MATERIAL AND

THEIR USES Arch. Eman M. Morsy

Sustainable or Green Design

Cradle to Cradle

Extraction of

Raw Materials

Distribution

USE

Reuse/Recyclin

gTransportation

Manufacturing

Interior Environment Impact Interior Air Quality Asbestosis the name given to a group of naturally occurring minerals

used in certain products, such as building materials and vehicle brakes, to resist heat and corrosion. Fire Risks Sick-Building Syndrome

Types of Materials Natural materials = unchanged• Trees are cut first into logs, then into boards, or lumber, of

standardized forms and sizes.

Processed materials = • Clay to brick or tile

• Sand and small stones (aggregates) form concrete.

• Wood sliced into thin sheets of veneer, and layers of veneer glued together to form plywood.

Synthetic materials = do not exist in nature, such as glass or plastics

• Glass made from sand and various other elements fused by heat.

Basic Materials Wood

Masonry

Metal

Synthetics

• Glass

• Plastics

• Manufactured products

Hybrids and Miscellaneous

• Woven fibers

• Leather, cork, rubber

• Rope, cord, netting

• Paper

• Hardboard; chalkboard, and tack-board

• Ceiling tile

WOODStructural

Interior

Structural Timber • This is turn limits timber building

structure to a frame, that is, a

cage of grid of long members

put together with diagonal

bracing members to form a

sturdy structural supports for

whatever wall and roofing

material will be used.

• added plywood and

particleboard to the list of

timber materials

• both make economical use

of wood.

• Useful for sheathing walls,

roofs, and floors.

Interior Use of Wood

Softwood – wood from

evergreen trees• Redwood-cypress

• used in : out of doors -interior

paneling

Hardwood – wood from

deciduous trees • Mahogany- Oak-walnut

• used in : furniture - decorative

applications

Plywood Veneer

INTERIOR WOODS

Widely used material,

its made by bonding

together a number of

layers.

Wood can be cut into

very thin slices.

Particle Board Molded Plywood

INTERIOR WOODS

A sheet material made

by pressing together

wood chips and

sawdust with an

adhesive to make a

board or panel.

Layers of veneer are

pressed between

molds while being

glued together to form

plywood.

WOOD JOINTS

MASONRY

Stone Brick

The rough form of rubble

or fieldstone.

The oldest surviving

buildings and ceremonial

structures are all stones.

Types of stones : granite –

limestone – marble.

Brick is a modular

material made by

firing special clays into

units.

Mortar is used to hold

brick together.

MASONRY

Concrete Block Tile

(cement block)

manufactured

masonry material

popular for its strength

and low cost. Usually

made hollow to save

material and reduce

weight.

Is made in many forms:

ceramic tiles with

glazed surface in

varied colors and

patterns.

METALS Structural

Iron began to replace

masonry in many types of

large buildings and was

itself replaced by

stronger steel ( iron alloyed

with carbon).

Toward the end of the

nineteenth, it was

recognized as the best

material for the structural

frames of tall buildings.

Richard Rogers

Center Georges Pompidou

Monumental aspect in the

city

METALS Interior Use

Wrought IronAluminum

Light weight and resistance to

rusting.

Used : architecture details-

window frames – exterior wall

cladding.

Wrought iron is used for

decorative railing.

METALS Interior Use

SteelMany small elements such

as doorframes, doors,

windows sashes, and

handrails.

GLASS

Windows

Shower

Surround

Mirror

Decorative

Glass