymka parent body it self .

Wikipedia provided the following explanat ion:

“Chondrules formed as molten or part ially molten droplets in spacebefore being accreted to their parent asteroids. Because chondritesrepresent the oldest solid material within our solar system and arebelieved to be the building blocks of the planetary system, it followsthat an understanding of the format ion of chondrules is important tounderstand the init ial development of the planetary system.”

To me, when applying the above words to Krymka, my slice becomesa nursery of infant planets that , like baby dinosaurs preserved in thefossil record, never reached their potent ial growing to adult planets inour solar system.

Nit t ler, Alexander, Stadermann & Zinner observed in their art icle t it led:

Presolar Al-, Ca-, And Ti-Rich Oxide Grains In The Krymka Meteorite.

Although a large number of presolar Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 grains have now been studied, only ahandful of presolar hibonite (CaAl12O19) grains and a single presolar TiO2 grain have beenpreviously reported. We report the ident if icat ion and detailed isotopic characterist ics of 46presolar oxides f rom a new residue of the Krymka unequilibrated ordinary chondrite (LL3.1),including 15 Hibonites and 2 TiO2 grains.

The crust on Krymka, while as excit ing and desirable as any othercrust on a witnessed fall, but what I f ind t ruly amazing to see is thedelicate boundary between the crust and the chondrules.

Look closely at how the chondrules brush up against the protect ivecrust like a bag full of marbles.

As we begin a new year for the Accret ion Desk, I would like to personally thank my readers. Theemailed comments are fun to read. I know there is a small but growing number of collectors whospecialize in historic meteorites, witnessed falls, or like me, prefer both. Thanks for reading!

Unt il next t ime…

The Accretion Desk welcomes all comments and feedback. accretiondesk@gmail.com

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Meteorite-Times MagazineOpportunities Missedby Jim Tobin

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As I think about the Tucson Gem Show coming soon, I am t rying to put together my short list ofmeteorites. Ones I would be interested in if I see them there. It has become increasingly apparentto me lately that I have made some real tact ical errors over the years. Also I have never learnedf rom my mistakes. This is kind of st range since I spent my childhood being dragged by my parentsto ant ique and junk stores with the phrase “st rike while the iron is hot ” always in my ears. I havemissed over the years of my meteorite collect ing some great opportunit ies.

I don’t know in each case now what I was thinking back then, but it cost me some meteorites that Inow look for and hardly ever see available. Some t imes I know I was thinking; “there is a lot of itand I can wait unt il Tucson to get it ”. And somet imes that has been t rue, but on other occasions Ijust missed out . I know that t imes it was a mat ter of cost . I just could not bring myself to pay thatmuch for it f rom a dealer that had just a few stones. I thought certainly there must be someonewith more who is asking less money. Somet imes there just was no more available.

Since I have a slight ly direct ionless collect ion. There are a lot of reasons for me to like a meteoriteand want to get it . A person collect ing only falls would have a dif ferent set of criteria. Someonecollect ing only visually st riking irons has a very dif ferent set of decision making thoughts. I havenever had a sharp focus like either of those in my collect ing. But , the last few years I have beeninterested in acquiring the new falls as they make it to the marketplace. I have a couple new fallsto decide about now. Once again the “do I buy it now or wait?“ and, “is this a good price or will morebe available later with greater choice and lower price?” quest ions ring in my mind.

I missed one a couple decades ago, and have been looking for an individual of that fall for yearsnow. It seems like every t ime one comes on the market I am about two hours late inquiring about it .I remember this fall very well. There were a large number of stones and I was doing some work fora dealer who had some of them. I cut some meteorites for him and did some other projects forhim. I got paid in t rade. I recall several t imes when I was choosing meteorites f rom his inventorythat I passed this part icular fall by. Boy have I been kicking myself lately for that . I just knew in myheart that they would st ill be around later af ter I got others f irst . Well, they were not availablelater. So that fall remains ever on my short list year by year at Tucson. My eye always scanningthe internet for the name.

Though I st ill do miss some by thinking too much. I have also got ten some lately; so maybe I amlearning slowly. Perhaps the words of my parents are f inally get t ing through to me. I st ruck reallyfast on Moss get t ing two nice pieces. And as it turned out there is very lit t le. I did OK on Carancasget t ing a nice piece and a lot of f ragments. I st ruck early and cont inuously on Juanchung and nowhave some wonderful pieces of that fall. I got them at a range of prices. All real bargains bytoday‘s market .

I guess in a couple weeks I will see what happens with the opportunit ies this Tucson presents me.Will I over think or bite the bullet and spend the money? Will I risk it and hunt diligent ly for a bargain,or just seize the chance when I f ind one of the meteorites on my list? The worst of all things thathappens is to see one right as you get to the show and say “I am going to look around a while andI’ll come back if I don’t see it somewhere else.” Then when you don’t see it , return to f ind theoriginal has been sold to someone else. Were they wiser or had they just been at the show longer?

This is what makes collect ing of anything fun. The hunter is st ill in there, inside us. We no longerget up in the morning with bow or spear and head out to f ind food or to f ight . But , in us is that spiritto conquer something. It may have been reduced to the conquest of the mall for clothes or thegem show for meteorites. But , I think it is part ly what keeps online auct ions sites alive. The “I GOTIT” feeling. So next month I will give my yearly report of Tucson. Feel f ree to read in between the

lines a few caveman expressions of a successful hunt . For I guarantee if this year is like most I willbe just as happy about what I come home with, as our distant ancestor was about get t ing his elkor deer for dinner.

I hope to see and greet many of you at the show, and I wish you all a successful and prosperousyear of collect ing. Unt il next month. Jim

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Meteorite-Times MagazineMeteorite Market Trendsby Michael Blood

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This Month’sMeteorite Market Trends

by Michael Blood

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Meteorite-Times MagazineThe Last Meteorite Found for Year 2009 (Maybe?)by Robert Verish

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Could this meteorite that was found on December 31st (18:50 GMT) be the very last f ind forthe year 2009?

The weather forecast for the Sonoran Desert looked perfect and my schedule was f ree for thelast few remaining days of 2009. So I arranged a t rip out to the desert and invited some of myf riends. My long-t ime rockhounding partner, James LaBarbera, accepted my invitat ion. Af ter hedrove down f rom Los Angeles, we t ransferred his gear into my t ruck and we headed east towardsthe Colorado River. And af ter get t ing supplies in Yuma AZ, it wasn’t long unt il we were in the middleof “nowhere”.

Typical landscape in the Sonoran Desert of North America

Because of the condit ion of the dirt roads it would st ill t ake 3 more hours of slow driving through amaze of BLM-approved ATV t rails unt il we arrived at the desired spot that I “pre-selected” f romstudy of satellit e imagery of the area. Through some st range quirk in cell phone coverage, I amable to t rack our locat ion on my Blackberry, otherwise this port ion of the t rip could have easilytaken twice as long.

Other than cholla and ocot illo, there is very lit t le vegetat ion at thislocalit y.

No meteorites were recovered on the f irst day, but because most of the day was spent justget t ing to this “pre-chosen” localit y, we decide to return direct ly to this spot to resume searchingthe next day.

Just discernable in the middle of the above image (and of f into thedistance) stands a meteorite hunter, giving some sense of scale tothe daunt ing task of searching for meteorites at his localit y.

We got a late start , but we eventually found our way back to the same spot f rom the previousday where I had a “very good feeling” about the surface we were searching. I was a lit t ledisappointed to see so many ATV t racks on such a nice surface, but something told me to stopand park the t ruck immediately. I actually parked just next to a well-used ATV t rail. Although havingcell phone recept ion was a god-send for helping us locate this spot , it also made us vulnerable to

cell phone recept ion was a god-send for helping us locate this spot , it also made us vulnerable todist ract ing phone calls. Which was exact ly what happened while I was parking the t ruck: James gota phone call on his cell phone.

Not sure why, but without grabbing any of his gear, James decided to get out of the t ruck in orderto take his phone call. Figuring that James wanted some privacy as he walked around the t rucktalking on his cell phone, I stayed inside the t ruck and took my t ime gearing-up for the morninghike.

It wasn’t very long unt il I heard a tapping sound on the f ront passenger side window. It was James,st ill t alking on his cell phone, but he was smiling and point ing st raight down, which I immediatelyknew was the “internat ional sign” for “you just parked next to a meteorite – AGAIN!”

The reason I say “again” is because this has happened more than just a couple t imes in the past .In fact , this happens of ten enough that we now measure the distance f rom the t ruck to the f ind,and in this case, it was only the 3rd shortest distance! I insist that there is no way, stat ist icallyspeaking, to explain this phenomenon.

There’s another version of the phenomenon that is well-known to meteorite-hunters, in which youhike all day but f ind nothing, only to return to your vehicle and then f ind a meteorite lying next to it .So, I’m not complaining. I’d rather have the meteorite found immediately, as opposed to f inding itonly af ter hiking all day.

Of course, we hiked all day and didn’t f ind another meteorite.

Somewhere in the above image there lies (at least )one meteorite. Hint : follow the f resh ATV t rack alongthe lef t side of this image.

Instead of repeat ing what I wrote in one of my earlier art icles about my method of taking “in-situ”images, I’ll just redirect you to my May 2004 art icle. You can do so by “clicking” on this link below:

“Taking Pictures of Meteorites In-Situ – Images of “in-place” meteorites – as they were found onthe ground.”

The image above is a close-up of the previous image.

Above is another in-situ image of the meteorite and the f ind locat ion.Hint : see the next image.

The above image is a close-up of the previous image.

The above image is an in-situ view rotated 180degrees f rom theprevious image, now looking back into the direct ion of the sun,producing a st rong ref lect ion of sunlight .

The above image is a close-up of the previousimage. Not ice that James is st ill t alking on his cellphone while searching for more meteorites.

The typical close-up view of most "in-situ meteorite" images.

The above image is a dif ferent version of the "t ypical close-upview of most in-situ images". I like to take this shot af terhaving ext racted the just found meteorite, f lipping it over andlaying it up-side-down next to it s former rest ing place. Thiskind of shot gives us unique "once only" informat ion that wecan never "go back in t ime" to obtain. Not ice that the scalecube has the "B" on top.

Af ter taking the obligatory suite of in-situ images Ilike to take a couple images of the immediate areaaround the f ind locat ion, and at the same t ime usethis as an opportunit y to take another image of the"just -plucked" meteorite.

The above two images are dif ferent in that they are taken withdif ferent lens set t ings. The former was taken in macro mode and the

lat ter was set to inf init y. Most photographers st rive to keep theirshadow outside of the f ield-of -view of their shot , but in these twoimages, my shadow is intent ionally included.

Although this stony was mildly at t racted to a magnet , it did not produce any response on myWhite’s VSat Goldmaster metal-detector (unfortunately).

The above image depicts the 2009-12-31 meteorite f ind af ter it hasbeen cleaned in warm dist illed water, removing any sand or clay f romits exterior. Now that this specimen has been "cleaned" it can beweighed. It s mass is 21.3 grams.

The above image depicts the "bot tom-side" of this post -cleaned (but pre-cut )2009-12-31meteorite f ind.

Since the above images were taken this specimen has been cut . A 6.7 gram sample has beenext racted, f rom which a thin-sect ion will be made and the remaining mass will be submit ted as atype specimen.

Preliminary examinat ion suggests that this stony is an equilibrated L-chondrite.

Moni Waiblinger and James LaBarbera later thatsame day (New Years Eve) at the Barona Casino.

We made our solitary f ind on New Years Eve 2009. At this t ime of year sunset comes early. Andeven before sunset , the shadows get long early and get in the way of t rying to spot small darkstones on a gravel surface. So, we departed early, giving us plenty of t ime to t ravel back to SanDiego and meet for dinner with Moni Waiblinger. We decided on a popular buf fet at a gamingcasino on a small indian reservat ion called “Barona”. The chefs there put together a special NewYears Eve Dinner. Unlike other buf fets, here you can reserve your spot and not have to wait in along line. Of course, this allows the pat rons to go of f and gamble some more, but Jamescont inued with his good luck by winning $400! Using the same slot machine, Moni and I won enoughto pay for our meal. The King Crab legs were one of many highlights of the dinner.

Over dinner we discussed our recent t rip and wondered whether our f ind was the last one madefor year 2009, and whether it was the last meteorite found for this past decade (if you count year2000 as the beginning of the past decade). We ref lected on the past 10 years, and speculated onwhat the next 10 years would bring. The buf fet closed and we moved the party out into thecasino.

The author with James inside the Barona Casinotoast ing the New Year with f ree glasses ofchampagne. (Image by Moni.)

The Barona Casino made a special ef fort for this New Years Party by having a variety of venuesfor entertainment . Well before midnight they started dispensing the f ree champagne. Then f inallya mult itude of colorful balloons fell f rom the raf ters. Happy New Year everyone!

As evidenced by the poor qualit y of the aboveimage, all of the f ree champagne has degraded myabilit y to take a decent picture. But we had a lot tocelebrate that night .

What a way to end the year. We can only hope that the new year (and the coming decade) will beas forthcoming with new meteorite f inds and falls!

References:

Bob’s Findings – art icle t it led, Taking Pictures of Meteorites – In-Situ Images of “in-place”meteorites – as they were found on the ground”, in Meteorite-Times.com – May 2004.

Link to the website with the latest issue of :MAPS Vol. 44 Supplement 2009 July

My previous art icles can be found *HERE*

For for more informat ion, please contact me by email:

Bolide*chaser

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Meteorite-Times MagazineIMCA Insights – January 2010by IMCA TEAM

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Irons f rom Space Pictures of the Dayby Dave Gheesling

Af ter a recent business t rip to neighboring South Carolina, I was fortunate enough to catchMichael Johnson during a f ree moment and get a personal tour of his spectacular meteoritecollect ion. Michael is probably best known by all of us in the meteorite community for his terrif icRocks f rom Space Picture of the Day (aka RFSPOD) post ings through his website,www.spacerocksinc.org. But it is Michael’s aesthet ic iron meteorite collect ion that is the real showstopper!

Michael Johnson with eight stunning iron meteoritespecimens (six Sikhote-Alins and two Gibeons) (Photocourtesy of Dave Gheesling)

A closer look at these specimens, sit t ing atop custom-made pillars like Easter Island statues in their heyday!(Picture courtesy of Dave Gheesling)

A ground zero view of this 10+ kilogram specimen,featuring f resh fusion veneer, against a backdrop of P. J.Medvedev's historic port rait of February 12, 1947 (Picture

courtesy of Dave Gheesling)

The smiling curator juxtaposed against yet another row ofmeteorite-topped pillars (Photo courtesy of DaveGheesling)

It 's hard to pick just one, but this ~5 kilogram naturalsculpture has to be one of my personal favorites (Photocourtesy of Dave Gheesling)

It 's not all about irons for Michael, as these beaut iful, f reshstones f rom the Bassikounou, Allende and Chergachwitnessed falls at test (and the huge etched Sikhote-Alinslice shows the coarsest octahedrite st ructure like noneother I've seen). (Photo courtesy of Dave Gheesling)

My shirt was red when I arrived at Michael's house, but hadturned green with envy by departure ;-) (Photo courtesy ofDave Gheesling)

Thanks again Michael for your southern hospitalit y and the f ront row view of your wonderfulmeteorite collect ion!

© 2010 Dave Gheesling/FALLINGROCKS.com

• IMCA Home Page • IMCA Code of Ethics • IMCA Member List• Join IMCA • IMCA Meteorite Info

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Meteorite-Times MagazineNWA 4560 LL3.2by John Kashuba

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Chuck,

Let me point out another place to see good thin sect ion pictures. Jef f Hodges has a greatcollect ion of slides and a very good microscope. He loans thin sect ions to Tom Phillips (we talkedabout Tom last t ime), part icularly polished sect ions (no glass cover slip) that Tom really likesworking with. Jef f ’s evolving site is:

ht tp://meteoritethinsect iongallery.com/index.html

I just got a thin sect ion with a large variety of features. It is f rom a slice of NWA 4560 LL3.2. Take alook.

- John

This is the slice the slide was made f rom, f ront and back. I don’tthink any of either of the two obvious inclusions became part of thispart icular slide.

Just for laughs, here is a dif ferent slice of this same f ind. Pret t y wild.It s grade of 3.2 tells us it didn’t get a lot of heat ing back on it s homeasteroid. But obviously it ’s seen some mechanical pushing andshoving.

This radial pyroxene chondrule has been cratered and there isalterat ion around the edge. Roger Warin and I have an art icle oncratered chondrules in the November 2009 issue of Meteoritemagazine. I hope you are a subscriber. We have pictures and wetouch on a few theories of how they came to be.

This f ragment of a RP chondrule was separated af ter alterat iontook place.

Similar story, lots of aqueous alterat ion bleached the outside part ofa RP chondrule before it broke and a f ragment ended up here.

Let ’s have a vocabulary review: Euhedral crystals are well-formedwith sharp, easily-recognized faces. Anhedral crystals lack sharp,recognizable crystal faces. Subhedral – neither f ish nor fowl.

Here is a cont rast in textures, f ine granular olivine on the lef t andcoarse pyroxene on the right .

Okay. Nice Barred olivine chondrule with a thin rim, but what ’shappening there on the bot tom?

Ah. Here it is in incident light . Like we suspected, that black is a bigbleb of metal. And that other business around it looks to be materialaccreted af ter the BO chondrule formed.

Hmmm. Cryptocrystalline interior and some well crystallized port ionson the outside?

A dusky interior. Maybe a relict grain – a crystal f ragment that didnot (re)melt when this chondrule formed?

This dark amorphous inclusion is 6 mm long. The metal has beenmelted but the mineral f ragments are angular.

Finally, another set of cont rast ing textures including a pair of wispy,poorly crystallized fans and a couple variat ions on the barred olivinetheme.

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Meteorite-Times MagazineMeteorite Calendar – January 2010by Anne Black

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Meteorite-Times MagazineNWA 2481 Eucrite Meteoriteby Editor

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7.0 gram slice with 13.8 gram magnif icent TungstenCarbide Scale Cube by Jef f Kuyken of Meteorites Aust raliaGet your own scale cube f rom Jef f at www.scalecubes.com

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Meteorite-Times MagazineInteresting Odd Shaped Rizalites Tektitesby Editor

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Meteorite-Times MagazineMeteorite-Times Sponsorsby Editor

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Once a few decades ago this opening

was a framed window in the wall

of H. H. Nininger's Home and

Museum building. From this

window he must have many times

pondered the mysteries of

Meteor Crater seen in the distance.

Photo by © 2010 James Tobin