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MEETING THE ANTI POVERTY TARGET energy efficiencies strategies and
Smart Energy Systems
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- Energy efficiency: a pillar of Energy Union (security, europeanmarket, decarbonization of economy)
- (H&C) sector constitutes 50% of EU end energy uses: 80% in building sector (40% of end uses and 36% of CO2 emissions)
- In EU 45% of H&C energy uses is domestic, 37% industry, 18% services
- H&C is 75% up to fossil fuels- P8_TA(2016)0293 23-6-26 says that EU Directive EE (2012) e
Buildings (2010) do not find complete execution and EE couldbe a mandatory target in 2030 (-40%)
- Long term execution of EE may give priority to building sector(modification of art 4 e art 7)
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1. Energy efficiency (EE)/Overview
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2. Long-term EE FinancingEurope: Horizon 2020 gives 2,5 billions for EE (vs 1,8 for FER) Strategic Investiment European Fund (FEIS) gives 300 billions
for EE. Italy has 315-825 billions throught Istituto Nazionale di
Promozione e Sviluppo (Cassa Depositi e Prestiti) which givesinvestment for 160 billions in 2016 2020 period, for:
Network realization Strategic infrastracture nodes Building retrofitting.
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- A roadmap for a decreasing of consumptions (50% at 2050)- Electrification as sustainability tool with RES and DEG (50% at
2050)- Final DEG implementation of program 2020-2050 (in 2007-
2013: +100%)- Final RES implementation and accompanying measures (2020-
2050) : 2030 (65% FER), 2050 (100%)- Supporting to storage evolution (included small size 10 kWh
100 kWh for domestic sector)- energy network vs information technology (VPP Virtual Power
Plant, Energy Cloud, IoT)
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3. Long-term strategies: match the Target (2030-2050)
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Pathways of Deep De-carbonization in Italy, ENEA-ENI 2015
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Pathways of Deep De-carbonization in Italy, ENEA-ENI 2015
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4. Tools for Actions in Europe (2020-2030)
energy consumptions reduction in building sectortwofold in (2016-2030) as referenced in (1990-2015)supporting BATheat pumps, micro-CHP, teledistrict H&C, storages,RES in cooling systemsenergy audit, consumptions accountability, users activityEGE, REDE, ESCo certified
the importance of Smart Energy Systems to implement energy security programs
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What is a Smart Energy Systems (SES)
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The experience of Sapienza University of Rome towards Smart Energy Systems:
the on-demand energy labRenewable electrofuels both for energy and trasportationPower-to-gas H2 for transport and building sectors, hydrogen injected into the natural gas grid or hydrogen with CO2 and convert to bio-methane (Sabatier), or using the output gas of a wood gas generator or a biogas plant, and mixed with the hydrogen to upgrade the quality of the biogas.Grid and storages options. By combining the electricity, thermal
and transport sectors, the grids and the storages in these sectorscan improve the energy system flexibility and compensate for the lack of flexibility from RESShort and long term storage options in an effective penetration
of renewables energy systems
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Building B
HeatingSystem
CoolingSystemAdsorption
Chiller 17 kW
Chill
ed W
ater
HVA C
HeatExchanger
Hot
Wat
er
Chill
ed
Wat
er
Hot Water
70 kW
20 k
W
DC/ACConverter
5 k
W
Mixer
5 k
W
36 kW
POD
Electrolyser1 Nm3 /h5 kW el.
30 k
W
GridInterface
H2
NG
H2
Plug
in c
ar
Pure
H2
Fuel
cell
H 2N
G
Catalytic H2 Boiler5 kW
PVT Array5 kW
ICE CHPInternal
CombustionEngine
NationalGRID
National Pipeline
H 2N
G
GMT Gas Micro Turbine
Micro Smart Grid
Batteries5 kWh
15 kW
Sapienza micro-grid lab
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Hydrogen-driven Gas Heat Pump
Sapienza Universit di Roma CITERA - DIAEE
Desorption Absorption
Schematic representation of catalytic burner
Flameless combustion Low temperature
combustion No nitrogen oxides No backfiring issues
Burner modifications and substitution
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Smart Energy Systems for a de-carbonization transitionThe energy system layout A composed of PV and two-stage Electric Heat Pump (EHP)
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Smart Energy Systems for a de-carbonization transitionThe energy system layout B composed of Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector and Gas Heat Pump fuelled with H2NG
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Smart Energy Systems for a de-carbonization transitionThe energy system layout C composed of CHP fuelled with H2NG and two-stage EHP
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A B C GRID = 0.42 PTHR = 0.429
COPEHP=2.5 COPGHP=1.45 COPEHP=2.5 el,PV = 0.12 el,PV/T = 0.14 el,CHP = 0.33
h,PV/T = 0.36 h,CHP = 0.5 fH2=30%vol. ESH2=0.115 fH2=30%vol. ESH2=0.115
Calculation parameters for Energy Systems options
A
B
C
GRID = 0.42 PTHR = 0.429
COPEHP=2.5
COPGHP=1.45
COPEHP=2.5
el,PV = 0.12
el,PV/T = 0.14
el,CHP = 0.33
h,PV/T = 0.36
h,CHP = 0.5
fH2=30%vol. ESH2=0.115
fH2=30%vol. ESH2=0.115
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Normalised Primary Energy Consumption vs. End-user PTHR with changes in plant layout
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End-user PTHR vs. RES fraction with changes in plant layout
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End user progressive involvement
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The role of the aggregator of energy
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5. Social targets/1 EU Parlament resolution focused on end-user
centrality The increase of fuel poverty and its contrast with EE Costs increase for energy access because:
Raw material costs; Climate change policies costs; Incentives for RES and EE: often at the expense of
the end user vs fossil fuel state contribution
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100 Millions people in EU in energy poverty condition, enable to get energy servces and goods at a minumumlevel:
Need of suitable tools of poverty contrast: EU Directive on EE forces Member States programs about access
and security of energy sources and against the social disparity; Investment in EE and FER in the frame of SIE (structural
investments) funding starting from (2014 - 2020); Each State Member must give 20 % FSE resource(Europe Social
Fund) to EE program for social inclusion; Improve long term investment at high socio-economic returns.
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Social targets/2
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An Observatory on fuel poverty:
Measuring and monitoring as reference of time; Updated knowledge about energy consumptions of
families; Definition of reliable socio-economic indicator.
at National and International level
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Social targets/3
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Conclusion
hybrid systems in building sector ad Smart Energy Systems for an effective transition towards de-carbonizationthe involvement of individualsthe position of HVAC Associations for EE strategies: innovative solutions for EElegislation and normativeindustry sectorengineers updatingcontacts with Institutionsacademic & researchmoving towards a social role including promotion of effective EE strategies based on new energy model, new energy finance, inclusion of individuals
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[email protected]@aicarr.org
MEETING THE ANTI POVERTY TARGET energy efficiencies strategies andSmart Energy SystemsSlide Number 22. Long-term EE FinancingSlide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 64. Tools for Actions in Europe (2020-2030)energy consumptions reduction in building sectortwofold in (2016-2030) as referenced in (1990-2015)supporting BATheat pumps, micro-CHP, teledistrict H&C, storages,RES in cooling systemsenergy audit, consumptions accountability, users activityEGE, REDE, ESCo certifiedthe importance of Smart Energy Systems to implement energy security programsSlide Number 8The experience of Sapienza University of Rome towards Smart Energy Systems: the on-demand energy labSlide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18End user progressive involvementThe role of the aggregator of energy5. Social targets/1Social targets/2Social targets/3Conclusionhybrid systems in building sector ad Smart Energy Systems for an effective transition towards de-carbonizationthe involvement of individualsthe position of HVAC Associations for EE strategies: innovative solutions for EElegislation and normativeindustry sectorengineers updatingcontacts with Institutionsacademic & researchmoving towards a social role including promotion of effective EE strategies based on new energy model, new energy finance, inclusion of individualsSlide Number 25