Materials unit 3
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Transcript of Materials unit 3
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Raw Material, Material and goods
Thinking routines
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Good
Material
Raw material
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Natural resources from
which the materials we use
in technological activity are
obtained
the substance of which
something is made
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Vegetable: wood, cotton, cork
Animal: wool, silk
Mineral: clay, granite, slate, metallic ore
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Wood
Cotton
Cork
Cap
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Wool
(ball, skein)
Silk
(robe, dressing gown, housecoat)
2
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Clay
Granite
Tin
Tin/Canslate
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Renewable
Non renewable
Oil / Petroleum
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Over exploited quarry
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Wool
Marble
Cotton
Clay
Sand
Silk
Cork
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Glass
Steel
Plastic
Cotton
Porcelain
Concrete
Iron
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Mechanical strength
tensile strength
compressive strength
Flexural strength
Video iphone
Torsional strength
Video
Shear strength
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Elasticity
Plasticity
Ductility.- (ductile).
Malleability.- (malleable).
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Hardness
Toughness/Brittleness
Permeability / impermeability.
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Electrical properties:
You can make the handle of the electrician scissors out
of plastic because it is an electrical insulator.
Thermal properties:
You can make the handle of the pan out of plastic
because it is a thermal insulator.
Acoustic Properties:
You can reduce the sound using mineral wool because
it is an acoustic insulator
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Oxidation2
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Recyclable material
Glass, paper, cardboard, some metals, some plastics
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Landfill /rubbish dump
Rubbish/garbage/trash
Bin, container
Recycling center
When we reuse and recycle we conserve natural
resources and reduce the accumulation of waste
products which damage the environment.
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Toxic material
Heavy metals
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These materials contaminate the environment (soil, the water and the atmosphere). They can be poisonous for living things.
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Biodegradable material
Paper.
Organic material.
Specific plastics.
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Activity
These are materials that decomposenaturally and don't cause damage to theenvironment.
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Wood is classified into:
Natural:
Hardwood
Softwood
Derivatives
Paper, cardboard, card
Plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, hardboard and cork.
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Derivatives
Plywood
Chipboard
Fiberboard
Hardboard
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Metals are materials with many use in the transport
and telecommunication industries, in agriculture,
in construction and in manufacturing machinery.
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According to
Pure metals: Metals whose
crystalline structure is
composed of only one
metallic element. For
example: gold, silver, iron,
copper etc.
Metal alloys or alloys: These
are a combination of one or
two metals. One of them
has to be a metal For
example: bronze, tinplate,
steel, cast iron, brass
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According to
Ferrous:
Iron (the pure metal), steels, alloy
steels and cast-iron.
Non-ferrous:
Ultralight: Magnesium
Light: Aluminium and titanium.
Heavy: All the other metals are
heavy.
Steel sections
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The general properties of metals.
Toughness: The ability to support impacts without
breaking. Metals are tough.
Ductility: The ability to form wires.
Malleability: The ability to form sheets.
Hardness: Scratch resistance. Metals are relatively
hard materials.
Electrical and thermal conductivity: Metals conduct
heat and electricity well.
Metallic shine: Metals characteristically shine after
being recently cut.
Most of them are toxic, recyclable and reusable
Some of them are magnetic. (Iron, steel, cast iron)
Except mercury all metals are solid at room
temperature.
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The process of obtaining metals Mining
Obtaining the metals from mines.
Separation of the mineral into ore and gangue
The metal is extracted from the ore in an ironworksthrough physical and chemical processes
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Metallurgy
The technology of metals
Technique of obtaining and
producing metals from the
ores that contain them. It
studies its properties too
Siderurgy (ironworks)
(Steel and iron industry)
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