MD2 Presentation
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Transcript of MD2 Presentation
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delma genevieve lawrencesupervisor: prof. Dr aziah
mohd yussof
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OBJECTIVES1. To study the demand of MD2 pineapple
locally and internationally.
2. To show how micropropagation can
overcome shortage in planting material forlarge-scale production of MD2 pineapple.
3. To determine of any the steps inmicropropagation can be automated or
mechanized to overcome the high cost oflabour and meet the high demand of theplanting materials.
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Introduction
Pineapple= Anana comosus Pineapple is one of the most important tropical fruit
crops in the world. It has excellent nutritive qualitiesand good taste and these characteristics result in a
fruit that is in great demand in the internationalmarket.
in Malaysia ,cultivars like Sarawak (Smooth Cayenne),Josapine, N36, Moris and Gandol are commercially
planted through conventional vegetative propagationusing the crown and suckers
.
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MD2 PINEAPPLE
MD2 is a hybrid developed by the
Hawaiian Pineapple Research Institute.
MD stands for Mrs. Dillard- the wife of itsproducer.
resistant to internal browning, which is
the general problem faced in thepineapple production(Duval et al., 2001).
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MD2 Pineapple
MD2, also named Golden Ripe. can be
propagated using micropropagation, whichis a type of tissue culture technology to
regenerate millions of pineapple plantletsfrom cuttings or slips rather thanpropagating from seeds.
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MD2 Pineapple
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Benefits
color and flavor superior to other varieties.
gives a medium to large (1.3-2.5 kg)cylindrical, square-shouldered fruit, withlarge flat eyes, and an intense orange-yellow color. The clear yellow pulp is
sweet, compact, and fibrous. high in sugar and ascorbic acid but lower
in total acid than Smooth Cayenne.
resistant to internal browning,
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THE MARKET VALUE OF MD2
PINEAPPLE The plantlets as well as the fruits are highly
demanded.
fetch up from RM10 to RM12 per fruit,
compared to RM2.50 for the ordinarypineapple.
ripens faster. By the twelfth month, it can beplucked (Izwan Ismail, 2008)
MD2 has taken up more than 50% of theworldwide market (United States, Europe, andAsia) for branded fresh pineapple
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The Demand
MD2 pineapple is the most highly demand
cultivar after Smooth Cayenne due to its
benefits.
Beginning in 2002, Ghana farmers set out to
rapidly expand production of MD2 because
market demand for Smooth Cayenne fruit
from Ghana had dropped sharply after MD2won the major market share in Europe.
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The Demand
The Costa Rican MD2 or Extra Sweet variety is
now in a dominant position on the market.
Traditionally producers of Smooth Cayenne
African countries are now turning to new
varieties to meet European demand and to
secure a foothold on the MD2 (Jacob &
Soman, 2006).
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Problems faced in production
According to Mr Mohamad Fairudzaki Abdul Rani(2011) the major problem are;
Manpower, as a great num of skilled workers are
needed to do the planting in a large scale. bugs, nematodes, wilt disease, fusariosis and
heart root rot.
Natural induction of flowering of pineapple is aserious problem for pineapple growers during theapproximately four-month period fromDecember to the end of March.
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Cont
the importation of suckers for direct planting
by farmers are expensive
The cost of a plantlet is dependent on the
cultivar and its size
For MD2 cultivars, the propagules are
expensive as it is the best cultivar among
pineapple varieties.
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Propagation
Conventional
Micropropagation
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CONVENTIONAL
Crown (quartering)
Slips
Suckers Ratoons
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MICROPAGATION
ORGANOGENESIS
Organogenesis is aprocess to form and to
develop shoots frommeristematic tissue(Pardal, 2002).
Relies on the
production of organs,directly or fromexplants.
EMBRYOGENESIS
Somatic embryogenesis is aregeneration process ofsomatic cells that aredeveloped by celldivision to form completeembryos which areanalogous to zygotic
embryos. Direct / indirect
Emryo like structuresdevelop into whole plant.
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Advantages
micropropagated plants are more or lessgenetically homogeneous, shoot tip cultureallows the plants to become virus free.
the plants can be produced irrespective ofweather, season and other environmentconditions.
allows higher efficiency of production, in ashort time span (Ammirato, 1983).
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Disadvantages
high cost production and have limitedthe use and exploitation of thistechnique at industrial level.
Hence, the most challenging aspect atpresent is to reduce the production cost,thereby improving the production
efficiency (Ziv, 1989). Expert needed.
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Temporary immersion method
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Using liquid media
liquid culture systems provide much moreuniform culturing conditions
the media can easily be renewed withoutchanging the container,
sterilization is possible by ultrafiltration
container cleaning after a culture period is mucheasier. .
Cost reduction could be achieved by increasingthe multiplication rate through the manipulationof BAP and NAA concentration in culture medium
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(TIS)
The main advantage is the reduction of thehyperhydricity.
Immersion time, such as duration or frequency is
the most critical parameter for system efficiency. improves plant tissue quality
Temporary immersion system combined theadvantages of solid and liquid medium culture.
Allows explant aeration but limited contact withnutrients & permits an efficient nutrient uptake.
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METHODOLOGY
1. Information sources
2. Questionaire distribution
3. Data analyzing
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RESULTS &DISCUSSIONS
Companies Involved in MD2 Commercial Productions
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Companies Involved in MD2 Commercial Productions
and Data Gathered from the Companies Profile.
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Questions asked to the respondent
(Phytotech Sdn.Bhd.) and the response.
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Pineapple Productions in Malaysia of the
year 2001-2010 (Metric Tonnes)
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Small growers
Estate
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Statistic of Exportation of Malaysian
Pineapple to Singapore and West Asia
(Metric Tonnes)
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
West Asia
Singapore
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Pineapple demand internationally
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Customer Perceptions & Preferences
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US imports of Fresh and Frozen and Canned
Pineapples, 1997-2007 (in pounds and $ US)
Mi ti th S l ti t M t
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Micropropagation as the Solution to Meet
the High Demand of MD2 Planting Materials
It is reported that starting with 30 explants it
is possible to produced 1,250,000 pineapple
plantlets within eight months ofin vitro
multiplication.
The micropropagation protocol has now been
standardized for most of the important
pineapple.
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Automation in MD2 Micropropagation
Stages
Selection of explant source
No automation
Media preparation
Glass wares automatedcleaning machine
automated mediapreparator
Transfer operation
Automated explantcutting
Temporary immersionsystem
Acclimatization and Nursing
operationAutomated soil mixture
Automated planting containersystem
automated misting system
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CONCLUSION & RECOMENDATIONS.
In conclusion, organogenesis is the technique
utilized to micropropagate the planting
material of MD2 which are the crowns,
suckers and the slips.
bright future in this business locally and
globally.
tissue culture of MD2 were done throughregeneration by shoot culture.
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RITA temporary immersion system (TIS) was
integrated to reduce the labour & increase
the efficiency.
MD2 cultivation for both local and
international should be encouraged because
MD2 variety has a great potential in the
horticultural industry
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