Mark McMaster's Presentation
-
Upload
lake-superior-binational-forum -
Category
Education
-
view
919 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Mark McMaster's Presentation
Assessment of Wild Fish From Assessment of Wild Fish From Canadian Areas of Concern Canadian Areas of Concern
for Fish Health and for Fish Health and Reproductive AlterationsReproductive Alterations
M. McMasterNational Water Research Institute
Burlington, Ontario, Canada
Beneficial Use Impairments Beneficial Use Impairments · restrictions on fish and wildlife consumption· tainting of fish and wildlife flavor · degradation of fish and wildlife populations · fish tumors or other deformities · bird or animal deformities or reproduction problems · degradation of benthos· restrictions on dredging activities · eutrophication or undesirable algae · drinking water restrictions, or taste and odor problems · beach closings · degradation of aesthetics · added costs to agriculture or industry · degradation of phytoplankton and zooplankton· loss of fish and wildlife habitat
Reproductive Effects Identified at Jackfish Bay Reproductive Effects Identified at Jackfish Bay AOCAOC
Detailed studies at the Jackfish Bay AOC (bleached kraft mill discharge) identified reproductive effects in white sucker exposed to effluent
Are Similar Effects present at Are Similar Effects present at other AOCs? Reproductive other AOCs? Reproductive
effects were not looked at when effects were not looked at when sites were listed.sites were listed.
Jim Sherry, Scott Brown, Joanne Parrott, Mark Hewitt, Derek Muir, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada
Alice Dove, Scott Painter, Melanie Neilson,Ecosystem Health Division, Environment Canada -Ontario Region
Liard Shutt, Canadian Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada
D.V. Chip Weseloh, Kim Fernie, Pamela Martin, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada-Ontario Region
Assessment of Effects in Wild FishAssessment of Effects in Wild Fish
Follow EEM approach where 20 males and 20 females of two species captured:
Examination of gonad development, egg size, fecundity, expression of secondary sexual characteristics
Measurement of circulating Vtg, reproductive steroid hormone levels and thyroid hormones
Determination of steroid and thyroid biosynthetic capacity
Liver mixed-function oxidase Histology of endocrine and other tissues (gonads,
thyroid, liver) Liver tumours, deformities and other anomolies Contaminant concentrations in blood, muscle Binding of liver and SPMD extracts to endocrine
receptors
JFB reassessed in 2006 using these endpoints –Tumour data is in cue for processing
Reproductive Effects Identified at Jackfish Bay Reproductive Effects Identified at Jackfish Bay AOCAOC
Detailed studies at the Jackfish Bay AOC (bleached kraft mill discharge) identified reproductive effects in white sucker exposed to effluent
0 1 2 km
bleached Kraft mill
Terrace Bay, ON
Jackfish Lake
N
Blackbird Creek
Sawmill Creek
Jackfish Bay
Lake Superior
Moberly Lake
17
1717
Pulp Mill Effluent Exposed
Effects Of Pulp Mill Effluent ExposureOn White Sucker Ovary Size
Reference Site
0
2
4
6
8
Male0
5
10
15
20
FemaleMountain Bay (Reference)Jackfish Bay (BKME Exposed)
EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EFFLUENT EXPOSURE ON EFFLUENT EXPOSURE ON GONADOSOMATIC INDEXGONADOSOMATIC INDEX
G.S
.I. (%
Bod
y W
eigh
t)
Pulp Mill Effluent Exposed
Effects Of Pulp Mill Effluent ExposureOn Lake Whitefish Testes Size
Reference Site
WHITE SUCKER ARE SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC
Nuptual Tubercles Are Abundant In Sexually Mature Males
0
5
10
15
20
1 2 3 4 5 6
Mountain Bay (Reference)
Jackfish Bay (BKME EXPOSED)
EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EXPOSURE ON NUPTUAL EXPOSURE ON NUPTUAL
TUBERCLESTUBERCLES
Tubercle Index
# O
f Fis
h
0
20
40
60
80
100
<5 6 7 8 9 10
JackfishBay(BKME)Mountain Bay(Reference)
Age (Years)
Prop
ortio
n O
f Sam
ple
(%)
DELAYED SEXUAL MATURITY IN PULP MILL EXPOSED FISH
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
E2 Testosterone
Mountain Bay (Reference)
Jackfish Bay (BKME EXPOSED)
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.6
E2 Testosterone
Ster
oid
Hor
mon
e Ti
tre (n
g/m
L)EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EFFLUENT ON EFFECTS OF PULP MILL EFFLUENT ON
FEMALE WHITE SUCKER STEROIDSFEMALE WHITE SUCKER STEROIDS
Vitellogenic Pre-Spawning
1 2 3 4 5 6A
B
C
D
Remove Ovary; 10 Follicles/Well
In VitroIn Vitro Steroid Hormone Determination Steroid Hormone Determination
Radioimmunoassay (RIA)To Determine Steroid Production
Circulating Steroid
(pg/mL)
0500
1,0001,5002,0002,500
0
20
40
60
80Basal
In VitroSteroid
ReferencePulp Mill
**
**
17 B-Estradiol Testosterone