Mathematics Extension 2 Complex Numbers · physics.usyd.edu.au/teach_res/hsp/math/math.htm p2201...
Transcript of Mathematics Extension 2 Complex Numbers · physics.usyd.edu.au/teach_res/hsp/math/math.htm p2201...
physics.usyd.edu.au/teach_res/hsp/math/math.htm p2201 1
ONLINE: MATHEMATICS EXTENSION 2
Topic 2 COMPLEX NUMBERS
EXERCISE p2201
p001
Given the two complex numbers 1 22 30 3 60o oz z
find the real part, imaginary part, modulus and argument for each of the following
complex numbers:
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2/ /z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
Locate the results on Argand diagrams.
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p002
Given the two complex numbers 1 23 3 / 4 2 5 / 6z z
find the real part, imaginary part, modulus and argument for each of the following
complex numbers:
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2/z z z z z z z z z z z z
Locate the results on Argand diagrams.
p003
Prove that 1
ln 142
ii
p004
Prove that b
ln( ) ln atana
a i b a i b i
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p005
Express the following in rectangular form for k = 0, 2, ,3, .., , 8.
/ 4
e 0,1,3, ,8i k
kz k
Plot the complex numbers on an Argand diagram.
p006
Prove the following using the properties of complex numbers
cos cos cos sin sin
sin sin cos cos sin
p007
Form the product z1 z2 and the quotient z1 / z2 for
1 23 cos / 6 sin / 6 1.5 cos 4 / 3 sin 4 / 3z i z i
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ANSWERS a001
(a)
Given the two complex numbers 1 22 30 3 60o oz z
find the real part, imaginary part, modulus and argument for each of the
following complex numbers:
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2/ /z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
Locate the results on Argand diagrams.
know
Rectangular form z x i y
Polar form cos sinz R i
Exponential form iz Re
Modulus 2 2z z z R x y
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Argument 1Imtan tan tan
Re
z y y ya
z x x x
Real part cosx R
Imaginary part siny R
1 2 1 2 1 2z z x x i y y
1 2 1 2 1 2z z x x i y y
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1z z x x y y i x y x y
1 21
2 2 2
z zz
z z z
1 2
1 2
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 11 2
2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
cos sin
cos sin
i
i
z z R R e R R
R R i
z R Re
z R R
R R i
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o
1 1 1 1 1
o
2 1 2 2 2
2 30 / 6 rad 2 cos / 6 1.7321 2sin / 6 1.0000
3 60 / 3 rad 3 cos / 3 1.5000 3sin / 3 2.5981
z R x y
z R x y
z Re(z) = x Im(z) = y |z| = R Arg(z) =
rad
Arg(z) =
deg
1z 1.7321 1.0000 2.0000 / 6 30
1z 1.7321 -1.0000 2.0000 - / 6 - 30
2z 1.5000 2.5981 3.0000 / 3 60
2z 1.5000 -2.5981 3.0000 - / 3 - 60
1 2z z 3.2321 3.5981 4.8366 0.8389 48.07
1 2z z 3.2321 -1.5981 3.6056 -0.4592 - 26.31
1 2z z 0.2321 -1.5981 1.6148 -1.4266 - 81.74
1 2z z 0.2321 3.5981 3.6056 1.5064 86.31
1 2z z 0 6.0000 6.0000 / 2 90
1 2z z 5.1962 -3.0000 6.0000 - / 6 - 30
1 2/z z 0.5774 -0.3333 0.6667 - / 6 - 30
1 2/z z 0 0.6667 0.6667 / 2 90
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a002
Given the two complex numbers 1 23 3 / 4 2 5 / 6z z
find the real part, imaginary part, modulus and argument for each of the
following complex numbers:
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2/z z z z z z z z z z z z
Locate the results on Argand diagrams.
o
1 1 1
1 1
o
2 1 2
2 2
3 135 3 / 4 rad
3 cos 3 / 4 2.1213 3sin 3 / 4 2.1213
2 150 5 / 6 rad
2 cos 5 / 6 1.7321 2sin 5 / 6 1.0000
z R
x y
z R
x y
z Re(z) = x Im(z) = y |z| = R Arg(z) =
rad
Arg(z) =
deg
1z -2.1213 2.21213 3.0000 - 3 / 4 135.00
1z -2.1213 -2.1213 3.0000 - / 4 - 45.00
2z -1.7321 -1.0000 2.0000 - 5 /6 -150.00
2z -1.7321 -2.5981 1.0000 / 4 45.00
1 2z z -3.8534 1.1213 4.0132 2.8584 163.78
1 2z z -0.3893 3.1455 3.1455 1.6949 97.11
1 2z z 5.7956 -1.5529 6.0000 - 0.2618 -15.00
1 2/z z 0.3882 -1.4489 1.5000 -1.3090 - 75.00
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a003
Prove that 1
ln 142
ii
/ 4
/ 4
11 1 atan 1 / 4
2
1ln 1 ln / 4
2
ii
i
z i z R Arg z
z R e e
i e i
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a004
Prove that b
ln( ) ln atana
a i b a i b i
atan /
atan /
atan /
atan /
ln ln
ln ln
ln atan /
i b ai
i b a
i b a
z a i b z a i b R Arg z b a
z R e a i b e
a i b a i b e
a i b e
a i b i b a
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a005
Express the following in rectangular form for k = 0, 2, ,3, .., , 8.
/ 4
e 0,1,3, ,8i k
kz k
Plot the complex numbers on an Argand diagram.
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/ 4
0
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
e 0,1,3, ,8
1 / 4 0,1,3, ,8
Re cos / 4 Im sin / 4
cos / 4 sin / 4
1
1cos / 4 sin / 4 1
2
cos 2 / 4 sin 2 / 4
1cos 3 / 4 sin 3 / 4 1
2
i k
k
k k k
k k k k
k k k
z k
z Arg z k k
z x k z y k
z x i y k i k
z
z x i y i i
z x i y i i
z x i y i i
z
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
cos 4 / 4 sin 4 / 4 1
1cos 5 / 4 sin 5 / 4 1
2
cos 6 / 4 sin 6 / 4
1cos 7 / 4 sin 7 / 4 1
2
cos 8 / 4 sin 8 / 4 1
x i y i
z x i y i i
z x i y i i
z x i y i i
z x i y i
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a006
Prove the following using the properties of complex numbers
cos cos cos sin sin
sin sin cos cos sin
1
2
1 2
cos sin
cos sin
cos sin cos sin
cos cos sin sin cos sin sin cos
cos sin
cos cos cos sin sin
sin cos sin sin cos
i
i
i
z i e
z i e
z z i i e
i
i
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a007
Form the product z1 z2 and the quotient z1 / z2 for
1 23 cos / 6 sin / 6 1.5 cos 4 / 3 sin 4 / 3z i z i
1 2
/ 6 4 / 3
1 2
/ 6 4 / 3 3 / 2
1 2
/ 6 4 / 3 7 / 3
1 2
3 cos / 6 sin / 6 1.5 cos 4 / 3 sin 4 / 3
3 1.5
4.5 4.5
4.5 cos 3 / 2 sin 3 / 2 4.5
/ 2 2
2 cos 7 / 3 sin 7 / 3 1.7321 3
i i
i i
i i
z i z i
z e z e
z z e e
i i
z z e e
i i i