Mateu Orfila - Ram Pages€¦ · 19/12/2014 · First actual case: 1235AD. ... to natural orify...
Transcript of Mateu Orfila - Ram Pages€¦ · 19/12/2014 · First actual case: 1235AD. ... to natural orify...
December 13
Material Copyright, Lyndsay S. Durham 1
That is NOT a Rice Krispy …
Lyndsay Durham, MEdDepartment of Forensic Science
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FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
The study of insects and their arthropod relatives that interact with legal
matters.
It is based on the analysisof insects sequentiallycolonizing a corpse as
decomposition progressesand on the developmental stages of their offspring.
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History ofFORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
First actual case: 1235AD.The Washing Away of Wrongs
Spontaneous generation of maggots in meat was disproved in 1668.
First published account in 1855 in the West (France).
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Mateu Orfila1787-1853
Father of Modern Toxicology
First systematic observations ofinsect successions on human
cadavers (1848)
History ofFORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
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History ofFORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
Jean Pierre Megnin1828 - 1905
Wrote the founding works ofmodern forensic entomology:
Fauna of Tombs (1887)Fauna of Cadavers (1894)
Wrote a series of articles (1883 – 1896)that made the information accessible
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Applications
Estimation of PMI
Determination of death location
Criminal Misuse
Abuse of young & elderly
DNA Analysis
Toxicological specimens
Scene characterization
Scope ofFORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
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URBAN
Three Areas inFORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
STOREDPRODUCT
MEDICOCRIMINAL/MEDICOLEGALDecember 13 Material Copyright, L. Durham December 13
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Adult (30 days)
Egg Mass (1 day)
Larvae (6 days)
Pupae (7 days)
Photo courtesy of JHByrd
Blow Fly Life Cycle
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Male Gravid Female
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FLY SPECIES
2 Main Species Used to Estimate PMI
1. Blow Flies – Calliphoridae2. Flesh Flies - Sarcophagidae
JHBJHB
Forensic Insect Identification CardsDecember 13 Material Copyright, L. Durham
Cochliomyia macellaria
Phaenicia sericata
JHB
Warm, sunny
Warm, sunny
Forensic Insect Identification Cards
Lucilia illustris
Phormia regina
JHB
JHB
Warm, sunny
Cool, shaded
JHB
JHB
JHB
Calliphora vicina
Cool, shade
Chrysomya rufifacies
Tropical, sunny
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JHB
Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis
JHB
Musca domestica
Attracted to excrement Summer, shade
Forensic Insect Identification Cards
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DISPOSITION OF OVIPOSITION
Flies will be attracted to natural orify FIRST:
Eyes, ears, nose, mouth
In the event of anti-mortem trauma, flies will be attracted to wounds and/or the genitalia
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ENTOMOTOXICOLOGY
How drugs affect the life cycles
of insects
How can insects be used as an
alternative source for toxicological testing
…bugs…
…dr
ugs…
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Conventional specimens Alternative specimens
The study of the adverse effects of drugs and chemicalson the body and their application to the law.
Brain
LiverKidney
Blood
Vitreous Humor
Bile
Urine
Gastric Contents
Bone Skeletal Muscle
Hair Nails
Insects
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
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The Larvae
Can be ground and analyzed like any postmortem tissue from the body
When collectingsamples for tox analysis, do not placein preservative fluid.
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The Pupae
Drugs get depositedinto the skin/puparialcasing of the larvae
Can be analyzedin the same manneras hair
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SUMMARY
Larvae and pupae can be used as atoxicological specimen
The entomologist needs to be informed ifan individual had any drugs on board so he or she knows if and how the time sincedeath estimation should be adjusted
The database for understanding the interactions between drug and insect is currently being developed
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DNA EXTRACTION
JHB
The gut content of insects can be properlyextracted for DNAanalysis
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A: green/shiny
B: grey, 3 black stripes
C: dull grey, multiple black stripes