Map Reading1

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Interactive Geography One - Unit 3

Unit Focus

What is a map?

Different types of maps

Uses of maps

Lines of latitude and longitude


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What is a map?

A map is a graphic representation,

on a flat surface,of what a part ofthe Earths surface looks like from

above.


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A political map


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A geological map


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A rainfall map


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A population distribution map


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A flow map


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The Value of MapsPeople have been using maps for a very long

timeMaps are even more widely used today

There are several reasons why this is so:

Valuable sources of information

Maps tell us where we are, how far it is betweentwo places, what direction to take to go to a place,

what the different ways to go to a place are and

what we will find there

Tourists use maps to find their way to tourist

information centres, places of interest and historic

landmarks


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Useful ways of storing and displayinginformation about the Earths surface

Maps are light and portableDifferent types of information can be puton different mapsA weather map shows the weather patterns

for an areaA geological map shows the types of rocksin an areaMaps can be used to present information of

large area and even the world


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Useful ways of storing and displaying informationabout the Earths surface

Street and topographic maps show detailedinformation on smaller areas

Important bases for planning and decision-makingDuring a war, the military uses maps to plan which

areas to attack and the most effective routes to take

Urban planners use maps to decide where to build the

different features of the human landscape

Good records of landscape changesMaps show the features of the Earths surface at a

certain point in timeWhen new maps of the same area are drawn every few

years, the series of maps will give us a record of the

changes that have taken place


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Basic elements of mapsTitle:

States what the map shows

Appears at the top of the mapOn topographic maps, the title is usually the

name of the largest settlement in the region

Grid Lines

A series of vertical and horizontal numbered

lines drawn on a map

Used to locate features


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Directional IndicatorShows where north, south, east and west lie on the

map

Symbols

Used to represent the different physical and

man-made features found on the surface of the

Earth

It is possible to fit a lot of information into asmall space using symbols


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Legend

Explains what each symbol on the map means

Lists all symbols used and explains the meaning of

each of themAlso called the key

Names of Features

Certain features such as settlements, roads and riversare often named on maps


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Scale

Shows the size of the map compared to the

actual size of the area that the map represents

Helps us to calculate the size of a feature on

the Earths surface

Types of Symbols

Can be of different shapes and sizes

The size or thickness of a symbol shows the

importance of a featureCertain colours are used to represent certain

features


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Types of Symbols

Point symbols :

Represent point-like features like schools,

churches, mosques and temples


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Types of Symbols

Area symbols

Represent features that occupy an area

such as lakes and forests

Some of these symbols look like thefeatures they represent


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Types of Symbols

Abbreviations

May appear beside other symbols to

explain what they are or on their own


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Types of Symbols

Height symbolsHeight of places is shown on maps by

contours

Contours are imaginary lines joining places of

the same height above or below sea level


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Height symbolsTo show the exact height of a physical

feature, a trigonometrical station is

used

This is a circular disc placed in theground to show the specific height of

the place

On maps, a trigonometrical station is

shown by a triangle symbol with the

height above sea level written beside it


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Lines of latitude

Lines thatare drawn

aroundthe globeparallel tothe

Equator.


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Lines of longitude

Lines that aredrawn around

the globethrough thepoles.


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Summary

Map Reading1

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Transcript of Map Reading1