MELJUN CORTES Multimedia Lecture Chapter6

Chapter 6 - Sound

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Chapter Objectives

Explain the basic principles of sound Describe the different categories of sound Explain how sound can be used in different types of

Web sites Describe the roles and responsibilities of the Audio

Specialist Describe several factors that determine sound quality

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Chapter Objectives

List some different sources of digital audio List and explain the steps in producing digital audio Explain the difference between destructive and non-

destructive sound processing List and describe the different sound tools available for

producing and editing Web audio List the most popular audio file formats found on the

Web and explain some of their key features


Introduction

Acquire knowledge and pleasure through our sense of hearing

Sound sets the mood/tone If not properly incorporated, may do more

harm than good


Basic Principles of Sound

Waveform Amplitude

measured in decibels Frequency

measured in hertz (Hz)/kilohertz(kHz)


Types of Sound

Analog Digital

Also called audio Acquired through sound sampling/digitizing


Categories of Sound

Content sounds Provide information

Ambient sounds Reinforce message and set the mood


Uses of Sound

Online Training and Education

Advertising and E-commerceEntertainment and Games


Audio Specialist

Records and process sound


Sound Quality

Rate Number of waveform

samples/second 11 kHz – 44 kHz

ResolutionNumber of bits used to sample sound8-bit and 16-bit

Mono, Stereo, Surround (3D) SoundDownloaded v. Streamed


Digital Audio Sources

Clip audio Record your own


Producing Digital Audio

Planning Recording Processing Assembling Delivering


Planning

Include in: Flowcharts Storyboards Scripts


Recording

Microphone uses analog-to-digital (ADC) converter

Digital audiotape (DAT)Hire talented actors/narratorsMIDI


Processing

Destructive v. Non-destructive Editing and Mixing


Assembling

Linked Embedded


Delivering

Sound Card Speakers – digital-to-analog (DAC)

converter


Digital Audio Software

Bias Sonic Foundry Digidesign Shareware


Bias

Peak - Mac Ideal for manipulating single-sound files Change volume, pitch, tempo Support for a variety of file formats including

Red Book Special Effects

Fades, envelopes, equalizer, echo/reverberation, pitch shift, normalize, backward and tempo


Sonic Foundry

Sound Forge – Windows Set sample rate, resolution, size Record Copy, paste, mix, crossfade Synchronize using SMPTE timecode

Vegas Multitrack recording

Acid Multitrack and supports MIDI


Digidesign

Pro Tools – cross platform Complete

package


Shareware

Cool Edit Mixman


File Formats

AIFF/AIF AU DCR MIDI

MP3 QuickTime (MOV) Real (RAM, RM, G2) WAV


Compression

Variety of schemes MP3


MELJUN CORTES Multimedia Lecture Chapter6

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