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LEGALFORESTPRODUCTSANDINTERNATIONALTRADE:

AREGIONALPERSPECTIVE

August9thand10th,2012


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TABLEOFCONTENTS

TABLEOFCONTENTS...........................................................................................................................1

EXECUTIVESUMMARY........................................................................................................................2

FORESTLEGALITYINLATINAMERICA:ANOVERVIEW........................................................................5

FORESTLEGALITYANDTRADEINLATINAMERICA:SELECTCOUNTRIES.............................................8

SMALLFORESTENTERPRISESANDTHETIMBERTRADE....................................................................12

IMPLICATIONSANDPERSPECTIVESFROMMEXICANFORESTRYSECTOR.........................................15

EMERGINGGLOBALLEGISLATIONTHATIMPACTSTRADEOFFORESTPRODUCTS...........................17

INTERNATIONALBUYERSPERSPECTIVES.........................................................................................22

TECHNOLOGYTOOLSTOPROMOTETRADEOFLEGALWOODPRODUCTS.......................................24

INITIATIVESTOPROMOTETHETRADEOFLEGALFORESTPRODUCTS..............................................27

APPENDIX1OTHERRESOURCES....................................................................................................30

ANEXO2EVENTAGENDA...............................................................................................................31


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AMADHOAsociacindeMadererosdeHonduras

APHISAnimalandPlantHealthInspectionService

CALASCentrodeAccinLegalAmbientalySocialdeGuatemala

CCMSSConsejoCivilMexicanoparalaSilviculturaSostenible

CIFORCenterforInternationalForestryResearch

CITESConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpecies

COFOMPConcesionesForestalesdelPetn

CONAFORComisinNacionalForestal

CORPICoordinadoraRegionaldePueblosIndgenas

EFIEuropeanForestInstituteEIAEnvironmentalInvestigationAgency

EUTREuropeanTimberRegulation

FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganization

FLAForestLegalityAlliance

FORESCOMEmpresaComunitariadeServiciosdelBosque

GEFGlobalEnvironmentalFacility

IUCNInternationalUnionforConservationofNature

IWPAInternationalWoodProductsAssociation

PNUDProgramadeNacionesUnidasparaelDesarrollo

PROFEPAProcuraduraFederaldeProteccinalAmbiente

RedMOCAFRedMexicanadeOrganizacionesCampesinasForestales

RMReforestamosMexico

SEMARNATSecretaradeMedioAmbienteyRecursosNaturales

TPPTrans-PacificPartnership

USAIDUnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopment

USTRUnitedStatesTradeRepresentative

WRIWorldResourcesInstitute


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EXECUTIVESUMMARY

InAugust2012,theForestLegalityAlliance(FLA)andReforestamosMxicoco-hostedtheevent

LegalForest Products and International Trade: A RegionalPerspective. The Allianceis a joint

effortoftheWorldResourcesInstituteandtheEnvironmentalInvestigationAgency,supportedby

theUnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopment.

Theeventbroughttogethermorethan100participantsfrommorethan8countriesfromprivate

companies,civilsocietyorganizations,MexicanandU.S.governmentagencies,tradeassociations

andacademia.Thegroupfocusedonthefollowingobjectives:

Discussingandanalyzinginterregionaltimbertrade.

Discussingandanalyzing forestlegalitychallengesandhowlegalityissuesandtheforest

products trade impacts Latin Americas small andmedium-sized enterprises, includingcommunityforestenterprises.

Providing information to theproducers and exporters about the legal requirements of

timberproductsintheinternationalmarketanditsincreaseddemand.

Timber Interregional trade isnotwell known andthere areinformationbarriers that impedea

deep understanding of the value and volume of the timber product flow in the region. The

EuropeanForestInstituteis supportinga studyto understandtheregionaldynamics.Moreover,

representativesofMexico,Guatemala,Honduras,ColombiaandPerudiscussed illegalloggingin

theircountriesandproposedspecificactionsagainstillegalloggingonanationallevel.

Reducing the demand for timber products that originate from illegal sources in national and

internationalmarketsisawaytowithillegallogging.Halfoftheeventwasdedicatedtodiscussing

thecurrentrequirementsoftimberproductsfromlegalsourcesattheinternationalmarket,both

from private buyers and trade regulations. United States government representatives, the

EuropeanForestInstituteand internationalcorporationsguidedthediscussionof theLaceyAct,

TheEuropeanTimberRegulationandprivatesectorpurchasingpractices.

Theeventconcludedwithadiscussiononinitiativesandresourcesavailabletohelppromotethe

demandfortimberproductsfromlegalsourcesandequippingvaluechainsforthosethatsupply

legal products, aswell as Initiativesand resources, including theForest Legality Alliance andaseriesofexistingandemergingtechnologiesthatcanhelpbusinessestotrackandcontroltherisks

ofillegaltimberintheirvaluechains.


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ThereductionofillegallogginginMexico--andtheLatinAmericanregionasawhole--willrequire

theimplementationofdialogues,meetings andcollaboration betweenstakeholders. Theevent

LegalForestProductsandTrade:aRegionalPerspectivejoinedtheeffortsthatarealreadyinplace

tofacilitatedialogueandthecoordinationagainstillegalloggingInLatinAmerica.


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FORESTLEGALITYINLATINAMERICA:ANOVERVIEW

Participants:

Moderator:AliciaGrimes(USAID)

Regionaloverview:GuillermoNavarro(EARTHUniversity)

Regionaltrade:Amexicanperspective,ErnestoHerrera(Reforestamos

Mxico)

Theobjectiveofthissessionwastoprovideanoverviewofinter-regionaltradeofforestproducts,

movementtowardslegality,andimpactsintheregion.

GuillermoNavarro

Notallillegalactionsresult inenvironmentaldamage;notevery illegalactionhasa legaloption

(e.g.lackofinstitutionalpresence,onlyafewresourcesforlawimplementation);itispossiblethat

some legal actions result in environmental damages and, in the international trade context, aregionaleffortisrequired.

Fig.1.GuillermoNavarro


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Forestsvaluechainsarecomplexandinvolvealotofstakeholders.Intermsoflegalityverification,

inmostcases,differentlevelsareinvolved(e.g.forestryverification,phytosanitarycheck,customs

verification).Furthermore,beinglegalmeansadditionalefforts,moretimeandadditionalcosts.

InCentralAmerica,verifyingtimberlegality,intermsofinterregionaltrade,isaweakeffortandis

limitedbycustomscontrolsandphytosanitarychecks.ThisalsoappliestothespeciesandCITEScontrols.

The dynamicsof timber product trade isnot well known in the region. Statistically, there isa

discrepancy(value,volume)amongdifferentinformationsources(nationalandinterregional)on

timberproducttrade.

In light of these circumstances, a specific study is being developed to provide clear baseline

information for timberproducts between2000-2011 in countries of CentralAmerica.Foreach

country,aseparatecomprehensiveanalysisfortimberproducttradewillbecreated,aswellasa

general overview on the administrative governance (legality verification) for timber product

importsandexports.

ErnestoHerrera

Mexicoproducesonlyaquarterofitstimberconsumption.TheprivatesectorinMexiconeeds

informationrelatedtotheirvaluechains.Itisknownthatillegalloggingexists,thoughitisnot

clearlyidentifiedhowtheillegalwoodisacquirednorhowitentersthesupplychains.Theduality

oftimber(whetheritislegalornot)isrelatedtothelegalityoftheenterprises;thatis,thelevelof

regulationoftheirpurchasesorprocesses.

Itisnecessarytodefinelegaltimber;sustainabletimberandlegaltimberarenotthesame,justas

timbercomingfromexposedlandisnotthesameaslandusechange.Thereistimberthatcanbe

documented,whichistransformedandtheindustryisexpectedtoexportit.

ReforestamosMxicoisconductingastudytoinvestigatethesourceofthetimberthatcomesto

Mexico.Thestudyisbasedoninterviews,withatotalof630enterprisesofwhichatleast120will

beinterviewed.Thepreliminaryresultsshowthatforsomeenterprises,50%oftheirimportscome

fromBrazil,followedbyCanada.

Themainproblemspresentedinthisstudyaretariffbarriersandtheneedfordatastandardizationtobeableto speakthesamelanguage.ForReforestamosMxico,itsimportant tobeableto

provideaccurate information tostakeholders (mainlygovernmentagencies such asSEMARNAT,

CONAFORand PROFEPA)so they cangeneratedialogue processes inorder todefine legality in

MexicoandprovidecertaintyinsustainabilityissuesinMexico.


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ClosingRemarks:

PartnershipshavebeengeneratedinMexicotoensurethatmarketstudieshaveanapproach

focusedoncommunityforestenterprisesinordertolowerinformationbarriers.Theredflagsof

governanceimplicationandcommercialrelationsbetweenCentralAmericaandNorthAmerica

are:informationquality,tradebarriers,commercestrategyandcapacitydefinition.

Fig.2.ForestLegalityinLatinAmericaPanelists


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FORESTLEGALITYANDTRADEINLATINAMERICA:SELECTCOUNTRIES

Participants:

Moderator:VictorLleras,UtzChe Mexico:SergioMadrid,ConsejoCivilMexicano

paralaSilviculturaSostenible

Guatemala:YuriMelini,CALAS

Colombia:WilliamBraham,Institutode

InvestigacionesAmbientalesdelPacifico

Peru:JuliaUrrunaga,EnvironmentalInvestigation

Agency

Honduras:RamnAlvarez;AMADHO

Panelistspresentedageneralperspectiveonthesituationoftheforestsector,andtheproduction

andcommercializationoftimberproductsinMexico,Honduras,Guatemala,ColombiaandPeru.

SergioMadrid(ConsejoCivilMexicanoparalaSilviculturaSostenible,Mexico)

Its important to understand the causes behind illegal markets. Mexico does not have a

responsibleconsumptionculture.Landownershipdisputeshavemadethisacomplextopicdueto

overlapbetweenownersthataregeneratingconflictandpromotingillegallogging.

AnotherproblemfacinglegalityinMexicoisthatpaperworkisexpensiveandtakesalotoftime.

ThisassessmentwasdonebyCCMSSwhohasbeenworkingin15regionsofMexico.Ithasbeen

shownthatSEMARNATtakesatleasttwomonthstoreleasepaperworkthatin conjunctionwith

existence of marginalized areas and the need to trade creates an environment conducive to

illegality.AccordingtoPROFEPA,preventivedetentionof timberhasbeendecreasingin thelast

years,whichequals20thousandcubicmeters.It isestimatedthatillegalproductionisbetween

sevenandeightthousandcubicmeters.

TheverificationsconductedbyPROFEPAonwarehousesareminimumandtheyperforma lotin

the forests;whichmeansthat the focusis onthepeopleworking intheforestandnoton the

trader.Illegalmarketcontributesto increasingpoverty, incomeloss,encouragescorruptionand

discouragesmarketdevelopment.

Fig.3.ForestLegalityPanelists


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Thefollowingisproposed:a)emphasizethefightonthelegalmarket:strengthenthefocusonthe

surveillanceofcommunityforestsandwarehouses,roadsideinspectionsandcertificateoforigin

systems;b)simplifypaperworkandhandlingcosts;andc)createamechanismthatencourages

consumptionbetweenprivateandgovernmentsectors.

YuriMelini(CALAS,Guatemala)

Guatemalahasa125-yearforestrytraditionwithaninfluentialpoliticalframeworkdatingbackto

1996.Legality andgoodmanagement ispossiblethrough loggingconcessions.These incentives

encourageforestinvestment--equivalentto400thousandUSD--andthismoneygoestowards

reforestationprogramsandotherlinesofwork.

The1950sinventoryoftheFAOshowsthatforestscovered58%oftheGuatemalanterritoryand

only28%remains.In2006deforestationcorrespondedto200thousandhectares.Climatechange

adaptationandmitigationplayaprominentroleinreducingvulnerabilitiesfrominhabitantsand

theiraccesstobiomassinhumandevelopmentmanagement.

The Center for Environmental, Social and Legal Action in Guatemala (CALAS, for its Spanish

acronym) developed a regulatory framework that features a data analysis study focused on

economics and law including control application costs and justice. This work is a social,

governability and democracy exercise and its not a public sector topic; it's for the users,

consumers,buyersandstakeholders.

Thelegalitymodel inGuatemalarelieson instrumentationandpublicpolicytoolsthatcreatean

advanced strategy in forestry and management issues. However, the development of law

enforcementeffortsisstillrequired.Sustainabilityoriginatesfromstakeholderparticipation.

WilliamBrahan(InstitutodeInvestigacionesAmbientalesdelPacfico,Colombia)

Colombiaisacountryrecognizedforitsrichforestcover

butitstillisincipientintheefficientuseofitsresources.

Management exists mostly inmining and illicit crops.

Colombiahas 61 thousandhectaresof forest cover, a

deforestationofmorethan300thousandhectaresand

asystemofnaturalprotectedareas.

The Colombian pacific region has the largest forest

cover and accounts for 70% of the timber that getstraded within the country. From the volume used in

2009and2010,almost99thousandcubicmeterswere

traded. Species are classified under: very special,

Fig.4.WilliamBrahan


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special, ordinary and very ordinary, and are traded according to their classification; however,

some species are erroneously reported as ordinarywhen they are actually special. Therefore,

illegalitybeginswhenonespeciesisclassifiedasthewrongone.

Management systems are manual (for example, felling, limbing, bucking, edging and types of

transport, etc.) and there is little chance of transformation, which means that prices differbetweenmanagementsitesandurbanareas.Furthermore,mishandledmanagementimpactsthe

environmentbycreatingdamagesuchasbiodiversityloss,floods,landslides,etc.

JuliaUrrunaga(EnvironmentalInvestigationAgency,Peru)

SincethebeginningoftheUnitedStates-PeruTradePromotionAgreement(PTPA),Peruhasbeen

workingon forestry reformsand developmentprojects.PTPAhas a newmodel that includes a

forestry annex, and contains commitments to reduce corruption and increase transparency,

participationmethodsforlocalcommunitiesandnon-compliancepenalties.Thesepenaltiesmay

become so serious, for example, that the PTPA could be suspended. In this framework of

improvements,thegovernmentofPeruisworkingongeneratingaforestrylawmodel,whichwas

approvedayearagobuthasnotbeenimplementedyet.

InPeru,thisreformframeworkisfocusedonCITESspeciesdestinedfortheUnitedStates.Thisis

becausecountriesareforcedtodeclarethetimberextractionpointwithCITES,allowingtolocate

theirplaceoforiginandallowingvisitstothesitetoverifythatthetimberamountisthesameas

theonereportedatthetimberextractionpoint.

Inventoriesdonebyconcessionariescontainforestryinformationthatisnotaccurate.Thestepsto

extractcommercialtimberarethefollowing:a)getapermit,b)presenta forestrymanagement

plan,c)presentatotalanddetailedinventoryofalltreesandutilizationexplanation,d)approve

(localauthority)theprogram(if thereismahoganyandcedar,CITESmustverifyvolume)ande)

approveutilization.However,thisprocessisntalwaysimplementedandsomeloopholesinthe

lawindirectlysupporttheillegalexportoftreeswithnoaccuratecontroltoavoidthissituation.

OneofthebiggestchallengesintheforestrysectorinPeruistoensurethatlawsareapplied;the

lawisnottheproblem(itisnotthatbad),theproblemisthattheydontknowhowtoimplement

it. There are no ways to ensure transparency and obtain greater access to information. It is

recommended that government facilitatemonitoringandsurveillance capabilitiesformore civil

societyorganizationsandindigenousorganizations.

RamnAlvarez(AMADHO,Honduras)

Hondurasisacountrywith11hectaresandhas7.5millioninhabitants;theforests,60%ofwhich

arebroadleafforestsandtherestconiferforests,coverhalfoftheterritory.FAOdatashowsthat

Honduras, with at least 100 sawmills, is one of the countries with more deforestation in the


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region.97%oftheforestmanagementcomesfromtheconiferforestandlessthan3%fromthe

broadleafforestsincetheseareprotectedareas.

Currently,peopleinHondurasstrugglewithhighlevelsofinsecurity,marketreduction,corruption

andfewinvestmentincentives;consequently,lawenforcementandlandtenureareaproblem.In

thelastthreeyears,supplyforlocaltimberproductshasdecreasedandthedemandofimportedtimberhasincreased;itscheapertobuyfurnituremadeinChinathanmadelocally.

OnesolutionforHondurasistoencouragepoliticianstogenerateactionstocontroltimbersupply.

Forexample,controltimberinthecitiesandforests;enhanceeconomicgrowthbygeneratingand

increasingthedensityofforests;andreducingprotectedareas.Inaddition,topromotelegalitywe

needtoreducecorruption(illegalchargesandillegallogging);thegovernmentshouldimprovethe

legal and personal security; and we should also develop better systems of transparency and

researchthatallowreliablesources.

Amongthepositiveactions,97%oftheforestsarenowprivateandthepublicownedoneshave

managementplansinplace.Eachtreeismeasuredandmarked.Since1992,thecreationofnew

foreststhroughrestorationhasbeenpromoted.

Closingremarks

Legality is increasing its importance globally, for example, in European countries forestry and

productionissuesarebeingpromoted.Thedemandfortimberintheworldisveryhighandto

fightillegalitywemustattacktheproblemofactualconsumption.Itisafactthatthisproblemnot

onlyneedsthesupportofthegovernment,italsorequirestheinvolvementofmorestakeholders.

CIFORmadeaproposalontheengagementofactorsinforestry,thefocuswasseekingtoaddress

andtracktheearningsofillegaltimber.


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SMALLFORESTENTERPRISESANDTHETIMBERTRADE

Participants:

Moderator:ArturoSantos,IUCN Mexico:GustavoSnchez, RedMOCAF

Guatemala:JulioEscalante,CommunityEnterprisefor

ForestsServices(FORESCOM)

Colombia:JhuverGonzalezRivear,LosDelfines

Peru:JuanTapayuriCORPI,AltoAmazonas,Per

Honduras:MelvinCruz,FundacinMaderaVerde

Forest community leaders fromMexico,Guatemala, Honduras,

ColombiaandPerudiscussed their efforts to sustainablymanage forest resources, complywith

nationalandinternationalregulations,andchallengestomarketaccesswhileremainingfinancially

viable.

Mexico:GustavoSnchez,RedMOCAF

TheMexicanNetworkofForestryCommunityOrganizations(RedMOCAF,foritsSpanishacronym)

is comprised of 50 local andregionalorganizations,allofwhich arecorporate entities andare

organizedascommunityenterprises,indigenouscommunitiesorpeasantcommunities(ejidosor

communities).

Inthelate70sand80s,ejidosandcommunitieswereallowedtomanagetheirresourcesinMexico

--calledthecommunityforestrymodelandhasbeendrivenbythesocio-productionpolicyin

ordertoempowerownersmanagingtheirresources.

Illegallogging isoneof themain problems that forestry companiesface forconsolidation. It is

estimatedthatforeverycubicmeteroflegalproduction(6thousandcubicmeters)thereisatleast

one cubicmeterof illegal production.Anotherproblem of the forestry sector is stagnation in

processing,anissuethatmustbeaddressedintwoareas:a)fromproductivity(thequalityofthe

site)andb)thecounterparty,morebalancedpublicinversioninforestry.

Currently,resourcesthatareinvestedinforestryarefocusedonconservationissuesandincome

subsidies. These topics arenot alignedtodevelopment,which implies that bybeing separated

they also can be forgotten. Only 30% of the subsidies are focused on forestry production, a

numberthatshouldbehighertobemorebeneficial.

Fig.5.Smallforestenterprises


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Carbonmarketsanditsadvantages,aswellastheruralcommunitiesrights,areissuesthatshould

also be considered important. Legality is not only related to coercive forces. A successful

environmental strategy includes market intervention through transformation centers and

consumerenterprisesintervention.

Guatemala:JulioEscalante,Communityenterpriseforforestsservices(FORESCOM)

FORESCOM isa companyfromGuatemala formedby theforestry communitiesthat constitute

COFOMP (Forest Concessions in Petn). These communities manage 322,000 hectares, and

harvest seven thousand cubic meters of timber. FORESCOM seeks to add valueto products in

ordertoincreasethechainofbenefitsforproducercommunities(directbeneficiaries)andindirect

beneficiaries,although thevolume issmall.FORESCOMtakes intoaccountall legalmeasuresto

maximizewhattheyneedfromtheforest.

TheFORESCOMoperationareais authorizedtoexploit

29species;however,tradingreallyisaffectedbyillegal

activities, such as timber laundering, which reduces

revenuepotential.

Colombia:JhuverGonzalezRivear,LosDelfines

osDelfineshas24hectares ofprimarywealthy forest,

covering 15communities.Los Delfines iscomposedby

communityforestenterprises,whicharelookingtotake

an active role in the transformation of resources,

benefiting their region and they are looking foropportunitiestoexpandtheirmarketaswellastomake

morepartnershipsandalliances.Inthiscontext,theyare

workingtoincreasetheprofitsoftheircommunitiesand

intermediariesarenottheonlybeneficiaries.

Peru:JuanTapayuri,CORPI,AltoAmazonas

AIDESEPconsidersthatpublicpolicymustbereflectedin

thecommunities.AIDESEPiscomprisedbydiverseand

they work on topics such as health, education and

publicpolicy,andtheforestmanagementpromotionin

ordertoensurefuturesustainability.

Fig.6.LosDelfinesCommunityCouncil

Fig.7.AIDESEPpresentation


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Honduras:MelvinCruz,FundacinMaderaVerde

Thefoundationseekstoimprovethesocioeconomicstatusofthefamiliesandtheopportunityfor

theseforestcommunitieslivingaroundprotectedareastocompeteinthetimbermarket.

The Fundacin Madera Verde serves as a technical facilitator in timber production. Timber

productionhasthreephases:establishment,productionandexport.

Thefoundationislocatedinthreeregionsofthecountry,andislookingtoexpandtheiroperations

and improve productivity. The communities where the foundation works have incorporated

women inproductive activities,generatedhydropowerof 12kilowatts for thecommunity,and

have monitoring of timber along the value chain to prevent product contamination. The

communitieshaveaprofitmarginandhaveprojectfunds,socialsecurityandsavings.

ClosingRemarks:

Eliminateillegallogging,simplifyprocedures,eliminateillegalinvadersandfindincentives

forsustainableforestmanagement.

Buildcapacitytoenterthemarket.

Promote respectful dialogues between sectors, eliminate mistrust between the social

sectorandthemarket,andlookforneedsandshortages.

Encouragemoresocialresponsibilityinbusinessandencouragelegalpurchases.

Createincentives,rewardandsimplifyprocessesbecausetheybecomecomplicated.

Transfertechnologyandincreasedtechnicalassistance.

Investinmachineryandtechnologydevelopment,andadministrationsystems.


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IMPLICATIONSANDPERSPECTIVESFROMMEXICANFORESTRYSECTOR

Participants:

Moderator:TaniaMijares,RealidadClimticaMxico EjidosLaCiudad,SanPabloyVencedores:AlmaLiliMena

CmaradelaIndustriaMaderera:JosCibrinTovar,

CONAFOR-PNUD-GEF:JuanManuelBarrera,

CONAFOR:IgnacioAntonioGonzlezHernndez

Mexican forestry sector stakeholders presented and discussed the implications of the new

businessenvironment.ThepanelistsalsosharedtheirperspectivesontheMexicanforestrysector,

itscompetitivenessandmarketdynamics.

JuanManuelBarrera(PNUD-CONAFOR)

It isnot only important toaskwheretimber comesfrom, it isa fundamental issue. Currently,

forest certification is an alternativethat canensure thelegality of products and facilitate their

tracking.

Communitygovernanceisalignedtocommunityorganizationsandthosewhoapplythelaw,andis

linkedtoland-useregulationandequipping.Theresaneedtosupportinitiativesthatpromote

these kinds of actions, in addition to strongly fostering links between local and municipal

governments.

One of the key objectives is to ensure that timber is an equitable business and focused on

sustainability.Otherwise,itwillhavenegativeimplicationssuchasillegality.

InMexico, theres an 8.5 hectare area under sustainable forest management, the authorized

volume is 10 million cubicmeters and the production is 5.8 million cubicmeters. The trade

balancedenoteslittlecomparedtowhatitisproduced.

The timbermarketing and productionmodel is, in several cases, focused on job creation and

neglectsotheraspects.RawmaterialsareveryexpensiveinMexico, theDerechodeMonteis

theinstrumentthatreflectsthevalueofthetimbersales.

TherearesuccessandimportantstoriessuchasLaCiudad,Vencedores,SanPablo,Ixtlan,etc.Inall

thesecases,theresa supportprocess from thegovernmentonmanagementissues,marketing,

etc.Governanceisakeyissuetomakethiswork.Therewillbenocommunitypeopleagainstthese

ideasiftheyareorganized.


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AlmaLiliMena(EjidosdeDurango)

For several years, there have been voluntary certification processes in Durango, which have

allowed theapplication of international standards seeking to balance thesocial and economic

environment.

Ejidos are the basis of production and these companies have demonstrated quality and

professionalism in the manufacture and sale of their products. These companies have faced

disadvantagesintermsofpricesanditsstrategyhasbeentopromotegoodpracticesandensure

that they base their action on legality; this way, they raise competitiveness and ensure the

demandfortheirproductsinthemarket.

For the ejidos, having intermediaries on the sale of their products is still a challenge since

communitiesdonotreceive100%oftheresourcesforwhichtheyareworking.Theyneedsystems

toclosethegapbetweenbuyersandproducers.

Forejidosandcommunities,barriers tomarket accessandfinancing arethe currentdynamics,

wherebusinessmendontinvestigatetheoriginof timberandhaveaninclinationtowardsprice

points.Inaddition,toaccessfundingtheyneedtofollowmanystepsandoftentheyarenotloan

candidatesbecausetheydontgeneratetheneededtrust.

JosCibrinTovar(CmaradeIndustriadelaMadera)

Legalityisanissuethatshouldinvolveallsectorsofsocietytogetstrongerandbeviable,notjust

theforestrysector. Thedifferentstructuresof governmentand different sectorsof civil society

shouldfacilitatetheprocess.Itshouldstimulateinvestmentanddevelopamuchmoreorganizedforestpolicy.

We cannot forget that our forest resources under management are the future and wemust

analyzewhatpoliciesareneededtoliftthissector.

ClosingRemarks:

InMexico,theSustainableDevelopmentActanditsregulationsdefineforestmanagementareas.

Manyforestareashaveinsufficientfundstomakemanagementplans.Originally,PROCYMAFwas

theonepromotingthesesubsidiesanditstillcanbeausefultool.Managementtypesshouldbe

defined and development schemes must be real. It is necessary to encourage investment intechnologicaldevelopmentandthestudyofspeciesandforestregenerationsystems.


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EMERGINGGLOBALLEGISLATIONTHATIMPACTSTRADEOFFORESTPRODUCTS

Participants:

Moderator:MauricioLimn,SubsecretariodeGestinparalaProteccinAmbiental,

SEMARNAT.

U.S.Governmentrepresentatives:GaryLougee(APHIS),DavidOliver(USTR),U.S.Lacey

Act.

EFI:DidierDevers,EUTR.

EnvironmentalInvestigationAgency:TomBewick,NGOperspectivesabouttheU.S.Lacey

Act.

ThepanelistsdiscussedtheU.S.LaceyAct,theEUTR,andtheimpactsoftheselawsatthelocalandinternationallevels.

DavidOliver(UnitedStatesTradeRepresentative)

TheU.S.addressesillegalloggingbypromotingandsupportingthetradeoflegalforestproducts.

The U.S. takes a holistic approach to address illegal logging that includes alliances with other

governments, the private sector, civil society organizations, and international organizations,

forgingcommitments,tradeagreements,andsupportingresearchandinnovationtosupportgood

forestmanagement

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is an agreement mechanism between the U.S. and othercountriesinAsiaandthePacific.MexicoandCanadawilljointhenegotiationstowardstheendof

theyear.WithintheTPP,theU.S.promotestheadoptionofprohibitionsinthetradeofforest

productsofillegalorigin,theadoptionofcivilandcriminalpenaltiestoenforcetheprohibitions,

andbettercooperationtoimplementtheprohibitions.

Regarding research, the U.S. government is supporting the development of innovative

technologiestoidentifyandtracewoodsuchasDNAfingerprinting,useofbarcodesandisotope

analysis. TheU.S.governmentsupports alsoCIFORto assess theefficiencyof sustainable forest

managementsystemsandtoolssuchasforestcertification.

TheLaceyACtisafloraandfaunaprotectionstatue.TheLaceyActwasfirstputinplacein1900,

and it has beenamended several times. The most recent amendment was in2008. The main

objectiveofthe2008amendmentwastoextendtheprotectionagainstillegaltrafficofanimaland


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animalproducts,toplantandplantproducts,includingforestproducts.Theamendmentexpands

protectionbycontrollingtheimport,export,transportandtradeofplantproducts.

Inlesstechnicalterms,theLaceyActestablishesrequirementstobuyandsellforestproductsin

theU.S.market. The LaceyAct does not apply tocommon cultivars, or common consumption

species (except trees), species subject to scientific investigation that are not threatened withextinction,andspeciestobeusedingreenhousesorthatwillbereplanted.

TheU.S.governmentwillberesponsibleforprosecutinganddemonstrateviolationstotheLacey

Act.TheU.S.governmentwillalsoberesponsibleforapplyingrelevantpenalties,whichcouldbe

civilpenalties(fines)orcriminal(finesandjailtime),andtheforfeitureoftheproducts.

Importers have to submit declaration for plant and plant-based products. The information

required in the declaration includes basic information about the shipment and the products

including: scientific name of the plant (genus and species), country of origin, amount of the

product,valueoftheproduct,etc.Nevertheless,thedeclarationisnotalegalitycertificationand

importersarenotrequiredtoprovideinformationaboutthelegalityorthesupplychainof their

products.

Fig.8.Emerginglegislationpanel


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GaryLaugee(AnimalandPlantHealthInspectionService(APHIS),DepartamentodeAgricultura

delosEstadosUnidos)

APHISistheU.S.agencyresponsibleforcollectingandanalyzingtheinformationinDeclaration

Form required by the Lacey Act for importers. Importers are responsible for filling out the

declaration. Besides collecting and analyzing the information, APHIS provides information tofacilitateandsupportcompliancewiththedeclarationrequirement.

TheLaceydeclarationrequirementdoesnotcoverallproducts,anditisbasedtheHarmonized

TariffSystemcode(HTScodes).Forexample,an importerdoesnotneedto filloutadeclaration

formforabagpipemadewithwoodpartsthatbelongtotheHTS92059020,buttheprohibitionof

illegalwoodtradingappliestoallthewoodusedtomaketheinstrument.Thismeansthatifthe

bagpipewasmadewithillegalwood,importingtheproducttotheU.S.isaviolationoftheLacey

Act.

Thedeclarationformhasbeensimplifiedinthepastfewyearstohelptheimportersunderstand

betterwhatinformation isrequiredtoimporttheproductto theU.S., forexamplethescientific

name,theoriginoftherawmaterials,andtheoriginoftheexport.


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TheLaceyActisaU.S.anditonlyaffectsU.S.importersalthoughthereareimplicationsforactors

outside of the U.S. The U.S. importers are responsible for collecting and presenting the

informationtotheU.S.government.APHISalsoseekstoprovideassistancetoimporterstocollect

information about their products. APHIS has set up an Internet page for users to find

information/answers about the Lacey Act at

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/lacey_act/index.shtml.Questionsandcommentscanbe

senttoAPHISat [email protected]

TomBewick(EnvironmentalInvestigationAgency)

TheEnvironmentalInvestigationAgency(EIA)hasinvestedsignificantresourcestocombatillegal

logging,promotingtheLaceyActamendmentandLacey-likelegislationsinAustralia.Therehave

been a significantamountof effortsto promotethetradeof legal products, buttherehasnot

beenarealpositiveimpactinthecommunitiesintermsofbetterprices.Thisisthereasonwhy

manychooseillegality.

There areadvantages indeveloping voluntary legalitymeasures, buttherearestillproblemsin

newandemergingmarketssuchasCameroonandIndonesia. InLatinAmerica,therehavebeen

effortstocontrolillegallogging,includingpromotingtheLaceyAct.Itisimportanttoimprovethe

image of LatinAmerica asa responsibleproducer asmore andmoreU.S. importers are more

interestedinmonitoringtheirvaluechains.

OneoftheactivitiesthatEIAundertakestocombatillegalloggingistofocusonspeciesthatare

protectedbythelawsinthecountryoforigin.Forexample,inthecaseofGibsonGuitars,the

focus was on ebony, which has been under protection in Madagascar since 2006. EIAs

investigation inMadagascarculminatedwith thefirstLaceyAct implementationaction,and the

criminalagreementbetweenGibsonGuitarsandtheU.S.DepartmentofJustice.Inthiscase,itwasdetermined that Gibson tradedwith illegally logged ebony, and the company had topay stiff

penalties: donate US$ 50,000 to a foundation and pay a US$ 261,000 fine. This was the first

successfulapplicationofLacey.

However, market legality requirements have limited reach, and U.S. and European laws and

regulationneedtobe strengthenedandimprovedtoinclude tradeagreementsin countrieslike

China.Anotherimportantchallengeistoaccesslegalwoodataccessibleprices.

DidierDevers(EFI-EUTR)

Producer countries are not the only one to blame for illegal logging, buyer countries alsocontributetotheproblem.Thisisthereasonwhylargebuyercountriesarechangingtheirlawsto

decreasetheconsumptionofillegaltimber.


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TheEuropeanUnionTimberRegulation(EUTR)requiresbuyerstoknowntheplaceoforiginofany

product imported to Europe because they are responsible foranypotential implications if the

woodisofillegalorigin.

There are various requirements of the prohibition for thosewho first place the wood in the

Europeanmarket.Forinstance:informthemselvesabouttheoriginofthewood(similartotheU.S.LaceyAct),andassesstheriskofsourcingillegalwoodintheirsupplychainstoreducetherisk

ofillegality.

Closingremarks:

BasedontheEUTR,theillegalityisdefinedaccordingtothelawsinthecountryoforigin,

specificallylawsthataddress:

Theuseandaccessrightsbasedonthelawsofthecountryoforigin.

Thepaymentofapplicablefeesandtaxesfortheuseofthewood.

Theuseofwoodfrommanagedforestsandpromotingbiodiversityconservation. Thelegalrightsofothers(third-parties)tousethewood.

Tradeandcustomslawsrelatedtotheforestsector.

Therearelittle importsfromLatinAmericatoEurope,andsome LatinAmerican producers see

Europeasamarketthatisoutof reach.Nevertheless,LatinAmericanproducersneedtochange

theirperspectivesandseetheglobalpicture.


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INTERNATIONALBUYERSPERSPECTIVES

Participants:

Moderator:ErnestoHerrera,ReforestamosMxico

TaylorGuitars:ChrisCosgrove

InternationalWoodProductsAssociation(IWPA):AshleyAmidon

MasisaMexico:LeoSchlesinger

Representatives from global leading companies discussed how they face the global market

requirementsoflegalwood.

ChrisCosgrove(TaylorGuitars)

TaylorGuitarsfacesillegalityproblemswithsomespeciesthataredifficulttoidentifyortracktheir

placeoforigin.Everycountryestablishesdifferentdocumentstohelptrackandidentifytheorigin

of theproducts, but, forTaylor, themost important approachhas been to involveevery actor

along thesupply chain (individuals,businessesandgovernmentsin theproducingcountries), to

addressthelegalityissues.

AshleyAmidon(InternationalWoodProductsAssociation)

IWPAmembershavechangedtheirpurchasingpractices,tryingtoincreasethetransparencyinthe

supplychain andavoid discrepancieswith theinformation in thecountry oforigin.In terms of

legality, itwillbe terrible ifwood products lose their value becausetherewillbe no reason to

manageforestsforwoodproduction.Ifweworkwithcommunityforests,orsmalllandowners,weshouldnotforgetthatitisimportanttoimprovetheconditionsontheground.

LeoSchlesinger(Masisa)

InMexico,theproblemneedstobeaddressednotonlyfromthedemandside.Theproblemisthat

thereisanimbalanceinthemarket.Morethan60percentofthe forestproductsinMexicoare

imported.InMexico,nativeforestsaretheonlysourcetomeetthedemandof forestproducts;

thisscenarioishighlyinefficientandexpensivebecausethereisnotsupplytomeetthedemand.

Chilehas3millionhectaresofforestplantationsandproduces45millioncubicmetersofwood.

Mexicohas56millionhectaresofnativeforests,andtheproductionmeetsonlybetweenand10

percentofthedemandinthecountry.Thesystemishighlyinefficient;weneedfixsatisfyingthe

demandfirst.Inthissituation,thelegalityofthewoodcouldbecomeanobstacleevenifitiswell

intentioned.Commercial forestplantationscouldposea solutionto this problem;in general, in

other countries particularly thecommunities that live in the forestsmanage native forests for


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conservationpurposesonly.Theremightbecaseswheremanagementisforproduction,butin

thiscase[inMexico]isnotenoughtomeetthedemand.Wehavetoworktoensurethelegality

andsustainabilityoftheproductsforconsumption;ensuringlegalityandsustainabilityistheonly

waytoknowiftheforestproductisreliable.

ErnestoHerrera(ReforestamosMxico)

Ifourvisionistoensurethattheforestsectorfunctionsasabusinessinthefuture,wehaveto

focusonthecommunities,evenifthismeansabiggerinvestmentatthemoment,becauseweare

investinginthefuture.

Closingremarks:

Forestplantationsareanalternativetocombatillegallogging.Itwouldbelessexpensivetoextract

timberfromaplantationthanharvestingillegallyinanativeforest.

Regardinga companysownplantations.TaylorGuitarsacquiredmahoganyforestplantationsin

Fiji.Atthetimeofacquisition,theydidnotknowwhatsustainabilityimplied,andtheyarenow

developing that plantation. ForMasisa, the development of sustainable plantations inMexico

needstobesupportedwithincentivesandalliances.

Subsidies.Nowadays,therearenosubsidiesinMexico.Ingeneral,thesupportforplantationsisa

significantlysmallerthanthehelpavailabletocattleranchers,andtheygetaccesstoassistanceon

anannualbasis.Alltheincentivestocattleranchingareveryinefficientbecausethelandswhere

thoseoperationsareestablishedarenotproductiveingeneral.

It is important to simplify paperwork, mitigate environmental impacts and develop integrated

business solutions. The innovation strategies are focused on resolving environmental problemssuch as climate change, deforestation, water scarcity and environmental impacts; the social

aspectsfocusmostlyonlaborandonmarginalizedpopulations.

Itisimportanttoeducatetheconsumer.


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TECHNOLOGYTOOLSTOPROMOTETRADEOFLEGALWOODPRODUCTS

Participants:

Moderator:VictorLopezIllescas,UtzChe

IdentificacindeMadera:ShelleyGardner,USFS

Helveta:PhilipBriscoe,Cdigosdebarraysistemascomputacionalesderastreo

DoubleHelix:DarrenThomas,RastreousandoADN

Thepanelistsdiscussedandpresentedcurrentandupcomingtechnologiestoidentifywoodand

tracetheiroriginthroughthesupplychain.

ShelleyGardner(USFS)

There are currently various methods to trace

thewoodthroughthesupplychainandidentify

the wood species; for example, using wood

anatomy, or identifying the wood fingerprint.

Woodpulpcanbeanalyzedinthemicroscopeto

identify some of the pulp components; for

example, if the mix contains bamboo, tropical

woods, hardwoods or softwoods, etc. This is

very useful, specially to identify species

protectedunderCITES.

Using intelligent mechanisms, wood fingerprinting

allowstheidentificationof featuressuchas thearea

oforiginandthegenusofthewood.Taxonomistsandgeneticscientistshaveworkedtogetherto

improveidentificationandtrackingtechniquessuchasusingDNA.

Currently, there are efforts to partner with other specialists working on other vanguard

technologies,suchasisotopespectrometryandbarcoding.

DarrenThomas(DoubleHelix)

DNAtrackingcanbeusedtoidentifytheregion,thecountry,theconcessionsandthegenusandspeciesof thewood, depending on theconditions andthe level of informationneeded.Wood

anatomy can be used to identify genus and species. Through DNA, scientists can identify

informationsuchasthegeographicorigin,thespecies,andeventheinteractionofspecieswithin

Fig.10.Fiberanalysis


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onearea.UsingDNAfingerprintingscientistscanidentifyspecificfeaturestoidentify,forexample,

ifthewoodcamefromthesametree.

Isotope analysis can help identify regions and countries because the element-absorption is

differentindifferentplacesoftheworld.Itmightnotbepossibletoidentifythespecies,butitis

possibletoidentifywoodfromtwoconcessionsinthesamearea.

Thesetechnologiesareusefultocontrolthesupplychain.Thesenewtoolsopenalternativesthat

werenotavailablebefore,andaddalevelofassuranceabouttheoriginoftheproductsandthe

suppliers.

Double-HelixiscurrentlyusingDNAtocreategeneticmapsinCentralAmerica,BoliviaandBrazil,

inpartnershipwith stakeholdersworkingwithmahogany. Theobjective is tocombatexcessive

harvesting,buttheyarestartingwithdevelopingthegeneticmarkersofanumberoffeatures.

PhilipBriscoe(Helveta)

Trackingtechnologiesusingbarcodeshelpimprovegovernanceandcombatillegallogging.Using

barcodes andelectronicdatabases, companies candemonstratethe originof theproductand

Fig.11.Identificationbasedonthedifferenttechnologiesavailable


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meet the requirements of laws from the U.S., the European Union, and other countries and

internationalagreements.

Withbarcoding technology,companiescanmanagecostsassociatedwith legalitybecausethey

cantrackthesupplychainfrombeginningtoend,reducetheriskofillegalwoodenteringinthe

supplychain,andincreasethereliabilitywhichcanhelpinsecuringpermits.

Usingbarcodesto trackspeciescanhelp identifyduplicates;italsohelpsdeterillegalactivities

becauseeach specie/piece hasuniquebarcodes. It is possible (and recommended) touse the

systemincommunityforestoperationsbecausethepeople inthecommunitiescanlearntouse

thetechnologyonthegroundandbeempoweredtocombatillegallogging.

Companiescanalsocontrolandtracktheproductsforimport, forexample,trackthemahogany

from thecommunities inHondurasto TaylorGuitars inCalifornia. In this specific example, the

FundacionMaderaVerdeprovidessupporttothecommunity.

Closingremarks:

It is important to assess the

limitations of introducing new

technologies in counties in Latin

America that do not use the

technologiesyet.

It is a challenge to introducemobile

technologies to isolatedcommunities.

Insomecases,therearenotenough

laboratoriestoconducttheanalyses.

Promote the participation of the

communitiestoadoptthetechnology

tools.

Definewho,withinthesupplychain,

pays for the adoption of newtechnologies.

Fig.16PasesquerealizantrabajoconHelveta

Fig.12.Helvetatrackingsolutions


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INITIATIVESTOPROMOTETHETRADEOFLEGALFORESTPRODUCTS

Participants:

Moderator:TomBewick

Veeduria,Per:JuanTapayuri

AlianzaparalaLegalidadForestal:RuthNoguern

ForestlegalityframeworkforMexico:EduardoJr.Arenas,ReforestamosMxico

FLEGT,DidierDevers,EFI

DanielArancibiaWWF-GFTN

Thepanelistspresentedotherinitiativesthatseektosupportthetradeoflegalforestproducts.

TheVeeduriaisatechnicalbodywithintheindigenouscommunityorganizationinPeru.The

Veeduriaisdesignedtostrengthenexistingcommunitymechanismsthathavebeenestablishedto

ensurethewellbeingofthecommunity,protecttheirlandrights,andmanagetheirforestresources.TheVeeduriaisaninnovativedevelopmentinitiativetodeveloptraditionalforest

managementbybuildingcapacityandempoweringmembersofthecommunitiestoprotecttheir

forestresourcesfromexternalpartiesandpreventforestdegradation.

ThefocusoftheVeeduriaistoprovidetechnicalassistancetoindigenouscommunities.InPeru,

mostofthecommunitiestransfertheirpermitstothirdorintermediaryparties,whichoften

misusetheresourceandselltheproductsillegally.Asaresult,almost100percentofthe

communitiesthattransferthepermitsarefined.Intermediaries,orthirdparties,takeadvantage

ofthelackofcommitmentfromthecommunitiestomanagetheirforestresourcesresponsibly

becausetheydonothavetheknowledgeorcapacitytomanagetheirresources.

Throughtheprocess,theVeeduriasarebeginningtomonitorandcontrolthepermittingprocess.

WithouttheVeedurias,themanagementplansaremanagedbythirdpartiesusingfalseor

unrealisticinformation.Asaresult,theforestsaremismanagedandwhentheauthoritiesshow

up,thepeopleinthecommunityarepenalizedforthemismanagement.TheVeeduriaspromove

thegoodmanagementoftheforestsbythecommunities,andtheypreventtheuseofthird

partieswhicharetheonesinvolvedinthetradeofillegalforestproducts.

RuthNoguern(ForestLegalityAlliance)

TheForestLegalityAlliance(FLA)isaninitiativemanagedbytheWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI),EIAandUSAID.TheFLAseekstoworkwithdifferentactorsalongthedifferentstepsofthesupply

chains.


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TheFLAisaresponsetothemarketdemandsoflegalforestproducts.ThemissionoftheAlliance

istosupportthedemandoflegalforestproducts,andworkwithstakeholdersalongthesupply

chainstomeetthisdemand.TheAlliancehasapproximately80membersfromplacesliketheU.S.,

Canada,Asia,Europe,andalsoMexico.MembersincludeNGOs,privatecompaniessuchasTaylor

Guitars,andtradeassociations.

TheAllianceprovidesandshareinformationtohelpimportersassestheriskofsourcingillegal

forestproducts,andtohelpcompaniesimprovetheirsourcingpractices.TheFLAisworkingon

variouscasestudieswithmemberslikeTaylorGuitarsinHonduras,IKEAinChinatodocument

theirsupplychaincontrolsystems,andaBrazilianflooringcompanythatproducesFSC-certified

hardwoodfloorsthatareexportedtotheU.S.

TheAlliancelaunchedalsoanInternettoolwherethereiscontextinformationaboutthelegal

frameworkinvariouscountries,CITESprotectedtimberspecies.TheAlliancealsoprovides

informationabouttheLaceyActrequirementsintermsofthedeclarationrequirement.

EduardoJr.Arenas(ReforestamosMexico)

Asacountry,weneedthegovernmenttorecognizethevalueoftheforests.Withoutalegal

framework,theforestshavenofuture.IncollaborationwithTRAFFICandIUCN,Reforestamos

Mexicoisdevelopinganinitiativethatseekstobuildtheunderstandingaboutthelegalityin

Mexico,andtheentrypointsforlegalreforminthecountry.Inthissense,Mexicoisavery

complexcountryandthemarketislittleregulated.Theinitiativeseekstobuildageneral

understandingamongdifferentstakeholdersinthesector,anddefinethecomponentsofalegality

definition.

TRAFFICdevelopedninecriteriathatseektohelpdefineandassesslegality;thesecriteriaarethe

basisoftheconsultationprocessthatReforestamosMexicoisconsidering.ReforestamosMexicois

involvedinthisprocessbecausetheorganizationisinterestedinopeningspacestodiscusslegality

andgovernanceandpromoteandincreasedparticipationofdifferentstakeholdersinthesector.

DidierDevers

Weneedtoworkwithallstakeholdersinthepublicsector,notonlyactorsinvolvedintheforest

sector(e.g.involvingcustoms,transportation,justice,etc).TheFLEGTPlanhasvariousentrypoints

fortheEuropeanUniontoengagewithproducingcountries.Engagementisthroughadialogue

focusedonlegality,andbasedontherespectofthecountriessovereignty.

Itisimportanttorememberthatalllegality-focusedinitiatives,whichbythewayrelateto

governance,seektopromoteinternationaltrade.WithintheFLEGTprocess,allrelevant

stakeholdersdefinewhatlegalwoodis,accordingtothenationallegalframework.Thisisthefirst

phase.Nextistodefineatraceabilitysystem,andthencomesimplementationandcontrol.


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DanielArancibia(WWF-GFTN)

GFTNisaWWFprogramthatbeganin1991.Theprogramisfocusedongreenprocurement

managementpractices,andtradeofgreenproducts.Toenableasupplyofsustainablyproduced

products,weshouldpromotethelegalityoftheproducts.Thisisthestartingpoint.

GFTNpromotestheseprinciplesinPeru,Brazil,Colombia,PanamaandBolivia.InBolivia,almostall

forestcompaniesarecertifiedunderFSC.Itiscriticaltoinvolveallstakeholdersandpromote

alliancesalongthesupplychain,fromproducerstoconsumers.

Closingremarks:

Establishdialogues,focusedonlegality,betweenMexicoandtheEuropeanUnion

Thegovernment,beingthemaintimberbuyerinMexico,shouldpromotethepurchaseof

productsthatarelegalandresponsiblyproduced.

Promotetheidentificationoflocalsupplychains.

Systematizepurchasingcommitmentsandidentifystrategicareasofinterest.

EstablishcollaborationsbetweengroupslikeSEMARNATandIUCNtoconductresearchandbetter

implementpurchasingcommitments.

Continuethediscussionsonforestgovernance,andpromotethateachstakeholdertakestheir

responsibilityinpromotingbettergovernanceandsustainability.

Fig.13.Eventclosing,ErnestoHerrera


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APPENDIX1OTHERRESOURCES

AnInsideLookAtLatinAmericasIllegalLoggingPartOne

http://insights.wri.org/news/2012/09/inside-look-latin-americas-illegal-logging--part-

one#fn:1 AnInsideLookatLatinAmericasIlegalLoggingParttwo

http://insights.wri.org/news/2012/09/inside-look-latin-americas-illegal-logging--part-two

PerspectivassobrelaTalaIlegalenAmricaLatinaParteI

http://www.reforestamosmexico.org/blog/general/foro-de-legalidad-forestal

PerspectivassobrelaTalaIlegalenAmricaLatinaParteII

http://www.reforestamosmexico.org/blog/general/perspectivas-sobre-la-tala-ilegal-en-

america-latina-parte-iii

Eventpresentationshttp://www.forestlegality.org/content/mexico-meeting


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ANEXO2EVENTAGENDA

Legal Forest Products and International Trade: A Regional Perspective.

August 9 10, 2012

Centro Cultural Casa Lamm, Mxico City, Mxico

August 9th

8:00 8:30 Registration

8:00 - 9:30 Breakfast and Welcoming Remarks (Alicia Grimes, Ernesto Herrera,

Adam Grant)

9:30 - 10:30 Forest Legality in Latin America:An Overview

An overview of inter-regional trade of forest products, movement towards

legality, and impacts in the region.

Participants:

Intro and moderator: Alicia Grimes (USAID)

Regional overview: Guillermo Navarro (EARTH University)

Regional trade: A mexican perspective, Ernesto Herrera (ReforestamosMxico)

10:30 - 11:00 Coffee Break

11:00 - 1:00Forest Legality and Trade in Latin America: Select Countries

Experts from Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia and Peru will provide an

overview of the harvest and trade of forest products in their respective countries

and the corresponding economic and ecological impacts.

Participants:

Moderator: Victor Lleras, Utz Che

Mexico: Sergio Madrid, Consejo Civil Mexicano para la Silvicultura Sostenible Guatemala: Yuri Melini, CALAS

Colombia: William Braham, Instituto de Investigaciones Ambientales delPacifico

Peru: Julia Urrunaga,Environmental Investigation Agency Honduras: Ramn Alvarez; AMADHO

1:00 - 2:00 Lunch


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2:00 - 3:45 Small Forest Enterprises and the Timber Trade

Forest community leaders from Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia and

Peru will discuss their efforts to sustainably manage forest resources, comply

with national and international regulations, and challenges to market access

while remaining financially viable.

Participants:

Moderator:Arturo Santos, IUCN

Mexico: Gustavo Snchez,Red MOCAF Guatemala: Julio Escalante, Empresa Comunitaria de Servicios del Bosque

(FORESCOM)

Colombia: Jhuver Gonzalez Rivear; Representante Legal, Los Delfines Peru: Juan Tapayuri CORPI, Alto Amazonas, Per

Honduras: Melvin Cruz, Fundacin Madera Verde


4:15 - 5:30 Implications & Perspectives from Mexican Forestry Sector

Participants:

Moderator: Tania Mijares, Realidad Climtica Mxico Ejidos La Ciudad, San Pablo y Vencedores:Alma Lili Mena

Cmara de la Industria Maderera: Jos Cibrin Tovar,

CONAFOR-PNUD-GEF: Juan ManuelBarrera, CONAFOR: Ignacio Antonio Gonzalez Hernandez,

5:30-6:30 Cocktail

August 10th

8:00 8:30 Registration

8:00 - 9:30 Breakfast and Regional Trade Issues (Recap), Filippo del Gatto

9:30 - 11:00Emerging Global Legislation affecting trade in wood products

The Lacey Act and European Union Timber Regulation both prohibit theimport of illegal sourced forest products. Panelist will discuss these laws and

their impacts at home and abroad.

Participants:


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Moderator: Mauricio Limn, Undersecretary for Environmental Protection

Management, SEMARNAT

U.S. Policies on Combating Illegal Logging and Associated Trade, and theU.S. Lacey Act: Gary Lougee APHIS, David Olivier USTR

Implications of the U.S. Lacey Act: Tom Bewick, EIA.

Timber Trade Regulation: Didier Devers, EFI


11:30 - 1:00 International Buyers Perspectives

Examples of companies addressing the demand for legal products

Participants:

Moderator: Ernesto Herrera, Reforestamos Mexico

Taylor Guitars: Chris Cosgrove

International Wood Products Association (IWPA): Ashley Amidon Masisa Mxico: Leo Schlesinger

1:00 - 2:00 Lunch

2:00 3:00 Technology Tools to Promote the Trade of Legal Wood Products

Available and upcoming technologies for wood identification and tracking

Participants:

Moderator: Victor Lopez Illescas, Utz Che

Wood ID: Shelley Gardner, USFS Helveta: Philip Briscoe, Barcoding and computer systems tracking

Double Helix: Darren Thomas, DNA tracing


3:30 - 4:30 Stakeholder Initiatives to Promote Trade of Legal Wood Products

Initiatives to support the trade of forest products of legal origin

Participants:

Moderator: Tom Bewick

Veeduria, Per: Juan Tapayuri

Forest Legality Alliance: Ruth Nogueron


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Forest Legality Framework TRAFFIC- for Mexico: Eduardo Jr. Arenas,

Reforestamos Mxico

FLEGT, Didier Devers, EFI WWF-GFTN: Daniel Arancibia

4:30 Thank you and Closing

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