Medical Terminology A Review of the Human Body. The Anatomical Position - erect standing position -...
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![Page 1: Medical Terminology A Review of the Human Body. The Anatomical Position - erect standing position - feet slightly separated - arms hanging relaxed at.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051401/56649ea25503460f94ba5aa3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Medical Terminology
A Review of the Human Body
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The Anatomical Position• - erect standing
position - feet slightly separated - arms hanging
relaxed at the sides
- palms of hands facing forward
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Anatomical Planes• FRONTAL (or coronal)
separates the body into Anterior and Posterior parts
• MIDSAGITTAL (or
median sagittal) separates body into equal Right and Left parts
• TRANSVERSE separates
the body into Superior and Inferior parts
• SAGITTAL any plane dividing the body into a left side and right side
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Body Directions• Medial means
closer to the midline or middle.
• Lateral means further from the midline or toward the side.
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• Anterior (Ventral) -at or toward the front
• Posterior (Dorsal) - at or toward the back
• Superior – above• Inferior – below• Proximal – nearer to the
point of attachment (the trunk)
• Distal – farther from the point of attachment
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• Cephalic or cranial – toward the head
• Caudal – toward the lower end of the spine or buttocks
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Body Cavities– dorsal body cavity
• cranial cavity – protects the brain
• Spinal cavity – spinal cord
– ventral body cavity• thoracic cavity – heart
and lungs• abdominopelvic cavity
– abdominal cavity –digestive organs
– pelvic cavity – reproductive and urinary organs
Pelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Diaphragm
Thoracic cavity
Cranial cavity
Dorsal c a vit y Ventral cavitySpinal
cavity
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Divisions of the Abdomen
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Regions• Right and Left Right and Left
hypochondriachypochondriac regions are below the ribs.
• EpigastricEpigastric region is upon or above the stomach
• Right and left lumbar Right and left lumbar regionsregions. Lumbar refers to the inward curve of the spine.
• Umbilical regionUmbilical region. (umbilic means naval and al means pertaining to.
• Right and left iliac regionsRight and left iliac regions refer to the hipbone area.
• HypogastricHypogastric region is below the stomach. The entire lower region of the abdomen is also referred to as the groin or inguinal area.
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Peritoneum• The peritoneum is the
membrane that protects and supports the organs in the abdominal cavity.
• MED TERM ALERT ! -periton means peritoneum
-retro means behind or backward
Retroperitoneal means pertaining to behind the periotoneum.
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Don’t forget
• lapar/o means abdomen