Metal exposure in the tradition of the province of Brescia (and its study in the last three decades)

Pietro Apostoli

Full Professor of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia

President of the Italian College of Full Professors in Occupational Medicine

Black smith house (bronze age Val Camonica)

Brescia : the most industrialized area in European Union

In a study carried out during 2014 on 23 EUindustrial areas , Brescia province resulted at the first place considering

-global value of production :>10 bilions euro

-number of manufactoring workers :167.700

(before very important german areas ,as Wolksburg) Studio Fondazione Edison e Confindustria 2015

Main manufactures involving metallic elemnts exposure

Meccanics (automotive) Metallurgy ( steel ,Al,copper alloys) Electroplating Robotics Weapons

Main researchs on metallic elements carried out by our Institute

Reference values Reproductive and developmental toxicity «Rare» elements and «new» Element Speciation Experimentals sutdies about metl pathogenesis Absorption and effects of metallic elements other than those from occupational sourcesl

REFERENCE VALUES

www.valoridiriferimento.it

Male reproductive toxicity of lead in animals and humans. ASCLEPIOS Study Group.

Apostoli P, Kiss P,, Bonde JP, Vanhoorne M.,et al.

Occup Environ Med. 1998 Jun;55(6):364-74

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764095

Multiple determination of elements in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa.

Apostoli P, Morandi C, Menditto A.

J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1997 Nov;11(3):182-4.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9442469

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to inorganic arsenic.

Apostoli P, Bartoli D, Alessio L, Buchet JP.

Occup Environ Med. 1999 Dec;56(12):825-32

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658539

Application of a metal free high performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass

spectrometry (HPLC–ICP-MS)for the determination of chromium species in drinking and tap water

Simona Catalani∗, Jacopo Fostinelli, Maria Enrica Gilberti, Pietro Apostoli

This analytical method was applied in several samples of mineral and tap water with the aim

todetermine a different ratio of Cr(III) and Cr(VI).In tap waters Cr(VI), ranged from 10.88 to 0.1

g/L while Cr(III) ranged from 0.33 to 0.1 g/L.The highest levels of Cr(VI) were measured in

Brescia, a highly industrialized province in northern Italyin which high levels of Cr(VI) have been

a public health concern.In commercial mineral waters, the range of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were

0.11–0.80 g/L and 0.25–3.4 g/L,respectively.

The method applied in this study is a rapid, sensitive (LOD 0.1 g/L) and sp ecific technique for

determination of chromium species in water.

J. Mass Spectrom. (2016),

Method sensitivity

Std 0,1 µg/l

Cr III

Cr VI

CV%

Cr III 5,7

Cr VI 5,6

Std 1 µg/l

Cr III Cr VI

«RARE»METALLIC ELEMENTS AND NEW MATRICES

Urinary beryllium--a suitable tool for assessing occupational and environmental beryllium exposure?

Apostoli P, Schaller KH.

Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2001 Apr;74(3):162-6

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11355289

Multiple exposure to arsenic, antimony, and other elements in art glass manufacturing.

Apostoli P, Giusti S, Bartoli D, Perico A, Bavazzano P, Alessio L.

Am J Ind Med. 1998 Jul;34(1):65-72

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9617389

Biological monitoring of tungsten (and cobalt) in workers of a hard metal alloy industry.

De Palma G, Manini P, Sarnico M, Molinari S, Apostoli P.

Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2010

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19495786

Origin and transport of expiratory condensate

Exhaled breath condensate as a suitable matrix to assess lung dose and effects in workers exposed to cobalt and tungsten.

Goldoni M, Catalani S, De Palma G, Manini P, Acampa O, Corradi M, Bergonzi R, , Mutti A. Apostoli P

Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Sep;112(13):1293-8

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345342

MECANISMS (experimental)

Effects of four inorganic lead compounds on the proliferation and junctional coupling of cultured REL liver cells.

Apostoli P, Huard C, Chaumontet C, Martel P, Alessio L, Mazzoleni G.

Am J Ind Med. 2000 Sep;38(3):340-8

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10940974https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10940974https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10940974https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10940974https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10940974

High doses of cobalt induce optic and auditory neuropathy

Apostoli P, Catalani S, Zaghini A, Mariotti A, Poliani PL, Vielmi V, Semeraro F, Duse S, Porzionato A, Macchi V, Padovani A, Rizzetti MC, De Caro R.

Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Sep;65(6):719-27

Effects of short-term exposure to inhalable particulate matter on telomere length, telomerase expression, and telomerase methylation in steel workers. Dioni L, Hoxha M, Nordio F, Bonzini M, Tarantini L, Albetti B, Savarese A, Schwartz J, Bertazzi PA, Apostoli P, Baccarelli A. • Environ Health Perspect. 2011 May;119(5):622-7

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169126

Absorption and effects of metallic elements other than those from

occupational sources

Loss of sight and sound.

Could it be the hip?

Rizzetti MC, Liberini P, Zarattini G, Catalani S, Pazzaglia U, Apostoli P

Lancet. 2009 Mar 21;373(9668):1052

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19304018http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19304018

Peripheral neuropathy after hip

replacement failure:

is vanadium the culprit?

Moretti B, Pesce V, Maccagnano G, Vicenti G, Lovreglio P, Soleo L, Apostoli P.

Lancet. 2012 Apr 28;379(9826):1676. Epub 2012 Apr 26.

Medical Advice Alert UK Il 22 aprile 2010 il Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency ha emanato un Medical Advice Alert dal titolo “All metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacements” L’azione prevede un follow-up nei pazienti con protesi all’anca metal on metal e dove è necessario una determinazione degli ioni e TAC, Se cromo e cobalto sono sopra i 7 µg/l un secondo test deve essere condotto tre mesi dopo..

Lack of correlation between metallic elements analyzed in hair by ICP-MS and autism.

De Palma G, Catalani S, Franco A, Brighenti M, Apostoli P.

J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Mar;42(3):342-53.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503799