Meeting the millenium development goals

8/14/2019 Meeting the millenium development goals

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World in the New Millennium: Guided

by the Millennium Development Goals

Prepared by

Rufael FassilUniversity of Bremen/DENGO

January,2004


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Outline

Introduction Defining the Millennium Development

Goals (MDGs)

Strategy for achieving MDGs

Progressing towards MDGs

MDGRs and PRSP

MDGs Challenges

Conclusions Issues for Discussion


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INTRODUCTION: BASIC FACTS AND FIGURES

IN NEW MILLENNIUM, Half the worlds population=< $2 a day

1 billion=< $1 a day In a developed world,

100 million= < $1 a day5 million =homeless

37 million=jobless 40 million =living with HIV/AIDS 840 million adults= illiterate 1.2 billion =without access to safe drinking water

Every year, 500,000 women =die from complications of pregnancyand childbirth

OUR WORLD HAS THE RESOURCES TO ERADICATE POVERTY?

Wealth 10 richest =$ 133 billion= 1.5 *total national income of theLDCs

Cost of eradicating poverty =1% of global income. 6 DCs spend= $ 700 million in nine days on dog and cat food. Todays world spend= $ 66 billion on cosmetics

$ 800 billion =Military expenditure


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BASIC FACTS ..Contd..

Extreme poverty can be banished from the globe?

Over the past three decades in developingcountries:

Access to safe water=doubled

Life expectancy= increased by a third

Child death rates=halved

Malnutrition rates=declined by a third Children out of primary school= fallen from

more than half to less than a quarter


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1. Eradicate poverty and hunger2. Achieve universal primary education

3. Promote gender equality and empower women

4. Reduce child mortality

5. Improve maternal health

6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases7. Ensure environmental sustainability

8. Develop a global partnership for development

What are MDGs?


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What is human development?

Key capabilities

Living a long and healthy life

Being educated

Having a decent standard of

livingEnjoying political and civilfreedoms to participate freely inthe life of ones community

In General, MDGs are about Human Development


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Essential conditions for human development

Environmental sustainability

Equity especially genderequity

Enabling Fair globalPartnership

MDGs, cont


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1.2 ORIGIN OF MDGS

The Millennium Development Goals

(MDGs) are: The International Development Goals (IDGs)

+

Goals of the Millennium Declaration

1.3 Why MDGs?


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2) WHAT IS NEEDED TO ACHIEVE THE MDGS ?

US$ 50 billion in annual basis

Consistency b/n economic and social development policies

Social policy to be multi-sectoral , participatory and flexible

Good system for monitoring & evaluation

Coordination among all stakeholders and beneficiaries

Developed countries open their markets to the products ofdeveloping countries and let developing countries competein the global market on fair terms


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Commitment of resources(MDGs)

WB/IMF: At annual meeting of the WB/IMF(Sept.2002),discussed the MDGs =decided to support MDGs

EU contribution - EU leaders promised =an additional $7bln ayear to support the implementation of MDG

USA -US promised to increase aid spending= by 50% or 5blna year.

Financing for Development at Monterrey, Mexico in 2002,

Leaders reach in consensus =started to match thesecommitments with resources and action.


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3) STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING THE MDGS

Four complementary initiatives:(Mark Malloch Brown is overall coordinator of the MDGs in the UN system )

the Millennium Project (Professor Jeffrey Sachs, Special Adviserto the Secretary-General on the MDGs )

the Millennium Reports,

the Global Millennium Campaign, (Eveline Herfkens,former Development Minister from the Netherlands, Executive Coordinator

for the MDG Campaign) and

Operational country-level activities i.e. the threefunctions to fulfil at the country level are to tailor the targets, to report onprogress and to develop capacity


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Who keeps track of the MDGs?

World Bank and UN =keep statistics and progressreports.

Country-level monitoring= UN agencies,

Organization for Economic Co-operation & Development's (OECD), Development AssistanceCommittee (DAC), the Bank and IMF as well aseach countries.

The country-level reports=Complemented by theUN Secretary-General's global reports on

implementing the MDGs .


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4) PROGRESSING TOWARDS MDGS

Achievements(MDGR) (UN SG MDG Report July 2003 i.e. complied from 80 countries) are mixed:

On all broad objectives- human rights, Democracy, goodgovernance, the resolution of conflicts we are moving too

slowly

Human needs neglected and promises unmet. If we carry on

the way we are most of the pledges made in MDG are notgoing to be fulfilled

There are marked differences between regions (uneven)

There is an urgent need for renewed commitment by political

leaders to open trade and increase aid and debt relief, to givedeveloping countries a fair chance to reduce extreme povertywithin their borders.


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In response to the question as to whether itwas likely or not that the Millennium Goalswill be fully realised by 2015???

% VeryLikely

Likely Neutral Unlikely Veryunlikely

OECD +25 1.5 24.2 22.7 37.9 13.6

DC +53 13.3 40.3 19.4 19.4 7.5

LDC +55 55.5 11.1 33.3

Africa+60 16.7 45.8 12.5 16.7 8.3

Asia+70 17.6 58.8 11.8 5.9 5.9Latin

America+308.2 26.1 17.4 30.4 17.4

Total +40 5.6 34.3 21.3 27.8 11.1


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5) MDGRs AND PRSP

They are not competing but complementing each other

The MDGs are not a programmatic tool. The PRSP is themedium term national roadmap of policies and actions

required to reach these longer-term, country-tailored targetsi.e. MDGs time frame is longer than PRSPs (3 year)

MDGs process is a UN lead and PRSP is a BW(WB/IMF) leadprocess but both have full recognition with all keydevelopment stakeholders

MDG-reports and PRSP-progress reports are complementarytools, with different audiences and objectives.


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How Well Do PRSPs Track MDGs?

Looking across 25 completed PRSP till Feb 03,

Broad convergence in coverage of key areas in particular,

human development, poverty, economic growth thoughoften not around specific MDG indicators.

Countries also set goals in categories not included amongMDGs. For example, economic growth, rural development,and macroeconomic objectives.


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7) CONCLUSIONS

Most of the Goals are set in the social (not economic) sphere,relating to improvements in health and education

MDG targets must be tailored and customized to country realitiesand priorities.

Preliminary assessments by the UN and the Bank seem to indicatethat:

For MDG achievement ,need credible implementation plan, ownedby the implementersthat is, by the countries.

But, this means both developing and developed countries, giventhe essential roles of both in achieving the MDGs, as set out inMonterrey Mexico).

Critical role for multilateral agencies to support country efforts(i.e. .)


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Conclusions .

Genuine Commitments of IMF/WB:

Three main areas where the IMF/WB should change theirapproach and there role needs to be radically reviewed ifit is to assist Poor countries to achieve the MDGs:

The Fund needs to show greater flexibility in its economictargets, demonstrating a longer-term focus,

The Fund needs to end its pessimism towards increasing aidflows to poor countries and stop designing economic policyaround this view.

The influence of the Fund asgatekeeperfor povertyfocused aid needs to be decreased.


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ISSUES FOR FURTHER DISCUSSION

How comprehensive are MDGs? i.e. Are thestrategic interests and programmatic priorities ofdifferent Countries, regions and Institutions

adequately reflected in the MDGs ?

Are MDGS Feasible?

How (to what extent) the current thestatus of UN will impact on the realizationof MDGs?


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Major References

1. MDG, Millennium declarations, MDG Report and Human

development Report 2003: UNDP web site (www.undp.org)

2. The Millennium Declaration: Mobilising Civil SocietyOrganisations. By John W Foster: Article published in the UNDP

Development Policy Journal, Volume 3, April 2003

3. Choices, UNDP human development magazine: Number 2,

volume 12, June 2003

4. The IMF and the Millennium Goals: Failing to deliver for low

income countries. Number 54, Oxfam Briefing Paper,

September 2003
http://www.undp.org/http://www.undp.org/


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Thank You!!

Meeting the millenium development goals

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