Marine Management Organisation Marine Licence 1 Introduction · Vessel Traffic Service(s), HM...

Licence number: L/2016/00016/2

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Marine Management Organisation Marine Licence

1 Introduction

This is a licence granted by the Marine Management Organisation on behalf of theSecretary of State to authorise the licence holder to carry on activities for which alicence is required under Part 4 of the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009.

1.1 Licence number

The licence number for this licence is L/2016/00016/2

1.2 Licence holder

The licence holder is the person or organisation set out below:

Name / companyname

Galloper Wind Farm Limited

Company registrationnumber (if applicable)

07320597

Address Windmill Hill Business Park, Whitehill Way, Swindon, SN56PB

Contact withincompany

Colin McAllister

Position withincompany (ifapplicable). State ifcompany officer ordirector

Consents Manager

1.3 Licence dateVersion 2

Licence start date 29 January 2016

Licence end date 31 March 2017

Date of original issue 29 January 2016

Date of variation issue 18 February 2016

1.4 Licence validity

This version of this licence is valid from the licence start date to the licence end date.


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This version of this licence supersedes any earlier version of this licence. Anyactivity commenced under a previous version of this licence and which is also alicensed activity authorised by section 4 of this version of this licence may continuein accordance with the licence conditions in section 5 of this version of this licence.SIGN_FIELD_1 SIGN_FIELD_1

SIGN_FIELD_1 SIGN_FIELD_1

Mr Andrew Souter+44 (0)208 026 [email protected]


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2 General

2.1 Interpretation

In this licence, terms are as defined in section 115 of the Marine and Coastal AccessAct and the Interpretation Act 1978 unless otherwise stated.

"licensed activity" means any activity set out in section 4 of this licence."licenceholder" means the person(s) or organisation(s) named in section 1 above to whomthis licence is granted."MMO" means the Marine Management Organisation."meanhigh water springs" means the average of high water heights occurring at the timeof spring tides."sea bed" or "seabed" means the ground under the sea."the 2009Act" means the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009.All times shall be taken tobe the time on any given day.All geographical co-ordinates contained within thislicence are in WGS84 format (latitude and longitude degrees and minutes to threedecimal places) unless stated otherwise.

2.2 Contacts

Except where otherwise indicated, the main point of contact with the MMO and theaddress for email and postal returns and correspondence shall be:

Marine Management OrganisationLancaster HouseHampshire CourtNewcastle upon TyneNE4 7YHTel:0300 123 1032Fax:0191 376 2681Email:[email protected]

Any references to any local MMO officer shall be the relevant officer in the area(s)located at:

Marine Management OrganisationPakefield RoadLowestoftSuffolkNR33 0HTTel: 01502 573149Fax: 01502 514854Email: [email protected]


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3 Project overview

3.1 Project title

Galloper Wind Farm Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Clearance

3.2 Project description

The Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) is a consented offshore wind farm located adjacent tothe operational Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm (GGOWF) in the Outer ThamesEstuary approximately 27km from the Suffolk coast. GWF will comprise up to 56turbines and one offshore sub-station, with the approximately 45km long export cablecorridor making landfall at Sizewell. The installed capacity of the project will be up to336MW. Offshore construction of GWF is currently scheduled to commence in June2016.

The GWF array site and export cable corridor overlaps with an area known to containUXO. This marine licence permits GWF Limited the rights to inspect, remove ordetonate up to 40 UXO targets across the project site.


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4 Licensed activities

This section sets out the licensed activities. The licensed activities are authorised tobe carried on only in accordance with the activity details below and with the licenceconditions as set out in section 5 of this licence.

Please note that where licensed quantities are displayed with reference to theirconstituent materials, the relative quantities given for the constituent materials areindicative only.

Site 1 - Galloper Wind Farm Boundary 1

Site location Galloper Offshore Wind Farm (northern portion of array)

Activity 1.1 - UXO Removal / Detonation

Activity type Other removals

Activity location See Schedule 1 of this marine licence for the site co-ordinates.

Description Inspecting, removing or detonating UXO.

Methodology See Schedule 5 and Schedule 6 - Methodology and MarineMammal Mitigation Plan, attached to this marine licence.

Programme of works UXO inspection, removal or detonation in array areaexpected July-September 2016

Site 2 - Galloper Wind Farm Boundary 2

Site location Galloper Offshore Wind Farm (southern portion of array)



Activity location See Schedule 2 of this marine licence for the co-ordinates.



Programme of works UXO inspection, removal or detonation in array areaexpected July-September 2016

Site 3 - Galloper cable boundary 1

Site location Galloper Offshore Wind Farm (export cable fromnorthern portion of array to shore)





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Programme of works UXO inspection, removal or detonation in export cableexpected March-June 2016

Site 4 - Galloper cable boundary 2

Site location Galloper Offshore Wind Farm (export cable from southernportion of array to northern portion of array)






Programme of works UXO inspection, removal or detonation in export cableexpected March-June 2016


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5 Licence conditions

5.1 General conditions

5.1.1 Notification of commencement

The licence holder must notify the MMO prior to the commencement of the firstinstance of any licensed activity. This notice must be received by the MMO no lessthan five working days before the commencement of that licensed activity.

5.1.2 Licence conditions binding other parties

Where provisions under section 71(5) of the 2009 Act apply, all conditions attachedto this licence apply to any person who for the time being owns, occupies or enjoysany use of the licensed activities for which this licence has been granted.

5.1.3 Agents / contractors / sub-contractors

The licence holder must notify the MMO in writing of any agents, contractors or sub-contractors that will carry on any licensed activity listed in section 4 of this licence onbehalf of the licence holder. Such notification must be received by the MMO no lessthan 24 hours before the commencement of the licensed activity.

The licence holder must ensure that a copy of this licence and any subsequentrevisions or amendments has been provided to, read and understood by any agents,contractors or sub-contractors that will carry on any licensed activity listed in section4 of this licence on behalf of the licence holder.

5.1.4 Vessels

The licence holder must notify the MMO in writing of any vessel being used to carryon any licensed activity listed in section 4 of this licence on behalf of the licenceholder. Such notification must be received by the MMO no less than 24 hoursbefore the commencement of the licensed activity. Notification must include themaster's name, vessel type, vessel IMO number and vessel owner or operatingcompany.

The licence holder must ensure that a copy of this licence and any subsequentrevisions or amendments has been read and understood by the masters of anyvessel being used to carry on any licensed activity listed in section 4 of this licence,and that a copy of this licence is held on board any such vessel.

5.1.5 Changes to this licence

Should the licence holder become aware that any of the information on which thegranting of this licence was based has changed or is likely to change, they mustnotify the MMO at the earliest opportunity. Failure to do so may render this licenceinvalid and may lead to enforcement action.


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5.2 Project specific conditions

This section sets out project specific conditions relating to the licensed activities as set out in section 4 of this licence.

Galloper Offshore Wind Farm Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Disposal

5.2.1 All works must be undertaken in accordance with the mitigation and marine mammal deterrent protocols detailed within theapproved Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan (MMMP) document (attached as schedule 6), as approved by the MMO and NE.

Should the MMMP be updated/changed then the works must stop and the MMMP must be re-submitted to the MMO andwritten approval obtained before works can continue.

Reason:To ensure marine mammals are placed at minimum risk during the UXO removal/detonation works.

5.2.2 No detonations must take place from 1 October to 28 February (inclusive) without obtaining the written approval of theMMO.

Reason:To ensure no significant disturbance to the harbour porpoise population of the Southern North Sea pSAC fromunderwater noise.

5.2.3 Local mariners and fishermen's organisations must be notified via a notice to mariners a minimum of 5 working days inadvance of commencement of the licensed activities. This notification must include the local port/harbour authority/ies andVessel Traffic Service(s), HM Coastguard ([email protected], The National Maritime Operations Centre) andany other relevant body as considered appropriate by the licence holder.

A copy of the notification must be sent to the MMO contacts detailed in section 2.2. of this licence prior to thecommencement of the licensed activities.

Reason:To minimise interference with other users of the sea, inform them of operations and to ensure other vessels in thevicinity can safely plan and conduct their passage.


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5.2.4 Details of the timings and locations relating to the detonation or removal of UXOs must be provided by email to theKingfisher Information Service Seafish ([email protected]) at least 2 weeks prior to the commencement oflicensed activities, for inclusion in the Kingfisher Fortnightly Bulletin and offshore hazard awareness data.

A copy of the notification must be sent to the MMO contacts detailed in section 2.2 of this licence a minimum of 5 workingdays prior to the commencement of the licensed activities.

Reason:To notify other sea users in order that they can plan and conduct their passage and ensure navigational safety.

5.2.5 Bunding and/or storage facilities must be installed to contain and prevent the release of fuel, oils, and chemicalsassociated with plant, refuelling and construction equipment, into the marine environment. Secondary containment mustbe used with a capacity of no less than 110% of the container's storage capacity.

Reason:To minimise the risk of marine pollution incidents.

5.2.6 Any oil, fuel or chemical spill within the marine environment must be reported to the MMO Marine Pollution ResponseTeam as soon as possible, and within 24 hours following identification of any such incident.

Within office hours: 0300 200 2024.

Outside office hours: 0777 097 7825.

At all times if other numbers are unavailable: 0845 051 8486.

[email protected].

Reason:To ensure that any spills are appropriately recorded and managed to minimise the risk to sensitive receptors and themarine environment.


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5.2.7 The licence holder must provide a report of the operation through the Protocol for Archaeological Discoveries (publishedby the Crown Estate), should the UXO or any other item found during the works merit inclusion as an item of historicinterest. Details of the report must be provided to the MMO within 3 months of submission.

Reason:To ensure the integrity of archaeologically important items are not compromised.

5.2.8 The licence holder must appoint a Fisheries Liaison Officer (FLO) for the duration of the works. The duties of the FLOare specifically as follows:

To be familiar with the conditions attached to this licence;

To liaise with local fishing industry and advise on timings of operations and exclusion zones; and,

To report any incidents to the MMO within 24 hours.

The licence holder must inform the MMO of the name and credentials of the FLO not less than 5 working days prior tocommencement of the activities.

Reason:To minimise the potential impacts on the local fishing industry.

5.2.9 The MMO contacts and other sea users detailed in 5.2.1 of this licence and the Source Data Receipt team, UKHydrographic Office, Taunton, Somerset, TA1 2DN (Email: [email protected]; Tel: 0182 333 7900) must be notifiedof the completion of the licensed activities, no later than 10 working days after their completion.

Reason:To ensure the local MMO officer is aware of the licensed activities at sea occurring within its jurisdiction and to arrange any enforcement visits where appropriate, to notify other sea users, and to ensure necessary amendments to charts can be made.

5.2.10 A post-detonation report must be submitted to the MMO within 3 months following completion of the licensed activities.The report must include:


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the methods employed for each target;

the date and the locations of each UXO that has been detonated;

confirmation that debris from each disposed UXO has been removed;

any marine mammal detections and the mitigation measures undertaken during the detonation period of the licensedactivities; and

details of any confirmed Annex I reef locations if encountered.

Reason:To ensure that all UXOs have been made safe and to ensure that the Marine Mammal Mitigation Protocol has beenfollowed as specified.


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6 Compliance and enforcement

This licence and its terms and conditions are issued under the Marine and CoastalAccess Act 2009.

Any breach of the licence terms and conditions may lead to enforcement actionbeing taken. This can include variation, revocation or suspension of the licence,the issuing of an enforcement notice, or criminal proceedings, which may carry amaximum penalty of an unlimited fine and / or a term of imprisonment of up to twoyears.

Your attention is drawn to Part 4 of the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009, inparticular sections 65, 85 and 89 which set out offences, and also to sections 86,87 and 109 which concern defences. The MMO's Compliance and EnforcementStrategy can be found on our website (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/compliance-and-enforcement-strategy).


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1. Licence schedule 1

Galloper Wind Farm Boundary 1

51°59.2841'N 01°57.5946'E

51°59.2751'N 01°57.6098'E

51°59.2739'N 01°57.6119'E

51°59.2675'N 01°57.6218'E

51°59.2608'N 01°57.6310'E

51°59.2537'N 01°57.6394'E

51°59.2462'N 01°57.6470'E

51°59.2405'N 01°57.6523'E

51°59.2376'N 01°57.6547'E

51°59.2356'N 01°57.6564'E

51°59.2276'N 01°57.6625'E

51°59.2194'N 01°57.6676'E

51°59.2170'N 01°57.6689'E

51°59.2040'N 01°57.6759'E

51°59.1980'N 01°57.6789'E

51°59.1901'N 01°57.6821'E

51°59.1726'N 01°57.6882'E

51°59.1632'N 01°57.6909'E

51°59.1588'N 01°57.6918'E

51°59.0758'N 01°57.7064'E

51°59.0162'N 01°57.7187'E

51°58.9711'N 01°57.7289'E

51°58.9353'N 01°57.7383'E

51°58.9327'N 01°57.7390'E

51°58.9314'N 01°57.7393'E

51°58.7922'N 01°57.7692'E

51°58.7713'N 01°57.7744'E

51°58.7664'N 01°57.7762'E


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51°58.7638'N 01°57.7775'E

51°58.7100'N 01°57.8257'E

51°58.7100'N 02°00.0000'E

51°53.2501'N 02°00.0000'E

51°55.6306'N 02°08.2418'E

51°57.2287'N 02°08.7397'E

51°58.5628'N 02°08.7445'E

51°58.9357'N 02°07.8526'E

51°59.2063'N 02°06.9832'E

51°59.2242'N 02°06.5018'E

51°59.3471'N 02°05.8997'E

51°59.5009'N 02°05.5886'E

51°59.9935'N 01°59.5150'E

51°59.2841'N 01°57.5946'E


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Galloper Wind Farm Boundary 2

51°50.2863'N 02°06.5811'E

51°48.6601'N 02°00.0000'E

51°45.2400'N 02°00.0000'E

51°44.0549'N 01°56.5291'E

51°44.0552'N 01°56.5284'E

51°44.0620'N 01°56.5106'E

51°44.0941'N 01°56.4257'E

51°44.2001'N 01°56.1627'E

51°45.9601'N 01°54.9841'E

51°47.3005'N 01°55.7705'E

51°47.4600'N 01°55.4232'E

51°47.5789'N 01°55.4143'E

51°46.8596'N 01°52.9288'E

51°45.5300'N 01°52.4569'E

51°43.9800'N 01°56.3099'E

51°43.3755'N 01°57.9028'E

51°45.6686'N 02°05.1517'E

51°50.2863'N 02°06.5811'E


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Galloper cable boundary 1

52°12.7958'N 01°41.2471'E

52°13.0464'N 01°40.0641'E

52°13.1338'N 01°39.7001'E

52°13.1132'N 01°39.5214'E

52°13.0187'N 01°38.5743'E

52°13.0187'N 01°38.5713'E

52°13.0185'N 01°38.5653'E

52°13.0143'N 01°38.5083'E

52°13.0132'N 01°38.4983'E

52°13.0102'N 01°38.4665'E

52°13.0093'N 01°38.4557'E

52°13.0063'N 01°38.4289'E

52°13.0033'N 01°38.4033'E

52°13.0008'N 01°38.3831'E

52°12.9967'N 01°38.3538'E

52°12.9903'N 01°38.2973'E

52°12.9841'N 01°38.2559'E

52°12.9837'N 01°38.2538'E

52°12.9814'N 01°38.2394'E

52°12.9766'N 01°38.2147'E

52°12.9745'N 01°38.2035'E

52°12.9692'N 01°38.1586'E

52°12.9660'N 01°38.1325'E

52°12.9651'N 01°38.1250'E

52°12.9640'N 01°38.1163'E

52°12.9541'N 01°38.0542'E

52°12.9477'N 01°37.9982'E

52°12.9404'N 01°37.9508'E


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52°12.9399'N 01°37.9464'E

52°12.9351'N 01°37.9144'E

52°12.9301'N 01°37.8727'E

52°12.9237'N 01°37.8304'E

52°12.9221'N 01°37.8187'E

52°12.9157'N 01°37.7791'E

52°12.9113'N 01°37.7560'E

52°12.9081'N 01°37.7395'E

52°12.9074'N 01°37.7359'E

52°12.9047'N 01°37.7160'E

52°12.8967'N 01°37.6658'E

52°12.8859'N 01°37.6111'E

52°12.8841'N 01°37.6027'E

52°12.8754'N 01°37.5660'E

52°12.8720'N 01°37.5484'E

52°12.8740'N 01°37.5324'E

52°12.8793'N 01°37.4754'E

52°12.8800'N 01°37.4594'E

52°12.8807'N 01°37.4381'E

52°12.8784'N 01°37.4379'E

52°12.8614'N 01°37.4369'E

52°12.8170'N 01°37.4342'E

52°12.7768'N 01°37.4324'E

52°12.7642'N 01°37.4317'E

52°12.7582'N 01°37.4315'E

52°12.7415'N 01°37.4308'E

52°12.7230'N 01°37.4301'E

52°12.7079'N 01°37.4298'E

52°12.7008'N 01°37.4296'E

52°12.6941'N 01°37.4298'E

52°12.6877'N 01°37.4292'E


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52°12.6811'N 01°37.4282'E

52°12.6772'N 01°37.4282'E

52°12.6733'N 01°37.4282'E

52°12.6657'N 01°37.4289'E

52°12.6550'N 01°37.4282'E

52°12.6500'N 01°37.4273'E

52°12.6422'N 01°37.4253'E

52°12.6344'N 01°37.4237'E

52°12.6289'N 01°37.4232'E

52°12.6234'N 01°37.4228'E

52°12.6179'N 01°37.4223'E

52°12.6126'N 01°37.4214'E

52°12.5943'N 01°37.4170'E

52°12.5753'N 01°37.4129'E

52°12.5712'N 01°37.4120'E

52°12.5698'N 01°37.4115'E

52°12.5644'N 01°37.4104'E

52°12.5589'N 01°37.4093'E

52°12.5534'N 01°37.4081'E

52°12.5424'N 01°37.4072'E

52°12.5314'N 01°37.4065'E

52°12.5076'N 01°37.4024'E

52°12.4849'N 01°37.3996'E

52°12.4739'N 01°37.3987'E

52°12.4206'N 01°37.3907'E

52°12.3721'N 01°37.3822'E

52°12.3604'N 01°37.3802'E

52°12.3568'N 01°37.3795'E

52°12.3497'N 01°37.3784'E

52°12.3417'N 01°37.3772'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3777'E


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52°12.3414'N 01°37.3793'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3827'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3877'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3884'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3919'E

52°12.3412'N 01°37.3941'E

52°12.3412'N 01°37.3962'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.3990'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.4017'E

52°12.3414'N 01°37.4031'E

52°12.3412'N 01°37.4065'E

52°12.3410'N 01°37.4106'E

52°12.3407'N 01°37.4143'E

52°12.3405'N 01°37.4170'E

52°12.3403'N 01°37.4212'E

52°12.3400'N 01°37.4250'E

52°12.3400'N 01°37.4282'E

52°12.3398'N 01°37.4303'E

52°12.3396'N 01°37.4335'E

52°12.3396'N 01°37.4358'E

52°12.3394'N 01°37.4388'E

52°12.3394'N 01°37.4411'E

52°12.3391'N 01°37.4456'E

52°12.3389'N 01°37.4504'E

52°12.3387'N 01°37.4516'E

52°12.3387'N 01°37.4555'E

52°12.3387'N 01°37.4566'E

52°12.3387'N 01°37.4589'E

52°12.3391'N 01°37.4605'E

52°12.3394'N 01°37.4624'E

52°12.3396'N 01°37.4644'E


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52°12.3396'N 01°37.4662'E

52°12.3366'N 01°37.5379'E

52°12.3350'N 01°37.6278'E

52°12.3467'N 01°37.7109'E

52°12.3611'N 01°37.7855'E

52°12.3771'N 01°37.8723'E

52°12.3840'N 01°37.8949'E

52°12.3842'N 01°37.8963'E

52°12.3858'N 01°37.9036'E

52°12.3861'N 01°37.9050'E

52°12.3943'N 01°37.9625'E

52°12.4051'N 01°38.0183'E

52°12.4053'N 01°38.0192'E

52°12.4089'N 01°38.0449'E

52°12.4112'N 01°38.0581'E

52°12.4115'N 01°38.0602'E

52°12.4133'N 01°38.0861'E

52°12.4165'N 01°38.1115'E

52°12.4183'N 01°38.1284'E

52°12.4218'N 01°38.1451'E

52°12.4220'N 01°38.1458'E

52°12.4286'N 01°38.1820'E

52°12.4289'N 01°38.1831'E

52°12.4289'N 01°38.1849'E

52°12.4300'N 01°38.2147'E

52°12.4373'N 01°38.2575'E

52°12.4446'N 01°38.2991'E

52°12.4449'N 01°38.3001'E

52°12.4460'N 01°38.3094'E

52°12.4554'N 01°38.3900'E

52°12.4639'N 01°38.4591'E


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52°12.4701'N 01°38.4758'E

52°12.4705'N 01°38.4774'E

52°12.4707'N 01°38.4790'E

52°12.4710'N 01°38.4806'E

52°12.4771'N 01°38.5493'E

52°12.4790'N 01°38.5534'E

52°12.4794'N 01°38.5548'E

52°12.4799'N 01°38.5564'E

52°12.4801'N 01°38.5578'E

52°12.4815'N 01°38.5669'E

52°12.4817'N 01°38.5676'E

52°12.4847'N 01°38.5937'E

52°12.4895'N 01°38.6370'E

52°12.4895'N 01°38.6390'E

52°12.4895'N 01°38.6413'E

52°12.4891'N 01°38.6436'E

52°12.4886'N 01°38.6457'E

52°12.4877'N 01°38.6475'E

52°12.4879'N 01°38.6507'E

52°12.4879'N 01°38.6518'E

52°12.4893'N 01°38.7290'E

52°12.4893'N 01°38.7301'E

52°12.4891'N 01°38.7358'E

52°12.4884'N 01°38.7768'E

52°12.4884'N 01°38.7775'E

52°12.4881'N 01°38.7828'E

52°12.4881'N 01°38.7839'E

52°12.4879'N 01°38.7857'E

52°12.4854'N 01°38.7990'E

52°12.4824'N 01°38.8132'E

52°12.4833'N 01°38.8150'E


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52°12.4838'N 01°38.8171'E

52°12.4842'N 01°38.8192'E

52°12.4842'N 01°38.8215'E

52°12.4840'N 01°38.8235'E

52°12.4838'N 01°38.8256'E

52°12.4833'N 01°38.8276'E

52°12.4824'N 01°38.8295'E

52°12.4815'N 01°38.8311'E

52°12.4804'N 01°38.8324'E

52°12.4815'N 01°38.8510'E

52°12.4817'N 01°38.8530'E

52°12.4815'N 01°38.8549'E

52°12.4810'N 01°38.8569'E

52°12.4806'N 01°38.8585'E

52°12.4785'N 01°38.8649'E

52°12.4788'N 01°38.8821'E

52°12.4788'N 01°38.8844'E

52°12.4783'N 01°38.8865'E

52°12.4737'N 01°38.9098'E

52°12.4742'N 01°38.9494'E

52°12.4739'N 01°38.9515'E

52°12.4739'N 01°38.9528'E

52°12.4691'N 01°38.9821'E

52°12.4694'N 01°38.9835'E

52°12.4696'N 01°38.9851'E

52°12.4696'N 01°38.9867'E

52°12.4696'N 01°38.9899'E

52°12.4694'N 01°38.9924'E

52°12.4694'N 01°38.9945'E

52°12.4689'N 01°38.9965'E

52°12.4685'N 01°38.9984'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 11 of 28

52°12.4675'N 01°39.0000'E

52°12.4659'N 01°39.0194'E

52°12.4671'N 01°39.0254'E

52°12.4673'N 01°39.0277'E

52°12.4673'N 01°39.0297'E

52°12.4671'N 01°39.0320'E

52°12.4643'N 01°39.0492'E

52°12.4643'N 01°39.0666'E

52°12.4643'N 01°39.0682'E

52°12.4641'N 01°39.0700'E

52°12.4636'N 01°39.0716'E

52°12.4632'N 01°39.0732'E

52°12.4595'N 01°39.0835'E

52°12.4536'N 01°39.1602'E

52°12.4515'N 01°39.2174'E

52°12.4515'N 01°39.2181'E

52°12.4495'N 01°39.2520'E

52°12.4492'N 01°39.2543'E

52°12.4488'N 01°39.2563'E

52°12.4481'N 01°39.2584'E

52°12.4472'N 01°39.2600'E

52°12.4460'N 01°39.2616'E

52°12.4449'N 01°39.2630'E

52°12.4373'N 01°39.3442'E

52°12.4371'N 01°39.3463'E

52°12.4366'N 01°39.3483'E

52°12.4360'N 01°39.3499'E

52°12.4282'N 01°39.3671'E

52°12.4186'N 01°39.4232'E

52°12.4149'N 01°39.4564'E

52°12.4147'N 01°39.4582'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 12 of 28

52°12.4142'N 01°39.4596'E

52°12.3996'N 01°39.5120'E

52°12.3861'N 01°39.5843'E

52°12.3858'N 01°39.5861'E

52°12.3851'N 01°39.5877'E

52°12.3845'N 01°39.5893'E

52°12.3835'N 01°39.5907'E

52°12.3826'N 01°39.5919'E

52°12.3801'N 01°39.5944'E

52°12.3623'N 01°39.6830'E

52°12.3293'N 01°39.8322'E

52°12.3288'N 01°39.8338'E

52°12.3286'N 01°39.8354'E

52°12.3281'N 01°39.8372'E

52°12.3277'N 01°39.8388'E

52°12.3275'N 01°39.8407'E

52°12.3270'N 01°39.8423'E

52°12.3265'N 01°39.8441'E

52°12.3263'N 01°39.8457'E

52°12.3259'N 01°39.8475'E

52°12.3254'N 01°39.8491'E

52°12.3249'N 01°39.8510'E

52°12.3247'N 01°39.8526'E

52°12.3245'N 01°39.8533'E

52°12.3240'N 01°39.8551'E

52°12.3236'N 01°39.8567'E

52°12.3229'N 01°39.8583'E

52°12.3224'N 01°39.8599'E

52°12.3220'N 01°39.8613'E

52°12.3217'N 01°39.8631'E

52°12.3211'N 01°39.8642'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 13 of 28

52°12.3208'N 01°39.8652'E

52°12.3206'N 01°39.8658'E

52°12.3204'N 01°39.8670'E

52°12.3201'N 01°39.8677'E

52°12.3201'N 01°39.8688'E

52°12.3199'N 01°39.8697'E

52°12.3197'N 01°39.8706'E

52°12.3194'N 01°39.8722'E

52°12.3194'N 01°39.8738'E

52°12.3192'N 01°39.8755'E

52°12.3190'N 01°39.8771'E

52°12.3188'N 01°39.8787'E

52°12.3185'N 01°39.8803'E

52°12.3185'N 01°39.8819'E

52°12.3183'N 01°39.8837'E

52°12.3181'N 01°39.8855'E

52°12.3178'N 01°39.8874'E

52°12.3174'N 01°39.8894'E

52°12.3172'N 01°39.8915'E

52°12.3169'N 01°39.8938'E

52°12.3165'N 01°39.8963'E

52°12.3160'N 01°39.8983'E

52°12.3158'N 01°39.8995'E

52°12.3151'N 01°39.9015'E

52°12.3146'N 01°39.9036'E

52°12.3142'N 01°39.9054'E

52°12.3135'N 01°39.9073'E

52°12.3130'N 01°39.9096'E

52°12.3124'N 01°39.9116'E

52°12.3117'N 01°39.9137'E

52°12.3114'N 01°39.9144'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 14 of 28

52°12.3108'N 01°39.9160'E

52°12.3103'N 01°39.9171'E

52°12.3096'N 01°39.9187'E

52°12.3089'N 01°39.9201'E

52°12.3080'N 01°39.9215'E

52°12.3073'N 01°39.9224'E

52°12.3064'N 01°39.9237'E

52°12.3053'N 01°39.9251'E

52°12.3046'N 01°39.9260'E

52°12.3039'N 01°39.9270'E

52°12.3032'N 01°39.9281'E

52°12.3023'N 01°39.9292'E

52°12.3014'N 01°39.9302'E

52°12.3007'N 01°39.9313'E

52°12.2998'N 01°39.9324'E

52°12.2989'N 01°39.9336'E

52°12.2979'N 01°39.9347'E

52°12.2968'N 01°39.9359'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9366'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9375'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9386'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9393'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9402'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9411'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9421'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9432'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9443'E

52°12.2966'N 01°39.9453'E

52°12.2963'N 01°39.9459'E

52°12.2961'N 01°39.9480'E

52°12.2959'N 01°39.9494'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 15 of 28

52°12.2954'N 01°39.9512'E

52°12.2947'N 01°39.9530'E

52°12.2945'N 01°39.9540'E

52°12.2936'N 01°39.9562'E

52°12.2924'N 01°39.9588'E

52°12.2915'N 01°39.9613'E

52°12.2906'N 01°39.9633'E

52°12.2897'N 01°39.9656'E

52°12.2888'N 01°39.9675'E

52°12.2881'N 01°39.9695'E

52°12.2872'N 01°39.9716'E

52°12.2863'N 01°39.9734'E

52°12.2853'N 01°39.9755'E

52°12.2847'N 01°39.9771'E

52°12.2835'N 01°39.9791'E

52°12.2821'N 01°39.9812'E

52°12.2808'N 01°39.9830'E

52°12.2799'N 01°39.9844'E

52°12.2792'N 01°39.9855'E

52°12.2783'N 01°39.9871'E

52°12.2773'N 01°39.9894'E

52°12.2762'N 01°39.9922'E

52°12.2748'N 01°39.9954'E

52°12.2732'N 01°39.9986'E

52°12.2718'N 01°40.0013'E

52°12.2712'N 01°40.0032'E

52°12.2712'N 01°40.0039'E

52°12.2714'N 01°40.0066'E

52°12.2716'N 01°40.0096'E

52°12.2716'N 01°40.0103'E

52°12.2716'N 01°40.0132'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 16 of 28

52°12.2716'N 01°40.0151'E

52°12.2714'N 01°40.0169'E

52°12.2712'N 01°40.0199'E

52°12.2707'N 01°40.0229'E

52°12.2702'N 01°40.0251'E

52°12.2702'N 01°40.0272'E

52°12.2702'N 01°40.0279'E

52°12.2700'N 01°40.0311'E

52°12.2698'N 01°40.0345'E

52°12.2696'N 01°40.0380'E

52°12.2693'N 01°40.0402'E

52°12.2693'N 01°40.0428'E

52°12.2691'N 01°40.0462'E

52°12.2691'N 01°40.0494'E

52°12.2691'N 01°40.0526'E

52°12.2691'N 01°40.0558'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.0590'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.0620'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.0652'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.0682'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.0714'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0744'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0776'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0805'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0835'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0867'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0897'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0929'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0959'E

52°12.2686'N 01°40.0988'E

52°12.2689'N 01°40.1020'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 17 of 28

52°12.2686'N 01°40.1041'E

52°12.2684'N 01°40.1062'E

52°12.2680'N 01°40.1080'E

52°12.2519'N 01°40.1625'E

52°12.2508'N 01°40.1819'E

52°12.2519'N 01°40.1854'E

52°12.2524'N 01°40.1874'E

52°12.2526'N 01°40.1897'E

52°12.2528'N 01°40.1920'E

52°12.2526'N 01°40.1941'E

52°12.2522'N 01°40.1963'E

52°12.2183'N 01°40.3328'E

52°12.2151'N 01°40.3481'E

52°12.2151'N 01°40.3488'E

52°12.2009'N 01°40.4067'E

52°12.1988'N 01°40.4223'E

52°12.1988'N 01°40.4236'E

52°12.1988'N 01°40.4248'E

52°12.1986'N 01°40.4261'E

52°12.1984'N 01°40.4273'E

52°12.1977'N 01°40.4307'E

52°12.1968'N 01°40.4367'E

52°12.1965'N 01°40.4383'E

52°12.1954'N 01°40.4426'E

52°12.1936'N 01°40.4509'E

52°12.1908'N 01°40.4600'E

52°12.1904'N 01°40.4632'E

52°12.1876'N 01°40.4861'E

52°12.1872'N 01°40.4882'E

52°12.1867'N 01°40.4900'E

52°12.1860'N 01°40.4916'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 18 of 28

52°12.1853'N 01°40.4930'E

52°12.1844'N 01°40.4943'E

52°12.1833'N 01°40.4953'E

52°12.1821'N 01°40.4962'E

52°12.1789'N 01°40.4978'E

52°12.1592'N 01°40.5822'E

52°12.1466'N 01°40.6447'E

52°12.1462'N 01°40.6468'E

52°12.1455'N 01°40.6486'E

52°12.1446'N 01°40.6502'E

52°12.1395'N 01°40.6580'E

52°12.1391'N 01°40.6594'E

52°12.1386'N 01°40.6605'E

52°12.1345'N 01°40.6724'E

52°12.1336'N 01°40.6740'E

52°12.1327'N 01°40.6756'E

52°12.1318'N 01°40.6768'E

52°12.1306'N 01°40.6779'E

52°12.1155'N 01°40.7555'E

52°08.6434'N 01°43.0617'E

52°08.6377'N 01°43.0658'E

52°08.6219'N 01°43.0780'E

52°08.6063'N 01°43.0919'E

52°08.5914'N 01°43.1075'E

52°08.5775'N 01°43.1247'E

52°08.5640'N 01°43.1432'E

52°08.5610'N 01°43.1478'E

52°07.0792'N 01°45.4023'E

52°06.6322'N 01°45.5245'E

52°06.6198'N 01°45.5281'E

52°06.6027'N 01°45.5352'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 19 of 28

52°06.5860'N 01°45.5439'E

52°06.5695'N 01°45.5545'E

52°06.5535'N 01°45.5668'E

52°06.5381'N 01°45.5808'E

52°06.5232'N 01°45.5964'E

52°06.5091'N 01°45.6135'E

52°06.5017'N 01°45.6234'E

52°05.5500'N 01°46.9431'E

52°04.2472'N 01°46.9708'E

52°04.2461'N 01°46.9708'E

52°04.2285'N 01°46.9722'E

52°04.2111'N 01°46.9754'E

52°04.1937'N 01°46.9806'E

52°04.1765'N 01°46.9875'E

52°04.1598'N 01°46.9964'E

52°04.1433'N 01°47.0070'E

52°04.1273'N 01°47.0191'E

52°04.1120'N 01°47.0330'E

52°04.0971'N 01°47.0486'E

52°04.0829'N 01°47.0655'E

52°04.0715'N 01°47.0811'E

52°02.6483'N 01°49.1319'E

52°02.6464'N 01°49.1349'E

52°02.6336'N 01°49.1548'E

52°02.6217'N 01°49.1758'E

52°02.6107'N 01°49.1983'E

52°02.6009'N 01°49.2218'E

52°02.5917'N 01°49.2463'E

52°02.5837'N 01°49.2720'E

52°02.5766'N 01°49.2981'E

52°02.5707'N 01°49.3251'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 20 of 28

52°02.5659'N 01°49.3525'E

52°02.5620'N 01°49.3807'E

52°02.5595'N 01°49.4088'E

52°02.5581'N 01°49.4374'E

52°02.5579'N 01°49.4661'E

52°02.5579'N 01°49.4681'E

52°02.5579'N 01°49.4697'E

52°02.5645'N 01°49.9101'E

52°02.5753'N 01°49.9128'E

52°02.5924'N 01°49.9190'E

52°02.6094'N 01°49.9268'E

52°02.6261'N 01°49.9366'E

52°02.6421'N 01°49.9481'E

52°02.6579'N 01°49.9614'E

52°02.6730'N 01°49.9760'E

52°02.6874'N 01°49.9925'E

52°02.7011'N 01°50.0103'E

52°02.7142'N 01°50.0296'E

52°02.7263'N 01°50.0502'E

52°02.7378'N 01°50.0721'E

52°02.7483'N 01°50.0950'E

52°02.7577'N 01°50.1193'E

52°02.7662'N 01°50.1442'E

52°02.7737'N 01°50.1701'E

52°02.7801'N 01°50.1969'E

52°02.7854'N 01°50.2241'E

52°02.7897'N 01°50.2518'E

52°02.7927'N 01°50.2800'E

52°02.7948'N 01°50.3083'E

52°02.7954'N 01°50.3370'E

52°02.7952'N 01°50.3656'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 21 of 28

52°02.7936'N 01°50.3939'E

52°02.7911'N 01°50.4223'E

52°02.7872'N 01°50.4503'E

52°02.7824'N 01°50.4777'E

52°02.7762'N 01°50.5047'E

52°02.7691'N 01°50.5308'E

52°02.7611'N 01°50.5562'E

52°02.7520'N 01°50.5807'E

52°02.7419'N 01°50.6041'E

52°02.7309'N 01°50.6265'E

52°02.7298'N 01°50.6283'E

52°02.3299'N 01°51.3781'E

52°02.3189'N 01°51.3971'E

52°02.3063'N 01°51.4170'E

52°02.2928'N 01°51.4354'E

52°02.2786'N 01°51.4523'E

52°02.2638'N 01°51.4679'E

52°02.2482'N 01°51.4816'E

52°02.2322'N 01°51.4937'E

52°02.2159'N 01°51.5040'E

52°02.1990'N 01°51.5127'E

52°02.1818'N 01°51.5196'E

52°02.1646'N 01°51.5246'E

52°02.1470'N 01°51.5276'E

52°02.1294'N 01°51.5290'E

52°02.1260'N 01°51.5290'E

52°01.7259'N 01°51.5290'E

52°01.6941'N 01°51.5260'E

52°01.6767'N 01°51.5216'E

52°01.6595'N 01°51.5155'E

52°01.6508'N 01°51.5113'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 22 of 28

52°01.6256'N 01°51.5242'E

52°01.6160'N 01°51.5294'E

52°01.5995'N 01°51.5400'E

52°01.5837'N 01°51.5521'E

52°01.5682'N 01°51.5660'E

52°01.5533'N 01°51.5814'E

52°01.5391'N 01°51.5986'E

52°01.5256'N 01°51.6171'E

52°01.5130'N 01°51.6368'E

52°01.5011'N 01°51.6581'E

52°01.4954'N 01°51.6697'E

52°01.3782'N 01°51.9091'E

52°01.3732'N 01°51.9199'E

52°01.3631'N 01°51.9435'E

52°01.3540'N 01°51.9680'E

52°01.3459'N 01°51.9934'E

52°01.3388'N 01°52.0197'E

52°01.3329'N 01°52.0467'E

52°01.3324'N 01°52.0494'E

52°01.0331'N 01°53.5907'E

52°00.9012'N 01°53.7562'E

52°00.7692'N 01°53.8839'E

52°00.7541'N 01°53.8995'E

52°00.7399'N 01°53.9164'E

52°00.7264'N 01°53.9350'E

52°00.7138'N 01°53.9549'E

52°00.7019'N 01°53.9759'E

52°00.6943'N 01°53.9911'E

52°00.6156'N 01°54.1552'E

52°00.6121'N 01°54.1625'E

52°00.6021'N 01°54.1861'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 23 of 28

52°00.5929'N 01°54.2106'E

52°00.5849'N 01°54.2360'E

52°00.5840'N 01°54.2394'E

52°00.5403'N 01°54.3916'E

52°00.5343'N 01°54.4145'E

52°00.5284'N 01°54.4415'E

52°00.5277'N 01°54.4445'E

52°00.4863'N 01°54.6582'E

52°00.4300'N 01°54.9487'E

52°00.4229'N 01°54.9858'E

51°59.4229'N 01°57.3888'E

51°59.3741'N 01°57.5060'E

51°59.2842'N 01°57.5946'E

51°59.2841'N 01°57.5946'E

51°59.5662'N 01°58.3582'E

51°59.5664'N 01°58.3581'E

51°59.5806'N 01°58.3540'E

51°59.5977'N 01°58.3469'E

51°59.6144'N 01°58.3384'E

51°59.6309'N 01°58.3279'E

51°59.6469'N 01°58.3158'E

51°59.6623'N 01°58.3018'E

51°59.6772'N 01°58.2865'E

51°59.6914'N 01°58.2695'E

51°59.7049'N 01°58.2510'E

51°59.7177'N 01°58.2311'E

51°59.7296'N 01°58.2100'E

51°59.7406'N 01°58.1876'E

51°59.7477'N 01°58.1711'E

51°59.9688'N 01°57.6406'E

52°00.1537'N 01°57.1965'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 24 of 28

52°00.8664'N 01°55.4834'E

52°00.8901'N 01°54.7039'E

52°00.8901'N 01°54.7033'E

52°00.8916'N 01°54.6748'E

52°00.8942'N 01°54.6466'E

52°00.8980'N 01°54.6186'E

52°00.9028'N 01°54.5911'E

52°00.9088'N 01°54.5642'E

52°00.9158'N 01°54.5380'E

52°00.9239'N 01°54.5125'E

52°00.9330'N 01°54.4880'E

52°00.9431'N 01°54.4645'E

52°00.9541'N 01°54.4421'E

52°00.9659'N 01°54.4210'E

52°00.9786'N 01°54.4011'E

52°00.9921'N 01°54.3826'E

52°01.0063'N 01°54.3656'E

52°01.0212'N 01°54.3501'E

52°01.0366'N 01°54.3363'E

52°01.0526'N 01°54.3241'E

52°01.0690'N 01°54.3136'E

52°01.0858'N 01°54.3049'E

52°01.1029'N 01°54.2980'E

52°01.1203'N 01°54.2929'E

52°01.1378'N 01°54.2897'E

52°01.1554'N 01°54.2883'E

52°01.1731'N 01°54.2888'E

52°01.1739'N 01°54.2889'E

52°01.3461'N 01°54.3037'E

52°01.4302'N 01°54.1982'E

52°01.4322'N 01°54.1954'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 25 of 28

52°01.4457'N 01°54.1769'E

52°01.4585'N 01°54.1570'E

52°01.4705'N 01°54.1359'E

52°01.4814'N 01°54.1135'E

52°01.4915'N 01°54.0899'E

52°01.5004'N 01°54.0654'E

52°01.5087'N 01°54.0400'E

52°01.5155'N 01°54.0137'E

52°01.5215'N 01°53.9869'E

52°01.5222'N 01°53.9840'E

52°01.8319'N 01°52.3889'E

52°01.8666'N 01°52.3179'E

52°02.0443'N 01°52.2273'E

52°02.3095'N 01°52.1122'E

52°02.3137'N 01°52.1103'E

52°02.3304'N 01°52.1016'E

52°02.3468'N 01°52.0911'E

52°02.3626'N 01°52.0787'E

52°02.3782'N 01°52.0650'E

52°02.3871'N 01°52.0559'E

52°02.6080'N 01°51.8219'E

52°02.6137'N 01°51.8155'E

52°02.6279'N 01°51.7986'E

52°02.6414'N 01°51.7801'E

52°02.6524'N 01°51.7631'E

52°02.9905'N 01°51.2081'E

52°02.9923'N 01°51.2051'E

52°03.0042'N 01°51.1838'E

52°03.0149'N 01°51.1614'E

52°03.0250'N 01°51.1378'E

52°03.0342'N 01°51.1133'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 26 of 28

52°03.0422'N 01°51.0879'E

52°03.0493'N 01°51.0616'E

52°03.0504'N 01°51.0566'E

52°03.1118'N 01°50.7961'E

52°03.1166'N 01°50.7741'E

52°03.1214'N 01°50.7467'E

52°03.1253'N 01°50.7187'E

52°03.1260'N 01°50.7112'E

52°03.1619'N 01°50.3573'E

52°03.1637'N 01°50.3365'E

52°03.1651'N 01°50.3079'E

52°03.1655'N 01°50.2793'E

52°03.1646'N 01°50.2507'E

52°03.1626'N 01°50.2223'E

52°03.1594'N 01°50.1941'E

52°03.1553'N 01°50.1662'E

52°03.1527'N 01°50.1538'E

52°03.1040'N 01°49.9044'E

52°03.1001'N 01°49.6512'E

52°04.3546'N 01°47.8437'E

52°05.6544'N 01°47.8167'E

52°05.6556'N 01°47.8167'E

52°05.6732'N 01°47.8154'E

52°05.6906'N 01°47.8119'E

52°05.7080'N 01°47.8069'E

52°05.7251'N 01°47.7998'E

52°05.7421'N 01°47.7911'E

52°05.7583'N 01°47.7806'E

52°05.7743'N 01°47.7684'E

52°05.7897'N 01°47.7545'E

52°05.8046'N 01°47.7389'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 27 of 28

52°05.8187'N 01°47.7218'E

52°05.8261'N 01°47.7119'E

52°06.7954'N 01°46.3681'E

52°07.2488'N 01°46.2443'E

52°07.2612'N 01°46.2404'E

52°07.2783'N 01°46.2336'E

52°07.2953'N 01°46.2246'E

52°07.3115'N 01°46.2141'E

52°07.3275'N 01°46.2020'E

52°07.3429'N 01°46.1880'E

52°07.3577'N 01°46.1724'E

52°07.3719'N 01°46.1553'E

52°07.3854'N 01°46.1367'E

52°07.3884'N 01°46.1322'E

52°08.8933'N 01°43.8431'E

52°11.8940'N 01°41.8516'E

52°12.5774'N 01°41.3975'E

52°12.5882'N 01°41.3902'E

52°12.6980'N 01°41.3179'E

52°12.7958'N 01°41.2471'E


Case ref: MLA/2015/00423/1

Page 28 of 28


Galloper cable boundary 2

51°53.7160'N 02°01.6145'E

51°53.4507'N 02°00.6983'E

51°53.4620'N 02°00.7374'E

51°48.8111'N 02°00.6100'E

51°49.0289'N 02°01.4897'E

51°53.7160'N 02°01.6145'E

Hard Copies of this document are not controlled. Refer to the project document management system for the latest document revision.

Page 1 of 13 EcoDoc No.: 002079950 Rev.: 01

Blank Template EcoDoc No: 001458660-03

Document Author: Reinier Zoutenbier Environmental Consultant (RHDHV)

Adam Pharaoh Project Manager (RHDHV)

Signature:

Document Reviewer: Jamie May OSC Package Manager

Andy Mee Offshore Site Manager

Signature: pp

Document Approver: Colin McAllister Consents Manager

Signature:

Issue Date: 13 October 2015

Document No. & Rev.: 002079950-01

Status Supplied: Submitted to MMO

Galloper Offshore Wind Farm UXO Clearance and Disposal Application Supporting Information

Galloper Offshore Wind Farm UXO Clearance and Disposal Application




Copyright © 2015 RWE Innogy UK Limited

All pre-existing rights reserved.

This document is supplied on and subject to the terms and conditions of the Contractual Agreement relating to this work, under which this document has been supplied, in particular:

Liability

In preparation of this document RWE Innogy UK Limited has made reasonable efforts to ensure that the content is accurate, up to date and complete for the purpose for which it was contracted. RWE Innogy UK Limited makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of material supplied by the client or their agent.

Other than any liability on RWE Innogy UK Limited detailed in the contracts between the parties for this work RWE Innogy UK Limited shall have no liability for any loss, damage, injury, claim, expense, cost or other consequence arising as a result of use or reliance upon any information contained in or omitted from this document.

Any persons intending to use this document should satisfy themselves as to its applicability for their intended purpose.

The user of this document has the obligation to employ safe working practices for any activities referred to and to adopt specific practices appropriate to local conditions.





REVISION HISTORY

Rev. Description Date

1 Submitted to MMO 13/10/2015





Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 5

2. UXO Identification, Assessment, Clearance and Disposal Methodology ................................ 8

2.2. Mobilisation .............................................................................................................................. 8

2.3. Target Identification and Assessment ...................................................................................... 8

2.4. UXO Removal, Relocation and Disposal ................................................................................. 9

2.5. Draft Detonation Methodology ................................................................................................. 9

3. European Protected Species Licence .................................................................................... 12

4. Marine Mammal Mitigation Protocol....................................................................................... 13

Appendix A Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan





1. Introduction

1.1.1. The Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) is a consented offshore wind farm located adjacent to the

operational Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm (GGOWF) in the Outer Thames Estuary

approximately 27km from the Suffolk coast (Figure 1.1). GWF will comprise up to 56

turbines and one offshore substation, with the approximately 45km long export cable

corridor making landfall at Sizewell. The installed capacity of the project will be 336MW.

Offshore construction of GWF is currently scheduled to commence in June 2016.

1.1.2. The GWF array site and export cable corridor overlaps with an area known to contain

unexploded ordnance (UXO). Using existing survey information GWFL has estimated that

approximately 80 unidentified objects could be UXO which require disposal. However it is

expected that this number will be reduced to less than half of this as a result of further

survey and cable routing amendments. Following surveys undertaken in 2015 and early

2016, the number of potential items of UXO requiring action (removal, relocation or

detonation) will be known. To avoid delay at a later stage of the development, GWFL is

applying for a Marine Licence to inspect and clear up to 40 items of UXO across the whole

project site. In reality it is likely that many of the items identified are not UXO and if they are

deemed to be a hazard to the development will only be required to be removed or

relocated.

1.1.3. This document sets out the standard methodology by which each identified UXO will be

identified, assessed, relocated and detonated as appropriate, as well as how any further

discoveries will be dealt with. The proposed Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan (MMMP) for

these activities is provided in Appendix A.

1.1.4. The process for UXO disposal and removal will take place during two distinct timeframes as

set out below:

Items of UXO identified for clearance / detonation prior to offshore construction;

and

Items of previously unknown “rogue” UXO discovered during the course of

construction that will require detonation / removal at short notice.





1.1.5. The contractors responsible for pre-construction and during construction UXO disposal may

be different. There may therefore be minor differences between the detailed method

statements during these periods. The methodologies in this document are considered to be

sufficiently representative of the methodologies that will be employed both during pre-

construction and during construction. They are therefore considered appropriate for the

purpose of informing the Marine Licence application and associated MMMP to cover both

periods.

Legend:

Title:

Project:Client:

Galloper Wind Farm Ltd

±

RIGHTWELL HOUSEBRETTON

PETERBOROUGHPE3 8DW

+44 (0)1733 33 44 55www.royalhaskoningdhv.co.uk

Drawn: Scale:Checked:Date:Revision:

Drawing No:

Size:

WGS84 UTM Zone 31N

Figure:

Co-ordinate system:

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0 10 20

Kilometres

HASKONINGDHV UK LTDINDUSTRY, ENERGY & MINING

Galloper Offshore Wind Farm & Export CableCorridor

Site Location

Galloper Wind Farm MarineLicence Support

PB3832-GWF-0011.1

© HaskoningDHV UK Ltd. Charts from MarineFIND.co.uk © Crown copyright, 2015.All rights reserved. Licence No EK001-0645-MF0095. Not to be used for navigation.

01 30/06/2015 LB RZ A3 1:350,00002 01/07/2015 LB RZ A3 1:350,000





2. UXO Identification, Assessment, Clearance and Disposal Methodology

2.1.1. The procedures set out below follow best practice within the offshore wind industry when

disposing of UXO.

2.2. Mobilisation

2.2.1. The contractor will mobilise an investigation and disposal spread. This spread is likely to

include:

GWF Project Crew Transfer Vessel (CTV) platform vessel (during construction period)

or other vessel for pre-construction works (e.g. DP2 class vessel);

Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV);

Dive spread for positive identification of UXO if required (e.g. if ROV cannot positively

identify the target);

Multi beam echo sounder;

Side scan sonar;

Magnetic gradiometer sensor; and

Detonation equipment.

2.3. Target Identification and Assessment

2.3.1. GWFL’s preference is that initial inspection will take place by ROV with reconnaissance

undertaken including video and sonar recording equipment. If the target is at the surface

and seawater visibility permits, a positive identification will be attempted. If the target is

buried, a magnetometer sweep will be conducted and should the target be within range a

small hydraulic jetter may be utilised to excavate the seabed material around the target in

order to expose it. If the seabed material does not allow jetting, then air-lifting may be

used. Should a positive identification not be possible, then Explosive Ordnance Disposal

(EOD) experienced divers may be deployed to confirm a UXO target and type.

2.3.2. Once UXO has been confirmed GWFL will contact HM Coastguard and inform them of the

location and type of UXO found. The police will also be informed who will forward the

information to the Joint Services Explosive Ordnance Disposal (JSEOD) unit. The JSEOD

unit may undertake the UXO disposal operation or, more likely, inform GWFL that they may

proceed with UXO disposal operations.





2.4. UXO Removal, Relocation and Disposal

2.4.1. Once the intended target has been identified as UXO and GWFL have been informed that

they may proceed with disposal, a decision will be made whether to detonate in situ or for

the UXO to be moved to an alternative location. If a decision is made to detonate in situ,

the site will be secured and a safety exclusion zone of not less than 1km radius imposed.

This exclusion zone is designed to ensure that personnel and vessels are protected during

the controlled detonation. Notices to Airmen (NOTAM) and Notices to Mariners (NtM) will

be posted in advance. Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs) using visual and/or acoustic

surveillance will ensure that marine mammals are not present within a 1km Mitigation Zone.

Guard vessel(s) will also be posted if required.

2.4.2. The safety exclusion and marine mammal mitigation zones have been set at a conservative

distance which will be sufficient to account for the presence of larger items of UXO, should

these be discovered.

2.5. Draft Detonation Methodology

2.5.1. The UXO pre-construction disposal operations will take place in the export cable route

between March and June 2016 and in the array area between July and September 2016.

UXO disposal operations during construction may take place at any time after the

commencement of construction in June 2016. In advance of each disposal activity, plans

and timings will be shared with the Marine Management Organisation and through NtMs.

2.5.2. All detonations will take place in daylight (to ensure ease of command and control over the

site in general and the exclusion zone in particular and to maximize the efficacy of marine

mammal mitigation works). The works will be undertaken in favourable conditions, typically

those associated with sea state 3 or below.

2.5.3. Prior to the planned detonation time a security message will be transmitted on VHF

Channel 16 stating vessel name, position of firing and planned time (at least 6 hours before

the detonation). The same message will be transmitted again, 30 minutes and 10 minutes

prior to the detonation on VHF Ch16. The final 10 seconds leading up to the detonation will

also be transmitted on VHF Ch16.

2.5.4. To detonate the devices one of two methods may be utilised: generic donor charge or EOD

disrupter. Both methods are set out in the sections below.





Method A – Generic donor charge methodology

2.5.5. To generate a controlled detonation a minimum quantity of high explosive donor charge will

be used. It is anticipated that 2-3kg of explosive will be required per UXO. The paragraphs

below describe the procedures that will be followed.

2.5.6. Once the exclusion zone has been cleared and secured, an ROV (or diver) support vessel

will enter the exclusion zone.

2.5.7. Divers or a remotely piloted ROV will safely place a high explosive donor charge(s) with the

shock tube initiation system and remote means of triggering the detonation. Once the

charge has been placed and the exclusion zone has been cleared, a radio-check will be

undertaken to ensure that:

The cordon is secure;

Vessels have not entered the cordon;

Low flying aircraft have not been observed; and

The MMO is satisfied that no marine mammals are within the 1km exclusion zone.

2.5.8. Once it has been confirmed the area is clear, the donor charge will be initiated.

2.5.9. Following detonation an EOD safety “soak-period” of not less than 20 minutes will be

observed. Following this the ROV (or diver) support vessel will return to its original stand-

off position and deploy the ROV (or divers) to inspect the site (employing cameras and/or

sector scanner) in order to verify that the donor charge has worked and the items have

been completely detonated, leaving no trace of high-explosives in the vicinity.

2.5.10. If any high explosive residue is left in place the site will be made safe and, if necessary,

another controlled explosion will take place. This is a contingency plan and is not ordinarily

expected to be executed. If it was necessary to carry out a second detonation, operations

would follow the same procedures as those set out above. Once the area has been

declared safe and free from explosives, the cordon will be collapsed and the operation

declared complete.

2.5.11. Each item of UXO will be dealt with in a similar manner.





Method B – EOD disrupter discharge methodology

2.5.12. As an alternative to the generic donor charge method, GWFL may employ an EOD

Disruptor device, such as a Barracuda. This is a shaped charge which contains

approximately 1kg of plastic explosive in its main charge.

2.5.13. The EOD Disruptor is deployed by an ROV. When the ROV is 1m away from the intended

UXO target, a concrete clump is deployed and placed 0.5m from the target. The EOD

Disrupter is attached to the concrete clump.

2.5.14. Once the EOD Disrupter is in position, a shot-line float is released to the surface paying out

the shock tube as it ascends. A surface initiation float is then attached at the surface. The

ROV is then recovered and the vessel will move approximately 1,000m from the target.

2.5.15. The sub-sea passive blast monitor is then deployed along with a Passive Acoustic

Monitoring (PAM) system if being utilised (see Appendix A). The shot-line float is then

recovered and the firing shot line connected to the surface initiation float. On completion

the surface ignition float is released and the mother vessel advised that this has been

successfully completed.

2.5.16. The EOD Discharge device main charge will then be detonated causing the UXO to

detonate.

Relocation Methodology

2.5.17. If it is deemed unsafe to detonate the UXO safely in situ, for example due to its proximity to

a sensitive asset, the UXO will be moved using an ROV and/or airbags (the latter only if

required to help achieve neutral buoyancy) and relocated to the closest site which would

enable its safe detonation without causing damage to any assets. The likelihood of an

inadvertent UXO detonation will be reduced to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)

through careful planning and control. A full precautionary safety cordon of 1000m will be

imposed throughout the relocation process.

2.5.18. Once the secondary location has been reached the same precautionary measures will take

place as set out in the previous sections and the UXO detonated by one of the two methods

above. The secondary location will be within the GWF Order Limits and decided on a case

by case basis in consultation with the Marine Management Organisation.





3. European Protected Species Licence

3.1.1. Based on the information presented within the GWF Environmental Statement (ES) harbour

porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is likely to be the only cetacean species that is regularly

encountered within the shallow coastal waters within and immediately adjacent to the GWF

site. Under Annex II and IV of the Habitats Directive harbour porpoise are listed as a

European Protected Species (EPS). It is stipulated that it is an offence to deliberately or

recklessly disturb any dolphin, porpoise or whale (cetacean).

3.1.2. It should be noted that if an EPS licence is deemed necessary the licence will be required

to cover all cetaceans.





4. Marine Mammal Mitigation Protocol

4.1.1. As part of the UXO disposal application, a MMMP (see Appendix A) has been developed

and will be agreed with the Regulators in accordance with the 2010 JNCC Guidelines for

minimising the risk of injury to marine mammals from using explosives. The purpose of

these guidelines is to reduce risk of injury and disturbance from explosive activities to

marine mammals including seals, whales, dolphins and porpoises. This is achieved

through a mitigation zone in which visual and acoustic detection of any potential marine

mammals is undertaken an hour prior to any detonations occurring.




Document Author: Jennifer Learmonth Marine Mammal Consultant

Adam Pharaoh Project Manager

Signature:

Document Reviewer: Andy Mee Offshore Site Manager

Jamie May OSC Package Manager

Signature: pp

Document Approver: Colin McAllister Consents Manager

Signature:

Issue Date: 10 February 2016

Document No. & Rev.: 002079949-04

Status Supplied: Submitted to MMO

Galloper Offshore Wind Farm UXO Disposal: Marine Mammal Impact Assessment and Mitigation





Copyright © 2015 RWE Innogy UK Limited

All pre-existing rights reserved.

This document is supplied on and subject to the terms and conditions of the Contractual Agreement relating to this work, under which this document has been supplied, in particular:

Liability

In preparation of this document RWE Innogy UK Limited has made reasonable efforts to ensure that the content is accurate, up to date and complete for the purpose for which it was contracted. RWE Innogy UK Limited makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of material supplied by the client or their agent.

Other than any liability on RWE Innogy UK Limited detailed in the contracts between the parties for this work RWE Innogy UK Limited shall have no liability for any loss, damage, injury, claim, expense, cost or other consequence arising as a result of use or reliance upon any information contained in or omitted from this document.

Any persons intending to use this document should satisfy themselves as to its applicability for their intended purpose.

The user of this document has the obligation to employ safe working practices for any activities referred to and to adopt specific practices appropriate to local conditions.





REVISION HISTORY

Rev. Description Date

1 Internal draft 08/09/2015

2 Submitted to MMO 13/10/2015

3 Revised version submitted to MMO 20/01/2016

4 Revised version submitted to the MMO v2 20/02/2016





Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 6

2 Marine mammals likely to be present ...................................................................................... 7

2.2 Harbour porpoise ..................................................................................................................... 8

2.3 White-beaked dolphin .............................................................................................................. 9

2.4 Harbour seal ........................................................................................................................... 10

2.5 Grey seal ................................................................................................................................ 11

3 Assessment criteria ................................................................................................................ 13

3.2 Lethal and physical effects (unweighted criteria) ................................................................... 13

3.3 Auditory injury (unweighted criteria and M-weighted criteria) ................................................ 13

4 Impact assessment ................................................................................................................ 15

4.1 Review of underwater noise associated with explosives ....................................................... 15

4.2 Potential impacts associated with explosives ........................................................................ 17

5 Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan (MMMP) .............................................................................. 20

5.2 Mitigation methodology .......................................................................................................... 20

5.3 Mitigation zone ....................................................................................................................... 21

5.4 Pre-detonation search ............................................................................................................ 21

5.5 Acoustic Deterrent Device ..................................................................................................... 22

5.6 Post-detonation search .......................................................................................................... 25

5.7 Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs)...................................................................................... 25

5.8 Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) ....................................................................................... 27

5.9 Sequencing of the detonations .............................................................................................. 28

5.10 Timing of UXO work ............................................................................................................... 29

5.11 Reporting ................................................................................................................................ 29

6 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 31

7 References ............................................................................................................................. 32

Table of figures Figure 1 August distribution of harbour seal around the south-east coast of England (2007-2013) ... 11

Figure 2 A representation of the mitigation zone, this is measured from the location of the explosive source out to a distance of 1km ............................................................................................. 21

Table of tables Table 1 Conservation status, population size, and management units for cetacean species in Annex

IV of the Habitats Directive for the key cetacean species relevant to the GWF ...................... 9

Table 2 Proposed auditory injury (PTS) criteria for functional hearing groups of marine mammals exposed to discrete noise events (single pulse exposures (e.g. single explosion) within 24h period) .................................................................................................................................... 14





Table 3 Sound Pressure Levels (0-Peak) recorded from the detonation of 45kg explosive charges measured from a seabed mounted hydrophone at varying water depths (84-116m) and ranges from explosion (75-400m) .......................................................................................... 16

Table 4 Sound Pressure Levels (0-Peak) recorded from the detonation of explosive charges (36-81kg) measured from the vessel at varying water depths (25-40m) and ranges from explosion (575-800m) ............................................................................................................................. 17

Table 5 Estimated ranges of lethal, physical and auditory injury of marine mammals for cutting charge weights from 2.7kg to 200kg .................................................................................................. 18

Table 6 Average dBht(Species) levels at 600m during explosive cutting using charges of 36 to 75kg 18

Table 7 The potential lethal and injury impact ranges for high level underwater sound sources ......... 19





1 Introduction

1.1.1 The Galloper Wind Farm (GWF) is a consented offshore wind farm located adjacent to the

operational Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm (GGOWF) in the Outer Thames Estuary

approximately 27km from the Suffolk coast. GWF will comprise up to 56 turbines and one

offshore sub-station, with the approximately 45km long export cable corridor making landfall

at Sizewell. The installed capacity of the project will be up to 336MW. Offshore

construction of GWF is currently scheduled to commence in June 2016.

1.1.2 The GWF array site and export cable corridor overlaps with an area known to contain

unexploded ordnance (UXO). The initial estimate of unidentified targets in this area is in

the order of 80, however it is expected that the number requiring disposal across the whole

site will be less than half of this. Following surveys to be undertaken along the export cable

corridor and the array site, the number of potential items of UXO requiring action (removal,

relocation or detonation) will be known. To avoid delay at a later stage of the development,

Galloper Wind Farm Ltd (GWFL) is applying for a Marine Licence to inspect and clear up to

40 items of UXO within the project site. In reality it is likely that many of these may simply

be removed or relocated rather than detonated.

1.1.3 This report presents an assessment of potential impacts of the identification, removal,

relocation and disposal of UXO on marine mammals and the proposed Marine Mammal

Mitigation Plan (MMMP) to minimise risk of injury to marine mammals from such activities.

The approach has been agreed with Natural England and should any alterations or

refinements be required, for example as a result of the procurement process for this work,

these will be further discussed and agreed with Natural England.





2 Marine mammals likely to be present

2.1.1 The GWF Environmental Statement1 (ES) found few marine mammal species at the site,

and none in any notable numbers or significant densities. The species most frequently

encountered within or near the site was harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Other

species infrequently recorded were white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris),

harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) and grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). Information is presented

below for each of these species in relation to their regional abundance and key seasons for

migrating, breeding, calving or pupping.

2.1.2 The regional study area for marine mammals in relation to GWF is the Outer Thames

Estuary and the southern North Sea. However, in order to account for the large ranges of

these species a wider area is also considered using reference population information for

each species. Reference populations provide a context for impact assessment and are

also referred to as Management Units (MUs), they are defined by the available data relating

to the movements and/or genetics of individuals within a population. This approach is

outlined in the current Inter-Agency Marine Mammal Working Group Advice (IAMMWG,

2015).

2.1.3 The European Union (EU) Habitats Directive (92/45/EEC) is a key legislative tool for the

protection of marine mammals; Annex IV classifies all cetaceans as European Protected

Species (EPS) on the basis of being endangered, vulnerable or rare. Grey and harbour

seals are listed in Annex V which makes provision for their removal or exploitation from the

wild to be subject to management measures. Annex II also lists Tursiops truncatus

bottlenose dolphin, harbour porpoise, grey and harbour seal as species for which EU

Member States are required to designated areas essential to their life and reproduction as

Special Areas of Conservation (SACs).

2.1.4 Article 12 requires Member States to take requisite measurements to establish protection

for these species within their natural ranges by prohibiting the following:

All forms of deliberate capture or killing of specimens of these species in the wild;

Deliberate disturbance of these species, particularly during the period of breeding, rearing,

hibernation and migration; and

Deterioration or destruction of breeding sites or resting places.

1 Galloper Wind Farm Limited (2011). Galloper Wind Farm Project Environmental Statement, available at

http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents (accessed 01 September 2015).

http://www.galloperwindfarm.com/application-documents





2.1.5 Consideration should also be given to relevant guidance and reports, including:

The Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) 2010 draft guidance on assessment of

whether a disturbance to a EPS could be considered non-trivial in the context of the

objectives of the Habitats Directive;

The definitions of Favourable Conservation Status (FCS) of species in Article 1(i) of the

Habitats Directive;

The JNCC (2013) species reports for the 3rd UK Habitats Directive Report on the

Conservation Status assessment for UK marine mammals; and

Legislative provisions of member states which implement the requirements of the Directive.

2.2 Harbour porpoise

2.2.1 Harbour porpoise is the most abundant cetacean recorded in UK waters and in the North

Sea (Hammond et al., 2013) where it is present most of the year round. Harbour porpoise

calving peaks through June and July, but the location of this activity remains unknown.

However it is thought that this species makes seasonal inshore movements which are

potentially linked to the feeding of calves in shallow waters (JNCC, 2015). Due to these

uncertainties not enough information presently exists to determine whether some parts of

their range are more important than others for breeding.

2.2.2 During the summer 2005 SCANS II survey in the southern North Sea, harbour porpoise

abundance was estimated to be 140,229 with a European wide population of 375,358 (95%

confidence interval (CI)= 256,304 – 549,713 (Hammond et al., 2013)). The absolute

abundance of harbour porpoise in SCANS II block B (in which GWF is located) was 40,927

(Co-efficient of Variation (CV) = 0.38), and the estimated absolute density was 0.331

individuals per km2 (CV = 0.38, Hammond et al., 2013).

2.2.3 The reference population for harbour porpoise in this assessment is based on the IAMMMG

North Sea MU (IAMMWG, 2015), which includes SCANS II surveys blocks U, T, V, L, Y, H,

M and part of blocks B and S. The estimated abundance of animals in this MU is 227,298

(CV = 0.13; 95% CI = 176,360 - 292,948; IAMMWG, 2015). However, using this MU

represents a conservative approach in terms of a biological assessment, as guidance from

Marine Scotland (Northridge, 2012) suggests that considering large stock area for harbour

porpoise is appropriate; with open borders existing between the North Sea and Kattegat,

North Sea and Norwegian Sea and between western Channel and Celtic Shelf/Irish Sea.





2.2.4 JNCC (2013) reported harbour porpoise abundance specific to UK waters of 177,567 (CV =

0.15) and a ‘favourable’ conservation status for the 2006-2012 reporting period of the 3rd

UK Habitats Directive assessment (Table 1).

2.3 White-beaked dolphin

2.3.1 White-beaked dolphin are present year-round in the North Sea, with most sightings

recorded between June and October (Reid et al., 2003). The SCANS II survey provides a

population estimate of 10,666 for the North Sea and a wider European population estimate

of 16,536 (CV = 0.303; 95% CI = 9,245 - 29,586; Hammond et al., 2013).

2.3.2 There were no sightings of white-beaked dolphin in block B (in which GWF is located)

during the SCANS II survey (Hammond et al., 2013).

2.3.3 The IAMMWG recommend a single MU for white-beaked dolphin comprising all UK waters,

and extending to the seaward boundary used by the European Commission for Habitats

Directive reporting (area known as Marine Atlantic, termed MATL). IAMMWG refer to this

MU as Celtic and Greater North Seas (CGNS). The abundance of white-beaked dolphin in

this MU, and the reference population for this assessment, is 15,895 (CV = 0.29; 95% CI =

9,107-27,743; IAMMWG, 2015).

2.3.4 JNCC (2013) reported a ‘favourable’ conservation status of white-beaked dolphin for the

2006-2012 reporting period of the 3rd UK Habitats Directive assessment (Table 1).

Table 1 Conservation status, population size, and management units for cetacean species in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive for the key cetacean species relevant to the GWF

Species

UK Conservation Status assessment

Southern North Sea population

North Sea population

European population

UK Management Unit (MU) (reference population for assessment)

Harbour porpoise

Favourable SCANS II: 134,434

SCANS II: 231,108 (Northern North Sea, Southern North Sea and Central North Sea combined)

SCANS II: 385,617 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 261,266-569,153)

North Sea: 227,298 (Coefficient of Variation (CV) = 0.13; 95% CI = 176,360-292,948)

White-beaked dolphin

Favourable Unknown SCANS II: 10,562 (CV = 0.29)

SCANS II: 22,664 (95% CI = 10,341-49,670)

CGNS: 15,985 (CV = 0.29; 95% CI 9,107-27,743)

Sources: Hammond et al. (2013); IAMMWG (2015); JNCC (2013)





2.4 Harbour seal

2.4.1 The harbour (or common) seal is one of the most widespread pinniped species in the

Northern Hemisphere with an almost circumpolar distribution. Within Europe approximately

30% of harbour seals are found in the UK, a decline from the approximate 40% in 2002

(SCOS, 2014).

2.4.2 In the UK, pupping occurs on land and during June and July and consequently females and

pups spend much of these months ashore (SCOS, 2014). This onshore presence extends

into August and September when moulting occurs as moulting seals also spend a lot of

time on land. Harbour seals are therefore more often on land between June and

September than at other times of the year (Hammond et al., 2004).

2.4.3 Harbour seals are counted while they are on land during their August moult, giving a

minimum estimate of population size. The most recent minimum estimate of the UK

harbour seal population is 26,290, based on counts from 2007-2012 (SCOS, 2014).

Scaling this by the estimated proportion hauled out produced an estimated total population

for the UK in 2013 of 36,500 (approximate 95% CI 29,900 – 49,700; SCOS, 2014).

2.4.4 The minimum estimate for harbour seal populations in England is 4,622, approximately

18% of the UK total, based on the most recent counts (2007-2013; SCOS, 2014).

2.4.5 Harbour seals are an Annex II feature of The Wash and North Norfolk Coast SAC, the

closest SAC for harbour seal to the GWF site.

2.4.6 The IAMMWG recognises 11 MUs for harbour seal, and GWF is located within the south-

east England MU. The most recent August counts of harbour seals (2007-2013) for the

south-east England MU was 4,504 (SCOS, 2014). Locations of harbour seal distribution in

August (2007-2013) around the south-east England coast is indicated in Figure 1 (SCOS,

2014).

2.4.7 The combined counts for the south-east England management unit in 2013 (4,504) was

very similar to the previous equivalent count (4,568 combination from 2010 and 2012).

Although the south-east England population has returned to its pre-2002 epidemic levels, it

is still lagging behind the rapid recovery of the harbour seal population in the Wadden Sea

where counts have increased from 10,800 in 2003 to 26,788 in 2013, equivalent to an

average annual growth rate of 9.5% over the last ten years (SCOS, 2014).





2.4.8 The Zoological Society of London surveyed the wider Thames area between Hamford

Water (in Essex) and Goodwin Sands (off the Kent coast) and counted 482 harbour seals

(Barker et al., 2014), the highest count recorded for this area (SCOS, 2014).

Figure 1 August distribution of harbour seal around the south-east coast of England (2007-2013)

Source: SCOS (2014)

2.5 Grey seal

2.5.1 It is estimated that 38% of the world’s grey seal population breed in the UK. The most

recent estimate for the UK population is 111,600 (95% CI 92,000-137,900, SCOS, 2014).

Air surveys in 2012 resulted in an estimate for the complete UK grey seal pup population of

56,988 (95% CI 56,317-57,683) of which 5,213 were from English colonies (SCOS, 2014).

2.5.2 Grey seals breed in autumn in the UK and peak pupping occurs in eastern England

between early November and mid-December (SCOS, 2014). Colonies on the east coast of

England are monitored by the National Trust, Lincolnshire Trust for Natural History and

Natural England. Numbers of pups born at these colonies continued to increase rapidly,

with colonies in the southern North Sea increasing by 10.5% between 2010 and 2012. Pup

production at Donna Nook and East Anglia increased by 14.4% and those at the Farne

Islands by 3.4% over the same period (SCOS, 2014).





2.5.3 Donna Nook is the location of the breeding grey seal colony in the Humber Estuary SAC,

where grey seal are a qualifying feature, the closest SAC for grey seals to the GWF site.

2.5.4 The IAMMWG recognise 11 MUs for grey seal, and GWF is located within the south-east

England MU. The estimate of grey seal pup production was 3,107, and the estimated

population size was 10,350 (IAMMWG, 2013).





3 Assessment criteria

3.1.1 Underwater noise can cause lethal, physical injury or auditory injury, and behavioural (e.g.

disturbance) impacts on marine mammals. The potential impacts of underwater noise

depend upon the noise source characteristics, the receptor species, distance from the

sound source and noise attenuation within the environment. The potential impacts of noise

on marine mammals assessed are: lethal doses (causing fatality), physical non-auditory

injury and auditory injury (both permanent and temporary).

3.2 Lethal and physical effects (unweighted criteria)

3.2.1 Research into lethal and physical effects of noise on marine mammals remains extremely

limited. However, Parvin et al. (2007) developed the following criteria to assess the

likelihood of lethal and physical impacts resulting from underwater noise on marine

receptors (it should be noted that these criteria make no distinction between species):

Lethal effect may occur where peak noise levels exceed 240 dB re 1 μPa; and

Physical injury may occur where peak noise levels exceed 220 dB re 1 μPa.

3.3 Auditory injury (unweighted criteria and M-weighted criteria)

3.3.1 Southall et al. (2007) proposed criteria for the levels of underwater noise that may lead to

auditory injury in marine mammals based on unweighted peak Sound Pressure Levels

(SPL) and M-Weighted Sound Exposure Levels (SEL). The criteria groups marine

mammals based on known or estimated auditory sensitivity at different frequencies (Table

2).

3.3.2 Table 2 presents the Southall et al. (2007) proposed criteria for auditory injury in the form of

a permanent threshold shift (PTS) to marine mammal hearing groups based on both

unweighted peak SPL and M-weighted SEL for single pulsed sounds, such as a single

explosion.





Table 2 Proposed auditory injury (PTS) criteria for functional hearing groups of marine mammals exposed to discrete noise events (single pulse exposures (e.g. single explosion) within 24h period)

Marine mammal group Sound type: single pulses (e.g. single explosion)

Low-frequency cetaceans: mysticetes (baleen whales, e.g. minke whale)

Sound pressure level (unweighted) 230 dB re: 1 μPa (peak) (flat)

Sound exposure level (M-weighted) 198 dB re: 1 μPa2-s (Mlf)

Mid-frequency cetaceans: some odontocetes (toothed whales, e.g. white-beaked dolphin)


Sound exposure level (M-weighted) 198 dB re: 1 μPa2-s (Mmf)

High-frequency cetaceans: odontocetes using high frequencies (e.g. harbour porpoise)


Sound exposure level (M-weighted) 198 dB re: 1 μPa2-s (Mhf)

Pinnipeds (in water): seals (e.g. grey and harbour seal)


Sound exposure level (M-weighted) 186 dB re: 1 μPa2-s (Mpw)

Note: All criteria for the SPL are based on the peak pressure known or assumed to elicit TTS-onset, plus 6 dB. Criteria for the SEL are based on the SEL eliciting TTS-onset plus 15 dB for any type of marine mammal exposed to single pulses. Source: Southall et al. (2007).





4 Impact assessment

4.1 Review of underwater noise associated with explosives

4.1.1 The source levels from explosive detonations are some of the largest sounds generated by

anthropogenic activities and can produce source levels of 272-287 dB re1μPa@1m (0-

peak), or greater (Genesis, 2011). Explosions generate low frequencies 2-1000Hz with the

main energy between 6-21Hz and have very rapid durations <1ms-10ms (Richardson et al.,

1995; NRC, 2005; Genesis, 2011).

4.1.2 Underwater explosions have the potential to cause injury or even death to marine animals,

the potential to cause physical injuries arises not only from the high peak pressures, but

also the initial shock wave that is emitted (Genesis, 2011). The low frequency energy has

the potential to travel considerable distance and also cause injury at long range (Parvin et

al., 2007).

4.1.3 Without specific information on the UXO that might be required to be detonated on the

GWF site, a review of available literature was conducted to provide an indication of the

noise levels and ranges associated with the detonations of explosives underwater. A

summary of this review is provided in the following sections.

Detonation of UXO at Gwynt Môr Offshore Wind Farm

4.1.4 Three unexploded German high-explosive WWII 50kg bombs were identified within the

Gwynt y Môr Offshore Wind Farm (CMACS, 2014). The three devices contained

approximately 25kg of high explosives. Due to their age they were corroded and

dangerous; the safest and simplest method was to destroy them by sympathetic detonation

(by emplacing a donor charge of high explosives in very close proximity). They were not

considered safe to move other than, if necessary, for the purpose of relocation a short

distance away from hazards for detonation, and were to be destroyed in situ.

4.1.5 Noise modelling was conducted to determine a likely zone of influence for injury, based on

the criteria proposed by Southall et al. (2007) for multiple pulse sounds which are un-

weighted peak pressure level of 230 dB re 1 μPa for cetaceans and an un-weighted peak

pressure level of 218 dB re 1 μPa for pinnipeds. The results are summarised below

(CMACS, 2014):

Peak source blast pressure at @1m likely to be >280 dB re 1μPa SPLpeak.





For a 25kg charge in shallow water (<50m), the peak pressures 230 and 218 dB re 1μPa

SPLpeak).

4.1.6 This indicates that the proposed mitigation zone of 1km for the UXO clearance at the GWF

site should be more than adequate for preventing any potential auditory injury (PTS) in

marine mammals.

Decommissioning of wellheads

4.1.7 The decommissioning of wellheads in the North Sea has provided an additional opportunity

to collect information on the acoustic signatures of explosives in the marine environment

(Nedwell et al., 2001). Measurements of sound pressure were taken at two locations from

the explosive operation: the vessel when it moved to its standoff position (which ranged

from 600-800m from the wellhead; Table 3); and from an underwater seabed mounted

hydrophone (Table 3). The highest sound pressure level recorded for a 45kg charge

detonation recorded by the seabed mounted hydrophone was 232 dB (0-peak) re1μPa and

was recorded at a distance of 300m (Table 3 and Table 4).

4.1.8 The results for the use of explosive detonations during wellhead decommissioning, indicate

that the peak SPL could be in excess of levels likely to cause injury (PTS) to cetaceans out

to a distance of at least 300m and injury (PTS) in pinnipeds out to 800m (Genesis, 2011).


site should be more than adequate for preventing any potential auditory injury (PTS) in

marine mammals.

Table 3 Sound Pressure Levels (0-Peak) recorded from the detonation of 45kg explosive charges measured from a seabed mounted hydrophone at varying water depths (84-116m) and ranges from explosion (75-400m)

Range (m)

Charge Size (kg) Depth of hydrophone (m) Received level (0-Peak) dB re1μPa@range

75 45 116 227 dB re1μPa @75

125 45 87 226 dB re1μPa @125

200 45 110 225 dB re1μPa @200

300 45 91 232 dB re1μPa @300

300 45 84 230 dB re1μPa @300

400 45 108 223 dB re1μPa @400

Source: Nedwell et al. (2001); Genesis (2011)





Table 4 Sound Pressure Levels (0-Peak) recorded from the detonation of explosive charges (36-81kg) measured from the vessel at varying water depths (25-40m) and ranges from explosion (575-800m)

Range (m) Charge Size (kg) Depth of hydrophone (m) Received level (0-Peak) dB re1μPa@range

650 36 30 221 dB re1μPa@650m

650 36 25 222 dB re1μPa@650m

800 36 30 221 dB re1μPa@800m

575 45 30 211 dB re1μPa@575m

575 45 25 211 dB re1μPa@575m

600 45 40 213 dB re1μPa@600m

600 45 35 214 dB re1μPa@600m

600 45 30 214 dB re1μPa@600m

600 45 25 214 dB re1μPa@600m

650 45 25 217 dB re1μPa@650m

650 45 30 218 dB re1μPa@650m

650 45 35 221 dB re1μPa@650m

650 45 40 221 dB re1μPa@650m

600 73 30 220 dB re1μPa@600m

650 73 25 226 dB re1μPa@650m

600 81 30 220 dB re1μPa@600m

600 81 25 226 dB re1μPa@600m

Source: Nedwell et al. (2001); Genesis (2011)

4.2 Potential impacts associated with explosives

Potential lethal and injury ranges

4.2.1 From the data in Nedwell et al. (2001) for wellhead decommissioning cutting charge

weights from 2.7kg to 200kg, the lethal range for charges fired without any attenuation

would vary from 40m to about 110m, respectively; for physical injury the range would vary

from 300m to about 850m, respectively, and auditory injury may occur to ranges in excess

of 600m for explosive cutting operations (Table 5; Nedwell and Parvin, 2009).


site should be more than adequate for preventing any potential lethal, physical or auditory

injury in marine mammals.





Table 5 Estimated ranges of lethal, physical and auditory injury of marine mammals for cutting charge weights from 2.7kg to 200kg

Effect Range

Lethal injury (240 dB re 1 Pa) 40-110m

Physical injury (220 dB re 1 Pa) 300-850m

Auditory injury (180 dB re 1 Pa) >600m

4.2.3 Based on the dBht(Species) perceived sound levels and measurements from the Nedwell et

al. (2001) study of wellhead decommissioning, the average dBht(Species) levels at 600m

during explosive cutting using charges of 36kg to 75kg, indicate levels were in excess of

130 dBht and there is the likelihood of hearing damage in harbour seal and harbour

porpoise (Table 6; Nedwell and Parvin, 2009).


site should be more than adequate for preventing any potential lethal, physical or auditory

injury in marine mammals.

Table 6 Average dBht(Species) levels at 600m during explosive cutting using charges of 36 to 75kg

Species dBht(Species) level

Harbour seal 135.8

Harbour porpoise 152.1

Source: Nedwell et al. (2001); Nedwell and Parvin (2009)

4.2.5 The lethal and injury impact ranges for high level underwater sound sources, based on the

potential onset of lethal injury at a Peak Pressure level of 240 dB re. 1μPa and for injury

from a transient event at incident levels above 220 re. 1μPa @ 1 m are summarised in

Table 7 (Parvin et al., 2007). However, it should be noted that the freely suspended

detonations in Table 7, would have a greater range than equivalent detonations on the

seabed. Any potential detonations at GWF would not be freely suspended and some may

even be below the level of the seabed, depending how the target is buried, this may further

shield the explosion.

4.2.6 Again, this indicates that, even for the largest blast, the proposed mitigation zone of 1km for

the UXO clearance at the GWF site should be more than adequate for preventing any

potential injury in marine mammals.





Table 7 The potential lethal and injury impact ranges for high level underwater sound sources

Source Source Level (dB re. 1 μPa @ 1 m)

Lethal range (m) (240 dB re. 1μPa)

Injury range (m) (220 re. 1μPa @ 1 m)

Wellhead severance. Underwater blast 40kg freely suspended

285 110 900

Underwater blast 2.27kg freely suspended

276 43 350

Borehole blasting. Underwater blast 20kg confined in rock

257 6 48

Source: Parvin et al. (2007)





5 Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan (MMMP)

5.1.1 This MMMP is for the proposed activities to identify, remove, relocate and, if needed,

dispose of UXO at the GWF site.

5.2 Mitigation methodology

5.2.1 The following mitigation shall be implemented in order to reduce the likelihood of any injury

from underwater noise during the clearance of any UXO:

The controlled explosions of the ordnance will be undertaken by specialist contractors using

the minimum amount of explosives required in order to achieve safe disposal of the device;

All detonations will take place in daylight and the works will be undertaken in favourable

conditions, typically those associated with sea state 3 or below;

In normal circumstances it is expected that disposal operations will take place during

periods of lower tidal currents, i.e. on and around slack water, and therefore there will

usually be a minimum of at least 4 hours between each explosion, although if UXO are

located in close proximity there is potential for near simultaneous detonations;

Establishment of a mitigation zone of 1km radius (encompassing the range of potential

injury for all marine mammal species, as outlined in Section 4);

Pre-detonation observations by Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs);

Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) to support visual observations, if required due to poor

visibility; and

Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADD) to displace key marine mammals species (harbour

porpoise, harbour seal and grey seal) from the mitigation zone.

5.2.2 The aim of the mitigation strategy is to ensure that no marine mammals are within the

mitigation zone during detonation of any UXO, if required, through the use of MMOs, ADD

and PAM.

5.2.3 The mitigation strategy outlined below complies with the Joint Nature Conservation

Committee (JNCC) guidelines for minimising the risk of injury to marine mammals from

using explosives (JNCC, 2010).





5.3 Mitigation zone

5.3.1 The mitigation zone is the area in which mitigation measures are implemented to ensure

avoidance of injury. The review of available information (Section 4) to determine the

distance at which the explosive detonations could cause physical injury to marine

mammals, indicates that an adequate and appropriate mitigation zone would be 1km, this is

also the default mitigation zone radius recommended by the JNCC (2010).

5.3.2 The mitigation zone for marine mammal observation mitigation will be 1km measured from

the explosive source and with a circular coverage of 360 degrees (Figure 2). One vessel

will be the platform for the MMOs, PAM system (if used) and ADD. The vessel will be

approximately 1km from the detonation site patrolling the exclusion zone.

Figure 2 A representation of the mitigation zone, this is measured from the location of the explosive source out to a distance of 1km

Source: JNCC (2010)

5.4 Pre-detonation search

5.4.1 At least 1 hour before any type of detonation, a visual watch and passive acoustic

monitoring (if required due to poor visibility) will be carried out in the mitigation zone. This

pre-detonation search shall continue until the MMOs advise the relevant designated person

that the mitigation zone is clear of marine mammals, and the detonation operation can start.





5.4.2 If any marine mammals are detected within the mitigation zone during the pre-detonation

survey, the MMOs will immediately notify the relevant EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal)

designated person in charge advising that the clearance operation should be delayed.

5.4.3 The explosive detonations will not be undertaken within 20 minutes of a marine mammal

being detected within the mitigation zone. Any marine mammal observed, or acoustically

detected, within the mitigation zone during the pre-detonation survey, will be monitored and

tracked until it moves out of range. If the marine mammal is not detected again within 20

minutes, it is assumed to have left the area and the detonation may commence.

5.4.4 If the MMO is uncertain whether marine mammals are present within the mitigation zone,

they will advise that the activity is delayed as a precaution until they are certain that no

animals are present.

5.4.5 All MMOs will be required to move away from the detonation to a safe stand-off distance

prior to detonation commencing.

5.4.6 If MMOs are not able to observe the entirety of the mitigation zone, e.g. due to a poor sea

state or visibility, a PAM system may be used to perform the pre-detonation search. If a

cetacean is detected acoustically, the PAM operative will use a range indication and their

judgement to determine whether the marine mammal is within the mitigation zone.

5.5 Acoustic Deterrent Device

5.5.1 To supplement the MMO and PAM mitigation, ADD will be used to ensure that no marine

mammals are present within the mitigation zone by encouraging animals to leave the area

temporarily, to mitigate the risk of fatality and physical or auditory injury to marine

mammals.

5.5.2 GWFL proposed to use the Lofitech seal scarer. This ADD has been shown to have the

most consistent effective deterrent ranges for harbour seals, grey seals and harbour

porpoise, which are the key species of concern at the GWF site. The Lofitech device has

successfully been used in the aquaculture industry, offshore wind industry, and in various

trials with effects up to several kilometres (Gordon et al, 2015; Coram et al., 2014) and far

exceeding the 1km mitigation zone required for UXO detonations at GWF.

5.5.3 The manufacturers of the Lofitech device provide a source level of 189 dB which is

supported by numerous field measurements which have recorded source levels of around

179 to 194 dB (Coram et al., 2014).





5.5.4 Herschel et al. (2013) presents an analysis of the potential for PTS from various ADD

devices. For the Lofitech device seals would need to remain within 60m for 10 hours or

within 7m for 8 minutes to receive a sound dose equivalent to the pinniped Southall et al.

(2007) M-weighted threshold for PTS-onset. Harbour porpoises would need to remain

within 76m for 10 hours or within 9m for 8 minutes using the equivalent high frequency

cetacean M-weighted threshold (Southall et al., 2007). The likelihood of any marine

mammal remaining within this area is very low and given the presence of an aversive

signal, such residence times at these distances from ADDs are considered extremely

unlikely.

ADD operating procedure

5.5.5 For a conservative 1km mitigation zone, assuming a swim speed of 1.5ms-1, activation of

the ADD would be required for 11 minutes.

5.5.6 As a precautionary approach, ADD activation during the pre-detonation MMO search will be

for 15 minutes prior to any explosions to allow marine mammals to move to 1km from the

activity with the MMO monitoring the presence of marine mammals during ADD activity.

Should any marine mammals remain within the mitigation zone during this time, this will be

communicated to the operations team and no detonations will commence until 20 minutes

after the animal is last observed in the mitigation zone.

5.5.7 Two ADDs will be deployed; if possible one ADD on each end or side of the vessel used by

the MMO, PAM and ADD operators. Prior to deployment a survey of the vessel will be

conducted by the operational manager, a rigger and an electrical supervisor (or

suitable/equivalent persons) to agree the best location and method of providing power

supply and communications to the ADDs and operator. The ADDs will be deployed from

the deck of the vessel, with the control unit and power supply at suitable positions on deck.

The transducer part of the ADDs will be lowered over the side of the vessel to a water

depth which is below the draft of the vessel.

5.5.8 The ADDs will be tested for operation before being activated, using a low sensitivity

hydrophone connected to a laptop computer. This will be done by deploying the

hydrophone over the side of the vessel to ensure the ADDs are working in situ.

5.5.9 A trained and dedicated ADD operator will be responsible for ADD maintenance, operation





and reporting. This could be an existing member of the crew specifically trained in the

MMMP and ADD operation who would be available to carry out the required duties in

addition to their existing role, or it could be an additional member of trained staff employed

with the sole responsibility of ADD operation, or it could be in combination with another

environmental role, e.g. the MMO.

5.5.10 The ADD duties will be to undertake maintenance and preparation, including ensuring

batteries are fully charged, initial testing, deployment and operation prior to any UXO

detonations, communication with all parties, and recording and reporting of all ADD and

blasting activity.

5.5.11 Prior to any UXO detonations, the ADD operator will wet test the kit to ensure the ADD’s

are working and ensure they can be deployed appropriately from the vessel to an

appropriate and agreed depth. The ADD operator will test the ADDs through the use of a

hydrophone (PAM). This will be done via deploying the hydrophone over the side of the

vessel to ensure the ADD is working once it is in situ. The ADD operator will also check

and confirm communication between all parties to ensure there is sufficient time to deploy

the ADD.

5.5.12 During breaks between detonations, e.g. during transit to the next UXO location, there will

be no ADD operation and the procedure will be restarted 15 minutes prior to the next

detonation.

5.5.13 After each 15 minute deployment of the ADD, the ADD operator will recover the ADDs and

undertake routine checks and maintenance (as necessary) to ensure the ADDs are ready

for the next deployment and continue to work as expected, e.g. ensure batteries are

sufficiently charged.

5.5.14 The ADD operator will maintain a detailed record of all ADD deployments. These reports

will include a record of all ADD start and stop times, a record of each verification of ADD

activation and a record of any issues with ADD deployment and activation.

5.5.15 Monitoring of the mitigation zone (MMO) will be undertaken during the 15 minute ADD

deployment.

5.5.16 If the MMO and ADD operator is the same person, they will test and deploy the ADD before

their one hour watch. If a member of the ship’s crew is the ADD operator in addition to the

MMO, the ADD operator would not need to undertake a 15 minute watch as the MMO will





already be undertaking the pre-detonation watch.

5.5.17 Explosive detonations will not commence IF marine mammals are detected within the

mitigation zone (during the 15 minute ADD deployment) and until 20 minutes after the last

visual detection. Full details of any delays would be recorded and reported.

5.6 Post-detonation search

5.6.1 The MMOs/PAM operators will conduct a post-detonation search within the mitigation zone

for at least 15 minutes after the most recent detonation, to look for any evidence of injury to

marine life, such as fish kills. Any unusual observations will be noted in the report (see

Section 5.11).

5.7 Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs)

5.7.1 Dedicated and trained MMOs will be used to monitor the mitigation zone and conduct the

pre- and post-detonation searches. The MMOs will be JNCC certified and suitably

competent.

5.7.2 The number of MMOs will be sufficient to observe a 3600 view around the noise source. It is

anticipated that a minimum of two MMOs will be offshore at any one time to cover the

whole duration of the works.

5.7.3 The MMOs will be onboard the vessel(s) that provides the best viewing platform, ensuring

that the entire mitigation zone can be observed. The visual monitoring for marine mammals

will be conducted from a suitable platform on the vessel(s), such as the ship’s bridge, that

allows 3600 cover between the MMOs.

5.7.4 The MMOs will be suitably equipped with binoculars and Marine Mammal Reporting forms,

and be capable of determining the extent of the mitigation zone in relation to their viewing

platform.

5.7.5 The MMOs will scan the mitigation zone systematically with the unaided eye. Binoculars

will be used to aid the search and identification to species level of any sightings. A range

stick may be used to aid the estimation of distance of the sighting from the observation

vessel. Sightings will be recorded and a JNCC Marine Mammal Recording and Sightings

Form will be completed subsequently.

5.7.6 Information on the survey effort (i.e. start and end times) and survey conditions (e.g.





weather and sea state) will be recorded by the MMOs. When a mammal sighting is made,

the following information will be recorded:

Species, group size, age/size/sex categories (e.g. adult/juvenile, if determinable);

Physical description of features of animals which cannot be identified to species level;

Behaviour when first sighted including direction of travel and speed category where

appropriate;

Bearing and distance from observer;

Time;

Vessel position;

Vessel speed, including speed over ground and speed through water if known;

Vessel activity;

Water depth;

Sea state, visibility, and sun glare; and

Positions of other vessel(s) in the vicinity of the observer location.

5.7.7 Equipment required for marine mammal observations includes:

Binoculars;

Range finding equipment – to identify marine mammals within the mitigation zone;

Recording form and/or voice recorder; and

Radio – to allow communication with the operations team e.g. Operations Manager on

board and any PAM operator.

5.7.8 There will be clear communication channels between the MMO(s), any PAM operators and

the personnel detonating the explosives. The communication channels and procedures will

be established and in place before any activity commence and will be set out in a flow chart

once the contractors have been appointed.

5.7.9 Before each UXO is approached for detonation, the site will be secured and a safety

exclusion zone of not less than 1km radius will be imposed.

5.7.10 The UXO contractor’s designated person will notify the MMO team’s designated person at

least 24 hours ahead of the planned detonation to enable them to reach site at least 1.5





hours prior to detonation to set up before undertaking 1 hour pre-detonation search. The

MMO team will then carry out the following procedure:

The MMO team will undertake a 1 hour visual and acoustic surveillance to ensure that

marine mammals are not present within the 1km mitigation zone.

If a marine mammal is observed, or acoustically detected, within the mitigation zone the

MMO team’s designated person will notify the UXO contractor’s designated person of the

detection and instruct that the operation should be delayed.

The MMOs/PAM operatives will then monitor and track it until it moves out of range. The

MMO designated person will then notify the UXO contractor’s designated person once the

marine mammal is not detected again within 20 minutes, meaning it can be assumed that it

has left the area.

Once the MMO team is satisfied that marine mammals are out of the 1km danger zone, the

MMO team’s designated person will notify the EOD contractor’s designated person to

proceed with the detonation.

The MMOs shall maintain a post-detonation search within the mitigation zone for at least 15

minutes after the last detonation, to look for any evidence of injury to marine life, including

fish kills. Any unusual observations should be noted in the report. As this will occur prior to

the completion of the Explosive Ordnance Disposal safety “soak-period” of not less than 20

minutes this will occur from the same location as the pre-detonation search.

Once the site of the explosion is to be declared safe and Free From Explosives, the cordon

can be collapsed and the Operation declared over.

Each UXO/UXB will be dealt with in a similar manner following the procedure outlined

above.

5.8 Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM)

5.8.1 Harbour porpoise and other similar odontocetes can be detected acoustically via PAM of

their vocalisations. This detection method complements visual observation increasing the

probability of detection in the mitigation zone. MMOs can be an ineffective mitigation

measure during periods of poor visibility (such as fog), or during periods when the sea state

is not conducive to visual mitigation, as marine mammals in the vicinity of explosive

sources will not be detected. JNCC (2010) views PAM as the only available mitigation

technique that can be used under these conditions, and that it can also be used to enhance

the detection of certain marine mammal species.





5.8.2 If deemed appropriate, GWFL will commission experienced surveyors to provide an

appropriate PAM system (hydrophone and software) with a PAM operator to set up and

deploy the equipment, and to interpret the detected sounds. The range/ detectability

associated with the PAM system will be considered as part of the procurement process and

this will have implications on the survey design.

5.9 Sequencing of the detonations

5.9.1 If there are multiple UXO in close proximity to be disposed of near simultaneously the

sequence of detonations will, where practicable, start with the smallest detonation and end

with the larger detonations.





5.10 Timing of UXO work

5.10.1 A UXO survey of the export cable corridor of the GWF site commenced in August 2015 and

was still ongoing in October 2015 when this application was submitted to the Marine

Management Organisation. A UXO survey of the array area is planned for May - June

2016.

5.10.2 The UXO clearance for the export cable corridor is scheduled for March to June 2016 and

the clearance for the array area is scheduled for July to September 2016. The duration of

the UXO clearance is dependent on the number of UXO which need to be disposed of.

5.10.3 The scheduling of explosive detonations along the GWF export cable corridor from March

to June has potential to overlap with the beginning of harbour seal pupping season in June.

However, based on Figure 1 there are not anticipated to be any harbour seal haul-out sites

or pupping sites in the close vicinity to the cable corridor or landfall site at Sizewell with the

closest estimated to be approximately 40km away. The subsequent clearance operations

in the array area during July to September will be approximately 27km offshore and

approximately 40km from the closest potential haul out sites.

5.10.4 The timing of the planned UXO clearance in the export cable corridor and array areas

avoids the grey seal pupping season in November and December. However, if a UXO not

scheduled for clearance (e.g. if a UXO drifts into the works area) poses a threat to the

safety of vessels, crew or infrastructure then it may not be possible to avoid detonation in

November and December. In the unlikely event that clearance is required during

November and December, the mitigation measures as set out in this document will be

employed and all necessary precautions will be taken.

5.10.5 Any explosive detonations will take place during the hours of daylight so MMOs are able to

monitor the full extent of the mitigation zone under normal circumstances supplemented by

the potential use of a PAM system in times of poor visibility.

5.11 Reporting

5.11.1 Reports detailing the UXO operations, marine mammal mitigation activities and any marine

mammal encounters will be sent to the Marine Management Organisation, and to Natural

England if required, following completion of the UXO operation at GWF. The reports will

include:

The reference number for the activity provided by the regulatory authority;





Date and location of the activity;

Details of the operation, including: information on the size of charges used; the start times

of explosive detonations; the start and end times of watches by MMOs; the start and end

times of any acoustic monitoring using PAM; the start and end times of ADD deployment

and details of all explosive activity during the relevant watches;

Details of marine mammal encounters and any mitigation actions taken;

A record of any marine mammal encounters (sightings and detections) will be in completed

Marine Mammal Recording Forms (adapted from seismic survey forms), including any

behaviour encountered during the UXO operations;

Detailed description of any technical problems encountered and what, if any, actions were

taken;

Details of any problems encountered during the activity, including instances of non-

compliance with JNCC guidelines and any variation from the agreed procedure; and

The report will also discuss the protocols followed and put forward any recommendations

based on the project and any marine mammal sightings/behaviour encountered during the

UXO operations which could benefit future projects.





6 Summary

6.1.1 The ranges modelled for the Gwynt y Môr MMMP (CMACS, 2014) and for lethal (40-110m),

physical (300-850m) and auditory injury (800m) reviewed in Section 4 are likely to be

representative of the potential ranges that could be expected during the detonation of any

UXO at the GWF site. Therefore, the proposed use of ADD to deter marine mammals from

the mitigation zone of 1km radius from the explosive source combined with marine mammal

observation mitigation (with a circular coverage of 360 degrees) and ensuring any explosive

detonations will not be undertaken within 20 minutes of a marine mammal being detected

within the mitigation zone, will reduce any potential risk of injury to marine mammals.

6.1.2 While the use of ADD and the detonation of UXO has the potential to result in behavioural

responses and disturbance of any marine mammals present, this will be very temporary

and would be expected to be a startle response to each explosion and although animals

may move away they would be expected to return once the operation to clear any UXO

from the site has been completed. Therefore, it is considered that there would be a low

likelihood of disturbance (behavioural responses) occurring, and only for a very short period

of time, with no significant impact to marine mammals.

6.1.3 The Marine Management Organisation is yet to confirm whether or not an EPS Licence will

be required for cetacean species during the proposed UXO clearance, once adequate

mitigation has been agreed. Should the Marine Management Organisation advise such an

application is required the mitigation measures will be as set out in this document.





7 References

Barker, J., Seymour, A., Mowat, S. & Debney, A. (2014) Thames harbour seal conservation project. Unpublished report by the Zoological Society of London 47pp. CMACS (2014) Gwynt y Môr Offshore Wind Farm Marine Mammal Mitigation Plan - Ordnance Disposal. Coram, A., Gordon, J., Thompson, D. and Northridge, S (2014). Evaluating and assessing the relative effectiveness of non-lethal measures, including Acoustic Deterrent Devices, on marine mammals. Scottish Government. Genesis (2011) Review and Assessment of Underwater Sound Produced from Oil and Gas Sound Activities and Potential Reporting Requirements under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. 2011. Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants report for the Department of Energy and Climate Change. Document No.J71656-Final Report –G2. Gordon, J., Blight, C., Bryant, E., & Thompson, D. (2015) Tests of acoustic signals for aversive sound mitigation with harbour seals. Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St Andrews, Report to Scottish Government, no. MR 8.1, St Andrews, 35pp. Hammond, P.S., Northridge, S.P., Thompson, D., Gordon, J.C.D., Hall, A.J., Sharples, R.J., Grellier, K. & Matthiopoulos, J. (2004) Background Information on Marine Mammals relevant to SEA5. Technical report produced for Strategic Environmental Assessment – SEA5 to the DTI. Sea Mammal Research Unit. Hammond P.S., Macleod K., Berggren P., Borchers D.L., Burt L., Cañadas A., Desportes G., Donovan G.P., Gilles A., Gillespie D., Gordon J., Hiby L., Kuklik I., Leaper R., Lehnert K, Leopold M., Lovell P., Øien N., Paxton C.G.M., Ridoux V., Rogano E., Samarraa F., Scheidatg M., Sequeirap M., Siebertg U., Skovq H., Swifta R., Tasker M.L., Teilmann J., Canneyt O.V. and Vázquez J.A. (2013) Cetacean abundance and distribution in European Atlantic shelf waters to inform conservation and management. Biological Conservation 164, 107-122. Herschel A., Stephenson S., Sparling C., Sams C. and Monnington J. (2013). Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling. ORJIP Project 4, Phase 1, Research Summary IAMMWG (2013) Management Units for marine mammals in UK waters (June 2013). IAMMWG (2015) Management Units for cetaceans in UK waters (January 2015). JNCC Report No. 547, JNCC Peterborough. Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) (2010) Guidelines for minimising the risk of injury to marine mammals from using explosives. August 2010. JNCC (2013) Individual Species Reports – 3rd UK Habitats Directive Reporting 2013. Available online: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-6391 JNCC (2015) Annex II Species: Harbour porpoise. Available at: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/ProtectedSites/SACselection/species.asp?FeatureIntCode=S1351





Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), Natural England (NE) and Countryside Council for Wales (CCW) (2010) The protection of marine European Protected Species from injury and disturbance: Guidance for the marine area in England and Wales and the UK offshore marine area. Draft: October 2010. Nedwell, J.R, Needham, K., Gordon, J., Rogers, C. and Gordon, T. (2001) The effects of underwater blast during wellhead severance in the North Sea. Report No. 469 R 0202 Subacoustech Ltd. Nedwell, J.R, Parvin, S.J., Edwards, B., Workman, R., Brooker, A.G and Kynoch J.E. (2007) Measurement and interpretation of underwater noise during construction and operation of offshore windfarms in UK waters. Report for COWRIE by Subacoustech. Northridge (2012) Marine Scotland Offshore Renewables Research: Work Package C2: Request for advice on the populations of cetaceans that might be involved in significant interactions with marine renewable energy developments in Scottish marine waters. NRC (2005) Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise. Determining when noise causes biologically significant effects. Washington DC: The National Academies Press. pp126. Parvin, S.J., Nedwell, J.R. and Harland. E. (2007) Lethal and physical injury of marine mammals and requirements for Passive Acoustic Monitoring. Subacoustech Report. Reid. J.B., Evans., P.G.H and Northridge., S.P. (2003) Atlas of Cetacean distribution in north-west European waters. Richardson, J., Greene, C.R., Malme, C.I. and Thomson, D.H. (1995) Marine Mammals and Noise. San Diego California: Academic Press. SCOS (2014) SCOS Report. Scientific Advice on Matters Related to the Management of Seal Populations: 2014. Available online: www.smru.st-and.ac.uk Southall, B. L., A. E. Bowles, William T. Ellison, J. J., J. J. Finneran, R. L. Gentry, C. R. G. Jr., D. Kastak, D. R. Ketten, J. H. Miller, P. E. Nachtigall, W. J. Richardson, J. A. Thomas, and P. L. Tyack (2007) Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Initial Scientific Recommendations. Aquatic Mammals 33:1-521.

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