merKs úIh ks¾foaYh - Learn freelearn.sjp.ac.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Presentation... ·...
22
Transcript of merKs úIh ks¾foaYh - Learn freelearn.sjp.ac.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Presentation... ·...
merKs úIh ks¾foaYh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
1
2
3
4
5
6
wd¾Ól moaO;shl uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yakh úi|d .kakd wdldrh úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd<l l=gqïn jHdmdr wdh;k ;d¾lsl f,i yeisfrk wdldrh úYaf,aIKh
lrhs'
fjf<|fmd< ;=< ksIamdok ixúOdk ;d¾lsl j yeisfrk wdldrh .fõIKh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka cd;sl .sKqï ilia lsÍfï iQodku
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól iu;=,s;h ;SrKh jk wdldrh ú.%y lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajhg n,mdk ñ, uÜgïj, fjkiaùï úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
70
110
35
50
35
25
merKs úIh ks¾foaYh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
7
8
9
10
11
wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajhg uqo,aa yd nexl= moaO;sh odhl jk wdldrh úYaf,aIKhlrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq <Õd lr .ekSfuys,d rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrh ‘'
úfoaY fjf<|du yd uQ,H rgl iuia; wd¾Ólhg we;s lrk n,mEu úYaf,aIKhlrhs'
ixúOdkfha úúO;ajh ;=,kd;aul j ú.%y lrñka ;sridr ixj¾Okhg odhl ùfïwe,au m%o¾Ykh lrh ‘'
ksoyfika miq Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajh ;=,kd;aul j w.hhs'
48
65
65
57
40
600
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
1
2
3
4
5
wd¾Ól moaO;shl uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yakh úi|d .kakd wdldrh úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd<l l=gqïn jHdmdr wdh;k ;d¾lsl f,i yeisfrk wdldrh úYaf,aIKh
lrhs'
fjf<|fmd< ;=< ksIamdok ixúOdk ;d¾lsl j yeisfrk wdldrh .fõIKh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka cd;sl .sKqï ilia lsÍfï iQodku
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól iu;=,s;h ;SrKh jk wdldrh ú.%y lrhs'
70
110
35
50
35
300
merKs úIh ks¾foaYh12 fY%aKsh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
6
7
8
9
10
11
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajhg n,mdk ñ, uÜgïj, fjkiaùï úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajhg uqo,a yd nexl= moaO;sh odhl jk wdldrh úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq <Õd lr .ekSfuys,d rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
úfoaY fjf<|du yd uQ,H rgl iuia; wd¾Ólhg we;s lrk n,mEu úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
ixúOdkfha úúO;ajh ;=,kd;aul j ú.%y lrñka ;sridr ixj¾Okhg odhl ùfï we,au
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksoyfika miq Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajh ;=,kd;aul j w.hhs'
25
48
65
65
57
40
300
merKs úIh ks¾foaYh13 fY%aKsh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
wd¾Ól moaO;shl uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak iy tajd úi|d.kakd úl,am l%u ;=,kd;aul j
ú.%y lrhs'
b,a¨u" iemhqu" kuH;dj yd fjf<|fmd< iu;=,s;h úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd<g rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd< ;=< ksIamdok wdh;k ;d¾lslj yeisfrk wdldrh .fõYkh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka cd;sl .sKqï ilia lsÍfï iQodku
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾;sl iu;=,s;h ;SrKh jk wdldrh ú.%y lrhs'
uqo,a yd ñ, uÜgïj, yeisÍu y÷kd .ksñka wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajhg nexl=
moaO;sh odhljk wdldrh úu¾Ikh lrhs'
50
80
30
50
55
35
60
kj úIh ks¾foaYh
kj úIh ks¾foaYh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
8
9
10
11
12
id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq ,Õdlr .eksfuys,d rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
úfoaY fjf<|dfï kHdh;aul moku ú.%y lrñka úfoaY fjf<|du Y%S%s ,xld wd¾Ólh
flfrys we;s lrk n,mEu .fõYKh lrhs'
úfoaY uQ,H Y%S ,xld wd¾Ólhg n,mdk wdldrh .fõIKh lrhs'
ixj¾Okfha úúO;ajh ú.%y lrñka ;srir ixj¾Okhg odhl ùfï we,au m%o¾Ykh
lrhs'
Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól jHqyh iy m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| j ;=,kd;aul j úu¾Ykh lrhs'
65
40
45
70
20
600
kj úIh ks¾foaYh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
1
2
3
4
5
6
wd¾Ól moaO;shl uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak iy tajd úi|d .kakd úl,am l%u ;=,kd;aul
j ú.%y lrhs'
b,a¨u" iemhqu" kuH;dj yd fjf,|fmd< iu;=,s;h úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd<g rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
fjf<|fmd< ;=< ksIamdok wdh;k ;d¾lslj yeisfrk wdldrh .fõYkh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól l%shdldß;ajh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka cd;sl .sKqï ilia lsÍfï iQodku
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól iu;=,s;h ;SrKh jk wdldrh ú.%y lrhs'
50
80
30
50
55
35
300
12 fY%aKsh
kj úIh ks¾foaYh
wkqwxlh
ksmqK;djmj;sk
ld,ÉfÊom%udKh
7
8
9
10
11
12
uqo,a yd ñ, uÜgïj, yeisÍu y÷kd.ksñka wd¾Ólfha l%shdldß;ajhg nexl=
moaO;sh odhljk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq ,Õdlr .eksfuys,d rch ueÈy;a jk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lrhs'
úfoaY fjf<|dfï kHdhd;aul moku ú.%y lrñka úfoaY fjf<|du Y%s ,xld
wd¾Ólh flfrys we;s lrk n,mEu .fõYKh lrhs'
úfoaY uQ,H Y%s ,xld wd¾Ólhg n,mdk wdldrh .fõIKh lrhs'
ixj¾Okfha úúO;ajh ú.%y lrñka ;srir ixj¾Okhg odhl ùfï we,au m%o¾Ykh
lrhs'
Y%s ,xldfõ wd¾Ól jHqyh iy m%;sm;a;s ms<sn| j ;=,kd;aul j úu¾Ykh lrhs'
60
65
40
45
70
20
300
13 fY%aKsh
wd¾Ól úoHdkql+,j is;Su i|yd wjYH jk ;d¾lsl Ñka;kh we;s lsÍu'
iudchl uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak úoHd;aulj úYaf,aIKh lsÍu yd tu uQ,sl wd¾Ólm%Yak ksrdlrKh lsÍu msKsi fhdod .; yels úl,am l%u ms<sn`oj úia;rd;aulwjfndaOhla ,nd §u'
wd¾Ól ixl,am yd kHdh fhdod .ksñka m%dfhda.sl wd¾Ól m%Yak Wmk;s úYaf,aIKhlsÍu iy iudcfha hymeje;au i|yd lghq;= lsÍug moku ,nd §u'
fjf<|fmd<l wdh;k yd mqoa.,hska ;d¾lslj yeisfrk wdldrh úu¾Ykh lsÍugfm,Uùu'
úIh ks¾foaYfha wruqKq
id¾j wd¾Ól úp,Hhkaf.a yeisÍu yd tu úp,H w;r mj;sk wka;¾ iïnkaO;dúYaf,aIKh lsÍu'
iuld,Sk wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;s ú.%y lsÍfï yelshdj ,nd §u'
id¾j wd¾Ól wruqKq <`.dlr .ekSu i|yd rch ueÈy;ajk wdldrh ms<sn`oj úuidne,Sug fhduq lsÍu'
wka;¾cd;sl fjf,`odu wka;¾ cd;sl uQ,H yd wd¾Ól taldnoaO;dj w;r we;sin|;dj ú.%y lsÍug fhduq lsÍu'
úIh ks¾foaYfha wruqKq ^iïnkaê;hs&
ixj¾Okfha úúO;aj ;=,kd;aulj úuiSug wjYH l=i,;d j¾Okh lsÍu'
Y%s ,xld wd¾Ólfha ld¾h idOkh ms<sn`oj úia;rd;aulj ±lSug yels l=i,;d j¾Okh lsÍu'
Wiia wOHdmkhg fhduq ùu Wfoid m%fõYhla ,nd §u'
úIh ks¾foaYfha wruqKq ^iïnkaê;hs&
I m%Yak m;%h - nyqjrK m%Yak m;%h
II m%Yak m;%h - rpkd.; m%Yak m;%h
wd¾Ól úoHdj m%Yak m;%h fldgia follska hqla; fõ'
ld,h meh 02ls'
jrK 05 ne.ska jQ nyqjrK m%Yak 50ls' m%Yak ish,a,gu ms<s;=re iemhsh hqq;=hs'
tla m%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 02 ne.ska uq Ω ,l=Kq 100ls'
I m%YAk m;%fha jHQyh
• ld,h meh 03ls'
• fuu m%Yak m;%h fldgia follska hqla; h'
zwZ fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd j¾.fha m%Yak 05ls'
zwdZ fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd j¾.fha m%Yak 05l‘'
• wju jYfhka tla fldgilska m%Yak 02 ne.ska f;dardf.k m%Yak 05lg ms<s;=reiemhsh hq;=hs' tla m%Yakhlg ,l=Kq 20 ne.ska uq`t ,l=Kq 100l‘'
II m%YAk m;%fha jHQyh
I m;%h i|yd ,l=Kq = 100
II m;%h i|yd ,l=Kq = 100
wjidk ,l=K = 200 ÷ 2 = 100
wjidk ,l=Kq .Kkh lsßu
1'1 wd¾Ól úoHdj ms<sn| moku mÍlaId lrhs'
1'2 NdKav yd fiajd mßfNdackfhka wjYH;d yd jqjukd ;Dma;su;a jk wdldrh fmkajd fohs'
1'3 ksIamdok idOlj, ,laIK y÷kd .ksñka ksIamdok iïm;aj, M,odhs;dj ;SrKh lrk idOl ú.%y lrhs'
1'4 wd¾Ólhl flakaøSh .eg¨j ;d¾lslj úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
1. wd¾Ól moaO;shl uq,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak iy tajd úi|d .kakd úl,am l%u;=,kd;aul j ú.%y lrhs
1'5 uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak úuihs'
1'6 uQ,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak úi|d .ekSu i|yd ixúOdkh jk wdldrh úYaf,aIKh lrhs'
1'7 úúO ks¾Kdhl Ndú; lrñka wd¾Ól moaO;s j¾. lrhs'
1'8 ksIamdok yelshd udhsï jl% weiqfrka wdjiaÓl msßjeh yeisfrk wdldrhúYaf,aIKh lrhs'
1'9 wd¾Ól úoHdfõ uQ,sl ixl,am iy ksIamdok Odß;dj fjkiaùï ksIamdokyelshd udhsï jl%hla weiqfrka ksrEmKh lrhs'
1'1 wd¾Ól úoHdj ms<sn| moku mÍlaId lrhs'
wevï iañ;a ^1723-1790&
1. wd¾Ól moaO;shl uq,sl wd¾Ól m%Yak iy tajd úi|d .kakd úl,am l%u;=,kd;aul j ú.%y lrhs'
wd¾Ól úoHdj tÈfkod ñksia cSú;hg b;du;a ióm iudcSh úoHdjls'
ñksid iudcfha yeisfrk wdldrh úúO oDIaá fldaKj,ska wOHhkh lsÍu iudcShúoHdj uÕska isÿ lrk w;r" ñksid iudcfha yeisfrk wdldrh wd¾Ól oDIaáfldaKfhka ±lSu yd wOHhkh lsÍu wd¾Ól úoHdj úIh ;=<ska isÿ flf¾'
fï ksid iudcfha cSj;a ùfï § ;d¾lsl mqrjeishl= f,i tÈfkod lghq;= lsÍug yd;SrK .ekSu i|yd fyd| mokula wd¾Ól úoHdj úIhfhka imhkq ,efí'
