Melody and Texture

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MelodyMelodyandandTextureTexture


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Melody A horizontal arrangement of

pitches of a specific duration.

A succession of tones arranged in

such a way as to give a musicalsense.


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Properties of a melody:1. Moves according to rhythm.

2. Melody has dimension. It may be short or

extended. The range of a melody may benarrow, moderate or wide. (Range is the

pitch distance from the lowest to the highest

note.)


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Melody has direction.

(Ascending, descending,and repeating or

repetitive)


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M

oves according to rhythm.

All melody has rhythm but

rhythm can exist withoutmelody.


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Melody has dimension. It may beshort or extended.

. Figures or extended- the smallest unit ina musical composition.

Motif- is similar to figure but motif is more characteristic ofthe melodic line. The motif presents the prevailing idea the

composer wants to convey.

Section- is composed of a motif and a figurePhrase- is composed of two sections.


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e o y as rect on

ascending


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Ascending melodies create a

feeling of tension, energy, or

excitement.

Descending melody creates a

feeling of repose, loss of energy,or relaxation.


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descending


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repeating


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4. Melody can be in high, medium, or lowregister depending on the voice or

instrument used. It may transfer from one

register to another.

(Register is the part of total compass of an

instrument or voice that has qualities distinct

from the other parts of this range.)


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Melody in high register


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Melody in medium register


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Melody in low register


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5. Melody has progression.

Progression refers to the intervalsbetween the tones.

Melodies may move in repeated tones,by steps, skips or leaps.


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Melody has progression

repeated


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By steps, ascending


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By steps, descending


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Ascending progression by skip


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Progression by skip, descending


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Progression by leaps


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IntervalI

s the distance or thedifference in pitch between

any two tones or sounds.


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The size of the interval is

calculated by counting the letter

names upwards, from the lower to

the higher note and both notes

are included in the total.


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c d e f g a b cLetter names


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Interval names

1. According to position: Unison, 2nd,

3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, Octave.Added quality: perfect intervals such

as prime or unison, perfect fourth,perfect fifth, and octave.


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2. According to degree or function ororder:

tonic, supertonic, mediant,subdominant, dominant,

submediant, leading tone or

sometimes known as subtonic.


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The interval from c to d is a second

c d e f g a b cLetter names

2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th or

octave

According to position


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I ii iii IV V vi vii IInterval names

According to degree

tonicsuper tonic

mediant subdominantdominant

submediant

leading tonetonic


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Scales

Melodies come from scales or modes.

In ancient Greece scale was called as

mode. Now in the modern times we

call it scale which comes from Latin

the word scala, meaning ladder.


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A series of tones arranged in a set

pattern in which the notes of a

composition are derived. Maybearranged in ascending or

descending order.


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Raga(s) A scale which is the basis of all Indian Music. It

consisted of 6 tones of 7 pitches or even more

and composers create music based on raga:

c d e f g a bb c

1 2 3 4 5 6 7


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The first five tones in the center of

raga are e to bb

e f g a bb


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Morning Raga:

c db eb f# a# c c c cb ab fb eb db


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Pentatonic scale:

c d e g a1 1 11/2 1

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