measles presentation

8/7/2019 measles presentation

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/measles-presentation 1/14

MEASLESBy: Bea Lois M. Torralba



W HAT IS MEASLES?

Measles, also called rubeola, is a highly

contagious respiratory infection that's caused by

a virus. It causes a total-body skin rash and flu-

like symptoms, including a fever, cough, andrunny nose.



SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

While measles is probably best known for the

full-body rash it causes, the first symptoms of the

infection are usually a hacking cough, runny

nose, high fever, and red eyes. A characteristicmarker of measles are Koplik's spots, small red

spots with blue-white centers that appear inside

the mouth.



The measles rash typically has a red or reddish

brown blotchy appearance, and first usually

shows up on the forehead, then spreads

downward over the face, neck, and body, thendown to the arms and feet.



IS MEASLES CONTAGIOUS?

Measles is highly contagious ³ 90% of people

who haven't been vaccinated for measles will get

it if they live in the same household as an

infected person. Measles is spread when someone

comes in direct contact with infected droplets or

when someone with measles sneezes or coughs

and spreads virus droplets through the air. A

person with measles is contagious from 1 to 2

days before symptoms start until about 4 daysafter the rash appears.



PREVENTION

Infants are generally protected from measles for6 months after birth due to immunity passed onfrom their mothers.

For most kids, the measles vaccine is part of the

measles-mumps-rubella immunizations (MMR)or measles-mumps-rubella-varicellaimmunization (MMRV) given at 12 to 15 monthsof age and again at 4 to 6 years of age.

Measles vaccine is not usually given to infantsyounger than 12 months old. But if there's ameasles outbreak, the vaccine may be given whena child is 6-11 months old, followed by the usualMMR immunization at 12-15 months and 4-6years.



Measles vaccine should not be given to pregnant

women or to kids with untreated tuberculosis,

leukemia or other cancers, or people whose

immune systems are suppressed for any reason.

Also, the vaccine shouldn't be given to kids who

have a history of severe allergic reaction to

gelatin or to the antibiotic neomycin, as they are

at risk for serious reactions to the vaccine.



V ACCINE SIDE EFFECTS

Measles vaccine occasionally causes side effects

in kids who don't have underlying health

problems. The most common reactions are fever

between 6-12 days after vaccination (in about 5%-

15% of kids getting the vaccine) and a measles-

like rash, which isn't contagious and fades on its

own (in about about 5% of vaccinated kids).



TREATMENT

There is no specific medical treatment for

measles. To help manage symptoms, which

usually last for about 2 weeks, give your child

plenty of fluids and encourage extra rest. If fever

is making your child uncomfortable, you may

want to give a non-aspirin fever medication such

as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Remember, you

should never give aspirin to a child who has a

viral illness since the use of aspirin in such caseshas been associated with the development

of Reye syndrome.



K ids with measles should be closely monitored.

In some cases, measles can lead to other

complications, such as otitis media, croup,

diarrhea, pneumonia, and encephalitis (a serious

brain infection), which may require antibiotics or

hospitalization.

In developing countries, vitamin A has been

found to decreas



NICE TO KNOW

In developing countries, vitamin A has been

found to decrease complications and death

associated with measles infections. In the U.S.,

vitamin A supplementation should be considered

for children between 6 months and 2 years who

are hospitalized with measles and its

complications. Also, all kids older than 6 months

with risk factors, such as vitamin A deficiency,

weakened immune system, or malnutrition maybenefit from vitamin A supplementation.

measles presentation

Documents

Transcript of measles presentation