Marine Invasive Species & Marine Invasive Species & Ballast Water ManagementBallast Water Management

Adnan Awad

Director IOI-SATechnical Director (Marine) - GISP

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Marine Invasive Species Marine Invasive Species

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PathwaysPathways

•PipeworkPipework

•Docking Block LocationsDocking Block Locations

•PropellersPropellers•Sea ChestsSea Chests

•Free Flood SpacesFree Flood Spaces

•HullHull

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Ballast Water Ballast Water How far have we come?

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International ProgressInternational Progress

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International Maritime OrganizationInternational Maritime Organization

Safer Shipping …..Safer Shipping …..

Cleaner Oceans…Cleaner Oceans…

• International Convention on the International Convention on the Management of Ships’ Ballast Water & Management of Ships’ Ballast Water & Sediments - 2004Sediments - 2004

• Convention Guidelines Convention Guidelines

• Integrated Technical Co-operation Integrated Technical Co-operation Programme (ITCP)Programme (ITCP)

• IMO-GEF-UNDP GloBallast ProgrammeIMO-GEF-UNDP GloBallast Programme

• International Convention on the International Convention on the Management of Ships’ Ballast Water & Management of Ships’ Ballast Water & Sediments - 2004Sediments - 2004

• Convention Guidelines Convention Guidelines

• Integrated Technical Co-operation Integrated Technical Co-operation Programme (ITCP)Programme (ITCP)

• IMO-GEF-UNDP GloBallast ProgrammeIMO-GEF-UNDP GloBallast Programme

Article 5 - Sediment Reception FacilitiesArticle 5 - Sediment Reception Facilities

– where cleaning and repair of BW tanks occurs

– Safe disposal of sediments (should not damage the environment)

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Obligations:• Enact domestic laws• Establish Compliance Monitoring &

Enforcement System• Sediment Reception Facilities

Needs:• Training & Capacity Building• Guidelines & Technologies • Institutional Coordination

Port State ControlPort State Control

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Albania

Antigua and Barbuda

Barbados

Brazil

Canada

Cook Islands 

Croatia

Egypt

France

Kenya

Kiribati

Liberia

Maldives

Marshall IslandsMarshall Islands

MexicoMexico

NetherlandsNetherlands

NigeriaNigeria

NorwayNorway

Republic of KoreaRepublic of Korea

Saint Kitts and NevisSaint Kitts and Nevis

Sierra LeoneSierra Leone

South AfricaSouth Africa

SpainSpain

SwedenSweden

Syrian Arab RepublicSyrian Arab Republic

TuvaluTuvalu

Contracting Parties as of September 2010Contracting Parties as of September 2010

Pollution Crimes Cost Greek Shipper $2_7 Million, Ships Barred from USA.htm

““Pollution Crimes Cost Greek Shipper $2.7 Million, Ships Barred from Pollution Crimes Cost Greek Shipper $2.7 Million, Ships Barred from USA, NEW ORLEANS, Louisiana”USA, NEW ORLEANS, Louisiana”

December 11, 2009 December 11, 2009

• Polembros Shipping Ltd., a Greek ship management company, was sentenced Polembros Shipping Ltd., a Greek ship management company, was sentenced federal court in New Orleans to pay federal court in New Orleans to pay $2.7 million criminal fine$2.7 million criminal fine for violating anti- for violating anti-pollution laws, ship safety laws, and making false statements during a U.S. Coast pollution laws, ship safety laws, and making false statements during a U.S. Coast Guard investigation of the cargo ship M/V Theotokos. Guard investigation of the cargo ship M/V Theotokos. Polembros was also ordered to Polembros was also ordered to pay a separate $100,000 community service payment to the Smithsonian pay a separate $100,000 community service payment to the Smithsonian Environmental Research CentreEnvironmental Research Centre

• The criminal prosecutions are under the The criminal prosecutions are under the Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Actand Control Act of 1990. This law established a national ballast water control of 1990. This law established a national ballast water control program in an attempt to prevent invasive aquatic species from entering U.S. waters. program in an attempt to prevent invasive aquatic species from entering U.S. waters.

• Polembros pleaded guilty on September 30 to violating the Nonindigenous Aquatic Polembros pleaded guilty on September 30 to violating the Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act by Nuisance Prevention and Control Act by failing to maintain accurate ballast water failing to maintain accurate ballast water records.records.

• The court ordered that all ships owned or managed by Polembros, currently 20 The court ordered that all ships owned or managed by Polembros, currently 20 vessels, will be barred from entering U.S. ports and territorial waters for three yearsvessels, will be barred from entering U.S. ports and territorial waters for three years as a condition of the probation imposed by the court. as a condition of the probation imposed by the court.

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Ballast Water Management Ballast Water Management ApproachApproach

• Awareness Raising• Political engagement• Policy and legislation development• Risk assessment• Biological surveys (Ports)• Compliance monitoring• Regional Strategy Development

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Regional Approach in AfricaRegional Approach in Africa

– Regional Strategies under development

– Facilitation through LME’s (e.g. ASCLME)

– Engagement through NC/AC

– Important role for PMAWCA, PMAESA, PENAf

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Existing regional frameworks:

WIO / ASCLME RegionWIO / ASCLME Region

• ASCLME project• PMAESA, PENAf• Nairobi Convention (UNEP)• Scientific networks (WIOMSA, SAMSS)

Past progress:• Draft SEA Regional Strategy• National meetings• IMO engagement

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Targeting developing countries & regions:

Int’l Partnership ApproachInt’l Partnership Approach

• Raise awareness• Develop appropriate tools • Build capacity for management

Policy & RegulationsPolicy & Regulations

National level: Development of BW Policy (Dept of

Environment) BW inclusion in Biodiversity & Ports

Acts Ratification of IMO BW Convention Development of SA BW Act (ongoing) Concurrent development of regulations

Port & Flag State Control

Policy & RegulationsPolicy & Regulations

Regional level: Assistance with Strategy

development for BWM for sub-regions WACAF Southern & East Africa PERSGA Mediterranean

Institutionalization within operational frameworks

Pollution Conventions

Policy Development & GuidelinesPolicy Development & Guidelines

Review of IMO approach Rapid assessment of national

ability for implementation of BW regime

Template for status report to IMO

Co-published IOI - IMO/GBP Available in hard copy or pdf

http://globallast.imo.org

Available in PDF at Available in PDF at www.gisp.org

GISP ToolsGISP Tools

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Int’l Port Survey ProtocolsInt’l Port Survey Protocols

New guidelines to be development

Mombasa Port Survey Training WorkshopMombasa Port Survey Training Workshop

Mombasa Port Survey Training WorkshopMombasa Port Survey Training Workshop

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Risk Assessment databaseRisk Assessment database

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BWRA – Ship BW infoBWRA – Ship BW info

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BWRA - BioregionsBWRA - Bioregions

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BWRA - Overall RiskBWRA - Overall Risk

Ship-board treatment technologiesShip-board treatment technologies

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South African BWT SystemSouth African BWT System

10 Inch System 6 Inch System

Resource Ballast Technologies

History of TestingHistory of Testing

Test FacilityTest Facility

• Quay-side location in Port of Cape Town

• Pump from/to natural coastal waters

• Advanced technologies with broad application

• Suitable for expansion to training centre

Testing for IMO ApprovalTesting for IMO Approval

Active Substances: Chronic & acute toxicity Health & Safety, corrosivity

Efficacy: Compliance with IMO D-2 Standard Removal/de-activation of organisms by size class

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Current State of TechnologiesCurrent State of Technologies

• 47 Companies currently active• Capacities ranging from 100-10000

m3/hr• +/- 150 systems installed on vessels

– From 27 different suppliers• 10 Systems with IMO Certification &

Type Approval

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International PreparednessInternational Preparedness

Shipping Industry:• +/- 80,000 vessels in world fleet• Approx 30 installations/day to

comply with IMO Convention

National Administrations:• Regulatory Framework• Management capacity

– Port & Flag State Responsibilities

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Short Courses:• Introductory Course on Ballast Water

Management• Management of Invasive Species in Marine &

Coastal Environments• Training Course on Port Biological Baseline Surveys

Capacity BuildingCapacity Building

Projects addressing other vectorsProjects addressing other vectors

Biofouling: Yachts & Marinas Oil rigs

Aquaculture: Water treatment for land-

based facilities pumping to/from coastal waters

Moving forward…Moving forward…

Increase Integration: Addressing all vectors As part of ICOM Between sectors

i.e. Environment & Maritime Administrations

In Partnerships, projects & initiatives

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Thank YouThank YouThank YouThank You

University of the Western Cape Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535

Tel: +27 21 959 2795Fax: +27 21 959 1213

Website: www.ioisa.org.za