Measurement 20and 20inspect
Transcript of Measurement 20and 20inspect
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Dr. P. M. Pandey
http://paniit.iitd.ac.in/~pmpandey
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Measurement & Inspection
Measurementis a procedure in which an unknownquantity is compared to a known standard, using anaccepted and consistent system of units. Measurementprovides a numerical value of the quantity of interestwithin certain limits of accuracy and precision.
Inspection is a procedure in which a part or productcharacteristic, such as a dimension is examined todetermine whether it conforms to the designspecification.Many inspection methods rely on
measurement techniques, while others use gaugingmethod. It is faster than measurement and provides scantinformation about the actual value of the characteristic. Ininspection part passes or fails.
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Linear Measurements
Gage blocks 9 blocks with 0.0001 in. increment from 0.1001 to 0.1009
49 blocks with 0.001 in. increment from 0.101 to 0.149
19 blocks with 0.050 in. increment from 0.050 to 0.950
4 l blocks with 1 in. increment from 1 to 4
2 tungsten steel blocks, each 0.050 in. thick
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Two sizes of outside Calipers Vernier caliper
Micrometer
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Comparative Instruments: Dial Indicator
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Use of Laser in measurements
Laser Interferometer
Fringes created by the two
sources are the measure of
distance. Graphic or digital
output is taken and sensitive
up to a speed of 0.1m/s
ALHD cot
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Angular Measurements
Bevel protractorSine bar
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Surface roughness measurement
Center-line average value (Ra) Root-mean-square-average value (Rq)
Peak to valley height (Ry)
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Three Dimensional Surface Measurement
Optical interference microscopes
Atomic force microscope
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Inspection of Geometric Features
Measurement of Straightness
Autocollimator is used to detect straightness accurately in which alight beam bounces back from the object and measures small
angular deviations. Optical means like laser beams are used to
align individual machine elements in the assembly of machine
components.
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Measurement of Flatness: Interferometry
(a)Measuring flatness using an optical flat (b) Fringes on a flat inclined
surfaces (c) Fringes on a surface with two inclinations (d) Curved fringe
patters indicate curvatures on surface (e) Scratch on the surface
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Measurement of Roundness
(a) Schematic illustration of out of roundness, Measuring roundness using
(b) V-block (c) Part supported on centers and rotated and (d) circular tracing
with part being rotated on a vertical axis
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Measurements of ProfilesThread gauges, Gear
measurement, CMM
(a) Radius gages (b) Dial indicator
Profile Projector
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Limits Fits and Tolerances
Upper and Lower limits of shaft and hole
Clearance, Interference and Transition fits
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Fixed Gages
(a) Plug gage for holes, with Go Not Go on
opposite side
(b) Plug gage for holes, with Go Not Go on one
end
(c) Plain ring gages for round rods
(d) Snap gage with adjustable anvils
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