Memory (1).pptx

8/10/2019 Memory (1).pptx

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Memory


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What is Memory?

Memoryis our ability to encode, store, retain andsubsequently recall information and past experiencesin the human brain. Memory makes us. If we couldn'trecall the who's, what's, where's, and when's of oureveryday lives, we'd never be able to manage. We

mull over ideas in the present with our short-term (orworking) memory, while we store past events andlearned meanings in our long-term (episodic orsemantic) memory.


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Meme and MemoryExperiences that stay in the unconscious mind arecalled Mneme.

Experiences that are retained in the conscious world

may be termed as memory.Memory consists retaining and remembering what haspreviously been learnt.

Memory means conservation of experience so that

the past affects actions in the present.


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Hemispheres Of BrainEach hemisphere of the brain functions like twodifferent personalities with their own way of processinginformation. The left brain thinks methodically and likesto organize and categorize information from the

environment. It connects new information with old,making sense of our world.

This contrasts with the right brain which "thinks"holistically in pictures. The right learns kinesthetically

through the body and functions with the present. It'sthe right brain that's responsible in counseling forbringing in our awareness to the present.


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Left and Right Brain Functions


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Other Important Right

Brain Functions Tone of voice Facial expression

Gestures

Posture Intensity of response

Autobiographical Memory (remembering yourBirthday, significant events)

Map of the body (only on this side) Stress Management


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Difference Between Left

And Right Brain The left brain connects our internal world to our externalworld giving us that feeling of being separate from one

another. It's the left brain that gives us the sense of "I

am".

The right brain is that part of our brain that connects us

to each other. In counseling, it's the right brain that gives

us the feeling that our therapist is attuned to us.

Note:- Whatever that part of the brain which sends this

type of information is the same part of the brain thatreceives it. And, for our purposes it's also important to know

that the right hemisphere functioning is the first area of the

brain to develop. The left hemisphere develops later.


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Factors Affecting MemoryThe factors that influence learning process can becategorized into two, which are internal and externalfactor. Internal factors are such factors like theenvironment, relationship, context

reward/purnishment and methods. However, internalfactors include perception, emotion, attitude, ability.motivation and memory.

Memory ability does change with age. Agingchanges the brain and therefore memory ability. This is

normal (provided there are no underlying medicalconditions) and is referred to as "age-related" memorychange.


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Marks Of Good Memory The rapidity with which the power of recalling

an experience is acquired; The length of time during which the power of

remembering lasts without being refreshed; The rapidity and accuracy of the actual revival.

Serviceableness, or in other words the readinesswith which it reproduces what is relevant to theprevailing interest of the moment.


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Memorizing Techniques1. Organize- List facts in alphabetical or chronologicalorder. Get a general idea of the textbook material, notethe simple to complex and general to specific. Logicalfacts are easier to remember.

2. Make It Meaningful- Look for connections in what youare studying. For example, packing a parachute by itselfcan be boring, however, the excitement of jumping out ofa plane gives a whole new meaning to this process.Focusing on the "Big Picture" helps provide meaning to thelearning process and stimulates us to remember.

3. Create Associations- Associate something new withsomething you already know. This creates a buildingprocess in your memory bank. If you already know a BillSmith think of the Bill you know and associate him with thenew Bill Smith.


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4. Learn It Actively- People remember 90 percent of what

they do, 75 percent of what they see and 20 percent of

what they hear. This saying is very accurate, as action is a

proven memory enhancer. Move your hands, pace backand forth and use gestures as you recite a passage. If your

body is actively involved it will help you to remember.

5. Relax- Eating proper foods, avoiding caffeine before an

exam and getting proper exercise will help you relax andfeel more confident. Relaxing will enhance your ability to

recall facts faster, with more clarity, and you will feel better

overall.

6. Create Pictures- Draw diagrams, make up cartoons. Use

them to connect facts and illustrate relationships. Whenabstract concepts can be "seen" they are much easier to

remember. You can be as creative as you want, as long as

you understand your scribble.


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7. Recite and Repeat- When you repeat something out

loud you anchor the concept better by using two or more

of your senses. Repetition is the "Mother" of learning. If you

use more than one sense you create a "synergistic" effectwhich is powerful memory technique. If you recite out loud

in your own words, memory is enhanced even more!

8. Write It Down - Writing notes to ourselveshelp us to

remember. If we write down an idea or a passage several

times, in different areas, we increase our chances to

remember.

9. Reduce Interference- Find an area free from distractions.

Studies show that most students study more effectively in a

quiet area in 1 hour than in a noisy area in 2 hours.10. Over-learn - When you think you got it dont quit. Dont

miss a chance to review just one more time. Ever hear the

expression "I beat that subject to death!" Do It!


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11. Review Notes the Same Day - Studies prove that inorder for us to store information "long term" it must bereviewed within 24 hrs. or less. By getting in the habit of

same day review, we increase the chances ofremembering by over 70 percent!

12. Use Daylight- This method is particularly effective forweekend study and review. Study the most difficult subjectsduring daylight hours. For many students the early morning

hours can be especially productive and will stimulate thememory process.

13. Distribute Learning- Research suggest marathon studysessions (3 hrs. or more) are not as effective as light studysessions (1-2 hrs.) which are distributed at different times

during the week. Take frequent breaks. Some students canstudy 50 minutes or more, others need to stop after 30minutes. Try to distribute your length of study in the samerhythm as your classes (50/10/50). Give yourself rewards,youve earned it!


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14. Keep a Positive Attitude- Studies prove that if you repeat toyourself negative feelings about a subject you increase yourchances to fail! Since we all want to succeed, "Trash negative"and replace with "Positive Thoughts." For example, replace "Icant do it" with "Its not easy, but I am tough and I accept thischallenge." Prove you can and you will! This is a self-fulfilling

prophecy as attitude directly effects the memory!15. Go On an "Information Diet" - Just as we avoid certain foods,we can choose what not to retain. Extract core concepts, studywhat you will be tested on, abbreviate large passages ofinformation into easy to digest phrases, this will help youremember.

16. Combine Memory Techniques- All of the memory techniqueswork better when combined. You can over learn a formula, singabout a famous person, think positive thoughts about subjects,use sight, sound, and other methods to sharpen your memory.


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17. Remember Something Else- When you are stuck and cantremember, think of something related to the information. Forexample if you cannot remember a name, think about what theperson did, what period they lived or who they associated with.Write down what you do know and soon it will trigger facts that youare trying to recall. This technique really works!

18. Note When You Dont Remember - If you tried some memorytechniques that do not seem to work, its all-right. Try an experimentwith other techniques and use what is best for you and not whatworks for a classmate. Be a reporter, get the facts, find out whatworks and what doesnt. Congratulate and reward yourself whenyou do remember.

19. Use It Before You Loose It- Information stored in the long-term

memory may become difficult to recall if you dont use it. Simplyread it, write it, speak about it and/or apply it. This is especiallyeffective when you have to recall formulas or facts from a previouscourse. The 101 course information may be used in a 102 course.Therefore, retain your notes, the old text, and keep the informationfresh with a review.


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20. Affirmation of Your Good Memory Helps You toRemember - When you are sharp and recall all the

facts, accept compliments! When you do not recallthe facts, think that you know it, you can remember,and the facts will come to you. You may have to usevarious techniques to help you remember but never

give up! You truly "never forget." Those facts willeventually "come to you." Keep studying, try againand they will!


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Nutrition

Eating a well balanced diet is essential for healthyaging. Within a well balanced diet that includes fruits,vegetables, bread and cereal, the vitamins thatsupport our memory (folic acid, B12, and thiamin) willbe available.

Breathing & Relaxation

Breathing is good, it is essential to life. We can usebreathing to calm ourselves. Focusing on yourbreathing can help to reduce tension and

nervousness, which can inhibit our ability to payattention and can interfere with memory.


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Water

Water is an essential element for humans to exist, it

also helps to promote memory. Not enough watercan lead to dehydration, which can cause confusionand problems with memory.

Physical Exercise

The mind-body connection is real. Physical exercise

can promote mental alertness and healthy aging.Exercise comes in many different forms. Finding what isbest for you and fits with your lifestyle is critical tomaking it part of routine activities. The keys to physicalexercise is that it must be safe for you, be something

that you enjoy doing, and you must do it regularlyseveral times a week. Before beginning any exerciseprogram you should consult your health care provider.


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Rest /Sleep

Both rest and sleep are very important for the body as wellas the brain. During sleep the brain has a decrease in

sensory input which the brain to sort though experiencesand activities and store memory

Some Other Tips:

Take a look at you habits, see if there are any that donot enhance your memory. If there are, make a plan to

change them. Consider developing new habits that cansupport your memory, such as paying attention, makinglists, taking notes, organizing your environment, and/orassociating facts to images.

Identify and acknowledge for yourself why you want to

enhance your memory Know what it is that is motivating you to do this, and how

this will sustain your motivation


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Consider the circumstances around attempting anynew activity or behavior change, are thecircumstances conducive to success?

Be patient with yourself

Be diligent

Find things that excite you

Don't give up

Congratulate yourself along the way


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