Meet Clean Diesel

Improving Energy Security

Fueling Environmental Progress

Powering the Economy

What is Clean Diesel?

Diesel power is cleaner and more vital to the U.S. economy than ever before. The diesel industry

is on a path to produce virtually emissions-free vehicles and equipment while still retaining the

efficiency, reliability and power long associated with diesel. This environmental progress is the result

of the new clean diesel system – combining cleaner diesel fuel, advanced engines and effective

exhaust control technology.

The Clean Diesel System Is …

…And It Powers

• New cleaner vehicles and equipment

• Upgrades of existing engines to help achieve cleaner air

Emissions Control

Particulate filters and oxidation catalysts

further reduce emissions of ozone-forming

compounds and fine particles.

Emissions ControlEmissions Control

Particulate filters and oxidation catalysts Particulate filters and oxidation catalysts

Advanced Engine

Advances such as electronic controls, high-pressure and

variable fuel injection, improved combustion chamber

configuration, and turbochargers help make today’s

diesel engines cleaner, quieter and more powerful.

Advanced EngineAdvanced Engine

Advances such as electronic controls, high-pressure and Advances such as electronic controls, high-pressure and

Clean Diesel Fuel

Clean diesel fuel – containing 97% less sulfur than previous blends – is now available

nationwide. Using this ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) will immediately cut soot emissions

from any diesel vehicle by 10 percent. And when combined with a new generation of

engines and exhaust treatment, ULSD enables emissions reductions of over 95%.

Improving Energy Security

Today’s diesel cars, trucks and SUVs are clean, quiet and fun to

drive. They also deliver superior fuel economy – typically 20%

to 40% better than a comparable gasoline vehicle – without

requiring drivers to sacrifice the power and performance

Americans demand.

More Americans are discovering diesel as an alternative fuel

option. Annual registration of diesel passenger vehicles has

grown by 80%, from just over 300,000 in 2000 to nearly 550,000

in 2005. And most analysts expect this trend to continue.

Researchers at J.D. Power and Associates predict that diesel

sales will triple in the next 10 years, growing to more than 10%

of U.S. vehicle sales by 2015 - up from 3.6% in 2005.

Greater use of diesel technology would help the U.S. reduce

petroleum consumption and improve energy security. The

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that America

could save up to 1.4 million barrels of oil per day – an amount

equivalent to the oil we currently import from Saudi Arabia – if

one-third of U.S. cars, pickup trucks and SUVs were

diesel-powered.

Want Even More Petroleum Reduction?In addition to its inherent fuel efficiency,

diesel can help reduce petroleum

consumption even further through:

Biodiesel – Diesel drivers have the option

to fill up with blends of biodiesel –

a domestically produced, renewable fuel.

Most engine and vehicle manufacturers

have agreed to provide warranty coverage

on the use of B5 (meaning a mixture

of petroleum-based diesel fuel and 5%

biodiesel) and are actively working with

biodiesel representatives to resolve

outstanding concerns on the quality and

performance of higher blends.

Diesel hybrid technology – Diesel

hybrids hold the promise of significant

efficiency gains for commercial vehicles.

By combining a smaller, fuel-efficient clean

diesel engine with an advanced electric or

hydraulic system, hybrid buses and delivery

vehicles have demonstrated significantly

improved fuel economy, along with

reduced exhaust emissions and enhanced

performance.

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Growing Diesel Registrations2000-2005

80%Increase

Source: R.L. Polk & Company, 2005

More Clean Diesel Cars, Pickupsand SUVs equals...

... Less Oil Consumption

Fueling Environmental Progress

The diesel industry’s significant investment in research and development has fostered a continuous

improvement in technology, resulting in a dramatic reduction in overall diesel emissions levels.

Cleaner Air… America’s air quality is improving, and diesel has been part of the solution. According to the Environmental

Protection Agency, total emissions of the six principal air pollutants have declined by 53% since 1970.

Not surprisingly, diesel exhaust now represents a small and declining share of the nation’s overall

emissions inventory.

…And Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions Technologies and actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions are increasingly attractive to national,

state and local policymakers, and greater use of clean diesel in the U.S. could play a helpful role.

Carbon Monoxide

Fine Particles

Nitrogen Oxides

Sulfur Dioxide

Volatile Organic Compounds

Other Sources 98.1%

Diesel 1.9% Diesel 4.4%

Other Sources 95.6%

Other Sources

67.4%

Diesel 32.6% Diesel 3.1%

Other Sources 96.9%

Diesel 2.7%

Other Sources 97.3%

Source: U.S. EPA National Emissions Inventory - Average Annual Emissions, All Criteria Pollutants: http://www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/trends/; Based on most current data

With diesel’s superior engine efficiency and the fuel’s higher energy

content, diesel vehicles can do the same amount of work while

burning less fuel than their gasoline counterparts, typically resulting

in a 10% to 20% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.

More Clean Diesel Cars, Pickups and SUVs equals...

…Thanks to the Continuous Improvement of Clean DieselA new generation of clean diesel is fueling even greater environmental progress. As of 2007, exhaust

from a clean diesel truck or bus is so clean that it would take 60 new trucks to equal the soot emissions

of one truck sold in 1988. By 2010, truck and bus emissions levels will be near zero – a total reduction

of 98% from 1988. The EPA predicts that these new trucks, once they fully replace the existing fleet,

will reduce emissions of smog-forming gases by 2.6 million tons each year and cut soot emissions by

110,000 tons annually.

Similar levels of emissions improvement will phase in for diesel construction and agricultural equipment

within the next decade; for locomotive and marine vessels shortly thereafter.

Upgrading the Existing FleetMany of the same clean diesel technologies

developed for new engines can be applied

to older vehicles and equipment. A number

of cities and states struggling to meet strict

federal clean air standards have found that

clean diesel retrofits are a cost effective way

to achieve real and immediate air quality

progress. The nationwide availability of

ultra-low sulfur fuel will help expand these

retrofit opportunities. However, funding

through EPA’s Diesel Emissions Reduction

Program and the Federal Highway

Administration’s Congestion Mitigation and

Air Quality (CMAQ) program is critical to

expedite these air quality benefits.

0 $30,000 $60,000 $90,000 $120,000 $150,000

Alternative Fuel Buses

SignalOptimization

Bike Racks on Buses

Vanpool Programs

$126,400

$66,700

$19,500

$10,500

$5,390

$5,000

Other Transportation StrategiesDiesel Retrofit Solutions

Cost Per Ton of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Reduced

Transit Bus Retrofit

RepowerConstruction Equipment

For a more detailed anaylsis of the cost-effectiveness of emission reduction strategies and full sourcing information,

visit www.dieselforum.org/retrofit

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency On-Highway Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions Reductions

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.01990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

Model Year

Smog-Forming Gases

Soot

2007-2010 NOxPhase-In

PM

(g/b

hp

-hr)

NO

x(g

/bh

p-h

r)

98% Reduction

Clean Diesel = Clean Air

How Government Can Help

The regulatory framework necessary to ensure clean diesel’s

arrival is already in place. However, government can still help in

three key areas:

• Remain technology and fuel neutral – Rather than picking

winners and losers from the vast array of promising

alternative energy sources, Forum members support setting

fair standards and then letting the marketplace choose the

preferred solution.

• Provide incentive funding for retrofit – Clean diesel

retrofits are one of the most cost-effective strategies for

achieving real and immediate air quality improvements.

Support for federal and state diesel retrofit funding

programs is needed to make the environmental

benefits more economically appealing for equipment and

vehicle owners.

• Help speed adoption of new clean diesel – New vehicles

and equipment are significantly cleaner, but also more

expensive. Congress should consider financial incentives

that encourage customers to purchase revolutionary new

clean air technologies, including new clean diesel trucks.

Fast FactsUltra-low sulfur diesel fuel – with 97%

less sulfur than traditional diesel – is

now available nationwide.

Exhaust from new clean diesel

trucks is so clean it passes the “white

handkerchief test.” If you hold a

handkerchief next to the tailpipe and

rev the engine, it stays white – picking

up no smell or black soot.

America could save up to 1.4 million

barrels of oil per day – an amount

equivalent to the oil we currently

import from Saudi Arabia – if one-third

of U.S. cars, pickup trucks and SUVs

were diesel-powered.

Innovative retrofit technologies can

reduce emissions from existing diesel

engines by 25% to 90%.

Rudolf Diesel first patented the

diesel engine in 1893. This economic

workhorse of the past century is now

transformed into an environmental

workhorse for the next century.

In 2007

...of one truck sold in 1988.

It will take 60 clean diesel trucks to equal the soot emissions…

Powering the Economy

What Makes Diesel Different? Diesel is the dominant power source in

key sectors of the economy, thanks to a

combination of unique attributes.

Efficiency

No other internal combustion engine in

the world is more fuel-efficient.

Durability

Diesel engines routinely run for hundreds

of thousands – if not millions – of miles.

Versatility

From a 10-horsepower hand-held engine

to a 2,500-horsepower mining truck,

diesel can power virtually any sized job.

Immediacy

Constantly evolving, diesel is a familiar

and proven technology with an existing

fueling infrastructure and a 100-year track

record of success.

Power

Diesel delivers the torque and power

necessary to complete tough jobs.

Diesel is the backbone of the American economy, powering

vehicles and equipment in many critical sectors.

Transportation

Diesel buses move 14 million people to their

jobs and schools every day. Diesel trucks,

trains, boats and barges move 94 percent of

the nation’s goods – more than 18 million tons

of freight each day.

Construction

Diesel powers nearly all the heavy

construction equipment that builds our roads,

bridges, homes and schools.

Agriculture

Diesel is the workhorse of the modern farm

and fuels two-thirds of all agricultural equipment.

Public Safety

Call 9-1-1, and odds are high that a piece of

diesel-powered equipment will respond. Fire

trucks, ambulances and other rescue equipment

all rely on diesel.

For more information, visit www.dieselforum.org

The Diesel Technology Forum is a non-profit organization dedicated to raising awareness about the progress and potential of diesel technology in all applications. It represents the leaders of the diesel industry

including engine and equipment makers, key component manufacturers, fuel producers and emissions control technology manufacturers.

The Forum brings together a broad range of diesel stakeholders including diesel users, public & environmental interest groups and government regulators to encourage the exchange of information, findings and ideas about the current and future use of diesel technology.

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