Measurement for Improvement. Hello & Welcome: what are you here for?

Measurement for Improvement

Hello & Welcome:

what are you here for?

Results of our pre-session survey…1. I would describe myself as (tick one only):• Early Years Practitioner but measurement beginner• Tester (already collecting data on measures developed by others)• Person involved in developing local measures• Measurement advisor who provides support to improvement teams• Other (please specify)

2. I feel comfortable with (tick all that apply):• Testing• Data collection when I am told what to count• Developing measures• Using Excel spreadsheets• Run charts• Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts• Other (please specify)

Results of our pre-session survey…3. I am most interested to learn about (tick one only):• Testing• Data collection when I am told what to count• Developing measures• Using excel spreadsheets• Run charts• Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts• Something Else / In Addition (please specify)

4. Are there any triumphs/challenges you would be willing and interested to mention in the session?

• No• Yes (please feel free to provide your name if you would like to share)

Results of our pre-session survey…5. Are you a member of the EYC Extranet• Yes• No• Don't know

6. Which of the following mostly fits with what you do? (tick one only)• I set up measures, enter data and produce leadership reports on the Extranet• I enter data on the Extranet once the measure has been set up• I collect data in a spreadsheet and give it to someone else to put on the Extranet• I collect data in a spreadsheet and give it to someone else but don't know what they do with

it• I only collect data in a spreadsheet locally• I only collect data locally only in some other format• I have not been involved in collecting any data• Other

Turn to your neighbour• What have been your biggest learnings or

challenges regarding data gathering and measurement for your Early Years work?– Developing measures– Agreeing definitions– Collecting data (who, when, frequency)– Analysis– Reporting/presenting data– Other?

The Improvement Guide, API

The PDSA cycle provides the tactical approach to work

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Model for Improvement

The three questions provide the strategy Our focus today

The Improvement Guide, API

Using data to understand progress toward the team’s aim

Using data to answer the questions posed for each PDSA cycle

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Model for Improvement

Andreas Schleicher

Without data, you are just another person with an opinion

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With data, it’s hard not to have an opinion

… it’s a pivot point for conversation

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The Quality Measurement Journey

Source: R. Lloyd. Quality Health Care: A Guide to Developing and Using Indicators. Jones and Bartlett, 2004.

(How good? By when?)

PDSA

Case Study• Promoting Bedtime Reading• Lochrin and Grassmarket Nursery Schools• Edinburgh• Lead: Donna Murray

Project Aim Statements

• What, by when, by how much.–“By the end of June, 90% of

children at Grassmarket Nursery will receive a bedtime story at least 3 times a week.”


Concepts: What does better look like?

Children have all the developmental skills and abilities expected at the start of primary school

Societal Issues

Child’s physical & mental health and emotional development

Improved sharing of information

Improved management, planning and quality of services

Improved joint working

Improved identification

Detailed Aim:

90% of all children within each CPP have reached all of the expected developmental milestones at the time the child starts primary school, by end-2017

Health

Improved child’s dental health

Improving child nutrition

Attachment

Improved stability / permanence for LAC

Improved uptake of benefits

Improved family centred response

Improved leadership, culture & planning`

Improved teamwork, communication and collaboration

Improving brain development and physical play

Early Learning & Play

WORKSTREAM 3 (30 months to start of primary school)

Identification & reasons for current resilience

Aim 1⁰ 2⁰

Theory of what drives developmental milestones

Theory of what actions will ensure developmental

milestones are reached at the start of primary school

Poverty

Quality Of Home Environment

Domestic Abuse & Violence

Workforce Issues

Transport, Community Capacity & Cultures

Access To Services

Employment

Carer’s physical & mental health and skills

Level of education

Misuse of alcohol & drugs

Nutrition

Disabilities & Mental health

Parenting skills & knowledge

Additional Support

Version: 06/03/2013

DriversDrivers

DriversDrivers

DriversDrivers

Concept:Bedtime Reading



From concept to measure

Children have all the developmental skills and abilities expected at the start of primary school

Societal Issues

Child’s physical & mental health and emotional development

Improved sharing of information

Improved management, planning and quality of services

Improved joint working

Improved identification

Detailed Aim:

90% of all children within each CPP have reached all of the expected developmental milestones at the time the child starts primary school, by end-2017

Health

Improved child’s dental health

Improving child nutrition

Attachment

Improved stability / permanence for LAC

Improved uptake of benefits

Improved family centred response

Improved leadership, culture & planning`

Improved teamwork, communication and collaboration

Improving brain development and physical play

Early Learning & Play

Identification & reasons for current resilience

Aim 1⁰ 2⁰Poverty

Quality Of Home Environment

Domestic Abuse & Violence

Workforce Issues

Transport, Community Capacity & Cultures

Access To Services

Employment

Carer’s physical & mental health and skills

Level of education

Misuse of alcohol & drugs

Nutrition

Disabilities & Mental health

Parenting skills & knowledge

Additional Support

Version: 06/03/2013

DriversDrivers

DriversDrivers

DriversDrivers



These driver diagrams show lots of concepts,

but few measures (numbers, %, rate)

From concept to measure: not trivial

Our example: concept to measure• (Driver) Concept is ‘Bedtime reading’• Measures to provide feedback on the concept

– % receiving a story– % of stories read at bedtime– % of parents reporting improved bedtime routine– % enjoying the bedtime story– % reporting increase in bedtime story reading


Agreeing definitions

An operational definition…… is a description, in quantifiable terms, of what to measure and the steps to measure itconsistently

• Gives communicable meaning to a concept

• Is clear & unambiguous

• Specifies measurement methods & equipment

• Identifies agreed criteria for recognition

© 2010 Institute for Healthcare Improvement/ R Lloyd21

• Method of measurement?

• Criteria for recognition?

22

An operational definition…

Our example: definitions we need…

• What does reading a story mean?

• When is bedtime versus other time?

• What is improved bedtime routine?

• What is the definition of enjoyed?


Collecting data

• Who will collect the data?

• How often?

• How?

• Stratification?

• Will sampling be required?

Planning data collection

What do we mean by stratification?

• Does this differ by (known differences)...

• Separation of data into mutually exclusive categories

• To discover patterns obscured by aggregation

• For example:o Teams

o Seasons

o Times of day

o Days of week

o Socioeconomic group

Sampling:

how many, how often?

Balance ease of collection

with

reduction in random variation

Data in PDSA cycles• Collect useful data not perfect data (learning not

evaluation)

• Use pencil/ paper until info system is ready

• Use sampling to reduce workload of data collection

• Use qualitative data (feedback) rather than wait for quantitative data

• Record what went wrong during data collection

Integrate data into the day• Collect data within current work

• Develop easy-use forms/information systems for practitioners

• Clearly define roles and responsibilities for data collection

• Set aside time to review data with those who collect it

So for our example…• All children are included, no sampling. 7 days a week.

• Donna will inquire with each parent at drop off Monday through Friday.

• Data will be captured on a paper form.

• Donna inputs daily data into spreadsheet following drop off.


Analysis of data

Analysis – Run Charts

Children receiving a bedtime story

MedianGoal

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

M T W TH F M T W TH F M T W TH F M T W TH FDay of the week

Perc

en

tag

e

of

ch

ild

ren

.

Parents survey

Grassmarket changes

introduced.

Books available at collection time.

Research information handed to

parents.

weekly average displayed for parents




PDSA

Action – Testing Change Ideas

Quality Measurement Journey example


Improve bedtime routines, attachment, literacy

Increase bedtime reading

% of children receiving a bedtime story

number read story/Total Children

daily; no sampling

teacher asks parents at drop off, spreadsheet

run chart

QUESTIONS?

Let’s build a run chart

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Point Number

Po

un

ds

of R

ed

Ba

g W

ast

e

3.25

3.50

3.75

4.00

4.25

4.50

4.75

5.00

5.25

5.50

5.75

6.00

Median=4.610

Mea

sure

Time

The centerline (CL) on a Run Chart is the Median

Elements of a Run Chart

Let’s build a run chart

Month% of children attending Nursery

13-Jan-2013 17%13-Feb-2013 15%13-Mar-2013 9%13-Apr-2013 23%13-May-2013 11%13-Jun-2013 12%13-Jul-2013 23%13-Aug-2013 49%13-Sep-2013 43%13-Oct-2013 78%13-Nov-2013 70%13-Dec-2013 55%13-Jan-2014 75%13-Feb-2014 72%13-Mar-2014 60%13-Apr-2014 55%13-May-2014 62%13-Jun-2014 78%

Let’s build a run chart in Excel.

Measurement for Improvement. Hello & Welcome: what are you here for?

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