Marine Basics
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Transcript of Marine Basics
-
5/20/2018 Marine Basics
1/18
(kamberman)
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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www.marineaquarium.gr
2006
1.
2.
2.1
2.2 , ,
3.
3.1
3.2 sump ?
3.3
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5 skimmer
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9 Kalkwasser reactor
4.10 Calcium reactor
4.11!5.
5.1 . ?
5.2 ?
5.3 ?
5.4 , 5.5
6.
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1.
,
.
,
.
: (),
(species tank), , ,
(fish-only) (reef).
.
, , fish-only,
reef. , reef, , (
, ) LPS
(Large-Polyped Scleractinian,
) SPS(Small-Polyped Scleractinian,
).
(mixed reef)
: Xenia sp. LPS : Euphylia Ancora SPS : Seriatopora Hystrix
2.
2.1.
.
. (NH3)
nitrite (N02), nitrite nitrate (NO3)
. ,
www.marineaquarium.gr
2006
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, , .
,
( , ,
).
2.2. , ,
PH:: 7,8 8,4 (
). (buffers)
.
(NH3) nitrite (N02): 0,
. ,
skimmers.
Nitrate (NO3):0 . nitrate (>20 p.p.m.) .
skimmer,
,
, (denitrator).
Specific Gravity (S.G.),:
1024-1026 reef, fish-only
(1022-1024).
( ). (refractometer, . .
5.2.), !
Alkalinity:meq/l dKH. 2.5-3.5 meq/l 8-12 dKH.
.
(buffers) Calcium reactor
: . .
(PO4): ,
.
. r/o ro/di(. . 5.2.) .
- reef
fish-only. (CA): LPS SPS
. 380-450 p.p.m.,
400 p.p.m.
Calcium reactor.
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2006
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(Mg): . 1200-1300 p.p.m.
, Calcium reactor.
(Sr): .
. ,
.(I):
.
.
.
,
. ph,
ph-
, .
3.
3.1.
, reef ,
(,
).
, (. . 4.3.). 8, 5 pc,
watt,
. ,
, reef.
, , reef ,
watt ( )
. reef 50-65 . ,
.
3.2. sump ?
sump
(display tank). sump
,
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2006
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2006
/, sump .
. (..: ,
,
, sump
/, sump
?) .
sump
refugium, dsb (. . 4.1.) ,
.
:
http://www.melevsreef.com/allmysumps.html
( sump)
(canister filters) (, /) (sand bed filter).(. . 4.6.) 2 .
Sump sump
(skimmer,
)
.
,
.
, sump,
.
,
.
.
.
http://www.melevsreef.com/allmysumps.htmlhttp://www.melevsreef.com/allmysumps.html -
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2006
refugium (
)
,
,
3.3. .
,
.
.
. ,
(, ..), ( ,
...)
!
4.
4.1.
.
(). / . (
, , ).
. ,
5-10 . (deep sand bed -DSB),
(bare bottom). ,
.
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2006
4.2.
. .
.
, , , ,
, , , , slugs, , ,.
, ,
.
(
skimmer ,
). ,
.,
, .
.
60%, ,
. 100%
/,
50-50.
,
, . ,
. ,
,
. ,
skimmer
,
,
.
.
4.3.
:
1) 8 .
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2006
T8: watt/Watt ()
18 60
25 75
30 90
36 120
38 105
58 150
2) 5 8.
5: watt/
Watt ()
24 55,9
39 86,4
54 116,880 147,3
3) Power Compact (PC) .
Power Compact: watt/Watt ()
18 26,7
32 31,8
40 42,5
65 54,0
96 85,1130 112,4
4) Metal Halide (MH)
. 75, 150, 250, 1000 watt Kelvin.
5) Led system (solaris) leds
MH, .
.
fish-only 8 . 5/PC reef /LPS/SPS
. SPS ,
.
:
1) watt . .
.
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2) Kelvin. (.. 6500, 10000, 14000, 20000). (6500),
, (10000), (14000),
20000 . ,
, ,
.Kelvin ,
.
.
, , , 6
1
/.
5 Power Compact Metal Halide
4.4.
. fish-only reef
, .
,
PH.
,
. ,
, 20.
, ,
.
. , ..
, ,
.
(wave makers) -
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2006
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. /, .
4.5. skimmer
., ,
.
skimmer
X
.
,
overskimming, skimmer
.
4.6.
1) : (.. Siporax, eheim substrat
& substrat pro).
.
(, skimming).
(fluidized sand bed filters) .
2) / .
.
.
.
() :
- ()
- ()- ()
- ()
.
,
( , ..).
, ,
,
www.marineaquarium.gr
2006
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. ,
.
/
4.7.
26-28 .
, .
(heaters)
chiller ( ,
). ,
.
temperature controllers,
/
.
(.
1 ) ,
,
.
Chiller
4.8.
.
,
. ,
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2006
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r/o , .
r/o .
, kalkwasser reactor
kalk.
4.9. Kalkwasser reactor
kalk (kalkwasser-)
. PH
, (kalkwasser
reactor) kalk
().
kalk . .
PH .
4.10. Calcium reactor
,
PH .
reactor.
,
(
, )
alkalinity .
PH reactor,
CO2,
reactor PH.
PH-controller
(solenoid) . PH
controller PH reactor (
PH
,
) .
PH , controller
CO2 .
Calcium Reactor
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2006
reef (SPS tanks).
4.11. !
.
.
.
(,
, ...)
5.
5.1. . ?.
. ,
, . (
).
, .
,
. ,
(reef) . , .
,
, , .
, .
, 2 :
1) . 1
1
, , . 10-1224. .
2) .
,
/
skimmer.
-nitrite-nitrate.
(. .
2.1.), ,
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() . ,
/
nitrite/nitrate. nitrite 0
10 , (..
Chromis viridis, amphiprion ocellaris, ..).
... ,
,
. ,
. ,
, (.. ).
Amphiprion ocellaris(False percula clown)
5.2. ?
, .
R/O ( )
RO/DI . R/O
95-99%
. ,
RO
, ,
.
( )
(. . 4.7). , .
24-48
!
RO/DI
, ,
()
.
,
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. , , .
5.3. ?
. (5%)
(), (15-20%) ..
5.4. ,
()
, .
(
, , ,
, ).
reef, reef-safe, .
,
,.
, (,
), ().
,
.
,
. , , sump .
(.. ) .
. ..
30-45 , (.. ,
) .
,
.
, !
5.5.
: .
, ,
, .
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2006
, () , .
2 :-
- skimmer-
:-
-
,
- / .
- - kalk kalk-reactor
- ph-monitor, ph-controller, temperature-controller,
:-
- skimmer
-
- ph-monitor ph-controller
:- kalk-reactor
- 1/3
9 :-
(CA, MG, SR, I, buffer) ...
. ,
, ,
.
Calcium Reactor, , ,
reactor
.
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2006
6.
e-book
,
.
.
.
, www.marineaquarium.gr,
forum .
!
http://www.marineaquarium.gr/http://www.marineaquarium.gr/