i

V.-V-. E&-S

. . . . . . « \ J^fc

Spring 1986, Vol. 4, No.2

Chairman of the Board of Trustees William C. Sennett, Esq.

President Dr. William P. Garvey Editor Mary Daly '66 Assistant to the President for External Affairs

Assistant Issue Editor Carla J. Anderson '84

Alumni Editors Gary L. Bukowski '73 Bonnie M. Clark '84

Editorial Board Dr. Allan D. Belovarac 7 3 Dr. Ludlow L. Brown Dr. Marilynn Miller Jewell '48 P. Barry McAndrew Dr. VivettaG.Petronio'48 Sr. M. Eustace Taylor '29 Editorial Assistant Almitra Clerkin

Contributing Writers Christopher V.Alessi'87 Sr. Mary Matthew Baltus '50 Dr. Allan D. Belovarac 7 3 Joseph Mattis Karen Merkle '84 Robert Shreve Sr. Mary Charles Weschler

Photography Louis Caravaglia Center for Defense Information Department of the Navy Erie Historical Museum &

Planetarium Richard P. Forsgren '84 Erie Times-News Sun Line Printing Dispatch 2000 Printing System

Alumni Association

Officers Michael E. Heller '79, President Joyce Metzler McChesney '69,

Vice President Regina O'Connor '80, Secretary

Directors Allan D. Belovarac '73, Erie, PA Dario Cipriani '74, Erie, PA Deborah S. Duda '77, Palo Alto, CA Margaret A. Emling '37, Erie, PA Claudia M. Englert '82, Erie, PA Joan Kostolansky Evans '60, Erie, PA Sr. Mary Lawrence Franklin '41, Erie, PA Thomas D. Heberle, Esq. '74, Erie, PA Lance J. Lavrinc '83, Pittsburgh, PA Patricia J. Liebel'53, Erie, PA Kevin J. Rozich, Esq. '79, Johnstown, PA

Mercyhurst magazine

Features Russian Navy: How Great A Threat? by Dr. Allan D. Belovarac 73 2

The Return of Halley's Comet by Sr. Mary Matthew Baltus '50 7

Erie's Cross-Town Rivals: An Historical Perspective on the Mercyhurst-Gannon Game by Joe Mattis and Bob Shreve 11

K104 You Got It! by Karen Merkle '84 13

Departments Faculty Focus

On the Hill

Alumni News

Class Notes

10

14

15

16

About the cover; Much has been made over the remarkable growth shown by the Soviet Navy the past several decades. Its warships are larger and better equipped today than before and the Soviet

submarine force has dramatically increased in size and strategic and tac­tical capability. Analysts agree, however, that in spite of these advances, the U.S. Navy is still significantly stronger than its Soviet counterpart. Dr. Allan Belovarac '73 analyzes this international topic in his feature ar­ticle on the "Russian Navy: How Great A Threat?" See page 2.

Cover photography courtesy of the United States Navy. USS Nimitz nu­clear powered multi-purpose aircraft carrier.

The Mercyhurst Magazine is published by.the Office of External Affairs of Mercyhurst College, Glenwood Hills, Erie, PA 16546. Copyright © 1986. News items and letters to the editor should be sent to the Editor c/o External Affairs Office.

Send change of address to Mercyhurst Magazine, Mercyhurst College, Erie, PA 16546.

External Affairs Office 814/825-0285 Alumni Relations Office 814/825-0246

SPRING, 1986

THE RUSSIAN NAVY

HOW GREAT A THREAT?

I n a world where oceans cover 70 per cent of the surface and where 95 per cent of all international

trade moves by sea, there can be little question that the power of a nation's navy is a critical factor in international politics.

At any given moment there are over 2,000 merchant ships plying the Atlan­tic Ocean alone, and the total value of exports and imports in just the U.S.­Europe Atlantic route annually amounts to more than 50 billion dol­lars. Little wonder that the fundamen­tal geopolitical principle of American foreign policy since 1890 has been that free and unimpeded use of the sea is vital to the interests of the Western World.

In the last decade, however, freedom of the seas has been increasingly threatened by a Soviet naval build-up that has left NATO nations feeling un­easy, even inferior to a Russian bear that has suddenly learned how to swim.

As late as the 1960s, the Soviet Navy was not — except for its submarine fleet — considered as one of the world's major naval powers. Yet today, the Soviet Union can boast of one of the world's largest surface navies, with warships operating regularly in the Mediterranean and Carribean Seas, the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In addition, Soviet subma­rines, armed with strategic nuclear missiles, regularly operate off the coasts of the United States.

This Russian buildup has led to an intense examination by the United States into the strength of its own navy.

An emerging perception of an 'American Navy in decline" has been developed in the press, fueled by expo­sitions of navy purchases of $300 ham­mers and $600 toilet seats. In addition,

DR. ALLAN D. BELOVARAC 73

"... today, the Soviet Union can boast of one of the world's

largest surface navies, with warships operating regularly

in the Mediterranean and Carribean Seas, the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans!'

the press has been fond of playing a numbers game comparing the growing Soviet naval armada with declining numbers in the American flotilla. The former Chief of Naval Operations, Ad­miral Thomas Hayward, added to this concern as he noted, "The U.S. Navy is a one and a half ocean Navy with a three ocean commitment."1

Responding to these fears, Navy Secretary John Lehman has promoted the idea of a "600 ship Navy" into a basic premise of Reagan's defense policy.

Amidst all this hype and hysteria as­sociated with the rise of Soviet sea power, it seems time to objectively de­termine whether the Russian Navy is indeed a real threat to the safety of the free world or whether it is just a "paper tiger."

What is paradoxical about this Soviet ascendancy at sea is its lack of precedent in Russian history. Although Tsar Peter the Great (1672-1725), hon­ored as the founder of the Russian Navy, once stated, "I am not looking for land. I am looking for water!" his suc­cessors rarely understood or used the sea as an instrument of national policy. Despite historians who often charac­terized Russian national strategy as a drive for "warm water ports" because Russia was a land and ice-locked na­tion, Russian leaders usually ignored the Navy in pursuit of national goals.

In the 1890s, this began to change as Russian naval thinking changed from a defensive orientation to more of an

emphasis on "blue water" battleships. Most of these battleships, however, were destroyed by the Japanese in the battle of Tsushima during the Russo-Japanese War. Although the Russian Navy ceased to be an international fac­tor after the Japanese War, the role of the Russian Navy in the revolution was unique.

It was the sailors of the Black Sea Fleet who forced Admiral Kolchak to surrender to the Germans that marked the beginning of the end of Russia in World War I. In the Baltic, the sailors at Kronstadt were also instrumental in seizing the Winter Palace at Peters­burg, and later served as elite revolu­tionary guards under the Bolsheviks. Within three years, however, these same sailors mutinied which resulted in the Soviet Navy becoming the vic­tim of the first widespread Bolshevik purge, reducing naval strength by 75 per cent.

" . . . the Soviet Navy has begun working toward closing the

existinggaps in the final two categories of U.S. superiority

— aircraft carriers and amphibious assault forces."

Between 1920-1940, the Russian Navy was in a moribund state. Also during this time, Admiral Mahan's ideas on the use of navies to acquire overseas possessions were viewed by Marxist-Leninists as characteristic of capitalistic states. Thus, blue water na­vies were seen as imperialistic and therefore evil, which kept the Soviet Navy essentially a coastal, defensive navy for several decades.

After World War II, a decisive shift took place in Soviet Naval strategy. In 1956, at age forty-six, Admiral Sergei G. Gorshkov became the Comman-

MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

der-in-Chief of the Soviet Navy, and broke the shackles of Marxist ideolo­gy by suggesting that the way to break the "imperi­alist chain" form­ing around the U.S.S.R. was to build a strong navy to keep these forc­es away from Sovi­et shores.

It was under Ad­miral Gorshkov that the Soviet Na­vy began a spec­tacular expansion into a global mari­time power which today outnumbers the U.S. Navy in total vessels.

In addition, the Soviet Navy has begun working to­ward closing the existing gaps in the final two catego­ries of U.S. superi­ority — aircraft carriers and am­phibious assault forces. These de­velopments sug­gest that Gorsh-kov's ultimate goal is a Soviet Navy based on the Ameri­can model, one capable of projecting power to any spot in and along the pe­riphery of the world's oceans, in peace­time or in wartime.

Last year, Admiral John L. Butts, Di­rector of Naval Intelligence, supported that belief when he testified that "Moscow's commitment to achieving a true, blue water, balanced fleet, capa­ble of challenging U.S. maritime su­premacy anywhere in the world remains firm . . . The challenge it will present to our world position is clear."2

However, the Center for Defense In­formation in a recent study contended that the U.S. Navy is still significantly stronger than its Soviet counterparts. Its main thesis is that the Soviet Navy, even with its remarkable growth over the past several decades, is still de-

2:

Kashin-class destroyer, one of the world's first major warships with all-gas turbine propulsion.

signed to perform rather limited tasks, at least by U.S. standards. These tasks include the maintenance of the Soviet ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) fleet; the protection of those SSBNs from Western anti-submarine forces; and the protection of the Soviet coast from carrier-based aircraft strikes and amphibious invasion.3 The Center ar­gues that even with superior numbers, the Soviet Navy has limited capabili­ties for operating in the open ocean.

Those Soviet ships that are capable

of extended operations lack the neces­sary logistical support to conduct oper­ations far from home over long periods of time. Futhermore, because of Soviet geography, ships from three of the So­viets' four fleets must pass through narrow channels controlled by the U.S. Allies, in order to enter the open ocean. Its major ports are situated

along the coasts of the Sea of Japan in the east and the Barents, Baltic, and Black Seas in the west. Each of these seas is isolated and relatively inaccess-able to the other. This has forced the Soviets to divide their navy into four separate fleets: The Northern Fleet, based at Severomorsk; the Baltic Fleet, based at Kaliningrad; the Black Sea Fleet, based at Sevasto­pol; and the Pacific Fleet, based at Vladivostok.

In order to proj­ect their forces into the open ocean

g-from these bases, __. most Soviet naval ^ forces must pass I through strate-!gic "chokepoints" ^ which are con-I trolled by U.S. Al-| lies on the Baltic, i Black Sea, and Pa-5 cific Ports.

The Baltic Fleet is hostage to the

West's control of the Danish Straits. Similarly, the Black Sea's ports can sup­port ocean operations only with the ac­ceptance of the Turks, who control the Bosporus, connecting the Mediterra­nean and Black Seas. From the Medi­terranean, the oceans can be reached only through the Strait of Gibraltar or the Suez Canal, both of which can easi­ly be restricted. On the Pacific coast of Russia, Vladivostok has only limited access to the open Pacific because of the narrow straits of the Sea of Japan. In wartime, these "chokepoints" would be mined and heavily patrolled by Western naval forces, effectively bot­tling up the bulk of three of the four So­viet fleets.

Only the Northern Fleet and that part of the Pacific Fleet stationed at Petropavlovsk are not required to pass through narrow channels to reach the

SPRING, 1986

open sea. In order to move into the At­lantic, ships from the Northern Fleet would have to cross the Norwegian Sea and pass through the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom (GIUK) Gap in the face of NATO naval forces and land-based air forces.

Over on the Pacific side, ships in­tended for the open sea from Petropav-lovsk are restrained both by the isolation of that port, which limits its ability to support large fleet deploy­ments, and the simple fact that it is iced-in for at least six months a year.

A second major limiting factor on the Soviets' ability to control the high seas is that their Navy continues to lack the surface forces necessary to chal­lenge Western dominance. While much has been made of the Soviets' superiority in total number of vessels, when comparing the numbers and quality of oceangoing surface vessels, the West clearly retains a decisive advantage.

This fleet as it exists today bears little resemblance to its American counter-

"Despite historians who often characterized Russian national strategy as a drive for 'warm water ports' because Russia was a land and ice-locked

nation, Russian leaders usually ignored the Navy in pursuit of

national goals,f

part. The U.S. Fleet is primarily de­signed as a blue water fleet which can operate far from its home bases for ex­tended periods of time. It is built around the large-deck "super carriers" capable of attacking enemy surface ships, submarines, and targets on land. The Soviet surface fleet, on the other hand, is designed primarily for anti­submarine warfare (ASW) in waters close to the Soviet Union. Its ability to operate on the open ocean and combat enemy surface ships is limited.

One of these limitations is that less than half of their major surface vessels can operate safely and effectively on the open ocean. With displacements of well under 2,000 tons, 145 of the Sovi­et Navy's frigates are simply too small to be used far beyond coastal water. On very rough seas, which are not unusual in the northern latitudes, the effective­

ness of these ships' sonar and other electronic gear would be significantly diminished. While the Soviet Navy's cruisers and destroyers, as well as their newest frigates are over the 2,000 ton mark, the Soviets can put to sea only 138 such ships. The United States and its Allies, however, together have a much larger ocean fleet, with 475 Al­lied surface warships displacing over 2,000 tons.

Even those Soviet vessels over the 2,000 ton mark are limited from travel­ing too far from home waters because of the Navy's limitations on supplying and provisioning far out to sea. Major combat vessels consume a tremendous amount of supplies at sea. The United States Navy operates 53 replenish­ment ships with displacement totaling 1,413,000 tons. While the Soviet Union has 85 such ships, they are much less capable, displacing a total of only 570,000 tons.

Of course, deficiencies in a support fleet can easily be overcome by devel­oping major bases overseas. Yet, in this area, the Soviets do not match the United States either. The U.S. operates 57 naval facilities in 17 countries and dependencies throughout the world. While the Soviets have access to a vari­ety of ports along the essentially land­locked waters of the Baltic and Black Sea coasts, their facilities on the open ocean are limited to Cuba, Angola, South Yemen, Syria, Ethiopia and Vietnam.

The third major limiting factor of the Soviet Navy is its lack of sea-based air­craft. It is an inescapable truth that air power will play a decisive role in any future war at sea. Surface ships are sit­ting ducks for enemy aircraft unless they have air cover of their own, which can be provided by aircraft based on ei­ther land or sea.

It is in the area of sea-based aircraft that the Soviets suffer a critical disad­vantage. Their three Kiev-class carriers are each equipped with only 20 heli­copters and 12 YAK-36 vertical take­off and landing (VTOL) aircraft. These are limited capability, low perform­ance fighters. In contrast, the U.S. Navy has 14 large deck carriers each capable of carrying 60 high perform­ance fighter and attack aircraft and 25 early warning and anti-submarine air­craft and helicopters intended to pro-

"While much has been made of the Soviets' superiority in total

number of vessels, when comparing the numbers and

quality of oceangoing surface vessels, the West clearly retains

a decisive advantage."

tect the carrier. In sum total, the U.S. sea-based air wings amount to about 1,100 aircraft and helicopters.

Of particular interest recently has been the Soviet launching of its first full-scale aircraft carrier capable of launching jet fighters and bombers. This new, 65,000 ton ship is two-thirds the size of its U.S. counterparts, but still significantly larger than the Soviet helicopter carriers now at sea. The new 1,000 foot carrier has a ramp on its bow similar to a ski jump that could be used for launching some types of fighter planes. The carrier also has a long, an­gled flight deck similar to American carriers.

Admiral James D. Watkins, Chief of Naval Operations, noted that the Rus­sians "lack experience in operating fixed-wing aircraft at sea. Conse­quently, it could be about 10 years be­fore the new carrier and its air group are capable of operating proficiently."4

One experienced Navy pilot noted the difficulties the Soviets are likely to face if they move from the vertical take off aircraft, which land at slow speeds on a short stretch of deck, to conventional planes that must be caught at high speed just at the right second: "They're going to lose an awful lot of pilots learning how to do this thing."5 Al­though much attention has been fo­cused on this carrier in the media, its existence, compared to the U.S. Navy's 14 large carriers, will not seriously di­minish our advantage in sea-based air power.

Because this sea-based air power de­ficiency will continue for some time, the Soviet fleet must depend almost exclusively on land-based aircraft to provide protection in wartime. Also, since it has access to so few overseas bases (which could be easily isolated in wartime), the Soviet Navy can operate safely only within several hundred miles of the Russian coastline.

It is true, however, that this coastline would be well protected. Western na-

MI-RCYI1URST MAGAZINE

The Soviet Navy: Ships in Bottles

U.S.S.R.

NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN

Maps prepared by Center for Defense Information.

Soviet Union and Allies U.S. Allies = tZZl

vies that might try to penetrate the So­viet defensive ring would come under progressively more concentrated air strikes as they moved across this perimeter.

For all these reasons then, it seems clear that the Soviet surface fleet is still essentially defensive in character and is not yet capable of mounting a major offensive threat on the high seas to the U.S. Navy.

This discussion of the limitations facing the Soviet surface fleet certainly should not be taken to mean that their navy should be disregarded, for Rus­sian naval weaknesses are being bol­stered by a powerful submarine fleet which is becoming the real strength of the Russian Navy and a serious threat to the West. Thus, a major role of the Soviet Navy today is that of maintain­ing and protecting the submarine com­ponent of its strategic nuclear arsenal.

The Soviet SSBN fleet is equipped with 924 missiles carrying about 2,200 individual nuclear warheads. These strategic submarines generally stay close to home where the Soviet surface fleet and land-based aircraft protect them from Western ASW forces. Their armament includes long-range ballis-

Main Soviet Naval Bases = Soviet SSBN Patrol Areas -

tic missiles with ranges over 4,000 miles, making it unnecessary for them to leave their protected 'sanctuaries'

It is now quite clear that in wartime, the Soviets would seek to offset their naval disadvantages in the surface fleet through the use of 283 attack subma­rines. Unlike SSBNs, these attack sub­marines are designed to combat either enemy surface ships or submarines, and are ideally suited for operations against Western navies since they are much less vulnerable to air strikes tHan surface vessels.

The Western Allies' major fear is that these attack submarines in time of war might be able to cut the sea lanes, par­ticularly those across the Atlantic, which would bear 90 per cent of our re­inforcement and supplies. This threat may not be as ominous as it seems, when one realizes that over 2,000 miles separate the Atlantic shipping lanes from the home waters of the Soviet Northern Fleet. Those subs threaten­ing our sea-lanes would have to travel this distance and get through the NATO ASW forces stationed in the GIUK. In addition, Soviet submarines in the Baltic and Black Sea Fleets could easily be bottled up at the "choke-

Western Barriers = Scale of Miles =* |

o 500

points" controlled by NATO forces. Of the 283 Soviet attack subma­

rines, it must also be noted that 163 are diesel-electric and could not be used effectively even if they were all sta­tioned in the Atlantic. They are so slow that a good part of each patrol would be spent traversing the 2,000 miles to the shipping lanes and back again. Some of the oldest, dating back to the early 1950s, are so slow that only about 25 per cent of their time at sea could ac­tually be used to attack allied shipping.

The Soviets' 120 nuclear-powered attack subs, however, are not limited by range and can attain very high sub­merged speeds, some capable of reach­ing 40 knots. Yet there is a major shortcoming of these submarines, which is their high operating noise.

In a period of crisis, NATO navies would use a combination of P-3 patrol planes and their own attack subma­rines to guard the access routes into the Atlantic. These P-3s utilize air­dropped sensors for acoustic detec­tion, and attack submarines rely on both towed sensors and internal devic­es to "hear" Soviet subs. These systems are complimented by a network of hy-

SPR1NG, 1986

drophones set up on the ocean floor which can detect submarines opera­ting hundreds of miles away.

With all these limitations, it seems unlikely that the primary attention of the Soviet attack submarines would be Allied shipping lanes in the event of war. Instead it seems obvious that their primary task would be to protect Sovi­et SSBNs from Western attack subma-rines and surface battle groups, a role they are especially well-equipped to fulfill.

The range limitations affecting diesel-electric submarines would not

" . . . today, the Soviet Union can boast of one of the world's

largest surface navies, with warships operating regularly

in the Mediterranean and Carribean Seas, the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans!'

be a liability when operating close to home. The diesel-electric submarines also have an important advantage in anti-ship warfare since they run very smoothly and quietly on their batter­ies, making them difficult for ASW forces to detect. Furthermore, Soviet nuclear-powered attack submarines would also be more effective in home waters since they would not have to cross NATO ASW barriers. All that both types of Soviet submarines would have to do is simply wait for enemy car­riers and other surface and subsurface vessels to approach within range of their torpedoes, cruise missiles, and anti-submarine weapons. Clearly these attack submarines would serve as an extremely lethal barrier within each Soviet SSBN sanctuary.

To sum it all up, there can be no doubt as to the increased capability of the Soviet Navy over the past several decades. Soviet warships are in general

Naval Battle Forces Comparison

Large-Deck Aircraft Carriers:

Helicopter and VTOL Ships:

Major Surface Combatants Over 2,000 tons: Under 2,000 tons:

New Attack Submarines Nuclear-powered: Diesel-Electric:

Old Attack Submarines Nuclear-powered: Diesel-Electric:

Amphibious ships:* (thousands of tons)

Replenishment ships: (thousands of tons)

U.S.S.R

0

5

138 145

73 23

47 140

78 (204)

85 (570)

U.S.S.R. & Allies

0

5

145 155

73 23

47 149

102 (248)

95 (585)

U.S.

14**

12*

198 0

69 0

25 4

60 * (956)

53 (1,413)

U.S.& Allies

16

18

479 82

79 86

30 69

163 (1,371)

93 (2,022)

Allies: U.S. allies include the NATO countries plus Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. Soviet allies include the Warsaw Pact countries plus Vietnam and Cuba.

Major Surface Combatants: These include all cruisers, destroyers and frigates currently in service. Those displacing 2,000 tons or more include cruisers, destroyers and some frigates. All of those displacing under 2,000 tons are frigates. Attack Submarines: For purposes of this table, a submarine is considered new if the first submarine of its class was launched in 1965 or later and old if the first submarine of its class was launched before 1965.

One carrier is currently being modernized through the Service Life Extension Program and is not immediately deployable. *The U.S. Navy's 12 amphibious assault ships can function as VTOL and Helicopter ships as well, and thus are counted in both categories.

Chart prepared by Center for Defense Information

* *

". . . the Soviet Navy has begun working toward closing the

existinggaps in the final two categories of U.S. superiority

— aircraft carriers and amphibious assault forces!'

larger and better equipped than before. Their submarine force has increased dramatically in both size as well as in its strategic and tactical capabilities.

While there are claims that the Sovi­ets are building a Navy to challenge Western domination of the high seas, the evidence seems to indicate other­wise. The Soviet Navy is actually infe­rior to the naval forces of the U.S. and its allies both in numbers and the capa­bilities of its ocean-going ships. The Soviet Navy is also weak on supply ca­pabilities and sea-based air power. These factors, along with the geo­graphic barriers to reaching the open seas, would force the Soviet Navy to stay close to home in a period of war.

With these limitations in mind, it seems quite clear that the actual mis­sion of the Soviet Navy is to protect So­viet ballistic missile submarines in ocean sanctuaries adjacent to the Sovi­et Union. Moreover, with the aid of land-based aircraft and small coastal vessels, the Soviet Navy can pose a deadly threat to those intent on pene­trating their defensive perimeters.

Thus, even though the Russian bear

has learned to swim, he does not seem intent on venturing far from his pro­tected shores. On the world's water­ways, Teddy Roosevelt's belief that the "United States Navy should be second to none" is still the case — at least for

now! Dr. Allan D. Belovarac 73 is assistant professor of history atMercyhurst, where he is also director of the history department.

'Harry D. Train, "The Growing Soviet Naval Menace," Atlantic Community Quarterly, Spring, 1981, p. 54. 2"The Soviet Navy: Still Second Best," The De­fense Monitor, Vol. XIV, No. 7,1985, p. 1. 3"The Soviet Navy: Still Second Best", p.l. 4The New York Times, January 16,1986, p. 11. 5The Washington Post, January 14, 1986, p. 6.

MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

S eldom in this century has an as­tronomical event evoked as much media coverage as Comet

Hailey Headlines in newspapers, spe­cial hour-long programs on TV, cover stories in news magazines, books and pamphlets, advertisements for tele­scopes, binoculars, and comet T-shirts have all bombarded the public to the saturation point.

What would warrant such attention for a comet barely visible to the unaid­ed eye? To answer this question ade­quately, a brief description of those celestial visitors called comets would be in order.

Comets appear among the stars and move with them in the general east to west motion known as diurnal motion. This 15 degree per hour motion is caused by the earth's rotation. Comets do not streak across the sky like mete­ors or shooting stars, but rather change position among the stars in a very gradual motion detectable only by careful observation from night to

night. Ancient civilizations of Mesopota­

mia used cuneiform writing on clay tablets to record the motion of the moon, stars, and planets. These tablets, now called "Astronomical Diaries," re­corded phenomena called sallammu as early as 750 B.C. It is not clear whether these sallammu referred to meteors or comets on the earliest tablets, but by 235 B.C. definite recordings of comets appear.

The Chinese called comets HUI or broom stars. Comets received a great deal of attention since the Chinese re­

garded anything that changed in the sky as an evil omen. They recognized that comets shine by reflected light from the sun and that a comet's tail al­ways points away from the sun.

Most important by far, they accu-

"...In 168 2, Hailey observed it but could not be given the credit

for discovering the comet which a century later was to bear his

name. / /

rately recorded dates and positions of comets so that we are now able to use their information to determine the or­bital paths and periods of periodic comets.

In 1456 a comet appeared (which we now know to be Halley's). George Purbach, a Viennese mathematician, attempted to measure the comet's par­allax, the apparent shift against back­ground stars as viewed from two separated places. Parallax is a clue to distance. Purbach's attempt was not enough to convince the world that comets are really farther away than the atmosphere.

A great surge in astronomical thought came with the Renaissance starting with the publication in 1543 of "De Revolutionibus," in which Coper­nicus outlined the heliocentric theory

of the universe. Our hero, Edmund Hailey, was born

in a suburb of London in 1656. After achieving his education at St. Paul's School and Queen's College, Oxford, he worked for John Flamsteed, Astron­omer Royal of England. They compiled an accurate star catalogue which was essential for the growing maritime fleet to determine longitude at sea. From Greenwich, only stars of the northern hemisphere could be ob­served and catalogued.

In 1676, Hailey volunteered to sail south on a ship of the East India Com­pany to the island of St. Helena in the midst of the South Atlantic. A high point on the island still bears the name Halley's Mount, and some ruins of his observatory can be found there.

Along with mapping 341 southern stars, Hailey also discovered the globu­lar cluster in Centauri, observed the solar and lunar eclipses of 1677, and the transit of Mercury across the face of the sun.

Upon his return to England, the first comet that Hailey observed and stud­ied was the brilliant one of 1680. Both Hailey and Issac Newton calculated the orbit of this comet. It was later de­termined that this comet has a period of thousands of years, and thus, is not the now famous 76-year comet.

Another bright comet appeared in 1682 and was observed in France, America, and Germany in August of that year. Hailey observed it in early September, but could not be given the credit for discovering the comet which a century later was to bear his name.

SPRING, 1986

"Orbits are expressed as numbers, specifying

their shape, size, inclination, and

orientation!'

He recorded his observations in Latin in an old college notebook using vari­ous available spaces and even writing over previous notes. This notebook, along with eight others in which Hal-ley recorded his observations and cal­culations, is preserved in the Greenwich Observatory.

Halley often met with two other great men of his day Robert Hooke and Christopher Wren. The three men often discussed the rules governing or­biting bodies, but were unable to ex­plain why these laws worked.

In order to get help with the prob­lem, Halley visited Isaac Newton at Cambridge. Newton had calculated the force that holds the moon in orbit about the earth and the planets in Kep-lerian orbits about the sun, but he had misplaced his notes and could not find them.

With Halley's constant urging, New­ton re-did the work in a year and a half, and the famous "Principia" was pub­lished in 1687, outlining the universal law of gravity. Many have called Newton's work the greatest mental ef­fort ever made by one person. "If I have seen farther than other men," said Newton, "it was because I stood on the shoulders of giants." It might be added, "and with prodding from another

giant, Edmund Halley" In 1695, more than a decade after

witnessing comets in 1680 and 1682, Edmund Halley again turned his at­tention to cometary orbits. There were 24 comets of the past with sufficiently numerous and precise observations that he could fit orbits to them with reasonable certainty.

Orbits are expressed as numbers, specifying their shape, size, inclina­tion, and orientation.

There were three comets, evenly spaced in time, for which the elements were essentially the same. They were the comets of 1682, 1607, and 1531. Halley proposed that these three were not three different comets, rather, they

were the same comet. He concluded that the orbits were not parabolic but elliptical with high eccentricity.

The comet of 1456 seemed to be an­other candidate for the returning comet; however, the data available to Halley at the time was not sufficient for positive identification. Those three, or possibly four comets, had been one comet returning along the same path at intervals of about 76 years.

From this followed the prediction that it would return about 1758. Halley would then be either 102 years old or, more likely, dead. Halley must have had a premonition that he would not witness the return of the comet when he wrote: "Wherefore, if according to what we have already said it should re­turn again about the year 1758, candid posterity will not refuse to acknowl­

edge that this was first discovered by an Englishman."

His cometary work received strangely little attention at first. When he died in 1742, obituaries hardly mentioned it. His contemporaries

"Most of the great comets display broad

tails ... and the narrower gas or ion

dust tails that streams almost straight behind the head in a direction

opposite the sun."

8 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

were more impressed with his other scientific contributions. When the comet was recovered on Christmas night, 1758, by a Dresden amateur, at­tention was turned to Halley's predic­tion. A few months later at a session of the French Academy of Sciences, the comet was referred to as Halley's Comet, so candid posterity at last ac­knowledged the Englishman.

What then are these celestial visitors and what brings them on their ellipti­cal journey into our neighborhood?

The nuclei of comets are generally believed to be icy conglomerates or "dirty snowballs" composed of water ice and frozen gases such as carbon di­oxide, ammonia, and methane with minute dust particles imbedded in the ice. Nuclei range in size from a few hundred feet to possibly ten miles in diameter. It is this relatively small size that makes them difficult to detect until they move into the inner solar system. The radiant energy of the sun and the solar wind cause a cloud of gases, the coma, to form around the nucleus and eventually a tail to extend out from the comet away from the sun.

There are various components in the coma — dust, ice coated grains, neutral gases, ionized gases — and they spread outward in an approximate sphere to a size much larger than the earth. Scien­tists recently discovered an outer coma or hydrogen cloud spreading outward millions of miles around the comet

head. Most of the great comets display tails

with two components: the broad dust tail which curves backward from the head and the narrower gas or ion tail that streams almost straight behind the head in a direction opposite the sun.

Comet tails can reach lengths of hundreds of millions of miles and streak half way across the night sky. Al­though the tails are the most spectacu­lar aspect of a comet, they are actually very diffuse and contain less than 1/500 the mass of the nucleus.

During the appearance of Halley's comet in 1910, the earth passed through the tail. Many people had been frightened that the tail would somehow damage the earth or its at­mosphere, but there were no noticea­ble effects.

From all the publicity and media coverage during 1985-86, one gets the impression that Halley's is by far the brightest comet ever observed. This is

<3

to

Vi

C3

'E o

"Halley is the brightest of the periodic comets.

It is the only comet that repeatedly

becomes conspicuous to the naked eye."

far from true. Many of the non-periodic comets are real dazzlers far brighter than Halley's. They are ones that have not been seen before and will not be seen again. In any person's life­time there may be several of these un­predictable dazzlers. Halley's is, however, the brightest of the periodic comets. It is the only comet that repeat­edly becomes conspicuous to the naked eye.

Halley's comet has several advan­tages over other periodic comets. Its period of 76 years makes it a once-in-a-lifetime event, a spectacle visible only once in the average person's lifetime.

The orbital inclination is 18 degrees so the comet comes in above the orbit of the earth and goes out south of it, giving most inhabitants of the earth the opportunity to view it. Another ad­vantage of the comet is its retrograde motion, the reverse of the earth's orbit­al motion. Only a retrograde comet can have a second fairly close approach to

earth as Halley's does in the 1985-86 double visit.

Halley's perihelion distance (closest approach to the sun) is approximately 50 million miles. Comets whose orbits bring them closer to the sun are sub­jected to the sun's strong gravitational force and either fall into the sun or break up as they pass by. Those comets that have greater perihelion distances do not receive the full impact of the solar radiation and wind, and thus do not shine as brightly. All in all, Halley's is the perfect comet.

So if Halley's is the perfect comet, why then has it been far from spectac­ular in this apparition?

Actually, Halley has performed quite well. The fact that the 1985-86 appearance has been the poorest of all thirty recorded returns of the comet is due to the position of the earth when the comet is putting on its best show.

At its first close approach in Novem­ber of 1985, the tail of the comet as viewed from the earth was approxi­mately on the earth-comet line thus foreshortening its appearance.

On February 9, 1986, when the comet reached perihelion and was at its brightest, the earth was on the op­posite side of the sun. The comet, therefore, was not visible at that time.

Early in 1986, the orbit dipped far below the equator, so at the time of the comet's closest approach to the earth on April 10 and 11, it was at 47 degrees south latitude, making it impossible to view from areas north of 40 degrees. Many tours to southern latitudes were planned in order to provide a better view of the comet during this close approach.

In this era of high-tech sophistica­tion, we still stand in awe of the celes­tial visitor known as Halley's comet. This sense of awe arises not so much from the appearance of the comet, since it has been less than spectacular, but rather from the realization of man­kind's struggle through the centuries to comprehend the splendor, the immen­sity, and the grandeur of God's uni­verse. Halley's comet is a symbol of this unending struggle.

Sister Mary Matthew, is a professor of earth science at Mercyhurst College. Sis­ter led a tour of twenty-three Erie resi­dents to Cancun, Mexico on April 6-13 to observe Halley.

SPRING, 1986

FACULTY FOCUS

Daniel V. Burke

Y ears of experience have paid off more than once for Daniel Burke.

Professor of art at Mercyhurst Col­lege for the past 17 years and director of the College's art department, Dan Burke's advances in the field of art over the years have brought him to the top of his profession.

Having participated in numerous regional, national, and international juried shows, Burke's excellence in the field of painting has won him over 35 awards, notably, the Chautauqua Art Association Award, Mainstreams Award of Excellence, and honors at the Greater New Orleans International Exhibition.

Most recently, Burke was awarded a $5,000 fellowship from the Pennsylva­nia Council on the Arts (PCA) and as such, he was one of only six painters statewide to receive this honor. Five hundred applications were submitted to the council for the fellowship pro­gram funded by the National Endow­ment for the Arts.

"I will use the fellowship to increase my scale. I plan to do a half dozen large museum size pieces. Works that are 10 to 12 feet tall," Dan explained.

Born and raised in Erie, he began his formal study of art at Erie Technical Memorial High School under the late Joseph Plavcan, and received his bachelor's degree from Mercyhurst in 1969, becoming the first male graduate of the College.

Following graduation, he began his teaching career at Mercyhurst as an art instructor and later earned a master's degree from Edinboro University. Ap­proaching 20 years at Mercyhurst as a faculty member, Burke has held a phi­losophy that has made his teaching profession a success.

"A good teacher doesn't impose his personal views on the student. I see teaching as the development of the stu­dent to become the person-artist he or she wants to be — not the product of what the teacher thinks the young pro­fessional could or should become."

CHRISTOPHER V. ALESSI '87

Daniel Burke

Burke has held the position as di­rector of the College's art department for seven years, following in the foot­steps of his mentor, Sister Angelica Cummings.

"Sister Angelica focused my direc­tion and life," he explained. "She was a lady who knew order and balance, the lofty from the real, the place of knowl­edge, the role of discipline, the impor­tance of care, and how to make time grow."

Burke's paintings are of particular interest because of his intense desire to experiment. Throughout the years, his art has been noted by change and prog­ress. From the meticulous hard edge paintings of automobile parts in the 70s, he returned to the figure in the 80s. From using only acrylic paints, he has come to use any and all media. His current works make use of unusual materials such as zippers, old umbrella struts, mosaics, leather, and velvet which are glued, riveted, stapled, nailed, or sewn onto canvas and wood.

Burke's paintings and drawings are in several permanent collections nota­bly the Lacuna Gloria Art Museum, North Carolina National Bank, IBM Corporation, Southern Utah State

College, as well as many other private and corporate collections. During the past five years, the artist has had seven one-man shows in Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.

While at the Hurst he has represent­ed the College and the area in over a hundred competitions and invitation­al exhibitions throughout the United States. In addition, he has been affiliat­ed with the Northwestern Pennsylva­nia Artists Association since its inception in 1975, and serves as its co-executive chairman.

Married for almost 16 years to 1970 Mercyhurst graduate Jane Craig, Dan and his wife are the parents of four children — Kate 11, Ellen 8, Timothy 6, and Matthew 4.

Burke noted, "Each of us has his or her own philosophy of life and mea­sure of happiness. For me, the most satisfying times in my life come when I achieve a balance with my family, my teaching profession, and my career as an artist."

Christopher V. Alessi is a junior commu­nications major from Bemus Point, New York.

^

10 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

MERCYHURST HISTORY

ERIE'S CROSS-TOWN RIVALS

asketball fans jammed the Tullio Convention Center to watch Mercyhurst and Gannon do

battle on February 12. And jam they did — all 5,689 of them.

Gannon's 90-75 victory over the Lakers wasn't the big story of the night. That so many fans turned out was. This year's showdown drew the largest crowd ever to watch a basketball game in the City of Erie.

"The series has become a credit to the City of Erie; said Dr. William P. Garvey, President of Mercyhurst Col­lege. "It's a fun game, the kind of series that makes the sport what it is — an in­tense rivalry yet well behaved." Garvey noted that in its 11 year history, the game has been without incident.

How it all began Ever since Mercyhurst began its ath­

letic program 14 years ago, the College wanted Gannon on its schedule. But why?

Back in 1971, when the announce­ment was made that Mercyhurst

JOE MATTIS AND BOB SHREVE

would enter the realm of intercolle­giate sports, much talk among sports fans centered around the fact that Gannon and Mercyhurst would even­tually meet on the basketball court.

And as the record shows, it was Mercyhurst's Bill Garvey who started the talk.

It was that year at a news conference held to announce the beginning of Laker basketball that Garvey was quoted as saying, "We at Mercyhurst are hopeful that a natural rivalry will develop between us and Gannon Col­lege in intercollegiate sports. We . . . certainly want to meet Gannon on the basketball court . . . because to estab­lish a program of high quality, which we intend to do, we must play the best."

That, indeed, was a bold statement for a college that had just two years previously gone coeducational.

The dean of Mercyhurst when the series began, Garvey sees differences in the basketball programs.

"With only 14 seasons behind us, we don't have the tradition that Gannon

has. There is a distinct difference in the maturation of the programs and the loyalty of the fans. But the record over the years shows that the programs have caught each other in player quality? Garvey added.

"Erie fans want this game," com­mented Dr. Garvey. "It's our city's an­swer to the Canisius-Niagara, Pitt-Duquesne, Villanova-St. Joseph, Temple-LaSalle, and many other in-city rivalries."

Getting together took three years The Mercyhurst-Gannon game,

now the showpiece of Erie collegiate sports, struggled for several years be­fore its first tip-off. And it was only be­cause of the intercession of local businessman Lou Porreco, that the two teams ever met.

Porreco, an Erie automobile dealer, entrepreneur, and sports enthusiast, assumed sponsorship of Gannon's Gem City Bowl holiday basketball tournament in February of 1974 and renamed it the Porreco Cup. The first

SPRING, 1986 II

thing that Porreco did was expand the tourney from four teams to six — with both Mercyhurst and Edinboro receiv­ing invitations to participate in the De­cember, 1974 affair.

Of course, this was the opportunity Mercyhurst had been awaiting for sev­eral years, and Laker athletic director Dick Fox immediately accepted the in­vitation. The athletic committee at Edinboro, however, opted for a home-and-home series with the Knights and declined the invitation. So the initial field for the Porreco Cup included five teams.

Two months later, St. Francis Col­lege of Loretto, one of the original en­trants, withdrew and the field was back down to four teams — Gannon, Mercyhurst, the University of Dela­ware and New Hampshire University.

When the first round pairings were announced, it came as no surprise that the Lakers were matched up with Del­aware in the opener, with the Knights hosting New Hampshire in the night­cap. This meant that both local teams would have to win — or lose — their opening games in order to meet each other on the second night of the tourney.

Mercyhurst, then ranked 15th in the Associated Press college division rank­ings with a 6-1 record, scored an 80-64 victory over the Blue Hens to advance to the championship game. All Laker fans were rooting for the Knights in the next game and they came through with a 74-55 win over the Wildcats to set up the long-awaited showdown.

The big night An overflow crowd and a live televi­

sion audience witnessed that first clash between the cross-town rivals at the Gannon Audi (now the Hammermill Center) on December 29, 1974. In a contest that wasn't decided until the final seconds, Gannon ran its record to 7-0 with a 70-67 victory.

Sportswriter Jim Richards of the "Erie Daily Times" had this to say the following day. "Winning coach Ed Sparling said, Tt was a great game.7

Losing coach Dick Fox said, Tt was a great game.' A crowd of over 3,300 fans left the Gannon Auditorium saying, Tt was a great game.'

"It wasn't a knockout. It wasn't a de­cisive win," wrote Jack Polancy, sports editor of the "Morning News," "it was just what it had been billed . . . an

emotion-filled and close battle be­tween two small college cage powers."

A player looks back As a freshman in 1971, Mike Emick,

production control router at Struthers Wells Corporation in Warren, PA, was a forward on the Lakers original bas­ketball squad. As a senior, Emick played in the first Mercyhurst-Gannon game in 1974.

"It was exciting to be part of the first basketball game at Mercyhurst," said Emick, "but is was truly something special to be part of that first game be­tween the two rival colleges. It gave the team and the College the opportunity to gain credibility in the eyes of the fans in town," recalls Emick.

"Even though we lost, we were able to hold our own and play on that level of competition. In retrospect — and I think I can say this for all of those who played at the time — I don't think we realized that we were playing out a chapter of basketball history for the city of Erie and for our alma mater," Emick added.

Rivalry renewal As great as that first meeting was for

the fans, they would not see the two teams meet again the following year. It wasn't until the 1976-77 season that the rivalry was renewed on an annual basis. Gannon again posted a win at the Audi, 81 -77 in overtime, before an­other capacity crowd.

A taste of victory Mercyhurst got its first chance to

host the Knights the following season, and made the most of the opportunity. The Lakers rolled to an 80-66 triumph at the Erie County Fieldhouse with an estimated throng of 5,000 in attend­ance. That game represented both the largest crowd in Erie and the largest margin of victory prior to this year's contest.

The series continues on an annual basis, and while Gannon holds an 8-3 edge in the matchup, each game has provided Erie basketball fans with the very best entertainment possible dur­ing the cold winter months.

The series has produced the follow­ing results: Year 7 4 '76 '77 '78 7 9 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85

Knights

70 81/OT 66 73 65 58 86 100/OT 66 76 90

Lakers

67 77/OT 80 67 64 59 84 89/OT 64 89 75

Crowd

3300 3300 5000 3300 2400 2600 1950 3200 2000 3339 5689

Joe Matt is, now a sports writer for the "Morning News" in Erie, PA, was the Col­lege's sports information director (SID) from 1971 to 1975. Bob Shreve is complet­ing his second year at Mercyhurst as SID.

12 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

Bill Shannon

O ne dreamed of being in radio all his life; for the other, a ca­reer in broadcasting was an

accident. One is a hockey fanatic who took up skating at age 32 just so he could be a player, as well as being an avid follower of the Toronto Maple Leafs; the other spent his youth prac­ticing to make it in professional base­ball, but injuries forced him to settle for rooting from the sidelines for his be­loved Yankees.

Differences aside, Bill Shannon and Howard Nemenz have at least two very important characteristics in com­mon: they are two of the major forces behind the success of Erie's top-rated radio stations, K104 and WEYZ, and both are proud to call themselves alumni of Mercyhurst College.

Born and raised in North East, Shan­non would stay up nights listening to WABC-AM from New York City and dream of reaching out into the dark­ness with his own all-night program. At 14, he was already the entrepreneur of his own tiny tenth-of-a-watt radio station, which covered an entire block and was staffed by 30 neighborhood children. Hanging around Erie stations at the same time paid off, and he land­ed his first job at WJET spinning plat­ters but never getting on the air. Following a stint in the army — where he worked for the Armed Forces Net­work in Nuremberg — he was hired by WCCK-WWGO in 1971 as an an-nouncer, a position that led to his ap­pointment as program director in 19 75. That year, Bill enrolled at Mercyhurst as a communications major, a few months after Howard graduated from the hilltop college with his business ad­ministration degree.

Nemenz's path to the broadcasting business was much less direct. He is the first to admit that baseball was his life when he enrolled at Mercyhurst on a

You Got It!

BYKARENMERKLE'84

"They are two of the major forces behind the

success of Erie's top-rated radio

stations, K104 and WEYZ, and both are

proud to call themselves alumni of Mercyhurst College!'

Laker scholarship. A concentration in marketing was to prepare him for a ca­reer in advertising, but an internship at WJET gave him his first dose of radio. After graduation he worked in sales at WMDI in McKean before accepting a position with a production house in Beaver Falls, where he produced com­mercials, industrial films, and radio jingles. In March of 1978, he became a salesman at the station that had come to be known as K104.

Both agree that it's been an extreme­ly quick climb to the top. In 1980, How­ard became local sales manager. He was appointed vice president of mar­keting for the nine-station Burbach Broadcasting Company, parent orga­nization of the two Erie stations, in 1983 — the same year Bill was promot­ed to vice president of operations for the company.

Howard credits his Mercyhurst in­ternship experience with getting radio into his blood. He began college at the usual age, and admits his attitude to­ward education needed altering. Mercyhurst did that. "It was a good at­mosphere for accomplishment. My marketing and business law courses really whetted my appetite to become more proficient in my major." Bill, on

Howard Nemenz

the other hand, entered Mercyhurst's communications program when he was 27, having already experienced the work force. He was careful to balance his education, building him­self a solid foundation in business and the liberal arts. "Jean Lavin probably taught me more about how to handle myself than anyone else," Bill recalls.

What do Shannon and Nemenz sug­gest to others considering a career in radio?"

Bill: "Take communication courses, but don't ignore everything else. If you want to learn about the business — and radio is a business — take business courses. You must be concerned with the legalities of broadcasting as well. You have to learn that, as a broadcaster, you have a great responsibility to the community."

Howard: "I am a firm believer in ag­gressive behavior — a 'give me the op­portunity' attitude. It's discouraging that recent graduates join the workforce expecting a certain level of pay. You've got to earn your stripes. Lower your expectations, and get the entry level position. Coming out of the chute, you don't have experience — you have learning."

Both say the future of radio looks bright; their futures do as well. Bill's goal is to someday own a station here, one with far more than one-tenth of a watt of power behind it. And Howard, while content with his job and his life in Erie, hasn't ruled out the possibility of perhaps one day moving on to something that may be bigger, but would be hard pressed to be better. "If someone offers the gold ring," he muses, "I'll try it on."

Karen Merkle is a 1984 communications graduate of Mercyhurst College. She is a free-lance writer in the Erie area.

SPRING, 1986 13

ON THE HILL

Sisters to build Mercy Terrace Apartments

SR. MARY CHARLES WESCHLER

Responding to an intergenerational mission which provides educational and social services to pre-school age students through senior citizens, the Sisters of Mercy celebrated the breaking of ground for their estimated $3.2 million Mercy Ter­race Apartment complex on April 11.

The three-story complex, intended for middle income residents who do not quali­fy for subsidized housing, will be built to the west of the Sisters of Mercy Motherhouse at 444 East Grandview Boul­evard. The Mercy Terrace will be privately financed by the Sisters of Mercy as sole developers.

The proposed structure has been de­signed with an enclosed bridge at the sec­ond floor level, providing a sheltered connection and easy access to the Mercy Motherhouse, where the Center on Aging and Mother of Mercy Chapel are located.

The 60,000 square foot facility will house 52 one-bedroom and 12-two bed­room apartments, including four apart­ments for the physically handicapped. Each unit will have a living room-dining room area, kitchen, bathroom, and four to five closets. Porches at the north end of the building will allow all tenants to share the view of Lake Erie from the city's highest point. A common room, laundry and stor­age areas will also be provided.

Residents will have the opportunity to participate in intergenerational academic and cultural programming with Mercy­hurst College, Mercyhurst Preparatory School, the Mercy Center of the Arts, and St. Luke School — all located on the origi­nal 75-acre tract purchased by the Sisters in 1922.

The building was designed by architect Richard Weibel, husband of Mercyhurst alumna Marguerite McLaughlin Weibel.

General contractor for the Mercy Ter­race will be H. Piatt Company of Erie.

Sister M. Gabriel Koch, former treasurer and faculty member at Mercyhurst Col­lege, has been named director of the hous­ing complex. Sister is the founding director of the Mercy Center on Aging and prior to accepting this newest position with the Community, she was the Senior Citizen Advocate for Erie County.

To receive more information on the apartments as they become ready for occu­pancy, write to Sr. Gabriel at the Motherhouse or call 825-0481. Target date for completion of the facility is April of 1987.

Sr. Mary Charles, treasurer of the Sisters of Mercy, is a former professor of chemis­try and physics at Mercyhurst College.

Learning disabilities program established A full-service program for the learning dis­abled college-aged student will be inaugu­rated at Mercyhurst College in the fall.

The range of services to be offered by the new program will include diagnostic testing, individualized educational pro­gramming, special academic advisement, faculty mentoring, tutoring, career and so­cial counseling, and specialized instruc­tional equipment and materials.

The College will implement the new program as a result of numerous requests from various persons in the Erie County community, who believe that learning dis­abled students should not have to leave the area to attend college. In year one, 15 stu­dents will be accepted with first preference given to Erie County residents.

Two earn ROTC honors

Competing with 3,700 United States Army cadets from the eastern coast, two seniors from Mercyhurst enrolled in the Gannon ROTC program were the only stu­dents from Erie area colleges to receive a regular army commission based on their superior performance during summer camp at Ft. Bragg.

Ken Dyer of Cleveland, a hotel-restaurant management and computer sci­ence major, ranked second out of 3,700 cadets and Christine Hoffman of Erie ranked 900th.

Grading during the six-week summer camp in such areas as physical training, land navigation, M-16 rifle qualification, and tactical maneuvers determined their overall ranking.

There are three types of commissions — a reserve army commission, an active duty commission, or the highest and most cov­eted, a regular army commission which both Dyer and Hoffman received.

In addition to summer camp, both stu­dents attended Airborne School, and both are on two-year full tuition scholarships which commit them to four years of active duty in the U.S. Army and at least two years in the reserves.

Ken Dyer, Chris Hoffman.

Hoffman, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C Hoffman of 541 West Gore Road, Erie, is a geology major at Mercyhurst. She will be assigned to the air defense artillery branch following Offi­cers Basic Course training at Ft. Bliss, Texas.

"The competition was unbelievable," ex­plained Hoffman. 'That Ken ranked sec­ond is a real credit to him. Not only were we graded with 3,700 ROTC cadets, but many of them were from military schools such as North Georgia, Virginia Military, and the Citadel. This honor gives us a real opportunity to excel in the Armyf she added.

Dyer will be assigned to supply man­agement at Ft. Lee, Virginia following May commissioning. Ken is the son of Mr. and Mrs. William C. Dyer, 3471 Rocky River Drive, Cleveland.

14 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

ALUMNI NEWS

Alumni support alma mater

A recent survey conducted by "USA Today" revealed that the greatest single reason for contributing to

higher education is loyalty to one's alma mater.

That being the case, Mercyhurst alums are being counted on for their annual con­tribution to the College in the 20th year of alumni giving at Mercyhurst.

Goal of the 20th Fund has been set at $100,000 of which almost one-half or $42,000 was pledged in the College's Feb­ruary Phonathon.

Heading up the 20th year annual giving are co-chairmen Audrey Sitter Hirt '49 and Steve Gutting '72. They were assisted in the phonathon effort by alumni association president Michael Heller '79, and alumni phonathon captain Dario Cipriani '74.

According to Gary L. Bukowski '73, di­rector of development and alumni rela­tions, "Most of the money raised in the phonathon will be used for annual fund scholarships to aid Mercyhurst students in financing their education at the College."

Bukowski said that 1,124 Mercyhurst alumni pledged during this year's phonathon, representing an 8 per cent in­crease over 1985 totals.

Thirty alumni callers were used in the opening night of the Phonathon to set the pace for the student callers to follow. And pace setters they were, bringing in $15,672 night one, that earned them first place hon-

CARLA J. ANDERSON '84

ors as phonathon team champions. . "By involving our graduates in this annu­al fund raising program, we have found that a tremendously competitive tone is set which carries over each night of the two week campaign," Bukowski said. "As the pace setters of the drive, our alumni crew again this year broke every record in Mercyhurst alumni giving, and better yet, they had a great time doing it!"

Contributions to the 20th Alumni Fund must be received by the Alumni Office by June 30, 1986 to be counted toward this year's goal.

Dario Cipriani

Classes to celebrate Members of anniversary classes

ending in a 6 or a 1 will be celebrating Homecoming/Alumni College plan­ned for the last weekend of September '86 at Mercyhurst. It'll be a special re­union for Golden Anniversary class members from 1936, twenty-fifth year celebrants from the Class of '61, and tenth anniversary year members from the Class of '76. Persons from any of the anniversary classes who are inter­ested in writing reunion letters to their classmates, should contact the Alumni Relations Office at (814) 825^0246.

Strength in numbers The record shows that there are

5,682 alumni of Mercyhurst College, and our alumni office has a current ad­dress for 4,507 of us. We hail from all 50 states and 12 foreign countries. So no matter where you live, there's a Mercyhurst alum nearby.

You can find out where your class­mates are and what they are doing by looking them up in the new Mercyhurst Alumni Directory. It's a great little publication and you can still buy one by contacting the Customer Service Department, Bernard C. Har­ris Publishing Company, 3 Barker Ave­nue, White Plains, NY 10601. (Area code 914) 946-7500.

Matthew Whelan

Senior service award presented

The 1986 Sister Carolyn Herr­mann Senior Service Award was presented to Matthew Whelan, a criminal justice major at the College.

The award is presented annually to a graduating senior in recognition of his or her outstanding service to the College or Erie community. Nominated by vote of the faculty, administration, staff and senior class, the award recipient is chosen bv vote of the National Alumni Board.

Matt, whose career plans include law school, is the vice president and special projects coordinator of the Mercyhurst Student Government, assistant to the director of the Col­lege's student union, and captain of the Laker soccer team.

Whelan is a member of Alpha Phi Sigma national criminal justice honor society and the recipient of the 1984 Student Government Service Award. He is a volunteer-soccer coach for the YMCA, St. James School, and a volunteer for Erie Special Olympics. He was also the recipient of the 1985 Project Identification for Pre-School Chil­dren service award.

Matt is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Jo­seph Whelan, 2 Lamar Drive, Denville, New Jersey.

Dates to remember

Homecoming/ Alumni College September 26-28

Parents Weekend October 17-19

SPRING, 1986 15

CLASS NOTES

ALUMNI BOARD ADDS FIVE Five new directors have been added to the Mercyhurst College Alumni Association board. They are (left to right)

Dr. Allan D. Belovarac '73, Mrs. Margaret Mooney Emling '37, and Claudia Englert '82, from Erie; Atty. Kevin J. Rozich '79, Johnstown, PA; and Lance J. Lavrinc '83 Pittsburgh.

BONNIE M. CLARK '84

33 CAROLINE SIBBY NEUBURGER WALKER has retired from the Los Angeles School District where she taught for 20 years at Chase Street School in Panorama City, CA. She now owns a custom ceramics business and is active on the executive board of the Califor­nia Retired Teachers, San Fernando Valley Di­vision. She resides at 1079 E. Walnut Avenue, Burbank, CA 91501.

O / MARGARET J. MC MAHON is retired after being a teacher in Erie, PA for many years. She is president of the Altar-Rosary at St. John's Church. She resides at 20 East 31 Street, Erie, PA 16504.

45 JULIA REAGLE BROWN is a volunteer with Harvard Neighbors, a group which helps foreign professors get settled when they move to the United States. She is also the proud grandmother to five grandchildren. Julia re­sides at 21 South wick Road, Waban, MA.

PEGGY SULLIVAN POLITO is proud to report that her daughter, KATHLEEN POLITO WIRTZ '70 recently gave birth to twins, a boy and a girl. The twins are the 9th and 10th chil­dren for Kathleen and the 20th and 21st grand­children for Peggy! Polito resides at 16616 Claire Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44111.

47 HELEN FABIAN MULLEN was recent­ly honored for twenty years of distinguished service at Robert Morris College in Pittsburgh, PA. She joined the College as a member of the instructional staff of the Department of Ad­ministrative Management in 1965. Through­out the years she held the positions of Director of Admissions, Dean of Admissions and, most recently, as Dean of the School of Continuing Education and Extended Studies. She resides at 31 Lenzman Court, Ambridge, PA 15003.

48 CONSTANCE SCHNEIDER DEAN re­ports that her daughter, Molly, who attends Dickens College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was the first girl to make All-American in swim­ming at that College. Constance and her family reside at 118 Williams Avenue, McMurray, PA 15317,

50 PATRICIA 'PATTI' JACK FESSLER re­tired last May after many years as manager of food operations at the DuPont 4-Star Hotel in Wilmington, DE. Her husband, Bob, also re­

tired from DuPont where he had managed en­ergy operations. The couple is enjoying retirement in Chadds Ford, PA, where they re­side at R. D. #2, Box 68 (Old Orchard Lane), Chadds Ford, PA 19317.

53 PAULA BRUGGER GUERREIN is a so­cial worker at Alpine Manor Nursing Home in Erie. She resides at R.D. 1, Arneman Road, Edinboro, PA 16412.

54 PAULINE SOLIDA TIBERI won first place in a photo contest sponsored by WQED-FM radio in Pittsburgh. Her winning entry was featured in the October "Pittsburgh Magazine." Pauline resides at P.O. Box 614, Ligonier, PA 15658.

56 ROSARIO MORENO, of Colombia, South America, was recently promoted from chief of the finance division to general secre­tary of the CVC, an autonomous regional cor­poration of the Colombian government for the development of the southwest of the country. Rosario resides at Calle 44 Norte, #3-EN-159, Cali, Colombia, South America.

SR. M. DAMIEN MLECHICK is manager of the Communications Center at Mercyhurst College, where she is affectionately referred to as the "voice of Mercyhurst." She has been ac­tive in the Alumni Phonathons for the past two years and last year was named Phonathon "Caller of the Year". Sister resides at the Sisters of Mercy Motherhouse, 444 East Grandview, Erie, PA 16504.

57 MARCIA MEAGHER SHRAMEK com­pleted the master's degree program at Geneseo SUNY in orientation and mobility and teach­ing of the visually impaired. She is an instructor of orientation and mobility with the Rochester Citv School District. She resides at 59 Penbrooke Drive, Penfield, NY 14526.

60 ELIZABETH DORSOGNA KISSEL is a consumer trade specialist with the U.S. De­partment of Commerce in Washington, DC. She works with the Seafood Inspection Pro­gram of the National Marine Fisheries Service. Her oldest child, Brian, will graduate from Loy­ola College in May. Her daughter Cheryl is a sophomore at Old Dominion College and Brett, the youngest, is a senior in high school. Elizabeth resides with her family at 17508 Queen Elizabeth Drive, Olney, MD 20832.

64 RITA CAPPELLO was recently named president of the Erie Airport Authority. She re­sides at 1127 West 21 Street, Erie, PA 16502.

66 MARIE MELONI MINUNNI teaches music in the Lockport, NY area. She is current­ly New York state president for Alpha Delta Kappa International Sorority for Women Edu­cators. At a recent convention in Las Vegas, she was elected to the position of secretary for the International Council of ADK presidents. She resides at 6399 Erna Drive, Lockport, NY 14094.

67 MONICA LOPUSHANSKY BOS-CARINO is a teacher with the New York City Board of Education. In addition to teaching Spanish, she is also Dean of Students at an in­termediate school in Staten Island, New York. She and husband, George, reside at 35 Elizabeth Drive, Oceanport, NJ 07757.

68 MARLENE DITULLIO MOSCO has re­cently accepted the chairmanship for the WQLN-TV 1986 auction which begins on April 19. As general chairman, she is responsi­ble for major gifts solicitation, coordinating a special volunteer force and directing an auc­tion marketing plan. Marlene is also a member of the Board of Corporators of Hamot Health Systems, Inc., the Board of Associates of Mercyhurst College and the Board of Directors of the Boys and Girls Club of Greater Erie. She resides at 3806 Beech Avenue, Erie, PA 16508.

CAMILLE TYCZKOWSKI SCHROECK is the head of the Department of Chemical Research at Lubrizol Corporation and has recently re­turned to school at Ursuline College to acquire secondary teacher certification in biology and chemistry. She resides at 873 E. 331 Street, Eastlake,"OH 44094.

BARBARA KAHL SHUTES was recently named Teacher of the Year for St. Michael School in Greenville, PA. She resides at 57 S. 6th Street, Sharpsville, PA 16150.

SUSAN SUTTO was recently installed as presi­dent of the Greater Erie Board of Realtors for 1986. Suelivesat3112 Madeira Drive, Erie, PA 16506.

16 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

69 THERESH ZUPSIC REESE has recently moved from Albuquerque, NM to East Liver­pool, OH where she is busy putting her home economics skills to use redecorating her new home. She is enjoying being near family and friends again and would like to hear from alumni in the area. She resides at 16213 Park­way Ext., East Liverpool, OH 43920.

70 CHERYL SHUTTS ALBERT and hus­band, John, are the proud parents of Jason Damian Albert, born November 13, 1984. They reside at 11325 Tamarack Road, Water-ford, PA 16441.

ROSE ANN BERKON CATALDI is a kinder­garten teacher in Florida, where her husband is a commander in the U.S. Navy. They have two children, Alina, age 12, and Brian, age 10. They reside at 2045 Sussex Drive, S., Orange Park, FL 32073.

MARY ANN D'URSO REEHER is self em­ployed as a sales manager for Princess House products. She has two daughters, Jessica and Annette, and the family resides at 38 Coal Bank Road, Greenville, PA 16125.

71 EILEEN GREKA BISHOP recently com­pleted a technical degree in computer pro­gramming. She owns her own consulting business, Root Directory, which specializes in accounting systems. She resides at 1230 Gar­dens Avenue, Pt. Pleasant, NJ 08742.

ELLEN HEINRICH MOONEY was recently made principal of St. Patrick School in Erie, PA. She had previously taught at Our Lady Chris­tian School for 14 years. She resides at 2768 East 31 Street, Erie, PA 16510.

RHONDA MAHONEY SCHEMBER and hus­band, Joe, welcomed twins to their family. Jo­seph Scott and Jodi Anne join Vk year old Jaime at home. The family resides at 927 West 22 Street, Erie, PA 16502.

ROCHELLE GEORGE WOODING com­pleted a master of library science degree in April from Northeastern Illinois University. She resides at 700 W. Bittersweet, Chicago, IL 60613.

/ L SHEILA SULLIVAN COON recently re­ceived a promotion to the position of retail ad­vertising manager of the Ithaca Journal. She resides at 834 South Main Street Extension, Groton, NY 13073.

REBECCA PERRY KALISTA teaches Spanish at Villa Maria Academy in Erie. She is also chairman of the language department. Rebecca resides at 114 East 35 Street, Erie, PA 16504.

/ i ALLAN BELOVARAC has been named director of the history and political science de­partment at Mercyhurst College. He has been named to the board of directors of the Erie Mu­seum Authority and elected treasurer of the Presque Isle Yacht Club. In addition, Allan also serves in the U.S. Naval Reserve as an intelli­gence analyst at the Naval Air Facility in De­troit, MI. Allan and his wife, Lee Pitonyak Belovarac '74, are the parents of a second son Brendan Joseph born February 9. The Belovaracs reside at 637 East 31 Street, Erie, PA 16504.

GARY L. BUKOWSKI was re-elected to his third term on Erie County Council in Novem­

ber. He also is serving as chairman for County Council for 1986. Gary resides at 4210 Briggs Avenue, Erie, PA 16504.

THOMAS FRANK and wife, Mary Jane, re­cently welcomed a new son, Patrick John, to their family. They reside at 603 N. Pine Street, Mount Prospect, IL 60056.

DAVID HORVATH received a groundbreaking grant from the Smithsonian Institution, Na­tional Museum Act, to conduct a survey of his­torical photographic negatives to study deterioration and preservation. David resides at 1308 Hepburn Avenue, Louisville, KY 40204.

DIERDRE KLICK has accepted a new position as travel consultant for North Coast Travel in Erie. She resides at 705 Connecticut Drive, Erie, PA 16505.

DENICE MANUS is completing work on a doctorate in education at the Indiana Universi­ty of Pennsylvania. She resides in Erie at 4326 Carney Avenue 16510.

WANDA ANDERSON SALVIA has passed the oral and written exams to receive her Penn­sylvania certification as a school psychologist. She resides at 5304 Heidt Avenue, Erie, PA 16509.

74 ROBERT BECK and wife, Kathleen, welcomed a second son, Steven, to their family. Bob is the president of R.J. Beck Protective Sys­tems, Inc. He resides at 208 State Rte 61, East, Norwalk, OH 44857.

RUSSELL FELIX married Christine Murray in June of 1985. He is employed by the IRS in Pittsburgh. He resides at 839 5th Street, Vero­na, PA 15147.

PATRICIA ZIMMER HOFFMAN teaches home economics at Union City High School in Union City, PA. She and husband, William, are the new parents of a baby daughter, Gabrielle Rhea. They reside at 703 East Street, Water-ford, PA 16441.

MARIA KANICKI JOHNSON received her master's degree in elementary education from Edinboro Universitv in 1981. She is at home caring for four pre-schoolers, Elizabeth, age 5, Matthew, age 4, and 21 -month-old twins, Dan­iel and Benjamin. She and husband, Bob, reside at 226 Euclid Ave., Erie, PA 16511.

WILLIAM A. KECH and wife, Carla, are the proud parents of a new baby girl, Ashley Rae. Bill has been promoted to national sales man­ager of Federated-Fry Metals. He resides at 2606 Lark Avenue, Altoona, PA 16602.

ART OLIGERI and wife, RUTH GLEISNER OLIGERI '17, have opened a new family shoe store in the West Erie Plaza in Erie. The busi­ness, Marshall Shoes, carries a wide variety of brands for the entire family. The Oligeris reside at 4434 Elmwood Avenue, Erie, PA 16509.

Rosario Moreno Sr. M. Damien

LINDA MAZZOTTA RAKVIC is president of the Greater Monroeville Chamber of Com­merce. She was recently elected to the Pennsyl­vania Chamber of Commerce executives board of directors. In addition, Linda has completed four years of a six-year program in organiza­tional management at the University of Dela­ware. As if that weren't enough to keep her busy, she also serves on the boards of the Mon­roeville Visitors and Convention Bureau and the Monroeville Enterprise Corporation. She is also on advisory committees for the Gateway School District equity program and the Alle­gheny County Health Department and is a board member of Allegheny County Mental Health/Mental Retardation. Linda resides at 170 Woodstone Lane, New Kensington, PA 15068.

GEORGIANA "GIGI" RUDELLA issupervisor of the Computer Graphic Art Department for Accu-Weather, Inc. Accu-Weather serves cli­ents worldwide and is the largest private weather firm in North America. They provide graphics to television stations across the na­tion, including feeds to the CBS and ABC net­works. She resides at 620 Toftrees Avenue, Apt. 258, State College, PA 16503.

GEORGETTE URGO SCHRIEFER has been a teacher in the Millcreek School District for twelve years. She is currently teaching first grade. She and husband, Bob, recently became parents of their second son, Brent Michael. They reside at 4809 Wood Street, Erie, PA 16509.

MARILYN 11IRT WELSH has been named ad­ministrator of Resident Services at Oakmont Presbyterian Home in Oakmont, PA. She is also a member of the Pennsylvania Adult Day Care Organization and is a licensed nursing home administrator.

75 MARY ROSE KALISTA DURKIN was recently promoted to chief clinical dietitian at Holy Spirit Hospital in Camp Hall, PA. She also instructs weight control classes as part of the wellness program at St. Joseph Hospital in Lancaster, PA, and is a nutrition consultant for Internal Medicine Associates of Lancaster. She resides at 3062 Holbein Drive, Lancaster, PA 17601.

BONNIE YOST, registrar at Mercyhurst Col­lege, married Gregory Hall on Valentine's Day '86.

76 SALLY SCHISMENOS BAUM-GARDNER and husband are celebrating the birth of their first child, a baby girl, Michelle Ann. Sally resides at 24336 Fordson Highwav, Dearborn Heights, MI 48127.

SUSAN CAMPFIELD was married in January to Al Zelinski. She resides at 19 Southwood Drive, Old Bridge, NJ 08857.

Rita Cappello Marie Mimtmii

SPRING, 1986 17

JOSEPH COOK was named 1984 Baseball Coach of the Year in Oklahoma by the Oklaho­ma Baseball Coaches Association. More re­cently he was named 1986 Coach of Sooner State Games. He resides at 1932 NW 17th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73106.

JOSEPH DOLAN and wife are the parents of a new baby boy, Joseph Edward. Joe is still teaching and has also started a deli business on the side. The Dolans reside at 111 S. Sharp Av­enue, Glenolden, PA 19036.

JOHN DONOFRIO has opened a new office for the private practice of law at 723 Main Street, Suite 911, Houston, TX 77002. He re­sides at 1224 Barkdull, Houston, TX 77006.

MICHAEL P. DOUGAN was married on Sep­tember 7,1985, to Diane M. Peasley. The wed­ding took place at Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Erie.

DAN HILL is now affiliated with the law firm of Quinn, Gent, Buseck& Leemhuis, Inc., 1400 G. Daniel Baldwin Building, Erie, PA 16501. Dan resides at 11441 East Middle Road in North East, PA 16428.

DEBRA MATTES-KULIG was recently hon­ored as Young Dietitian of the Year by the Vir­ginia Dietetic Association. She was also elected to the position of treasurer of the Consulting Nutritionists Practice Group of the American Dietetic Association and is president of the Northern District Virginia Dietetic Associa­tion. Debra, her husband, and their two-year-old daughter, Allison, moved into a new home in 1985. Thev reside at 5205 Richardson Drive, Fairfax, VA 22032.

DEBRA MICHAELS SARDINI was wed last October to Arthur M. Sardini, III. The wedding took place at St. Jude the Apostle Catholic Church in Erie.

JAY SCALISE was recently promoted to man­ager of marketing support programs at Ameri­can Sterilizer Company in Erie. He is responsible for organizing and implementing all convention activities and for equipment in the display area. Jay also does graphics and lay­out work for AMSCO. Prior to his promotion, Jay served as a buyer/planner for the company. He resides at 3128 Zimmerly Road, Erie, PA 16506.

DAVID J. WALACH is working as an entertain­er at Chez-Est Lounge in Hartford, CT, and also at Avon Old Farms Inn in Avon, CT He com­bines both piano and vocal talents in his shows. David has been in the entertainment field since 1980. He resides at 360 Laurel Street, Apt. 102, Hartford, CT 06105.

77 The husband and wife team of ROSE­MARY D. DURKIN, ESQ. and JEFFREY M. BEST has been named to the President's Board of Associates of Mercyhurst College. Rose­mary received her Juris Doctorate from Case Western Reserve University School of Law in 1980 and practices with the firm of Knecht, Rees, Meyer, Mekedis & Shumaker in Cleve­land, OH. Jeffrey is the President of Jeffrey M. Best Associates, Inc. in Richmond Heights, OH. The couple reside at 440 Richmond Park Estate, #217C, Richmond Heights, OH 44143.

DANIEL L. FOLEY was a substitute teacher in the Titusville, Oil City and Cranberry area schools and coached an undefeated Oil City J V

Susan Sutto Arthur OUgeri

football team last year. He now owns the Grin-Inn, located one-half mile from Cross Creek Resort in Titusville, PA. The Inn features the tri-county's best live rock and roll bands every Friday and Saturday night. Dan resides at R.D. #3, Box 280, Titusville, PA 16354.

DANIEL L. HEDLUND, O.D., has begun an optometric practice at 1344 West 38th Street in Erie. He graduated with honors from the Penn­sylvania College of Optometry in 1982 where he received an Alumni Association award for outstanding scholarship.

JUDY MAHONEY STREICH and husband, Dennis, recently welcomed a new daughter, Heather Therese, born November 8, 1985. Judy works as a dental hygienist and Dennis is a dentist in Tempe, AZ. The family will be mak­ing a trip to Pennsylvania in May to see Judy's brother, John, graduate from Mercyhurst. (He is the 6th and last Mahoney to graduate from the College!). She resides at 9605 S. 48 Street, Phoenix, AZ 85044.

/ O CYNTHIA BYHAM-PERFETT and husband recently welcomed a new baby daughter, Amy Elizabeth. Cvnthia resides at R.D. 1, Box 304, Conneaut Lake, PA 16316.

ROBERT DUBIK and wife TERESA FIUMARA DUBIK '77, are the parents of a new son, Coy Robert. Bob teaches elementary education/ special education with the Syracuse School District. They reside at 361 Vallev Drive, Syra­cuse, NY 13206.

JOHN B. LICHACZ is working as a law clerk for Judge Richard Nygaard. He resides at 1410 West 11 Street, Erie, PA 16502.

LISA MANENDO MOREY was wed on Sep­tember 2, 1985, to Randall Morey of North East, PA. She is employed as administrative as­sistant to the president of Vencompass, Inc. Judy and husband reside at 3529 Washington Avenue, Erie, PA 16508.

JOSEPH PACINELLI has been appointed human resources manager at Elgin Electronics. He is responsible for all personnel relations for Elgin's plants in Erie and Waterford, PA, and Durham, NC. He resides at 2428 Bird Drive, Erie, PA 16510.

M. JEAN BUNDY URASH has been named field representative and government mortgage loan officer at the First National Bank of Penn­sylvania. Her responsibilities include develop­ing a new department devoted to FHA/VA government insured mortgage lending. She re­sides at 1227 Ardmore Avenue, Erie, PA 16505.

ROBIN WINDROW was promoted last April to the position of manager of financial plan­ning at Canada Dry International. She resides at 113 Grove Street, Stamford, CT 06902.

Rosemary Durkin Jeffrey Best

79 LESLIE ELLER BARRELL has accepted a new position as a graphic designer with Mari­on Bass Securities Corporation in Charlotte, NC. She resides at 639 Crater Street, Charlotte, NC 28205.

MARIANNE DRAKE BORRELLI and her hus­band recently welcomed a baby son, Eric Christopher. Marianne and family live at 111 Roxborough Road, Rochester, NY 14619.

RONALD COLEMAN and his wife are the happy new parents of Dustin Jeffreys. Ron and family reside at 1334 West 30 Street, Erie, PA 16508.

EILEEN QUINLAN D'AMICO and husband welcomed a new baby boy, Daniel Patrick, to their family. Eileen works for J.C. Penney as an airline reservationist for People Express. She resides at 4223 Dunkeld Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15201.

JOANN DE SANTIS has been promoted to corporate loss prevention director for Carlisle Retailers, Inc., of Ashtabula, OH. She is re­sponsible for protection of assets among nine stores and corporate offices. She resides at 5721 Carriage Hill Drive, #5, Erie, PA 16509.

ALINE DEYOT FRACASSI and husband, David, added a new member to their family, daughter Kara Marie, born September 22, 1985. They reside at 1440 East 36 Street, Erie, PA 16504.

JANET GUBISH GLOVER and husband, Mi­chael, are rejoicing over the birth of their son, Andrew. Janet and familv reside at 364 East 37 Street, Erie, PA 16504.

PAUL J. HUBER left his position with the Tampa Police Department to join Allstate In­surance Company as a casualty investigator. In addition, he and wife, Diane, recently wel­comed a daughter, Miranda Jean, to their fami­ly. They reside at 6903 Spanish Moss Crescent, Tampa, FL 33625.

CAROLYN P. KOMO and husband are the par­ents of a new daughter, Michelle. The family resides at 1151 Western Lane, Erie, PA 16505.

SCOTT L. KUNKEL is employed as superin­tendent of laboratory services at Commercial Testing and Engineering Company in Chicago. He resides at 294 Mohawk Street, Park Forest, IL 60466.

MAUREEN MC CAFFERTY is the art director at Chelsea House Publishing Company. She resides at 56 S. Morton Avenue, Morton, PA 19070.

JANET ARTUHEVICH MILLER is owner/ operator of Aerobics Unlimited at 2224 West 8th Street in Erie. She is also the owner of Tony Sabella's Pizza & Catering on State Street in Erie. She resides at 2932 Willowood Drive, Erie, PA 16506.

18 MERCYIIURST MAGAZINE

Mercyhurst's 20th Alumni Fund is in hands of alumni leaders (left to right) Audrey Sitter Hirt '49 and Stephen E. Gutting '72.

JAMES M. PASKERT and wife, PATRICIA SMITH '77 are the parents of Joshua, born De­cember 10, 1982. They reside at 4680 Silverdale Road, North Olmsted, OH 44070.

LISA PARLAVECCHIO SALADA was mar­ried in October, 1985, to Donald Salada. She works as a medical assistant/secretary for Dennis S. Parlavecchio, M.D. She resides at Treasure Lake, San Juan Road, Box 654, DuBois, PA 15801.

PHYLLIS PIEFFER TOMAYKO and her hus­band are the parents of Brian Christopher, born March 23,1984. They reside at 270 E. 262 Street, Cleveland, OH 44132.

80 ANGELA MANDO BROOKS was mar­ried on October 5, 1985, to Bryan Andrew Brooks. The wedding took place at Our Lady of Peace Catholic Church in Erie. She works as a gymnastic coordinator at the YWCA.

CORRINE HALPERIN was recently appoint­ed program director for the Erie Area Business and Labor Council where she is responsible for educational programs and seminars. She re­sides at 2948 Willowood Drive, Erie, PA 16506.

GORDON KARSTEDT and wife, AMY BLOOD KARSTEDT '80, are the parents of a new baby daughter, Ellen Elizabeth. The fami­ly resides at 48 Brendel Avenue, Hamburg, NY 14075.

GREGORY J. KURT was recently married to Remona L. Martin. The wedding took place at St. James Catholic Church in Erie. Greg is a sales representative at Consolidated Freightway in Grand Prairie, TX.

KATHLEEN BOWEN LOPER is a teacher at Westlake Middle School in Millcreek. She re­sides at 3408 Pittsburgh Avenue, Erie, PA 16508.

MARK RICHERT and wife, Janice, are the new parents of a baby son, Benjamin Mark. The Richerts reside at 7829 Hamilton Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15208.

CYNTHIA E SOPHER has relocated to Char­lotte, NC to work at Electronic Data Systems, a local company which recently merged with General Motors. Cindy resides at 839 Sealeybark, Apt. 61, Charlotte, NC 28204.

MELANIE R. TITZEL will graduate in May, 1986, from Penn State University with a mas­ter's degree in recreation and parks and a con­centration in gerontology. She is currently working at Battersby Convalescent Center as recreation director. She resides at 2911 Logan Drive, Erie, PA 16506.

ROBERT J. TOBIN and wife, PATTY MARCHWINSKI TOBIN '83, recently wel­comed a new son, Robert Daniel. They reside at 127B Waldon Road, Abingdon, MD 21009.

O 1 KENNETH B. CHAPIN is a music teacher at the Learning Center Division of the Dr. Gertrude Barber Center in Erie. He resides at 1138 Atkins Street, Erie, PA 16503.

CHRISTINE MC CLOSKEY EACHO and her husband, Louis, moved to Alexandria, VA, last May. She recently accepted a position with the Alexandria Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court. As part of her duties, she will be devel­oping a volunteer program at the court. She re­sides at 5442 Taney Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22304.

BARBARA SMILO MILEWSKI is supervisor of housekeeping departments for both the Best Western and El Patio motels in Erie. She is em­ployed by Inn Services, Inc., which also oper­ates the Avalon Inn, in Warren, OH. She resides at 110 Hill Road, Erie, PA 16508.

ROBERT WILLIAMS and BRIDGET A. BECK WILLIAMS '80, are the parents of a second child, Meghan Bridget. They reside at 970 Elizabeth Drive, Lancaster, OH 43130.

83

82 SCOTT BARRINGER is a health plan­ner with the Department of Health for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He resides at 660 Boas, Apt. 1421, Harrisburg, PA 17102.

CLAUDIA ENGLERT has been named assist­ant manager of First National Bank, Kearsarge Community Banking Center. She is vice presi­dent of marketing for the Erie Chapter of the American Institute of Banking, first vice presi­dent of the Erie Chapter of the National Asso­ciation of Bank Women, and a member of the Leadership Development Committee of the Junior League of Erie. She resides at 911 Weschler Avenue, Erie, PA 16502

KELLEY ANN WELSH GLASS was married to Matthew D. Glass on October 12, 1985, at Christ the King chapel of Mercyhurst College. She is an operating room technician at Harriot Medical Center.

DENISE JONES is district sales manager for the Howard Johnson Company. Her territory includes western New York and northwestern Pennsylvania. She is responsible for promo­tion of corporate and group sales. Denise re­sides at 1056 West 6 Street, Erie, PA 16507.

CHRISTOPHER J. MEYERS has been promot­ed to supervisor, land representative II, in the Land & Legal Department of National Fuel Gas Distribution Corporation in Erie. He is respon­sible for lease, right-of-way, and roadway ac­quisitions for oil and gas exploration and for coal exploration throughout Pennsylvania and New York states. He resides at 2510 Cranberrv Street, Erie, PA 16502.

Marilyn Welsh Mary Rose Durkin

BRIAN J. CHURCH will complete his master's degree in human resource manage­ment at LaRoche College, Pittsburgh, PA, in May. He is engaged to marry SALLY ANN LONG '83. A May, 1986 wedding is planned at Christ the King Chapel. He resides at 44 Maple Court, Pittsburgh, PA 15237.

ELAINE ZASADA FLICK was married to Richard M. Flick last summer. Thev reside at P.O. Box 249, Hornell, NY 14843.

JEFFREY P. KIME received his masters degree in special education from Nazareth College in Rochester last May. He is teaching emotionally handicapped students in the Rochester City School District. He resides at 3 Greenwood Street, Rochester, NY 14608.

ROBERT R. MILLER works for Adelphi Vil­lage, Evergreen House as a resident counselor for juvenile delinquents in Indiana, PA. He re­sides at 200 Lawsonham Street, R.D. #1 , Rimersburg, PA 16248.

DEBRA ANN BROWN NEUGEBAUER was married to Timothy Neugebauer on October 19, 1985, at Saint Peter Cathedral. She is a teacher at South Hills Day Care Center.

PATRICK PAPARELLI has been promoted to the position of employee benefits consultant at First National Bank of PA. He is responsible for over 250 pension plan and profit sharing ac­counts, as well as IRA rollover and self-employed retirement programs. He resides at 1826 Cherry Street, Erie, PA 16502.

JAMES STEEN '83 and COLETTE FUSCO STEEN '83 were married on November 16, 1985. Colette is a dietitian at Armstrong Coun­ty Hospital. They reside at 104'A Brilliant Ave­nue, Aspinwall, PA 18415.

MARY B. TOMICH is a district sales represent­ative covering the tri-state area for Pilot Air Freight in Pittsburgh. She resides at 2336 Cramden Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15241.

84 JUDY A. CUSIMANO recently com­pleted a master's degree in mental health and school counseling at St. Bonaventure Universi­ty. She resides at 26V2 West Main Street, Allegany, NY 14760.

BETH ANNE DOW is working as a social worker in the Department of Aging at Catholic Charities of Buffalo, New York. She was re­cently inducted into the Junior Chamber of Commerce of Buffalo. Beth resides at 78 Glen-dale Drive, Tonawanda, NY 14150.

GARY KEENAN is a second-year law student at the University of Houston Law School. He was recently initiated into Phi Delta Phi legal fraternity. He resides at 5993 Allday, Unit D, Houston, TX 77036.

Christopher Meyers Conine Halperin

.

SPRING, 1986 19

MONICA KLOS has accepted a position as a sales and marketing manager with Para Medi­cal Sales & Rentals, Inc., a home health care company in Pittsburgh, PA. She resides at 110 Valley View Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15215.

JOHN KUHL is assistant manager of food serv­ice at the University of Rochester. He resides at 225 Alexander Street, Apt. #1, Rochester, NY 14607.

JOSEPH IL MARKIEWICZ was recently mar­ried to Terri L. Garrity at Sarah Hearn Memori­al Presbyterian Church in Erie. He is an investigator with the P. J. Schmitt Co., Inc.

WILLIAM NELSON has completed his mas­ter's degree in human resource management at La Roche College in Pittsburgh. He is employed by the Department of Education as a personnel management specialist in Washington, DC. He resides at 816 A 3rd St., SW, Washington, DC 20024.

MARIA SANTANGELO is a vocational spe­cialist for Centers For Innovative Training and Education of Montgomery County, PA. She re­sides at 1036 West Lafayette Street, Norris-town, PA 19401. Maria will be returning to the Peace Corps in Nepal in March for another two years.

BRENT SCARPO is studying at the Acting Academy in California. He would like to hear from Mercyhurst friends. He resides at 1536 N. Dominion Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91104.

MICHAEL SCHELLHAMMER was recently promoted to 1st Lt. with the U. S. Army. He is a tow platoon leader with the 3/187th Infantry and is stationed at 101 Airborne Division, Ft. Campbell, KY He and wife, KAREN GENS SCHELLHAMMER '84, reside at 251 Patrick Street, #10, Clarksville, TN 37040.

DEBBIE DIXON STEINER was recently mar­ried to John Steiner. She is food service director with WTTW — Saga Corporation. She resides at 550 Pleasant Run, Apt. C, Wheeling, IL 60090.

MARY BETH WALSH is catering manager at the University of Rochester. She resides at 39 W. Squire Drive, Rochester, NY 14623.

MARK R. WILLETT recently married Cynthia A. Lucas. After spending a short time on active duty in the U.S. Army, Mark settled in Florida where he became a partner in a real estate ap­praising company. He is working on his general contractor's license. Mark resides at 4401 S. Hopkins Avenue, Titusville, FL 32780.

1985 Grads — Making their mark NAAZ ALIKHAN is employed at Beco Interi­ors in Erie, PA, as an interior designer.

GLEN W. ALLEN, JR., is a case manager with Specialized Treatment Services of Mercer, PA.

MICHAEL ALLEN is a 2nd Lt. with the U.S. Army stationed in Honolulu, HI.

TINA ANDRAKO recently married Mark Tomczak. She is corporate sales manager of the Lakeside Holiday Inns in Cleveland, OH.

WILLIAM G. BALL is attending Duquesne Law School in Pittsburgh, PA.

DIANA BARR is a manager trainee with the Marriott Corporation in Chicago, IL.

4&

Debbie Steiner •

Brent Scarpa

STEVEN BOROWSKI is a sales representative with Nabisco Brands, Inc., Amherst, NY.

MICHELE MCINTYRE BOUTWELL is teach­ing grades 6-8 at St. Thomas School in Corry, PA.

BROOKE BUZARD is employed as a facilities planner at Erie Insurance Group in Erie, PA.

KATHERINE CLARK is a special education teacher with the Erie School District in Erie, PA.

MICHAEL CLARK is a counselor at Perseus House, Inc., in Spartansburg, PA.

RODNEY COFFIELD is employed at Bambergers in Baltimore, MD, as an investigator.

TERRENCE G. COLVIN is assistant manager at Forest Hills Athletic Club in Erie, PA.

NICHOLAS DAVIDSON is a court investiga­tion officer with the Washington County Juve­nile Probation Department in Washington, PA.

ELAINE FERKO is employed as a master scheduler at General Electric Company, Erie, PA.

STEPHEN j . FIEDLER is a staff accountant/ auditor at Arthur Anderson & Company in Cleveland, OH.

MARK FISCHER is kitchen manager at Mercyhurst Preparatory School in Erie, PA.

THOMAS B. HANNA is a staff geologist at Fred C. Hart & Associates, Pittsburgh, PA.

KATHY HEALY is a health inspector at the Bloomingdale Board of Health in Bloomingdale, NJ, and is also attending Mont-clair College part time studying environmental management.

KELLE JOHNSTON is employed at Hamot Medical Center, Erie, PA, as a registered nurse.

SUSAN IMBURGIA JONES is banquet coordi­nator at the Center One Hotel and Conference Center in Cleveland, OH.

MARLENE JUDGE is a clinical dietitian at South Chicago Community Hospital in Chica-go, IL.

DANIEL KELLY is a graduate student at Mercyhurst College in police science/ security.

REBECCA KESSLER is a graduate student in clinical psychology at Edinboro University, Edinboro, PA.

JOSEPH LENNON is a manager with Marriott Hotels in Chicago, IL.

PATTY PRESUTTILEUSCHEN is a casework­er with G.E.C.A.C. in Erie, PA.

Brooke Buzard Joseph McGraiu

THOMAS MARCONI is pursuing his MBA at Gannon University, Erie, PA.

ROBERT MARIANO is a restaurant manager with Pizza Time of NY in Rochester, NY

MARK MARUCA is a counselor with G.E.C.A.C. in Erie, PA.

HEIDI MAY married Todd McLallen. She is employed as a special education teacher with the Fort LeBoeuf School District in Waterford, PA.

BARBARA M AZZONE is a social worker at the Mental Health Clinic of Ashtabula, OH.

KIMBERLY MC CLEARY is a manager trainee at Fashion Bug in Clarion, PA.

JOSEPH MC GRAW is a graduate student at University of Pittsburgh Law School in Pitts­burgh, PA.

JAMES MOOMAW is a family counselor with the Berkshire Farm Center and Services for Youth in Rochester, NY.

HALLEY MORTON is a school teacher at Blessed Sacrament School in Norfolk, VA.

DEBORAH MYERS is a full-time graduate student at Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, NY.

MAUREEN O'HARA is a sales coordinator at Ramada Inn, Erie, PA.

MARY ANN LEOFSKY PCOLAR is a regis­tered nurse at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, NC.

SHERRY PUTNAM is a graduate student in athletic training at Western Michigan Universi­ty in Kalamazoo, MI.

KENNETH ROHLER married Sandra L. Walburn. He is employed as a manager trainee for Adams Drug Corporation in Erie, PA.

Deceased Margaret Hungiville Satterwhite '30 Nora Irene Forquer Bracket '34 Margery Potter Nix '36 Richard Kleindinst, husband of Betty Taylor

Kleindist '37 and father of Ann Kleindinst Abbate '65

Althea Roepke DeNicola '46 Elizabeth Naples Dent '61 Eleanor Brown Jablonski, mother of Sister

Mary Dolores Jablonski, RSM '63 Lois H. Dahlkemper, mother of Mary Ellen

Dahlkemper Razanauskas '73 Francis G. Slater, father of Rosemary Slater '74

Donald E. Lindemann, husband, and Donald Paul Joseph Lindemann, son of Joan Berry Lindemann '45

20 MERCYHURST MAGAZINE

STAYING IN THE BALLGAME

P rivate colleges must develop new ways of raising money in the future, or they will find tui­

tion costs pricing them right out of the ballgame.

At Mercyhurst we believe we've found one solution to this dilemma by encouraging alumni, benefactors, and friends of the College to consider in­vesting in Two-fold Charitable Giving.

This unique program enables a per­son to give out of income rather than wealth. It is called Two-Fold Charita­ble Giving because it can benefit both an institution such a Mercyhurst, as well as the donor's family.

Other colleges and universities uti­lizing this same program concept are Duke University, Clarion State Univer­sity St. John's College, the University of Alabama School of Medicine and Vanderbilt University School of Medi­cine.

Here's how it works Using a specially leveraged life in­

surance instrument, you, as the donor, make a maximum of five annual pre­

mium payments. In turn, your gift to Mercyhurst College would come from life insurance cash values not from your own pocket.

Over the next 20 years, you would be able to give Mercyhurst (and tax de­duct) from up to two to three times the amount of your total premium.

Example Donor: Policy:

Annual Premium;

Male 40 non-smoker $60,000 insurance policy on donor's life

$1,570

Results in 20 Years: GIFT TO Mercyhurst: $22,600 Total Cost To Donor after taxes: 48,546*

DONOR LIFE INSURANCE IN FORCE IN 20 YEARS $63,920

*This figure represents total premiums paid plus interest on the loans from the cash value, minus the tax savings gener­ated from gifts to Mercyhurst and loan deducted.

This is just an example not a complete illustration. An alternate to this plan

shows a reduced total gift to Mercyhurst with the donor regaining the sums paid with interest, and with­out losing tax deductions taken. Be­cause of the flexibility of the plan, a personalized program can be designed especially for you.

Some important points to remember • Life insurance, purchased under a tax

leveraged Two-Fold Charitable Giv­ing program, could become a source of regular donations to Mercyhurst.

• You pay premiums for a maximum of five years, and then you are finished with them. However, your tax de­ductible gifts go on and on.

• You provide life insurance protection for your family.

• Your gift comes from life insurance cash values, not your pocket.

• Unlike traditional philanthropy through life insurance, the longer you live, the more you give.

To obtain an illustration designed es­pecially for you, complete the form below and return it to our Develop­ment Office.

Two-Fold Charitable Giving J am interested in receiving a policy illustration. Contact me at:

Name

Address

City State Zip

Telephone

I smoke cigarettes

Date of Birth

Yes No

Mail to: Development Office, Mercyhurst College, Erie, PA 16546

Address Correction Requested Non-Profit

Organization U.S. Postage

PAID Erie, PA

Permit No. 10

Mercyhurst College Glenwood Hills Erie, Pennsylvania 16546