Medieval Instruments.pdf
2
34 Medieval Instruments In the Middle Ages, a wide variety of instruments were played to enliven festivities. Wind instruments, such as shawms and bagpipes, accompanied dancing, while the harp or lute accompanied songs and epic poems. 1 Tabor drum This portable drum is hung around the neck and played by the right hand while a pipe is played with the left. 2 Nakers These small, dome-shaped drums, with goatskin heads, were usually played in pairs. 3 Double pipe Used since ancient times, the double pipe allows two notes to be played at once—the drone (sustained note) and the melody. 4 Tabor pipe Played with the tabor drum, this wooden pipe has a narrow bore, with three holes near the end. 5 Shawm With a penetrating sound suited to playing outdoors, this double-reed wind instrument was an early precursor of the oboe. 6 Tenor shawm Shawms of different sizes and pitches formed the wind band known as the alta capella—a loud ensemble that accompanied dancing or heralded the entrance of royalty. 7 Bagpipe This popular drone instrument consists of a short blowpipe, an air bag made of hide and squeezed under one arm, a chanter with holes for playing the melody, and two drone pipes. 8 Hunting horn This ancient instrument was first made from the horn of an animal and played as a hunting signal. This ornate example is made from bull horn fitted with a brass mouthpiece, flare, and decorative foliage. 9 Harp A key instrument of the medieval era, the harp was used to accompany the love songs of the troubadours. Richly carved, this example ends in an animal’s head. 10 Medieval lute Related to the Arabic ’ud, this lute has sound holes decorated as intricately carved roses with geometric patterns in the Arabic style. 11 Medieval viol This bowed-string instrument has a low range and was probably used to accompany a melody. 12 Rebec This narrow bowed instrument was an early precursor of the violin. It was played on the arm, or sometimes under the chin. 13 Hornpipe Made of animal horn, this pipe usually had a single reed. 14 Dulcimer The strings of the dulcimer are stretched across a trapezoid soundboard and struck by small hammers. 15 Psaltery Related to the zither, this instrument is metal strung and played using a quill in each hand. 1 TABOR DRUM 5 SHAWM 2 NAKERS 3 DOUBLE PIPE 6 TENOR SHAWM 7 BAGPIPE Height 35 in (89 cm) 4 TABOR PIPE Length 20–24 in (50–60 cm) Length 12 in (30 cm) Height approx. 28 in (70 cm) Height approx. 4 ft (1.2 m) Diameter 10 in (25 cm) Diameter 12 in (30 cm)
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Transcript of Medieval Instruments.pdf
34
Medieval InstrumentsIn the Middle Ages, a wide variety of instruments were played to enliven festivities. Wind instruments, such as shawms and bagpipes, accompanied dancing, while the harp or lute accompanied songs and epic poems.
1 Tabor drum This portable drum is hung around the neck and played by the right hand while a pipe is played with the left. 2 Nakers These small, dome-shaped drums, with goatskin heads, were usually played in pairs. 3 Double pipe Used since ancient times, the double
pipe allows two notes to be played at once—the drone (sustained note) and the melody. 4 Tabor pipe Played with the tabor drum, this wooden pipe has a narrow bore, with three holes near the end. 5 Shawm With a penetrating sound suited to playing outdoors, this double-reed wind instrument was an early precursor of the oboe. 6 Tenor shawm Shawms of different sizes and pitches formed the wind band known as the alta capella—a loud ensemble that accompanied dancing or heralded the entrance of royalty. 7 Bagpipe This popular drone instrument consists of a short blowpipe, an air bag made of hide and squeezed under one arm, a chanter with holes for playing the melody, and two drone pipes. 8 Hunting horn This ancient instrument was
first made from the horn of an animal and played as a hunting signal. This ornate example is made from bull horn fitted with a brass mouthpiece, flare, and decorative foliage. 9 Harp A key instrument of the medieval era, the harp was
used to accompany the love songs of the troubadours. Richly carved, this example ends in an animal’s head. 10 Medieval lute Related to the Arabic ’ud, this lute has sound holes decorated as intricately carved roses with geometric patterns in the Arabic style. 11 Medieval viol This bowed-string instrument has a low range and was probably used to accompany a melody. 12 Rebec This narrow bowed instrument was an early precursor of the violin. It was played on the arm, or sometimes under the chin. 13 Hornpipe Made of animal horn, this pipe usually had a single reed. 14 Dulcimer The strings of the dulcimer are stretched across a trapezoid soundboard and struck by small hammers. 15 Psaltery Related to the zither, this instrument is metal strung and played using a quill in each hand.
1 TABOR DRUM
5 SHAWM
2 NAKERS
3 DOUBLE PIPE
6 TENOR SHAWM
7 BAGPIPEHeight 35 in (89 cm)
4 TABOR PIPELength 20–24 in (50–60 cm)
Length 12 in (30 cm)
Hei
ght a
ppro
x. 2
8 in
(70 c
m)
Hei
ght a
ppro
x. 4
ft (1
.2 m
)
Diameter 10 in (25 cm)Diameter 12 in (30 cm)
M E D I E VA L I N S T R U M E N T S
8 HUNTING HORN 10 MEDIEVAL LUTE
11 MEDIEVAL VIOL 12 REBEC
15 PSALTERY14 DULCIMER
35
Height 25 in (70 cm)
Height 24 in (62 cm) Height 22 in (55 cm)
9 HARPHeight approx. 26 in (66 cm)
Length of longest side approx. 18 in (46 cm)Length up to 28 in (70 cm)
13 HORNPIPELength approx. 16 in (40 cm)
Length approx. 20 in (50 cm)
